Pub Date : 2023-10-16DOI: 10.1186/s12301-023-00386-y
Wafaa Moustafa, Soheir Abouelella, Maha Tawfik, Mai Abuelyazeed, Fouad Zanaty
Abstract Background To study hypospadias as regard epidemiological risk factors and genetic association with mutations in Steroid 5 alpha reductase type 2 genes. Materials This study was conducted on two groups; the first group included 50 male children with hypospadias and the other group included 50 male healthy children as a matched control. All patients and controls were subjected to detailed history, physical examination and molecular study of 5-alpha-reductase gene polymorphisms (V89L and G34R). Results Mean age in hypospadias group was 3.28 ± 2.87 years. The most common type of hypospadias was the glanular type in 19 children (38%). Higher maternal and paternal age, consanguinity, rural residence and preterm labor carry significant epidemiological risk factors for hypospadias. According to genetic study, all healthy children carried the wild valine residue (VV) genotype, while only 44% of hypospadias cases carried the wild VV genotype and 56% carried the mutant L allele (homozygote for leucine residue and heterozygote for both valine and leucine (VL)) with high significant p value ( p < 0.001). For Allele Specific—polymerase chain reaction for glycine to arginine (G34R) mutation detection in the 5 alpha reductase type 2 gene, hypospadias children had significantly higher frequency of heterozygous GR genotype than healthy controls. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that mother age and rural residence were the most independent predictors for hypospadias. Conclusions V89L and G34R Steroid 5 alpha reductase type 2 gene polymorphisms, higher maternal and paternal age, consanguinity, rural residence and preterm labor carry significant risk factors for hypospadias. On multivariate logistic regression, mother age and rural residence are the most independent predictors for hypospadias.
{"title":"Genetic and other epidemiological risk factors of infants and children with hypospadias: a case control study","authors":"Wafaa Moustafa, Soheir Abouelella, Maha Tawfik, Mai Abuelyazeed, Fouad Zanaty","doi":"10.1186/s12301-023-00386-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12301-023-00386-y","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background To study hypospadias as regard epidemiological risk factors and genetic association with mutations in Steroid 5 alpha reductase type 2 genes. Materials This study was conducted on two groups; the first group included 50 male children with hypospadias and the other group included 50 male healthy children as a matched control. All patients and controls were subjected to detailed history, physical examination and molecular study of 5-alpha-reductase gene polymorphisms (V89L and G34R). Results Mean age in hypospadias group was 3.28 ± 2.87 years. The most common type of hypospadias was the glanular type in 19 children (38%). Higher maternal and paternal age, consanguinity, rural residence and preterm labor carry significant epidemiological risk factors for hypospadias. According to genetic study, all healthy children carried the wild valine residue (VV) genotype, while only 44% of hypospadias cases carried the wild VV genotype and 56% carried the mutant L allele (homozygote for leucine residue and heterozygote for both valine and leucine (VL)) with high significant p value ( p < 0.001). For Allele Specific—polymerase chain reaction for glycine to arginine (G34R) mutation detection in the 5 alpha reductase type 2 gene, hypospadias children had significantly higher frequency of heterozygous GR genotype than healthy controls. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that mother age and rural residence were the most independent predictors for hypospadias. Conclusions V89L and G34R Steroid 5 alpha reductase type 2 gene polymorphisms, higher maternal and paternal age, consanguinity, rural residence and preterm labor carry significant risk factors for hypospadias. On multivariate logistic regression, mother age and rural residence are the most independent predictors for hypospadias.","PeriodicalId":7432,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Urology","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136114123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-16DOI: 10.1186/s12301-023-00387-x
B. Guliev, B. Komyakov, J. Avazkhanov, M. Shevnin
Abstract Background Currently, strictures of the ureters often develop after endourology of the upper urinary tract, gynecological, and surgical interventions. For long proximal ureteral strictures, ureteroplasty with an on-lay appendix flap may be an option for treatment. Case presentation Five patients had laparoscopic onlay appendicoureteroplastic for long right ureter strictures. The average age of the patients was 42.5 years old. Four patients developed a stricture after transurethral contact ureterolithotripsy; one patient had it after laparoscopic ureterolysis. The average stricture length was 3.5 (2.8–5.2) cm. The length of the stricture was controlled, including using near-infrared fluorescence imaging. With an average observation time of 14.6 (6.2–28.4) months, the operation was effective in all patients. The urodynamics of the upper urinary tract recovered completely in three patients and comparatively improved in two patients. All of the patients stopped feeling any pain. The observed patients were saved from external and internal drainage. Conclusions Laparoscopic onlay ureteroplasty with an appendix in a selected group of patients may be the method of choice for long strictures of the middle and upper parts of the right ureter.
