Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.1093/lifemeta/load029
J. T. Treebak
Strategies for effective entrainment of the circadian clock by external cues are continuously being refined to circumvent dysfunctional cellular metabolism that may cause metabolic disease. The efficacy of daytime-restricted feeding was recently investigated in mice and shown to dramatically improve exercise capacity through a mechanism involving Plin5.
{"title":"Sleep-time eating boosts exercise endurance","authors":"J. T. Treebak","doi":"10.1093/lifemeta/load029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/lifemeta/load029","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Strategies for effective entrainment of the circadian clock by external cues are continuously being refined to circumvent dysfunctional cellular metabolism that may cause metabolic disease. The efficacy of daytime-restricted feeding was recently investigated in mice and shown to dramatically improve exercise capacity through a mechanism involving Plin5.","PeriodicalId":74074,"journal":{"name":"Life metabolism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43228743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-28DOI: 10.1093/lifemeta/load028
Alessio Bevilacqua, Ping-Chih Ho, F. Franco
Aging represents an emerging challenge for public health due to the declined immune responses against pathogens, weakened vaccination efficacy, and disturbed tissue homeostasis. Metabolic alterations in cellular and systemic levels are also known to be cardinal features of aging. Moreover, cellular metabolism has emerged to provide regulations to guide immune cell behavior via modulations on signaling cascades and epigenetic landscape, and aberrant aging process in immune cells can lead to inflammaging, a chronic and low-grade inflammation that facilitates aging by perturbing homeostasis in tissues and organs. Here, we review how metabolic program in T cells is influenced by aging process and how aged T cells modulate inflammaging. In addition, we discuss the potential approaches to reverse or ameliorate aging by rewiring metabolic programming of immune cells.
{"title":"Metabolic reprogramming in inflammaging and aging in T cells","authors":"Alessio Bevilacqua, Ping-Chih Ho, F. Franco","doi":"10.1093/lifemeta/load028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/lifemeta/load028","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Aging represents an emerging challenge for public health due to the declined immune responses against pathogens, weakened vaccination efficacy, and disturbed tissue homeostasis. Metabolic alterations in cellular and systemic levels are also known to be cardinal features of aging. Moreover, cellular metabolism has emerged to provide regulations to guide immune cell behavior via modulations on signaling cascades and epigenetic landscape, and aberrant aging process in immune cells can lead to inflammaging, a chronic and low-grade inflammation that facilitates aging by perturbing homeostasis in tissues and organs. Here, we review how metabolic program in T cells is influenced by aging process and how aged T cells modulate inflammaging. In addition, we discuss the potential approaches to reverse or ameliorate aging by rewiring metabolic programming of immune cells.","PeriodicalId":74074,"journal":{"name":"Life metabolism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49423720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-18DOI: 10.1093/lifemeta/load026
D. Pretz, P. Heyward, J. Krebs, Joel Gruchot, Charles Barter, P. Silcock, Nerida Downes, M. Rizwan, Alisa Boucsein, Julia Bender, E. Burgess, G. A. Boer, Pramuk Keerthisinghe, N. Perry, A. Tups
Butein, a rare chalcone found in the toxic plant Toxicodendron vernicifluum, has been shown to regulate glucose homeostasis via inhibition of the nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit beta (IKKβ)/nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway in the brain. Here, we investigated whether the non-poisonous plant Dahlia pinnata could be a source of butein as a potential treatment for type 2 diabetes (T2D). In mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) to induce glucose intolerance, an oral D. pinnata petal extract improved glucose tolerance at doses of 3.3 mg/kg body weight and 10 mg/kg body weight. Surprisingly, this effect was not mediated by butein alone but by butein combined with the closely related flavonoids, sulfuretin and/or isoliquiritigenin. Mechanistically, the extract improved systemic insulin tolerance. Inhibition of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase to block insulin signalling in the brain abrogated the glucoregulatory effect of the orally administered extract. The extract reinstated central insulin signalling and normalized astrogliosis in the hypothalamus of HFD-fed mice. Using NF-κB reporter zebrafish to determine IKKβ/NF-κB activity, a potent anti-inflammatory action of the extract was found. A randomized controlled cross-over clinical trial on participants with prediabetes or T2D confirmed the safety and efficacy of the extract in humans. In conclusion, we identified an extract from flower petals of D. pinnata as a novel treatment option for T2D, potentially targeting the central regulation of glucose homeostasis as a root cause of the disease.
