Pub Date : 2022-09-26DOI: 10.1097/FM9.0000000000000173
A. Van Grambezen, P. Steenhaut, B. van Grambezen, F. Debiève, P. Bernard, C. Hubinont
Abstract The rate of twin pregnancies has increased over the last decades, largely because of the ongoing development of assisted reproductive technology and increased maternal age at childbearing. Twins have a higher risk of adverse outcomes during pregnancy and the perinatal period. The prevalence of umbilical cord abnormalities is higher for twin pregnancies compared with singleton pregnancies. Some of these abnormalities are nonspecific to twinning and can also be found in singleton gestations (such as velamentous cord insertion, vasa previa, and single umbilical artery). Other abnormalities are associated with monochorionic twins, such as umbilical cord entanglement, and umbilical proximate cord insertion. Most of these abnormalities can be detected by ultrasound evaluation. The early and accurate ultrasound diagnosis of chorionicity, amnionicity, and placental and umbilical cord characteristics is crucial if we are to predict the risk of complications and to determine the best management for twin pregnancies. Histopathological examination of the placenta and umbilical cord after delivery can help to confirm prenatal diagnosis and to provide a better understanding of the physiopathology of their abnormalities. The aim of this review was to emphasize the role that the umbilical cord plays in twin complications and to describe the management of these high-risk pregnancies.
{"title":"The Umbilical Cord and Complications of Twin Gestations","authors":"A. Van Grambezen, P. Steenhaut, B. van Grambezen, F. Debiève, P. Bernard, C. Hubinont","doi":"10.1097/FM9.0000000000000173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/FM9.0000000000000173","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The rate of twin pregnancies has increased over the last decades, largely because of the ongoing development of assisted reproductive technology and increased maternal age at childbearing. Twins have a higher risk of adverse outcomes during pregnancy and the perinatal period. The prevalence of umbilical cord abnormalities is higher for twin pregnancies compared with singleton pregnancies. Some of these abnormalities are nonspecific to twinning and can also be found in singleton gestations (such as velamentous cord insertion, vasa previa, and single umbilical artery). Other abnormalities are associated with monochorionic twins, such as umbilical cord entanglement, and umbilical proximate cord insertion. Most of these abnormalities can be detected by ultrasound evaluation. The early and accurate ultrasound diagnosis of chorionicity, amnionicity, and placental and umbilical cord characteristics is crucial if we are to predict the risk of complications and to determine the best management for twin pregnancies. Histopathological examination of the placenta and umbilical cord after delivery can help to confirm prenatal diagnosis and to provide a better understanding of the physiopathology of their abnormalities. The aim of this review was to emphasize the role that the umbilical cord plays in twin complications and to describe the management of these high-risk pregnancies.","PeriodicalId":74121,"journal":{"name":"Maternal-fetal medicine (Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.)","volume":"4 1","pages":"276 - 285"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44590771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-26DOI: 10.1097/FM9.0000000000000165
Ioanna Papadimitriou, Artemis Apostolou, A. Vakis, C. Tsitsipanis
To editor: Spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma (SSEH) is uncommon, especially during pregnancy.However, SSEH is a serious emergency that must be managed immediately to prevent permanent neurological deficit of the mother and stillbirth. The etiology and pathogenesis of SEEH remain unknown, although multiple theories and precipitating factors are described in the literature. In this report, we describe the case of a pregnant female who developed SSEH. The patient provided written and informed consent for the publication of her clinical information and associated images. Here, we report a case of a 24-year-old woman at 31weeks of gestational age, with a known factor S deficiency and positive lupus anticoagulant that was being treated with lowmolecularweight heparin (LMWH). It is possible that this treatment could have caused the hemorrhage. In addition, the patient reported a 10-day history of numbness and pain in her back, breasts and lower limbs. No history of trauma was reported. The patient presented with acute (12-hour) paraplegia and an magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan was immediately conducted in the local hospital, revealing acute hemorrhage in the dorsal epidural space at the T1–T3 level (Figs. 1, 2). Corticosteroids were administered, and the patient was transferred via helicopter to our emergency department, where a neurological assessment revealed impaired strength in both lower limbs (right: 3/5, left: 1/5), aswell as a loss of light touch. Cardiotocography and abdominal ultrasound revealed bradycardia with a median pulse of approximately 98 bpm on