{"title":"Laparoscopic ureteroplasty using onlay appendix flap: a case series","authors":"B. Guliev, B. Komyakov, J. Avazkhanov, M. Shevnin","doi":"10.1186/s12301-023-00387-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12301-023-00387-x","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background Currently, strictures of the ureters often develop after endourology of the upper urinary tract, gynecological, and surgical interventions. For long proximal ureteral strictures, ureteroplasty with an on-lay appendix flap may be an option for treatment. Case presentation Five patients had laparoscopic onlay appendicoureteroplastic for long right ureter strictures. The average age of the patients was 42.5 years old. Four patients developed a stricture after transurethral contact ureterolithotripsy; one patient had it after laparoscopic ureterolysis. The average stricture length was 3.5 (2.8–5.2) cm. The length of the stricture was controlled, including using near-infrared fluorescence imaging. With an average observation time of 14.6 (6.2–28.4) months, the operation was effective in all patients. The urodynamics of the upper urinary tract recovered completely in three patients and comparatively improved in two patients. All of the patients stopped feeling any pain. The observed patients were saved from external and internal drainage. Conclusions Laparoscopic onlay ureteroplasty with an appendix in a selected group of patients may be the method of choice for long strictures of the middle and upper parts of the right ureter.","PeriodicalId":7432,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Urology","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136114126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Background Intravesical BCG injections are administered following transurethral resection of the superficial bladder tumor in order to increase the success rate and decrease the risk of tumor recurrence. BCG therapy has been examined extensively in terms of dosage and injection time intervals to determine its effectiveness. However, no study has yet been conducted to compare the two qualitatively different methods of administering BCG (Rotisserie and non-Rotisserie). Methods This study included 30 patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder TCC, whose tumor stage was Ta or T1. Two groups of 15 patients were randomly selected. The first intravesical injection of BCG was administered 2 weeks following transurethral resection of the bladder tumor and then continued as the maintenance treatment. But, in one group, the injection was done by Rotisserie method, and in the other group, non-Rotisserie method was performed. Then, the patients underwent periodic follow-up by cystoscopy to determine if recurrences had occurred. Results A total of 23 participants (76.66%) were males, while seven patients (23.34%) were females. There were 20 participants (66.66%) with tumors in the Ta stage and ten participants (33.34%) with tumors in the T1 stage. There were 22 patients (73.3%) with low-grade tumors and eight (26.7%) with high-grade tumors. Five participants (16.66%) experienced tumor recurrence during the study, three of whom were in the Rotisserie group and two in the Non-Rotisserie group. In terms of preventing tumor recurrence, there were no significant differences between Rotisserie and non-Rotisserie methods ( P value = 0.6). Conclusion Due to the lack of significant difference in the rate of tumor recurrence between the two methods of intravesical BCG injection (Rotisserie and non-Rotisserie), it is not necessary to rotate the patients after BCG injection. This will also allow patients to be discharged from the hospital earlier and reduce the likelihood of complications.
