Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2167-0277.21.10.E106
Amedeo Xu
Corona virus disease (COVID-19) is a new infectious disease arisen in Wuhan, China, at the end of 2019, and expanded rapidly universal. This pandemic has placed extra-ordinary demands upon health care systems worldwide, and has led to various physical and psychological consequences. The medical employees, as the front line of the stand against COVID-19, are more sensitive to destructive consequences of this disease than others. Extending physical and psychological stress in-creases sleep disturbances among Health Care Workers (HCWs), notably nurses and physicians, confronting patients with COVID-19. This letter highlights the importance of an overlooked is-sue, sleep health among HCWs during pandemic of COVID-19 and associated characteristics. Studies on mental health of HCWs during COVID-19 pandemic has shown high rates of depression, anxiety, stress, fear, insomnia, grief, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and obsessive-compulsive symptoms . Similar mental health problems were reported during previous infectious disease outbreaks. These adverse mental health consequences may increase the risk of burnout among HCWs which has negative impacts on individual wellbeing, sleep, caring for patients, and health care system.
{"title":"Sleep Disorders in Health Care Professionals during COVID-19","authors":"Amedeo Xu","doi":"10.35248/2167-0277.21.10.E106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2167-0277.21.10.E106","url":null,"abstract":"Corona virus disease (COVID-19) is a new infectious disease arisen in Wuhan, China, at the end of 2019, and expanded rapidly universal. This pandemic has placed extra-ordinary demands upon health care systems worldwide, and has led to various physical and psychological consequences. The medical employees, as the front line of the stand against COVID-19, are more sensitive to destructive consequences of this disease than others. Extending physical and psychological stress in-creases sleep disturbances among Health Care Workers (HCWs), notably nurses and physicians, confronting patients with COVID-19. This letter highlights the importance of an overlooked is-sue, sleep health among HCWs during pandemic of COVID-19 and associated characteristics. Studies on mental health of HCWs during COVID-19 pandemic has shown high rates of depression, anxiety, stress, fear, insomnia, grief, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and obsessive-compulsive symptoms . Similar mental health problems were reported during previous infectious disease outbreaks. These adverse mental health consequences may increase the risk of burnout among HCWs which has negative impacts on individual wellbeing, sleep, caring for patients, and health care system.","PeriodicalId":73946,"journal":{"name":"Journal of sleep disorders & therapy","volume":"10 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69990835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2167-0277.21.10.E108
Jassel Phelia
{"title":"Note on Endocrine and Sleep","authors":"Jassel Phelia","doi":"10.35248/2167-0277.21.10.E108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2167-0277.21.10.E108","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73946,"journal":{"name":"Journal of sleep disorders & therapy","volume":"10 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69990998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2167-0277.21.10.327
Hsiu-Chen Tai, Shi-Hao Huang, Yao-Ching Huang, Chi-Hsiang Chung, Chien‐An Sun, Nian-Sheng Tzeng, W. Chien
Objectives: To compare whether nonapnea sleep disorders (NASDs) or obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)are associated with an increased risk of obesity. Methods: From January 1, 2000, to December 31, 2015, we identified 24 363 patients with obesity from the 2005 Longitudinal Health Insurance Database, which is part of Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database; 97 452 patients without obesity were also identified from the same database. The age, sex, and index date were matched. Multiple logistic regression was used to analyze the previous exposure risk of patients with obesity and NASD or OSA. A P value of <.05 was considered significant. Results: Patients with obesity were more likely to be exposed to OSA than did those with NASD (OSA adjusted OR [AOR] = 2.927, 95% CI=1.878-4.194, P < .001; NASD adjusted OR [AOR]=1.693, 95% CI=1.575-1.821, P< .001). Furthermore, the closeness of the exposure period to the index time was positively associated with the severity of obesity, with a dose– response effect (OSA exposure <1 year, AOR=3.895; OSA exposure ≥ 1 year and <5 years, AOR=2.933; OSA exposure ≥5 years, AOR=2.486 ; NASD exposure <1 year, AOR=2.386; NASD exposure ≥1 year and <5 years, AOR=1.725; NASD exposure ≥5 years, AOR=1.422). The exposure duration of OSA in patients with obesity was 2.927 times than that of NASD was 1.693 times. Longer exposure durations were associated with more severe obesity with a dose–response effect (OSA exposure <1 year, AOR = 2.251; OSA exposure ≥1 year and <5 years, AOR=2.986; OSA exposure ≥5 years, AOR=3.452; NASD exposure <1 year, AOR=1.420; NASD exposure ≥1 year and <5 years, AOR=2.240; NASD exposure ≥5 years, AOR=2.863). Conclusions: The risk of obesity was determined to be significantly higher in patients with OSA than that of NASD in this nested case-control study. Longer exposure to OSA or NASD was associated with a higher likelihood of obesity, with a dose-response effect.
