Quality control analysis of medicinal plants even their derived formulations are contributed to the quality, safety, and efficacy as well as to their regulatory purpose. Chromatography and their hyphenation with spectroscopic techniques are the most used analytical methods for quality assessment and authentication of medicinal plants and their derived products, also. With a thorough explanation of the analytical techniques used in authentication, the existing situation, and future projections, the present study aims to analyze the quality elements of the authentication of medicinal plants and the formulations developed from them. The results of the review suggested that determining the quality of medicinal plants based on targeted and non-targeted metabolites depends on the verification that the plants are from the same species, the gathering of high-quality raw materials, the extraction process, and the solvents that are acting to make the process more suitable. For thorough metabolomic profiling, a variety of cutting-edge chromatographic and analytical techniques, including HPTLC-MS, HPLC-MS, LC-MS, GC-MS, etc., are utilized. Moreover, chemometric approaches improved the ability to extract crucial chemical information from a wide range of original data. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is the most widely used technique in chemometrics analysis to represent the high dimensionality of metabolite-based data sets for validity, efficacy, and consistency. In order to confirm the scientific evidence for their regulatory purpose and get insights into the current situation and the future horizons for their quality-based standardization of medicinal plants and their derived formulations.
{"title":"A Review on Quality Control Aspects of Indian Medicinal Plants","authors":"Santosh Kumar, Aakash Kumar Jaiswal, Mansi Aggarwal, Rustam Ekbbal, Gaurav Gaurav G","doi":"10.5530/phrev.2023.17.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5530/phrev.2023.17.7","url":null,"abstract":"Quality control analysis of medicinal plants even their derived formulations are contributed to the quality, safety, and efficacy as well as to their regulatory purpose. Chromatography and their hyphenation with spectroscopic techniques are the most used analytical methods for quality assessment and authentication of medicinal plants and their derived products, also. With a thorough explanation of the analytical techniques used in authentication, the existing situation, and future projections, the present study aims to analyze the quality elements of the authentication of medicinal plants and the formulations developed from them. The results of the review suggested that determining the quality of medicinal plants based on targeted and non-targeted metabolites depends on the verification that the plants are from the same species, the gathering of high-quality raw materials, the extraction process, and the solvents that are acting to make the process more suitable. For thorough metabolomic profiling, a variety of cutting-edge chromatographic and analytical techniques, including HPTLC-MS, HPLC-MS, LC-MS, GC-MS, etc., are utilized. Moreover, chemometric approaches improved the ability to extract crucial chemical information from a wide range of original data. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is the most widely used technique in chemometrics analysis to represent the high dimensionality of metabolite-based data sets for validity, efficacy, and consistency. In order to confirm the scientific evidence for their regulatory purpose and get insights into the current situation and the future horizons for their quality-based standardization of medicinal plants and their derived formulations.","PeriodicalId":74432,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacognosy reviews","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139220288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Aneja, Arun Mittal, Neerupma Dhiman, Gaurav Agarwal
Psoriasis once thought to be largely an epidermal keratinocyte problem, it is now understood that it is a disorder due to immune-mediation. Skin hyperplasia of vascular hyperplasia, epidermal keratinocytes, and permeation of neutrophils, leucocytes, and extra types of T lymphocytes in affected skin. The pathophysiology of the illness is intricate and includes both genetic and cellular elements. As a result, there are many different therapeutic approaches that work on various targets, ranging from symptomatic treatment to immune system modulation. Drugs are known to cause the condition but the precise cause of it is uncertain. Environmental factors like smoking, infections and seasonal changes are also responsible. Natural alternatives are being sought after due to the harmful impact on life quality and dangerous adverse effects of conventional treatment. There are a variety of plants that have been utilized in conventional psoriasis treatment methods that could serve as safer substitutes. The emphasis of the current review article is on pharmacological studies of anti-psoriatic plant, plant extracts, and formulation. The review has also taken into account several chemical elements extracted from plants that are accountable for antipsoriatic activity and their mechanisms of action. This review is necessary to choose these plants for more research in order to identify the chemical components that fight psoriasis and determine how they work.