{"title":"Comparison of the efficacy of BCG intravesical immunotherapy using the conventional Rotisserie method with the non-Rotisserie method","authors":"Mohammad Kazem Hariri, Mohammad-Bagher Rajabalian, Behzad Narouie, Saeed rohollahpour, Ghasem Rostami, Mohadese Ahmadzade","doi":"10.1186/s12301-023-00375-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12301-023-00375-1","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background Intravesical BCG injections are administered following transurethral resection of the superficial bladder tumor in order to increase the success rate and decrease the risk of tumor recurrence. BCG therapy has been examined extensively in terms of dosage and injection time intervals to determine its effectiveness. However, no study has yet been conducted to compare the two qualitatively different methods of administering BCG (Rotisserie and non-Rotisserie). Methods This study included 30 patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder TCC, whose tumor stage was Ta or T1. Two groups of 15 patients were randomly selected. The first intravesical injection of BCG was administered 2 weeks following transurethral resection of the bladder tumor and then continued as the maintenance treatment. But, in one group, the injection was done by Rotisserie method, and in the other group, non-Rotisserie method was performed. Then, the patients underwent periodic follow-up by cystoscopy to determine if recurrences had occurred. Results A total of 23 participants (76.66%) were males, while seven patients (23.34%) were females. There were 20 participants (66.66%) with tumors in the Ta stage and ten participants (33.34%) with tumors in the T1 stage. There were 22 patients (73.3%) with low-grade tumors and eight (26.7%) with high-grade tumors. Five participants (16.66%) experienced tumor recurrence during the study, three of whom were in the Rotisserie group and two in the Non-Rotisserie group. In terms of preventing tumor recurrence, there were no significant differences between Rotisserie and non-Rotisserie methods ( P value = 0.6). Conclusion Due to the lack of significant difference in the rate of tumor recurrence between the two methods of intravesical BCG injection (Rotisserie and non-Rotisserie), it is not necessary to rotate the patients after BCG injection. This will also allow patients to be discharged from the hospital earlier and reduce the likelihood of complications.","PeriodicalId":7432,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Urology","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135969431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Background Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and pelvic organ prolapse (POP) commonly coexist as global problems that affect the quality of life of millions of women. The study aimed to identify the risk factors of stress urinary incontinence in pelvic organ prolapse patients. Main body A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted in Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus based on the PRISMA flowchart. The quality of the study was assessed using Newcastle–Ottawa Scale and data were collected on a modified table from The Cochrane Library. Meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.4. Seven hundred forty studies were found that matched the keywords. After the screening, 16 studies met the inclusion and exclusion criteria with a total of 47.615 participants with pelvic organ prolapse. A total of 27 risk factors were found in this review. History of hysterectomy (OR = 2.01; 95% CI 1.22–3.33; p = 0.007), obesity (OR = 1.15; 95% CI 1.02–1.29; p = 0.02), and diabetes mellitus (OR = 1.85; 95% CI 1.06–3.23; p = 0.03) were shown to be risk factor of stress urinary incontinence in pelvic organ prolapse patients. Conclusions History of hysterectomy, obesity, and diabetes mellitus were found to be the risk factors of stress urinary incontinence in pelvic organ prolapse patients.