{"title":"A dahlia flower extract has anti-diabetic properties by improving insulin function in the brain","authors":"D. Pretz, P. Heyward, J. Krebs, Joel Gruchot, Charles Barter, P. Silcock, Nerida Downes, M. Rizwan, Alisa Boucsein, Julia Bender, E. Burgess, G. A. Boer, Pramuk Keerthisinghe, N. Perry, A. Tups","doi":"10.1093/lifemeta/load026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/lifemeta/load026","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Butein, a rare chalcone found in the toxic plant Toxicodendron vernicifluum, has been shown to regulate glucose homeostasis via inhibition of the nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit beta (IKKβ)/nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway in the brain. Here, we investigated whether the non-poisonous plant Dahlia pinnata could be a source of butein as a potential treatment for type 2 diabetes (T2D). In mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) to induce glucose intolerance, an oral D. pinnata petal extract improved glucose tolerance at doses of 3.3 mg/kg body weight and 10 mg/kg body weight. Surprisingly, this effect was not mediated by butein alone but by butein combined with the closely related flavonoids, sulfuretin and/or isoliquiritigenin. Mechanistically, the extract improved systemic insulin tolerance. Inhibition of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase to block insulin signalling in the brain abrogated the glucoregulatory effect of the orally administered extract. The extract reinstated central insulin signalling and normalized astrogliosis in the hypothalamus of HFD-fed mice. Using NF-κB reporter zebrafish to determine IKKβ/NF-κB activity, a potent anti-inflammatory action of the extract was found. A randomized controlled cross-over clinical trial on participants with prediabetes or T2D confirmed the safety and efficacy of the extract in humans. In conclusion, we identified an extract from flower petals of D. pinnata as a novel treatment option for T2D, potentially targeting the central regulation of glucose homeostasis as a root cause of the disease.","PeriodicalId":74074,"journal":{"name":"Life metabolism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48373127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-16DOI: 10.1093/lifemeta/load023
{"title":"Correction to: Intergenerational hyperglycemia through epigenetic alterations of gametes","authors":"","doi":"10.1093/lifemeta/load023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/lifemeta/load023","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74074,"journal":{"name":"Life metabolism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48490941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-06DOI: 10.1093/lifemeta/load022
Mengxue Sun, Yongwen Wan, Mengjie Shi, Z. Meng, W. Zeng
Efficient communication between the brain and peripheral organs is indispensable for regulating physiological function and maintaining energy homeostasis. The peripheral nervous system (PNS) in vertebrates, consisting of the autonomic and somatic nervous systems, bridges the peripheral organs and the central nervous system (CNS). Metabolic signals are processed by both vagal sensory nerves and somatosensory nerves. The CNS receives sensory inputs via ascending nerves, serves as the coordination and integration center, and subsequently controls internal organs and glands via descending nerves. The autonomic nervous system consists of sympathetic and parasympathetic branches that project peripheral nerves into various anatomical locations to regulate the energy balance. Sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves typically control the reflexive and involuntary functions in organs. In this review article, we outline the innervation of adipose tissue, gut, pancreas, and liver, to illustrate the neurobiological basis of central–peripheral interactions. We emphasize the importance of understanding the functional atlas of neural control of energy metabolism, and more importantly, provide potential avenues for further research in this area.
{"title":"Neural innervation in adipose tissue, gut, pancreas, and liver","authors":"Mengxue Sun, Yongwen Wan, Mengjie Shi, Z. Meng, W. Zeng","doi":"10.1093/lifemeta/load022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/lifemeta/load022","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Efficient communication between the brain and peripheral organs is indispensable for regulating physiological function and maintaining energy homeostasis. The peripheral nervous system (PNS) in vertebrates, consisting of the autonomic and somatic nervous systems, bridges the peripheral organs and the central nervous system (CNS). Metabolic signals are processed by both vagal sensory nerves and somatosensory nerves. The CNS receives sensory inputs via ascending nerves, serves as the coordination and integration center, and subsequently controls internal organs and glands via descending nerves. The autonomic nervous system consists of sympathetic and parasympathetic branches that project peripheral nerves into various anatomical locations to regulate the energy balance. Sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves typically control the reflexive and involuntary functions in organs. In this review article, we outline the innervation of adipose tissue, gut, pancreas, and liver, to illustrate the neurobiological basis of central–peripheral interactions. We emphasize the importance of understanding the functional atlas of neural control of energy metabolism, and more importantly, provide potential avenues for further research in this area.","PeriodicalId":74074,"journal":{"name":"Life metabolism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42796665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.1093/lifemeta/load013
Kevin C Klatt, Kevin Bass, John R Speakman, Kevin D Hall
Diet plays a substantial role in the etiology, progression, and treatment of chronic disease and is best considered as a multifaceted set of modifiable input variables with pleiotropic effects on a variety of biological pathways spanning multiple organ systems. This brief review discusses key issues related to the design and conduct of diet interventions in rodent models of metabolic disease and their implications for interpreting experiments. We also make specific recommendations to improve rodent diet studies to help better understand the role of diet on metabolic physiology and thereby improve our understanding of metabolic disease.
{"title":"Chowing down: diet considerations in rodent models of metabolic disease.","authors":"Kevin C Klatt, Kevin Bass, John R Speakman, Kevin D Hall","doi":"10.1093/lifemeta/load013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/lifemeta/load013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diet plays a substantial role in the etiology, progression, and treatment of chronic disease and is best considered as a multifaceted set of modifiable input variables with pleiotropic effects on a variety of biological pathways spanning multiple organ systems. This brief review discusses key issues related to the design and conduct of diet interventions in rodent models of metabolic disease and their implications for interpreting experiments. We also make specific recommendations to improve rodent diet studies to help better understand the role of diet on metabolic physiology and thereby improve our understanding of metabolic disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":74074,"journal":{"name":"Life metabolism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10361708/pdf/nihms-1901420.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9867642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-24DOI: 10.1093/lifemeta/load020
Shiyu Liu, J. Locasale
Measurements of metabolic reactions under physiological conditions has been a challenging problem. In a recent issue of Nature, Bartman et al. designed an isotope-labeling-based method to measure tricarboxylic acid (TCA) fluxes in normal tissue and tumors in mice. The method revealed that primary tumors exhibit lower TCA fluxes compared with normal tissue, consistent with current knowledge. They also found that solid tumors generally exhibit lower energy production rates.
{"title":"TCA flux measurements in the tumors of mice","authors":"Shiyu Liu, J. Locasale","doi":"10.1093/lifemeta/load020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/lifemeta/load020","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Measurements of metabolic reactions under physiological conditions has been a challenging problem. In a recent issue of Nature, Bartman et al. designed an isotope-labeling-based method to measure tricarboxylic acid (TCA) fluxes in normal tissue and tumors in mice. The method revealed that primary tumors exhibit lower TCA fluxes compared with normal tissue, consistent with current knowledge. They also found that solid tumors generally exhibit lower energy production rates.","PeriodicalId":74074,"journal":{"name":"Life metabolism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46030334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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