牛皮癣曾被认为主要是表皮角质细胞的问题，但现在人们已经认识到，它是一种由免疫介导引起的疾病。患处皮肤血管增生，表皮角质细胞增生，中性粒细胞、白细胞和额外类型的 T 淋巴细胞渗透。该病的病理生理学错综复杂，既包括遗传因素，也包括细胞因素。因此，有许多针对不同靶点的治疗方法，从对症治疗到免疫系统调节，不一而足。已知药物可导致该病，但确切病因尚不确定。吸烟、感染和季节变化等环境因素也是原因之一。由于传统治疗对生活质量的有害影响和危险的不良反应，人们开始寻求天然的替代疗法。在传统的银屑病治疗方法中，有多种植物可以作为更安全的替代品。本综述文章的重点是抗银屑病植物、植物提取物和制剂的药理学研究。综述还考虑了从植物中提取的几种具有抗银屑病活性的化学元素及其作用机制。有必要通过这篇综述选择这些植物进行更多研究，以确定抗牛皮癣的化学成分，并确定它们的作用机制。
{"title":"A Review on Phytoconstituents for the Treatment of Psoriasis","authors":"S. Aneja, Arun Mittal, Neerupma Dhiman, Gaurav Agarwal","doi":"10.5530/phrev.2023.17.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5530/phrev.2023.17.8","url":null,"abstract":"Psoriasis once thought to be largely an epidermal keratinocyte problem, it is now understood that it is a disorder due to immune-mediation. Skin hyperplasia of vascular hyperplasia, epidermal keratinocytes, and permeation of neutrophils, leucocytes, and extra types of T lymphocytes in affected skin. The pathophysiology of the illness is intricate and includes both genetic and cellular elements. As a result, there are many different therapeutic approaches that work on various targets, ranging from symptomatic treatment to immune system modulation. Drugs are known to cause the condition but the precise cause of it is uncertain. Environmental factors like smoking, infections and seasonal changes are also responsible. Natural alternatives are being sought after due to the harmful impact on life quality and dangerous adverse effects of conventional treatment. There are a variety of plants that have been utilized in conventional psoriasis treatment methods that could serve as safer substitutes. The emphasis of the current review article is on pharmacological studies of anti-psoriatic plant, plant extracts, and formulation. The review has also taken into account several chemical elements extracted from plants that are accountable for antipsoriatic activity and their mechanisms of action. This review is necessary to choose these plants for more research in order to identify the chemical components that fight psoriasis and determine how they work.","PeriodicalId":74432,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacognosy reviews","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139220869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-28DOI: 10.5530/phrev.2023.17.13
Fabian Vinicio Delgado Rodríguez, Nien Tzu Weng Huang, Arlene Loria Gutierrez, David Arias Nunez, Christopher Rosales Leiva
{"title":"Ethnobotany, Pharmacology and Major Bioactive Metabolites from Impatiens Genus Plants and their Related Applications","authors":"Fabian Vinicio Delgado Rodríguez, Nien Tzu Weng Huang, Arlene Loria Gutierrez, David Arias Nunez, Christopher Rosales Leiva","doi":"10.5530/phrev.2023.17.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5530/phrev.2023.17.13","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74432,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacognosy reviews","volume":"104 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139219101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ivana Barbosa Suffredini, Jose Rodrigo de Arruda, Catharina Andrade Froes Serra Toledo Peres Rodrigues, Beatriz Regina Rodrigues Carvalho, Karla Fernanda Sanches Rodrigues, L. Bonamin
The research and development of herbal medicines used in Veterinary Medicine are still incipient. The present study pursued the status of ethnoveterinary research in Brazil based on a narrative review of the literature. Medicinal plants, animals, and minerals are used to treat companion and production animals in urban and rural areas. In urban areas, using plants to treat infectious diseases and digestive problems in companion animals is frequent. In contrast, plants to treat livestock are accessed to control bacteria involved in cattle mastitis and pathogens involved in hemorrhagic enteritis in small ruminants, such as Haemonchus spp. Nonetheless, reports describing the use of animal tissues as fat, animal products as honey, and mineral products were described and commented on. Much has yet to be done in terms of systematizing ethnoveterinary in Brazil so that the therapeutic potential of the fauna and flora of Brazil can be accessed. Brazil has the most extraordinary biodiversity in the world, and it is the country that has enormous potential for the development of medicines obtained from natural sources to be used in veterinary, in addition to human medicine, despite being one of the most significant animal protein exporting countries. The One World, One Health concepts are fundamental to support the development of ethnoveterinary, to effectively contribute to building the necessary knowledge to sustain animal welfare, which is essential for the development of a sustainable world based on the preservation of natural resources associated with the promotion of global health.