{"title":"Spontaneous Thoracic Spinal Epidural Hematoma During Pregnancy","authors":"Ioanna Papadimitriou, Artemis Apostolou, A. Vakis, C. Tsitsipanis","doi":"10.1097/FM9.0000000000000165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/FM9.0000000000000165","url":null,"abstract":"To editor: Spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma (SSEH) is uncommon, especially during pregnancy.However, SSEH is a serious emergency that must be managed immediately to prevent permanent neurological deficit of the mother and stillbirth. The etiology and pathogenesis of SEEH remain unknown, although multiple theories and precipitating factors are described in the literature. In this report, we describe the case of a pregnant female who developed SSEH. The patient provided written and informed consent for the publication of her clinical information and associated images. Here, we report a case of a 24-year-old woman at 31weeks of gestational age, with a known factor S deficiency and positive lupus anticoagulant that was being treated with lowmolecularweight heparin (LMWH). It is possible that this treatment could have caused the hemorrhage. In addition, the patient reported a 10-day history of numbness and pain in her back, breasts and lower limbs. No history of trauma was reported. The patient presented with acute (12-hour) paraplegia and an magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan was immediately conducted in the local hospital, revealing acute hemorrhage in the dorsal epidural space at the T1–T3 level (Figs. 1, 2). Corticosteroids were administered, and the patient was transferred via helicopter to our emergency department, where a neurological assessment revealed impaired strength in both lower limbs (right: 3/5, left: 1/5), aswell as a loss of light touch. Cardiotocography and abdominal ultrasound revealed bradycardia with a median pulse of approximately 98 bpm on","PeriodicalId":74121,"journal":{"name":"Maternal-fetal medicine (Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.)","volume":"5 1","pages":"54 - 57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47585383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-24DOI: 10.1097/FM9.0000000000000172
X. Ye, Jiayan Wang, Jing Lu, Nan Li, Wenping Ding, Yuxia Fu, Min Chen
Abstract Twin reversed arterial perfusion sequence, a severe and unique complication of monochorionic multiple pregnancy, is characterized by vascular anastomosis and abnormal or absent cardiac development in the twins. This article reviewed its pathogenesis, prenatal ultrasound diagnosis, and management. The pump twin’s chances for survival can be maximized by proper management. The optimal timing of the interventions remains a debate, although the latest studies encourage early intervention, i.e., in the first trimester. The most preferred approach is to interrupt the vascular supply to the acardius, such as through ultrasound-guided laser coagulation and radiofrequency ablation of the intrafetal vessels.
{"title":"Twin Reversed Arterial Perfusion Sequence: Prenatal Diagnosis and Treatment","authors":"X. Ye, Jiayan Wang, Jing Lu, Nan Li, Wenping Ding, Yuxia Fu, Min Chen","doi":"10.1097/FM9.0000000000000172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/FM9.0000000000000172","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Twin reversed arterial perfusion sequence, a severe and unique complication of monochorionic multiple pregnancy, is characterized by vascular anastomosis and abnormal or absent cardiac development in the twins. This article reviewed its pathogenesis, prenatal ultrasound diagnosis, and management. The pump twin’s chances for survival can be maximized by proper management. The optimal timing of the interventions remains a debate, although the latest studies encourage early intervention, i.e., in the first trimester. The most preferred approach is to interrupt the vascular supply to the acardius, such as through ultrasound-guided laser coagulation and radiofrequency ablation of the intrafetal vessels.","PeriodicalId":74121,"journal":{"name":"Maternal-fetal medicine (Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.)","volume":"4 1","pages":"262 - 267"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42361064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-24eCollection Date: 2022-10-01DOI: 10.1097/FM9.0000000000000155
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1097/FM9.0000000000000092.].
