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Improving the Social Connectedness of Older Adults Through Digital Social Gaming - A Pilot Study 通过数字社交游戏改善老年人的社会联系——一项试点研究
Pub Date : 2023-10-07 DOI: 10.1007/s41347-023-00344-z
Jeroen H. M. Janssen, V. E. van Es, Bas D. L. Châtel, Rob Tieben, Menno Deen, Marcel G. M. Olde Rikkert, G. M. E. E. Peeters
Abstract Background Digital social interventions for older adults have become increasingly important due to their flexibility and potential to reduce loneliness. Digital games provide easy and fun interaction possibilities but need more exploration. Methods Using a mixed-methods design, we piloted a chat-based mobile application ( PhotoSnake ) designed to elicit social connectedness. Participants joined two in-person workshops two weeks apart and a focus group afterwards. They filled in a demographics and loneliness questionnaire pre- and post-intervention, and we collected anonymous in-app data. Results At baseline, participants (N = 15) were 74 years old, moderately lonely (Median = 2.0), partnered (40%), retired (93%), and living independently alone (53%) or with others (47%). Loneliness did not change over time. They valued the in-person workshops to get to know each other. Participants enjoyed playing the game for a few days but felt it lacked sufficient variation to persist gameplay. Furthermore, the in-app interaction mainly focused on the game and was perceived as too superficial to be meaningful. Conclusion This study helps design future digital interventions by showing the importance of in-person contact for engagement and meaningfulness. Players do not automatically label in-game interaction as valuable, and game design should focus on aiding players in creating personal interaction moments.
背景数字社会干预对老年人越来越重要,因为它们具有灵活性和减少孤独感的潜力。数字游戏提供了简单有趣的互动可能性,但需要更多的探索。方法采用混合方法设计,我们试用了一个基于聊天的移动应用程序(PhotoSnake),旨在引发社会联系。参与者参加了两个面对面的研讨会,间隔两周,之后参加了一个焦点小组。他们在干预前后填写了一份人口统计和孤独感问卷,我们收集了匿名的应用内数据。在基线时,参与者(N = 15)为74岁,中度孤独(中位数= 2.0),有伴侣(40%),退休(93%),独自生活(53%)或与他人(47%)。孤独并没有随着时间而改变。他们重视面对面的研讨会,以便彼此了解。参与者喜欢玩游戏几天,但觉得它缺乏足够的变化来坚持游戏玩法。此外,应用内互动主要集中在游戏上,被认为太肤浅而没有意义。本研究通过展示面对面接触对参与和意义的重要性,有助于设计未来的数字干预措施。玩家不会自动给游戏内互动贴上有价值的标签,游戏设计应该专注于帮助玩家创造个人互动时刻。
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引用次数: 0
A Systematic Literature Review on the Application of Telepsychiatry in Correctional Facilities/Prisons: Necessity and Modern Challenges 远程精神病学在惩教设施/监狱应用的系统文献综述:必要性与现代挑战
Pub Date : 2023-09-30 DOI: 10.1007/s41347-023-00346-x
Evangelia Karachaliou, Phoebe Douzenis, Sophia Martinaki, Evdokia Misouridou, Fotios Chatzinikolaou, Athanasios Douzenis
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引用次数: 0
An Explainable Framework to Predict Child Sexual Abuse Awareness in People Using Supervised Machine Learning Models 使用监督机器学习模型预测人们儿童性虐待意识的可解释框架
Pub Date : 2023-09-25 DOI: 10.1007/s41347-023-00343-0
Krishnaraj Chadaga, Srikanth Prabhu, Niranjana Sampathila, Rajagopala Chadaga, Muralidhar Bairy, Swathi K. S.
Abstract Child sexual abuse (CSA) is a type of abuse in which an individual exploits a kid/adolescent sexually. CSA can happen in several places, such as schools, households, hostels, and other public spaces. However, a large number of people, including parents, do not have an awareness of this sensitive issue. Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) are being used in various disciplines in the modern era. Hence, supervised machine learning models have been used to predict child sexual abuse awareness in this study. The dataset contains answers provided by 3002 people regarding CSA. A questionnaire dataset obtained though crowdsourcing has been used to predict a person’s knowledge level regarding sexual abuse in children. Heterogenous ML and deep learning models have been used to make accurate predictions. To demystify the decisions made by the models, explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) techniques have also been utilized. XAI helps in making the models more interpretable, decipherable, and transparent. Four XAI techniques: Shapley additive values (SHAP), Eli5, QLattice, and local interpretable model-agnostic explanations (LIME), have been utilized to demystify the models. Among all the classifiers, the final stacked model obtained the best results with an accuracy of 94% for the test dataset. The excellent results demonstrated by the classifiers point to the use of artificial intelligence in preventing child sexual abuse by making people aware of it. The models can be used real time in facilities such as schools, hospitals, and other places to increase awareness among people regarding sexual abuse in children.