背景压力性尿失禁(SUI)和盆腔器官脱垂(POP)作为影响数百万女性生活质量的全球性问题普遍共存。本研究旨在探讨盆腔器官脱垂患者压力性尿失禁的危险因素。基于PRISMA流程图对Web of Science、PubMed和Scopus进行系统回顾和meta分析。本研究的质量采用纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表进行评估，数据收集自Cochrane图书馆的修改表。采用RevMan 5.4进行meta分析。有740项研究与这些关键词相匹配。经筛选，符合纳入和排除标准的研究有16项，共47615例盆腔器官脱垂患者。本综述共发现27个危险因素。子宫切除史(OR = 2.01;95% ci 1.22-3.33;p = 0.007)，肥胖(OR = 1.15;95% ci 1.02-1.29;p = 0.02)，糖尿病(OR = 1.85;95% ci 1.06-3.23;P = 0.03)为盆腔器官脱垂患者应激性尿失禁的危险因素。结论子宫切除术史、肥胖、糖尿病是盆腔器官脱垂患者发生应激性尿失禁的危险因素。
{"title":"Risk factors of stress urinary incontinence in pelvic organ prolapse patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Andiva Nurul Fitri, Eighty Mardiyan Kurniawati, Sundari Indah Wiyasihati, Citrawati Dyah Kencono Wungu","doi":"10.1186/s12301-023-00383-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12301-023-00383-1","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and pelvic organ prolapse (POP) commonly coexist as global problems that affect the quality of life of millions of women. The study aimed to identify the risk factors of stress urinary incontinence in pelvic organ prolapse patients. Main body A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted in Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus based on the PRISMA flowchart. The quality of the study was assessed using Newcastle–Ottawa Scale and data were collected on a modified table from The Cochrane Library. Meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.4. Seven hundred forty studies were found that matched the keywords. After the screening, 16 studies met the inclusion and exclusion criteria with a total of 47.615 participants with pelvic organ prolapse. A total of 27 risk factors were found in this review. History of hysterectomy (OR = 2.01; 95% CI 1.22–3.33; p = 0.007), obesity (OR = 1.15; 95% CI 1.02–1.29; p = 0.02), and diabetes mellitus (OR = 1.85; 95% CI 1.06–3.23; p = 0.03) were shown to be risk factor of stress urinary incontinence in pelvic organ prolapse patients. Conclusions History of hysterectomy, obesity, and diabetes mellitus were found to be the risk factors of stress urinary incontinence in pelvic organ prolapse patients.","PeriodicalId":7432,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Urology","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136294900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Background Benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) commonly affects aging men that can result in hematuria. For patients who are not suitable candidates for surgery, prostatic artery embolization (PAE) has emerged as a minimally invasive alternative. This study aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of PAE specifically for treating hematuria in BPH patients who cannot undergo surgery. Methods The study included n = 110 participants. PAE was performed, and outcomes of interest, including resolution of hematuria, improvement in lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), prostate volume (PV), and quality of life (QoL), were assessed. Adverse events were also analyzed. Results The study demonstrated a 100% clinical success rate in resolving hematuria at 3 months, with no recurrence observed during the 6-month follow-up. Mean hemoglobin levels increased, indicating successful resolution of bleeding. PAE also led to a significant reduction in LUTS severity, as measured by the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS). Improvement in the mean maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax) indicated enhanced urinary flow. Additionally, MRI measurements showed a reduction in prostate volume following PAE. These improvements contributed to enhanced QoL for the patients. Conclusions Prostatic artery embolization (PAE) was found to be a safe and effective treatment option for hematuria in BPH patients not suitable for surgery. PAE demonstrated a high success rate in resolving hematuria and resulted in significant improvements in LUTS, prostate volume, and QoL outcomes. These findings have important implications for clinical decision-making and improving patient care for BPH patients with hematuria. Further research and long-term follow-up studies are necessary to validate these findings and assess the durability of PAE outcomes in this patient population.
{"title":"Safety and efficacy of prostatic artery embolization in patients with hematuria due to benign prostate hyperplasia","authors":"Bilal Ahmad Hijazi, Hai-Bin Shi, Sheng Liu, Tian Wei, Turki Atia Alqurashi, Zakir Jamal Sabri, Vinay Singh, Hayam Hamdy","doi":"10.1186/s12301-023-00385-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12301-023-00385-z","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background Benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) commonly affects aging men that can result in hematuria. For patients who are not suitable candidates for surgery, prostatic artery embolization (PAE) has emerged as a minimally invasive alternative. This study aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of PAE specifically for treating hematuria in BPH patients who cannot undergo surgery. Methods The study included n = 110 participants. PAE was performed, and outcomes of interest, including resolution of hematuria, improvement in lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), prostate volume (PV), and quality of life (QoL), were assessed. Adverse events were also analyzed. Results The study demonstrated a 100% clinical success rate in resolving hematuria at 3 months, with no recurrence observed during the 6-month follow-up. Mean hemoglobin levels increased, indicating successful resolution of bleeding. PAE also led to a significant reduction in LUTS severity, as measured by the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS). Improvement in the mean maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax) indicated enhanced urinary flow. Additionally, MRI measurements showed a reduction in prostate volume following PAE. These improvements contributed to enhanced QoL for the patients. Conclusions Prostatic artery embolization (PAE) was found to be a safe and effective treatment option for hematuria in BPH patients not suitable for surgery. PAE demonstrated a high success rate in resolving hematuria and resulted in significant improvements in LUTS, prostate volume, and QoL outcomes. These findings have important implications for clinical decision-making and improving patient care for BPH patients with hematuria. Further research and long-term follow-up studies are necessary to validate these findings and assess the durability of PAE outcomes in this patient population.","PeriodicalId":7432,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Urology","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136295163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-10DOI: 10.1186/s12301-023-00380-4