[此处更正了文章 DOI：10.1097/FM9.0000000000000092]。
{"title":"Erratum: Perinatal Management and Outcomes of Pregnancy Following Sheehan Syndrome: A Case Report and Literature Review: Erratum.","authors":"","doi":"10.1097/FM9.0000000000000155","DOIUrl":"10.1097/FM9.0000000000000155","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1097/FM9.0000000000000092.].</p>","PeriodicalId":74121,"journal":{"name":"Maternal-fetal medicine (Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.)","volume":"4 4","pages":"254"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/29/e6/mfm-4-254.PMC9612679.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40671103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-21DOI: 10.1097/FM9.0000000000000171
A Mazer Zumaeta, M. Gil, M. Rodríguez-Fernández, P. Carretero, J. Ochoa, María Cristina Casanova, F. Molina
Abstract Selective fetal growth restriction (sFGR) is a severe condition that complicates 10% to 15% of all monochorionic diamniotic (MCDA) twin pregnancies. Pregnancies complicated with sFGR are at high risk of intrauterine demise or adverse perinatal outcome for the twins. Three clinical types have been described according to the umbilical artery (UA) Doppler pattern observed in the smaller twin: type I, when the UA Doppler is normal; type II, when there is persistent absent or reversed end-diastolic blood flow in the UA Doppler; and type III, when there is intermittent absent and/or reversed end-diastolic blood flow in the UA Doppler. Clinical evolution and management options mainly depend on the type of sFGR. Type I is usually associated with a good prognosis and is managed conservatively. There is no consensus on the management of types II and III, but in earlier and more severe presentations, fetal interventions such as selective laser photocoagulation of placental anastomoses or selective fetal cord occlusion of the smaller twin may be considered. This review aims to provide updated information about the diagnosis, evaluation, follow-up, and management of sFGR in MCDA twin pregnancies.
{"title":"Selective Fetal Growth Restriction in Monochorionic Diamniotic Twins: Diagnosis and Management","authors":"A Mazer Zumaeta, M. Gil, M. Rodríguez-Fernández, P. Carretero, J. Ochoa, María Cristina Casanova, F. Molina","doi":"10.1097/FM9.0000000000000171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/FM9.0000000000000171","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Selective fetal growth restriction (sFGR) is a severe condition that complicates 10% to 15% of all monochorionic diamniotic (MCDA) twin pregnancies. Pregnancies complicated with sFGR are at high risk of intrauterine demise or adverse perinatal outcome for the twins. Three clinical types have been described according to the umbilical artery (UA) Doppler pattern observed in the smaller twin: type I, when the UA Doppler is normal; type II, when there is persistent absent or reversed end-diastolic blood flow in the UA Doppler; and type III, when there is intermittent absent and/or reversed end-diastolic blood flow in the UA Doppler. Clinical evolution and management options mainly depend on the type of sFGR. Type I is usually associated with a good prognosis and is managed conservatively. There is no consensus on the management of types II and III, but in earlier and more severe presentations, fetal interventions such as selective laser photocoagulation of placental anastomoses or selective fetal cord occlusion of the smaller twin may be considered. This review aims to provide updated information about the diagnosis, evaluation, follow-up, and management of sFGR in MCDA twin pregnancies.","PeriodicalId":74121,"journal":{"name":"Maternal-fetal medicine (Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.)","volume":"4 1","pages":"268 - 275"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46663089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-15DOI: 10.1097/FM9.0000000000000170
Jingyu Liu, Q. Liu, Jin-hui Zhao, Dan Li, Yi Zhou
Abstract The rate of multiple pregnancy is increasing, mainly because of the widespread use of assisted reproduction techniques and families’ desire for twins. Twin pregnancy accounts for a higher risk of chromosomal abnormalities, structural malformations, and neonatal adverse events than singleton pregnancy. The presence of artery-vein anastomoses, unbalanced placenta sharing, and abnormal cord insertion in monochorionic twins is associated with twin complications such as twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome, selective intrauterine growth restriction, and twin anemia polycythemia sequence. Although many guidelines and studies have established and improved the processes about the antenatal surveillance and management of twin pregnancy, they also raise more controversies and challenges. This review aims to highlight the international consensus on the antenatal care of twin pregnancies and analyze the controversies and predicaments based on the published International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics guidelines and research.