儿童性虐待(Child sexual abuse,简称CSA)是一种针对儿童/青少年的性侵犯行为。CSA可以发生在几个地方,如学校、家庭、旅馆和其他公共场所。然而,包括父母在内的很多人都没有意识到这个敏感的问题。人工智能(AI)和机器学习(ML)在现代的各个学科中得到了应用。因此,在本研究中,监督机器学习模型被用于预测儿童性虐待意识。该数据集包含3002人提供的关于CSA的答案。通过众包获得的问卷数据集被用来预测一个人对儿童性虐待的知识水平。异构ML和深度学习模型已被用于做出准确的预测。为了使模型做出的决策变得神秘,还使用了可解释的人工智能(XAI)技术。XAI有助于使模型更加可解释、可破译和透明。四种XAI技术:Shapley相加值(SHAP)、Eli5、QLattice和局部可解释的模型不可知论解释(LIME),已被用来揭开模型的神秘面纱。在所有分类器中,最终的堆叠模型在测试数据集上获得了最好的结果,准确率达到94%。分类器所展示的出色结果表明,人工智能可以通过让人们意识到这一点来预防儿童性虐待。这些模型可以在学校、医院和其他地方等设施中实时使用,以提高人们对儿童性虐待的认识。
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引用次数: 0
Enhancing Family Experience with the Transition to Virtual Family Feedback Sessions for Developmental Evaluations 通过过渡到虚拟家庭反馈会议来增强家庭经验以进行发展评估
Pub Date : 2023-09-22 DOI: 10.1007/s41347-023-00347-w
Brittany Bice-Urbach, Sarah Rysdyk
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引用次数: 0
Remote vs Face-to-face Interventions for Bulimia Nervosa and Binge-eating Disorder: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis 远程与面对面干预对神经性贪食症和暴食症的影响:系统回顾和荟萃分析
Pub Date : 2023-09-19 DOI: 10.1007/s41347-023-00345-y
Myrto T. Samara, Niki Michou, Aikaterini Argyrou, Elissavet Mathioudaki, Dimitra Rafailia Bakaloudi, Eirini Tsekitsidi, Zoi A. Polyzopoulou, Andreas S. Lappas, Nikos Christodoulou, Georgios Papazisis, Michail Chourdakis
Abstract Remote delivery of interventions (e.g., online sessions, telephone sessions, e-mails, SMS, applications) facilitate access to health care and might be an efficacious alternative to face to face treatments for bulimia nervosa (BN) and binge-eating disorder (BED). Telehealth has evolved rapidly in recent years, facilitating access to health care, as it seems to be more accessible among different groups of the population. In the light of the COVID-19 pandemic, we decided to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared remote versus face-to-face interventions for the treatment of BN and BED. We searched EMBASE, PubMed, CENTRAL, ClinicalTrials.gov, and WHO ICTRP and reference lists of relevant articles up to April, 2023. The primary outcomes were remission (defined as abstinence from binge/bulimic episodes for at least 2 weeks) and frequency of binge episodes. We also analyzed frequency of purging episodes, response, mean values of eating disorder psychopathology, depression, anxiety, and quality of life rating scales as well as drop-out rates and adverse effects. Six RCTs were identified with a total of 698 participants. Face-to-face interventions were found more effective than remote interventions in terms of remission (RR = 0.69, 95% CI 0.53 to 0.89, P = 0.004, 4 RCTs, N = 526), but the result was mainly driven by one study. No important differences were found in the remaining outcomes; nevertheless, most comparisons were underpowered. Few adverse effects were reported. Remote interventions demonstrated comparable efficacy to face-to-face interventions in treating BN and BED, providing effective and acceptable healthcare to patients who would otherwise go untreated. Nonetheless, to arrive at more definitive and secure conclusions, it is imperative that additional randomized controlled trials and robust real-world effectiveness studies, preferably with appropriate comparison groups, are conducted.