Harshal K. Joshi, Vidhi R. Shah, Mital D. Parikh
Abstract Background Emphysematous pyelonephritis is a necrotizing infection of the renal parenchyma by gas-forming organisms. The diagnosis of emphysematous pyelonephritis is made by clinical features and the detection of air in the renal parenchyma. In the past, nephrectomy was considered the only treatment option with a high mortality rate, but with advances in minimally invasive conservative techniques and better antibiotic treatment, the rate of kidney salvage has increased. Case presentation From January 2019 to December 2022, eight cases of emphysematous pyelonephritis were diagnosed based on clinical features and documentation of gas in the renal parenchyma by a Computed tomography scan. The mean age was 61.75 ± 4.3 years. 62.5% were female and 75% were diabetics. E. coli was the most common pathogen (87.5%). All 8 patients underwent early interventions in the form of DJ stenting or percutaneous nephrostomy tube insertion with only one patient requiring nephrectomy without any immediate mortality. Conclusion Emphysematous pyelonephritis is more common in women and the elderly. Diabetes mellitus and nephrolithiasis are major risk factors. E. coli was the most frequently isolated pathogen. Early diagnosis and early minimally invasive intervention in the form of a DJ stenting or percutaneous nephrostomy reduced the rate of nephrectomy and mortality.
{"title":"Clinical profile and outcome of emphysematous pyelonephritis presenting to a tertiary care hospital","authors":"Harshal K. Joshi, Vidhi R. Shah, Mital D. Parikh","doi":"10.1186/s12301-023-00380-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12301-023-00380-4","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background Emphysematous pyelonephritis is a necrotizing infection of the renal parenchyma by gas-forming organisms. The diagnosis of emphysematous pyelonephritis is made by clinical features and the detection of air in the renal parenchyma. In the past, nephrectomy was considered the only treatment option with a high mortality rate, but with advances in minimally invasive conservative techniques and better antibiotic treatment, the rate of kidney salvage has increased. Case presentation From January 2019 to December 2022, eight cases of emphysematous pyelonephritis were diagnosed based on clinical features and documentation of gas in the renal parenchyma by a Computed tomography scan. The mean age was 61.75 ± 4.3 years. 62.5% were female and 75% were diabetics. E. coli was the most common pathogen (87.5%). All 8 patients underwent early interventions in the form of DJ stenting or percutaneous nephrostomy tube insertion with only one patient requiring nephrectomy without any immediate mortality. Conclusion Emphysematous pyelonephritis is more common in women and the elderly. Diabetes mellitus and nephrolithiasis are major risk factors. E. coli was the most frequently isolated pathogen. Early diagnosis and early minimally invasive intervention in the form of a DJ stenting or percutaneous nephrostomy reduced the rate of nephrectomy and mortality.","PeriodicalId":7432,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Urology","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136295620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Testicular torsion is a surgical emergency caused by rotation of the vascular pedicle of the testicle around its axis. If left untreated, testicular necrosis can set in, necessitating orchiectomy and loss of the testicle. The authors of this article reviewed articles on testicular torsion published in sub-Saharan Africa. The aim of this work is to establish the patient profile, consultation delay and orchiectomy rate in the sub-Saharan context. Data from the review will be compared with large non-sub-Saharan series and journals. Twenty-three articles were selected for review. All these articles were published between 1985 and 2022. A total of 1410 patients were included in the review. The average age was 19.7 years. The majority of patients were from urban areas. Risk factors for torsion were identified in 9 publications. The mode of hospital admission varied. Acute scrotal pain was the main symptomatology reported. The mean time in hours between onset of symptoms and consultation was 52.5 h. The left side was affected in 46.04% and the right in 49.81%. Four authors reported referral to a health center, and 8 authors reported scrotal ultrasonography. The rate of orchiectomy performed was found in 21 publications, the mean for the review as a whole was 46.4% with extremes of 13.2 and 72%. The orchiectomy rate was 52.4% in studies that reported an initial referral to a health center (patient transfer), versus 36.9% in studies that did not. In studies reporting ultrasound, the orchiectomy rate was 52.5%, compared with 36.9% in those not reporting ultrasound. On the basis of these results, we can formulate the following recommendations and actions: (i) further study of this pathology in sub-Saharan countries; (ii) raise public awareness of this pathology; (iii) train and retrain community workers and health center managers; and (iv) train general practitioners and surgeons in emergency scrototomy, orchidopexy and orchidectomy.