{"title":"The Brazilian Ethnoveterinary Analyzed by the One World-One HealthTM Perspective","authors":"Ivana Barbosa Suffredini, Jose Rodrigo de Arruda, Catharina Andrade Froes Serra Toledo Peres Rodrigues, Beatriz Regina Rodrigues Carvalho, Karla Fernanda Sanches Rodrigues, L. Bonamin","doi":"10.5530/phrev.2023.17.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5530/phrev.2023.17.6","url":null,"abstract":"The research and development of herbal medicines used in Veterinary Medicine are still incipient. The present study pursued the status of ethnoveterinary research in Brazil based on a narrative review of the literature. Medicinal plants, animals, and minerals are used to treat companion and production animals in urban and rural areas. In urban areas, using plants to treat infectious diseases and digestive problems in companion animals is frequent. In contrast, plants to treat livestock are accessed to control bacteria involved in cattle mastitis and pathogens involved in hemorrhagic enteritis in small ruminants, such as Haemonchus spp. Nonetheless, reports describing the use of animal tissues as fat, animal products as honey, and mineral products were described and commented on. Much has yet to be done in terms of systematizing ethnoveterinary in Brazil so that the therapeutic potential of the fauna and flora of Brazil can be accessed. Brazil has the most extraordinary biodiversity in the world, and it is the country that has enormous potential for the development of medicines obtained from natural sources to be used in veterinary, in addition to human medicine, despite being one of the most significant animal protein exporting countries. The One World, One Health concepts are fundamental to support the development of ethnoveterinary, to effectively contribute to building the necessary knowledge to sustain animal welfare, which is essential for the development of a sustainable world based on the preservation of natural resources associated with the promotion of global health.","PeriodicalId":74432,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacognosy reviews","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139219850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Essential Oils: A Natural Therapy for the Treatment of Cancer","authors":"Sulekha Rohilla, Seemu Singh, Abhijit Hazra","doi":"10.5530/phrev.2023.17.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5530/phrev.2023.17.9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74432,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacognosy reviews","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139222697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-28DOI: 10.5530/phrev.2023.17.10
M. Nag, Rakesh Kumar Paul, Souvik Biswas, D. Dasgupta, Dipan Roy, Pradeeptima Bhattacharjee, Souvik Chattopadhyay, Ankita Mallick
Currently, the most usual analytical methods are established to identify compounds, though analytical methods like gravimetry and titrimetric analysis were the most concern. In the titrimetric analysis method, the endpoint is detected by the colour changes from one medium to another medium (either acidic medium or basic medium) with the addition of substances are known as indicators. Nowadays, many synthetic indicators are available
{"title":"A Review on Application of Natural Indicators in Acid-base Titration","authors":"M. Nag, Rakesh Kumar Paul, Souvik Biswas, D. Dasgupta, Dipan Roy, Pradeeptima Bhattacharjee, Souvik Chattopadhyay, Ankita Mallick","doi":"10.5530/phrev.2023.17.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5530/phrev.2023.17.10","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, the most usual analytical methods are established to identify compounds, though analytical methods like gravimetry and titrimetric analysis were the most concern. In the titrimetric analysis method, the endpoint is detected by the colour changes from one medium to another medium (either acidic medium or basic medium) with the addition of substances are known as indicators. Nowadays, many synthetic indicators are available","PeriodicalId":74432,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacognosy reviews","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139222874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-28DOI: 10.5530/phrev.2023.17.14
S. Deore, Vighne R C Vighne, Bhushan A. Baviskar, Anjali A. Kide, Bhavana A. Shende