{"title":"The Controversies and Challenges in the Management of Twin Pregnancy: From the Perspective of International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics Guidelines","authors":"Jingyu Liu, Q. Liu, Jin-hui Zhao, Dan Li, Yi Zhou","doi":"10.1097/FM9.0000000000000170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/FM9.0000000000000170","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The rate of multiple pregnancy is increasing, mainly because of the widespread use of assisted reproduction techniques and families’ desire for twins. Twin pregnancy accounts for a higher risk of chromosomal abnormalities, structural malformations, and neonatal adverse events than singleton pregnancy. The presence of artery-vein anastomoses, unbalanced placenta sharing, and abnormal cord insertion in monochorionic twins is associated with twin complications such as twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome, selective intrauterine growth restriction, and twin anemia polycythemia sequence. Although many guidelines and studies have established and improved the processes about the antenatal surveillance and management of twin pregnancy, they also raise more controversies and challenges. This review aims to highlight the international consensus on the antenatal care of twin pregnancies and analyze the controversies and predicaments based on the published International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics guidelines and research.","PeriodicalId":74121,"journal":{"name":"Maternal-fetal medicine (Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.)","volume":"4 1","pages":"255 - 261"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49435366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-14DOI: 10.1097/fm9.0000000000000168
Yi Yu, Lirong Teng, Juntao Liu, Xinyan Liu, P. Peng, Qian Zhou, Congcong Liu
{"title":"Pregnancy Complicated With a Giant Pancreatic Tumor and Decompensation of Liver Cirrhosis: A Case Report and Literature Review","authors":"Yi Yu, Lirong Teng, Juntao Liu, Xinyan Liu, P. Peng, Qian Zhou, Congcong Liu","doi":"10.1097/fm9.0000000000000168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/fm9.0000000000000168","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74121,"journal":{"name":"Maternal-fetal medicine (Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46120879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-12DOI: 10.1097/fm9.0000000000000166
Chen Wang, Hui-lin Yang
{"title":"Highlights from the International Twins Congress 2021","authors":"Chen Wang, Hui-lin Yang","doi":"10.1097/fm9.0000000000000166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/fm9.0000000000000166","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74121,"journal":{"name":"Maternal-fetal medicine (Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46000356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-08DOI: 10.1097/FM9.0000000000000163
Pingshan Pan, D. Huang, Lu Tang, Zuojian Yang, Gui-chan Qin, Hongwei Wei
Abstract Objective The aim of the study was to investigate the pregnancy outcomes and possible influencing factors concerning complicated monochorionic (MC) multiple pregnancies undergoing selective fetal reduction using radiofrequency ablation (RFA). Methods This retrospective cohort study included 54 women with complicated MC multiple pregnancy who underwent selective fetal reduction using RFA at the Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region from January 2015 to March 2020. According to the indications for RFA, the 54 women were divided into three groups: complex complications (n = 30), structural anomalies (n = 18), and triplet pregnancy (n = 6). According to the gestational age for RFA, all patients were divided into three groups: 16–19+6 weeks (n = 17), 20–23+6 weeks (n = 17), and 24–26+6 weeks (n = 20). We analyzed the pregnancy outcomes (including the overall survival rate (OSR), gestational age at delivery, birth weight of newborns) and postoperative complications such as miscarriage, and intrauterine fetal death (IUFD) according to the indications and gestational age of reduction by using suitable statistical testing. Results The OSR was 83.3% (45/54). The mean ± standard deviation (SD) of gestation at the time of reduction was 21.6 ± 3.2 weeks. The GA at delivery was 34.0(32.0,37.5) weeks. The mean ± SD of newborns’ birth weight was 2118 ± 685 g. The overall rates of miscarriage, PROM, and IUFD were 9.3% (5/54), 7.4% (4/54), and 7.4% (4/54), respectively. According to the indications for reduction, the OSR for complex complications, structural anomalies, and triplet pregnancy groups were 83.3% (25/30), 83.3% (15/18), and 83.3% (5/6), respectively. Statistically significant differences were only found in the mean birth weight among the three groups (P < 0.05). No significant difference was found in the rate of miscarriage, and mean gestation at delivery among the three groups (P > 0.05). In the group with complex complications, the OSR of twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome, selective intrauterine growth restriction, twin reversed arterial perfusion sequence, and twin anemia polycythemia sequence were 66.7% (6/9), 93.3% (14/15), 80.0% (4/5), and 100.0% (1/1), respectively, with no significant difference among these groups (P > 0.05). According to the gestational age of reduction, the OSRs among the three groups were 82.4% (14/17), 76.5% (13/17), and 90.0% (18/20), respectively, and the rate of miscarriage, IUFD, and mean gestation age at delivery among these groups showed no significant difference (P > 0.05). Conclusion Selective fetal reduction by RFA is an important treatment method for complicated MC multiple pregnancy, although it may lead to complications like miscarriage, and IUFD. The indication of reduction seems to affect the pregnancy outcome. An optimal treatment plan should be selected according to the patient’s conditions in clinical practice.