远程干预(例如,在线会议,电话会议,电子邮件,短信,应用程序)促进获得卫生保健,可能是一个有效的替代面对面治疗神经性贪食症(BN)和暴饮暴食症(BED)。近年来,远程保健发展迅速,促进了获得保健服务,因为不同人群似乎更容易获得保健服务。鉴于COVID-19大流行,我们决定对比较远程干预与面对面干预治疗BN和BED的随机对照试验(rct)进行系统回顾和荟萃分析。我们检索了EMBASE、PubMed、CENTRAL、ClinicalTrials.gov和WHO ICTRP以及截至2023年4月的相关文章的参考文献列表。主要结果是缓解(定义为从暴食/暴食发作中禁欲至少2周)和暴食发作的频率。我们还分析了排便发作的频率、反应、饮食失调精神病理、抑郁、焦虑和生活质量评定量表的平均值以及退学率和不良反应。6项随机对照试验共纳入698名受试者。面对面干预被发现在缓解方面比远程干预更有效(RR = 0.69, 95% CI 0.53 ~ 0.89, P = 0.004, 4个rct, N = 526),但结果主要是由一项研究驱动的。其余结果没有发现重大差异;然而,大多数比较都不够有力。几乎没有不良反应的报道。在治疗BN和BED方面,远程干预显示出与面对面干预相当的疗效,为不接受治疗的患者提供了有效和可接受的医疗保健。然而,为了得出更明确和可靠的结论,必须进行额外的随机对照试验和可靠的现实世界有效性研究,最好有适当的对照组。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluating the Accessibility of Mindfulness and Meditation Information Online: A Content Analysis Using the Federal Plain Language Guidelines 评估正念和冥想在线信息的可及性:使用联邦简单语言指南的内容分析
Pub Date : 2023-09-13 DOI: 10.1007/s41347-023-00341-2
Jenna M. Marx, Alyssa Miller
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引用次数: 0
Initial Examination of DAHLIA: A Fully-automated Internet Intervention for Women Survivors of Sexual Assault DAHLIA的初步检查:对性侵犯女性幸存者的全自动互联网干预
Pub Date : 2023-09-12 DOI: 10.1007/s41347-023-00342-1
Danielle R. Goodmann, Lisa M. Brown, Eduardo L. Bunge, Yan Leykin
Abstract Sexual assault is a common human rights violation that globally affects approximately 1 in 3 women (30%). Making interventions available via the internet can enhance the security, privacy, and accessibility of mental health resources. This pilot study evaluates utilization, perceived helpfulness, and initial efficacy of Digital Aid to Help Life Improve after Assault (DAHLIA), a fully automated internet-based microintervention website developed to help women improve mood and functioning. Sixty-eight individuals consented to take part in this study. Although most participants visited the website only once, the eight DAHLIA microinterventions were used 117 times. Participants rated the microinterventions as moderately useful; depression and anxiety were inversely related to the perception of usefulness ( p < .05). Microinterventions that were designed to offer immediate relief improved mood from before to after use more than the microinterventions requiring activities outside of the intervention ( p < .05). Both types of microinterventions were similarly effective for reducing distress from before to after using microinterventions. Our initial test of DAHLIA indicated an interest in such interventions along with their potential to improve mental well-being in the moment. This study also suggested areas for improvement and further development.
性侵犯是一种常见的侵犯人权行为,全球约有三分之一的女性(30%)受到性侵犯的影响。通过互联网提供干预措施可以增强精神卫生资源的安全性、隐私性和可及性。这项初步研究评估了数字援助的利用率、感知帮助和初步疗效,以帮助改善攻击后的生活(DAHLIA),这是一个全自动的基于互联网的微干预网站,旨在帮助女性改善情绪和功能。68个人同意参加这项研究。虽然大多数参与者只访问了一次网站,但8个DAHLIA微干预措施被使用了117次。参与者认为微干预适度有用;抑郁和焦虑与有用感呈负相关(p <. 05)。旨在提供即时缓解的微干预措施比需要干预外活动的微干预措施更能改善使用前后的情绪(p <. 05)。两种类型的微干预在使用微干预之前和之后都同样有效地减少了痛苦。我们对DAHLIA的初步测试表明了对这种干预的兴趣,以及它们在改善心理健康方面的潜力。本研究还提出了有待改进和进一步发展的领域。
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引用次数: 0
Relationship Between FoMO, Problematic Social Media Use, Self-esteem, Negative Affectivity, and Physical Exercise: A Structural Equation Model FoMO、问题社交媒体使用、自尊、消极情感与体育锻炼的关系:一个结构方程模型
Pub Date : 2023-09-09 DOI: 10.1007/s41347-023-00340-3
Anastasios Dadiotis, Petros Roussos
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引用次数: 0
Introduction to Evidence-Based Digital Interventions and Informatics Approaches to Service Delivery for Behavioral Health Populations 介绍基于证据的数字干预和信息学方法为行为健康人群提供服务
Pub Date : 2023-09-08 DOI: 10.1007/s41347-023-00338-x
D. Hilty, Shalini Ahuja, Bradford L. Felker, Taishiro Kishimoto, Elizabeth A. Krupinski
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引用次数: 0
The World Psychiatric Association Telepsychiatry Global Guidlines 世界精神病学协会远程精神病学全球指南
Pub Date : 2023-09-08 DOI: 10.1007/s41347-023-00339-w
D. Mucic, Jay Shore, D. Hilty
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引用次数: 1
期刊
Journal of technology in behavioral science
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