{"title":"This Nested Case-Control Study Revealed That Patients With Obesity Experienced More Severe OSA Than Did Those With NASD","authors":"Hsiu-Chen Tai, Shi-Hao Huang, Yao-Ching Huang, Chi-Hsiang Chung, Chien‐An Sun, Nian-Sheng Tzeng, W. Chien","doi":"10.35248/2167-0277.21.10.327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2167-0277.21.10.327","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To compare whether nonapnea sleep disorders (NASDs) or obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)are associated with an increased risk of obesity. Methods: From January 1, 2000, to December 31, 2015, we identified 24 363 patients with obesity from the 2005 Longitudinal Health Insurance Database, which is part of Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database; 97 452 patients without obesity were also identified from the same database. The age, sex, and index date were matched. Multiple logistic regression was used to analyze the previous exposure risk of patients with obesity and NASD or OSA. A P value of <.05 was considered significant. Results: Patients with obesity were more likely to be exposed to OSA than did those with NASD (OSA adjusted OR [AOR] = 2.927, 95% CI=1.878-4.194, P < .001; NASD adjusted OR [AOR]=1.693, 95% CI=1.575-1.821, P< .001). Furthermore, the closeness of the exposure period to the index time was positively associated with the severity of obesity, with a dose– response effect (OSA exposure <1 year, AOR=3.895; OSA exposure ≥ 1 year and <5 years, AOR=2.933; OSA exposure ≥5 years, AOR=2.486 ; NASD exposure <1 year, AOR=2.386; NASD exposure ≥1 year and <5 years, AOR=1.725; NASD exposure ≥5 years, AOR=1.422). The exposure duration of OSA in patients with obesity was 2.927 times than that of NASD was 1.693 times. Longer exposure durations were associated with more severe obesity with a dose–response effect (OSA exposure <1 year, AOR = 2.251; OSA exposure ≥1 year and <5 years, AOR=2.986; OSA exposure ≥5 years, AOR=3.452; NASD exposure <1 year, AOR=1.420; NASD exposure ≥1 year and <5 years, AOR=2.240; NASD exposure ≥5 years, AOR=2.863). Conclusions: The risk of obesity was determined to be significantly higher in patients with OSA than that of NASD in this nested case-control study. Longer exposure to OSA or NASD was associated with a higher likelihood of obesity, with a dose-response effect.","PeriodicalId":73946,"journal":{"name":"Journal of sleep disorders & therapy","volume":"10 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69990144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2167-0277.21.10.325
Masako Kato, Y. Yamaguchi
Background: Obesity without metabolic syndrome is known as metabolically healthy obesity (MHO). The influence of MHO on apnea severity and sleep parameters in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) remains unknown. To determine whether MHO affect the apnea severity and sleep parameters, such as apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and arousal index, in OSA patients with non-obesity, MHO, and metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUHO). Methods: A total of 266 men with OSA, aged between 20 and 65 years, were enrolled in this single-center, retrospective study. After excluding patients on hypnotics, antidepressants, or anticonvulsants, a total of 180 patients were included. The clinical data, AHI, and arousal index were examined in OSA patients with non-obesity, MHO, and MUHO. Results: The arousal index showed a significant difference in patients with MHO compared to those with MUHO (MHO vs MUHO: 28.6 ± 15.5 vs. 40.2 ± 21.1, respectively, p<0.01). There was no significant difference in the arousal index in OSA patients between the non-obese and MHO groups. AHI indicated a significant increase in patients with MHO compared to non-obesity (non-obesity vs MHO: 22.5 ± 13.7 vs. 38.4 ± 22.8, respectively, p<0.01). Conclusions: In OSA patients with MHO and MUHO, there were no significant differences in apnea severity, but the arousal index in OSA patients with MHO was lower than MUHO. The results demonstrate that the arousals during sleep may be due to the simple correlation with apnea appearance and metabolically unknown factors.