{"title":"Application and Influencing Factors of Radiofrequency Ablation in Monochorionic Pregnancy","authors":"Pingshan Pan, D. Huang, Lu Tang, Zuojian Yang, Gui-chan Qin, Hongwei Wei","doi":"10.1097/FM9.0000000000000163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/FM9.0000000000000163","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objective The aim of the study was to investigate the pregnancy outcomes and possible influencing factors concerning complicated monochorionic (MC) multiple pregnancies undergoing selective fetal reduction using radiofrequency ablation (RFA). Methods This retrospective cohort study included 54 women with complicated MC multiple pregnancy who underwent selective fetal reduction using RFA at the Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region from January 2015 to March 2020. According to the indications for RFA, the 54 women were divided into three groups: complex complications (n = 30), structural anomalies (n = 18), and triplet pregnancy (n = 6). According to the gestational age for RFA, all patients were divided into three groups: 16–19+6 weeks (n = 17), 20–23+6 weeks (n = 17), and 24–26+6 weeks (n = 20). We analyzed the pregnancy outcomes (including the overall survival rate (OSR), gestational age at delivery, birth weight of newborns) and postoperative complications such as miscarriage, and intrauterine fetal death (IUFD) according to the indications and gestational age of reduction by using suitable statistical testing. Results The OSR was 83.3% (45/54). The mean ± standard deviation (SD) of gestation at the time of reduction was 21.6 ± 3.2 weeks. The GA at delivery was 34.0(32.0,37.5) weeks. The mean ± SD of newborns’ birth weight was 2118 ± 685 g. The overall rates of miscarriage, PROM, and IUFD were 9.3% (5/54), 7.4% (4/54), and 7.4% (4/54), respectively. According to the indications for reduction, the OSR for complex complications, structural anomalies, and triplet pregnancy groups were 83.3% (25/30), 83.3% (15/18), and 83.3% (5/6), respectively. Statistically significant differences were only found in the mean birth weight among the three groups (P < 0.05). No significant difference was found in the rate of miscarriage, and mean gestation at delivery among the three groups (P > 0.05). In the group with complex complications, the OSR of twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome, selective intrauterine growth restriction, twin reversed arterial perfusion sequence, and twin anemia polycythemia sequence were 66.7% (6/9), 93.3% (14/15), 80.0% (4/5), and 100.0% (1/1), respectively, with no significant difference among these groups (P > 0.05). According to the gestational age of reduction, the OSRs among the three groups were 82.4% (14/17), 76.5% (13/17), and 90.0% (18/20), respectively, and the rate of miscarriage, IUFD, and mean gestation age at delivery among these groups showed no significant difference (P > 0.05). Conclusion Selective fetal reduction by RFA is an important treatment method for complicated MC multiple pregnancy, although it may lead to complications like miscarriage, and IUFD. The indication of reduction seems to affect the pregnancy outcome. An optimal treatment plan should be selected according to the patient’s conditions in clinical practice.","PeriodicalId":74121,"journal":{"name":"Maternal-fetal medicine (Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.)","volume":"4 1","pages":"245 - 250"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45646108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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