{"title":"Testicular torsion in Sub-Saharan Africa: a scoping review","authors":"Saleh Abdelkerim Nedjim, Marcella D. C. Biyouma, Mahamat Ali Mahamat, Arthur Douglas, Orgeness Jasper Mbwambo, Mohamed Mbarouk, Remadji Yanhdet Hervé, Mahamane Salissou, Messian Gallouo, Aboubacar Traoré, ZIBA Ouima Justin Dieudonné, Yannick Joël Djoua, Ugbede Oyibo, Kimassoum Rimtebaye, Choua Ouchemi, Fru Fobuzshi Angwafor","doi":"10.1186/s12301-023-00384-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12301-023-00384-0","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Testicular torsion is a surgical emergency caused by rotation of the vascular pedicle of the testicle around its axis. If left untreated, testicular necrosis can set in, necessitating orchiectomy and loss of the testicle. The authors of this article reviewed articles on testicular torsion published in sub-Saharan Africa. The aim of this work is to establish the patient profile, consultation delay and orchiectomy rate in the sub-Saharan context. Data from the review will be compared with large non-sub-Saharan series and journals. Twenty-three articles were selected for review. All these articles were published between 1985 and 2022. A total of 1410 patients were included in the review. The average age was 19.7 years. The majority of patients were from urban areas. Risk factors for torsion were identified in 9 publications. The mode of hospital admission varied. Acute scrotal pain was the main symptomatology reported. The mean time in hours between onset of symptoms and consultation was 52.5 h. The left side was affected in 46.04% and the right in 49.81%. Four authors reported referral to a health center, and 8 authors reported scrotal ultrasonography. The rate of orchiectomy performed was found in 21 publications, the mean for the review as a whole was 46.4% with extremes of 13.2 and 72%. The orchiectomy rate was 52.4% in studies that reported an initial referral to a health center (patient transfer), versus 36.9% in studies that did not. In studies reporting ultrasound, the orchiectomy rate was 52.5%, compared with 36.9% in those not reporting ultrasound. On the basis of these results, we can formulate the following recommendations and actions: (i) further study of this pathology in sub-Saharan countries; (ii) raise public awareness of this pathology; (iii) train and retrain community workers and health center managers; and (iv) train general practitioners and surgeons in emergency scrototomy, orchidopexy and orchidectomy.","PeriodicalId":7432,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Urology","volume":"201 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135254962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Background Pyeloplasty currently stands as the standard treatment for UPJO. Our study aimed to assess the diagnostic value of sonographic parameters following Lasix administration in patients who underwent pyeloplasty to predict the recurrence of obstruction and the need for reoperation. Methods The study included 70 children with UPJO who underwent pyeloplasty. Renal ultrasound was performed on patients three to six months after pyeloplasty. Following the Lasix administration, the changes in ultrasound parameters at the 18th and 30th minute were documented. Within two weeks, patients underwent radioisotope renography. Diuretic ultrasound's diagnostic value in predicting the need for reoperation was assessed through a comparison with radioisotope renography. Results The average age of the patients was 3.94 ± 3.52 years. Anteroposterior diameter of the renal pelvis (APD) changes at 18 and 30 min, and the average APD after surgery at 18 and 30 min was significantly higher in patients requiring reoperation. The best cutoff point of APD changes in the 18th minute was 9.50 (sensitivity = 91.7%, specificity = 82.8%). The best cutoff point of APD after surgery in the 18th minute was 25.90 (sensitivity = 91.7%, specificity = 81.0%). The best cutoff points of the resistive index (RI) in the 18th and 30th minutes were reported as 0.70 (sensitivity = 41.7%, specificity = 50.0%) and 0.71 (sensitivity = 41.7%, specificity = 37.9%), respectively. Conclusions The assessment of ultrasound findings following pyeloplasty has revealed that changes in APD can serve as a reliable means for assessing the efficacy of the operation.