{"title":"Effect Of Metabolically Healthy Obesity In Male Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea","authors":"Masako Kato, Y. Yamaguchi","doi":"10.35248/2167-0277.21.10.325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2167-0277.21.10.325","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Obesity without metabolic syndrome is known as metabolically healthy obesity (MHO). The influence of MHO on apnea severity and sleep parameters in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) remains unknown. To determine whether MHO affect the apnea severity and sleep parameters, such as apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and arousal index, in OSA patients with non-obesity, MHO, and metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUHO). Methods: A total of 266 men with OSA, aged between 20 and 65 years, were enrolled in this single-center, retrospective study. After excluding patients on hypnotics, antidepressants, or anticonvulsants, a total of 180 patients were included. The clinical data, AHI, and arousal index were examined in OSA patients with non-obesity, MHO, and MUHO. Results: The arousal index showed a significant difference in patients with MHO compared to those with MUHO (MHO vs MUHO: 28.6 ± 15.5 vs. 40.2 ± 21.1, respectively, p<0.01). There was no significant difference in the arousal index in OSA patients between the non-obese and MHO groups. AHI indicated a significant increase in patients with MHO compared to non-obesity (non-obesity vs MHO: 22.5 ± 13.7 vs. 38.4 ± 22.8, respectively, p<0.01). Conclusions: In OSA patients with MHO and MUHO, there were no significant differences in apnea severity, but the arousal index in OSA patients with MHO was lower than MUHO. The results demonstrate that the arousals during sleep may be due to the simple correlation with apnea appearance and metabolically unknown factors.","PeriodicalId":73946,"journal":{"name":"Journal of sleep disorders & therapy","volume":"10 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69990077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2167-0277.21.10.338
Masako Kato, Y. Yamaguchi
Background: Some patients with periodic limb movement in sleep (PLMS) have disrupted sleep and excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS). The clinical characteristics of patients with PLMS and EDS remain to be elucidated. Objective: To address the clinical characteristics of patients with PLMS affected by EDS, we assessed the clinical variables in patients with and without EDS and determined the influencing factors using polysomnography (PSG). Methods: This retrospective study included 306 patients with PLMS who did not take drugs. They visited our clinic between March 2015 and February 2021. Their sleep was recorded using PSG. PLMS was defined as having brief (0.5-5 seconds) repetitive limb movements, with a frequency of 15 or more times per hour. The Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) was used as a subjective sleepiness indicator. Using the ESS, EDS was defined as a score ≧11. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the factors influencing EDS in patients with PLMS. Results: Of the 306 patients, 43 had PLMS. EDS was detected in 23 patients with PLMS. Logistic regression analyses revealed lower odds of EDS in men (odds ratio［OR］0.187, 95% confidence interval ［CI］ 0.041-0.856, P = 0.0307) and older individuals (OR 0.92, 95% CI 0.862-0.982, P = 0.0119) among patients with PLMS. Conclusions: Older male patients with PLMS were less likely to have EDS. To our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate that men and older individuals had a lower likelihood of experiencing EDS among patients with PLMS.
背景:一些周期性睡眠肢体运动(PLMS)患者存在睡眠中断和白天嗜睡(EDS)。PLMS和EDS患者的临床特点尚不清楚。目的:通过多导睡眠描记(PSG)对合并和不合并EDS的PLMS患者的临床变量进行评估，探讨EDS患者的临床特征，并确定影响因素。方法:对306例未服药的PLMS患者进行回顾性研究。他们在2015年3月至2021年2月期间来过我们的诊所。用PSG记录他们的睡眠。PLMS被定义为有短暂的(0.5-5秒)重复性肢体运动，频率为每小时15次或更多。采用Epworth嗜睡量表(ESS)作为主观嗜睡指标。用ESS将EDS定义为≥11分。采用多变量logistic回归分析确定影响PLMS患者EDS的因素。结果:306例患者中，43例出现PLMS。23例PLMS患者检测到EDS。Logistic回归分析显示，PLMS患者中男性EDS发生率(比值比[OR]0.187, 95%可信区间[CI] 0.041-0.856, P = 0.0307)和老年人EDS发生率(比值比[OR] 0.92, 95% CI 0.862-0.982, P = 0.0119)较低。结论:老年男性PLMS患者发生EDS的可能性较低。据我们所知，这是第一个证明男性和老年人在PLMS患者中发生EDS的可能性较低的研究。
{"title":"Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Periodic Limb Movement in Sleep Who Showed Excessive Daytime Sleepiness","authors":"Masako Kato, Y. Yamaguchi","doi":"10.35248/2167-0277.21.10.338","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2167-0277.21.10.338","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Some patients with periodic limb movement in sleep (PLMS) have disrupted sleep and excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS). The clinical characteristics of patients with PLMS and EDS remain to be elucidated. Objective: To address the clinical characteristics of patients with PLMS affected by EDS, we assessed the clinical variables in patients with and without EDS and determined the influencing factors using polysomnography (PSG). Methods: This retrospective study included 306 patients with PLMS who did not take drugs. They visited our clinic between March 2015 and February 2021. Their sleep was recorded using PSG. PLMS was defined as having brief (0.5-5 seconds) repetitive limb movements, with a frequency of 15 or more times per hour. The Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) was used as a subjective sleepiness indicator. Using the ESS, EDS was defined as a score ≧11. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the factors influencing EDS in patients with PLMS. Results: Of the 306 patients, 43 had PLMS. EDS was detected in 23 patients with PLMS. Logistic regression analyses revealed lower odds of EDS in men (odds ratio［OR］0.187, 95% confidence interval ［CI］ 0.041-0.856, P = 0.0307) and older individuals (OR 0.92, 95% CI 0.862-0.982, P = 0.0119) among patients with PLMS. Conclusions: Older male patients with PLMS were less likely to have EDS. To our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate that men and older individuals had a lower likelihood of experiencing EDS among patients with PLMS.","PeriodicalId":73946,"journal":{"name":"Journal of sleep disorders & therapy","volume":"6 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69990251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2167-0277.21.10.346
Leila Kheir, ish Gozal
{"title":"Sleeping Pills Its Usage And Their Side Effects","authors":"Leila Kheir, ish Gozal","doi":"10.35248/2167-0277.21.10.346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2167-0277.21.10.346","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73946,"journal":{"name":"Journal of sleep disorders & therapy","volume":"10 1","pages":"346-346"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69990702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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