{"title":"Diagnostic value of diuretic ultrasound in evaluating the need for reoperation in children undergoing pyeloplasty","authors":"Masoud Mahdavi Rashed, Reza Abbasioun, Atena Aghaee, Houshang Mirakhorli, Ehsan Hassan Nejad, Asma Payandeh, Neda Karimabadi","doi":"10.1186/s12301-023-00381-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12301-023-00381-3","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background Pyeloplasty currently stands as the standard treatment for UPJO. Our study aimed to assess the diagnostic value of sonographic parameters following Lasix administration in patients who underwent pyeloplasty to predict the recurrence of obstruction and the need for reoperation. Methods The study included 70 children with UPJO who underwent pyeloplasty. Renal ultrasound was performed on patients three to six months after pyeloplasty. Following the Lasix administration, the changes in ultrasound parameters at the 18th and 30th minute were documented. Within two weeks, patients underwent radioisotope renography. Diuretic ultrasound's diagnostic value in predicting the need for reoperation was assessed through a comparison with radioisotope renography. Results The average age of the patients was 3.94 ± 3.52 years. Anteroposterior diameter of the renal pelvis (APD) changes at 18 and 30 min, and the average APD after surgery at 18 and 30 min was significantly higher in patients requiring reoperation. The best cutoff point of APD changes in the 18th minute was 9.50 (sensitivity = 91.7%, specificity = 82.8%). The best cutoff point of APD after surgery in the 18th minute was 25.90 (sensitivity = 91.7%, specificity = 81.0%). The best cutoff points of the resistive index (RI) in the 18th and 30th minutes were reported as 0.70 (sensitivity = 41.7%, specificity = 50.0%) and 0.71 (sensitivity = 41.7%, specificity = 37.9%), respectively. Conclusions The assessment of ultrasound findings following pyeloplasty has revealed that changes in APD can serve as a reliable means for assessing the efficacy of the operation.","PeriodicalId":7432,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Urology","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135592180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B Sine, NA Bagayogo, A Thiam, M Diaw, C Ze Ondo, A Sarr, A Ndiath, NS Ndour, O Sow, EM Diaw, B Diao, AK Ndoye
{"title":"Facteurs associés aux échecs de la prostatectomie radicale rétropubienne","authors":"B Sine, NA Bagayogo, A Thiam, M Diaw, C Ze Ondo, A Sarr, A Ndiath, NS Ndour, O Sow, EM Diaw, B Diao, AK Ndoye","doi":"10.36303/auj.0104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36303/auj.0104","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7432,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Urology","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135922225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J Sossa, AA Tchouasseu, L Fanou, DMI Yevi, FJM Hodonou, DJG Avakoudjo
{"title":"A post-hysteroscopy insertion of an intrauterine device leading to a bladder stone","authors":"J Sossa, AA Tchouasseu, L Fanou, DMI Yevi, FJM Hodonou, DJG Avakoudjo","doi":"10.36303/auj.0117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36303/auj.0117","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7432,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Urology","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135922650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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