{"title":"Neuroprotective Potency of Crocus sativum L. for Alzheimer’s Disease","authors":"S. Deore, Vighne R C Vighne, Bhushan A. Baviskar, Anjali A. Kide, Bhavana A. Shende","doi":"10.5530/phrev.2023.17.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5530/phrev.2023.17.14","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74432,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacognosy reviews","volume":"96 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139217017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-28DOI: 10.5530/phrev.2023.17.16
Ester Lopes de Melo, Arlindo César Matias Pereira, Aline Lopes do Nascimento, J. C. Tavares Carvalho
{"title":"Euterpe oleraceae (Açaí), Bixa orellana (Annatto), and Myrciaria dubia (Camu-camu): A Review of Preclinical Evidence of Anti-senescence Potential","authors":"Ester Lopes de Melo, Arlindo César Matias Pereira, Aline Lopes do Nascimento, J. C. Tavares Carvalho","doi":"10.5530/phrev.2023.17.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5530/phrev.2023.17.16","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74432,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacognosy reviews","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139217145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-28DOI: 10.5530/phrev.2023.17.18
Adina Frank Peter, Alina Wagiran, Z. Rahmat, Mohd Rafii Yusop, Raihana Ridzuan
Among 13 species of Moringa, Moringa oleifera is the most extensively explored and cultivated species around the world. This species is considered a miracle plant due to some impressive properties that are worth mentioning, apart from their drought-resistant and fast-growing characteristics. Nevertheless, the rapidly growing population has raised concerns for global food security for improved yield and nutritious crops. In this review, we describe the varieties and ecotypes of M. oleifera evidence from different countries associated with their genetic variability and phytochemical properties. Genetic variation happens due to several factors but is mainly caused by a variety of geographical factors resulting in the formation of subspecies, races, and ecotypes. The variation pattern of Moringa can be acknowledged through molecular screening and not limited to morphological and phytochemical features instead. Molecular markers such as Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD), Simple Sequence Repeats (SSR), Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR), and Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphisms (AFLP) can be a useful tool in genetic diversity to indicate the presence of intraspecific variation of M. oleifera at molecular level. The phytochemical variability of M. oleifera according to their potent compounds has also been conversing with respect to their plant parts. Both molecular and phytochemical evidence provided can be utilized for the future development of this crop with improved yield and quality characters.
{"title":"Exploring Genetic Variation and Therapeutic Properties of Moringa oleifera: Progress and Future Potential for Crop Improvements","authors":"Adina Frank Peter, Alina Wagiran, Z. Rahmat, Mohd Rafii Yusop, Raihana Ridzuan","doi":"10.5530/phrev.2023.17.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5530/phrev.2023.17.18","url":null,"abstract":"Among 13 species of Moringa, Moringa oleifera is the most extensively explored and cultivated species around the world. This species is considered a miracle plant due to some impressive properties that are worth mentioning, apart from their drought-resistant and fast-growing characteristics. Nevertheless, the rapidly growing population has raised concerns for global food security for improved yield and nutritious crops. In this review, we describe the varieties and ecotypes of M. oleifera evidence from different countries associated with their genetic variability and phytochemical properties. Genetic variation happens due to several factors but is mainly caused by a variety of geographical factors resulting in the formation of subspecies, races, and ecotypes. The variation pattern of Moringa can be acknowledged through molecular screening and not limited to morphological and phytochemical features instead. Molecular markers such as Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD), Simple Sequence Repeats (SSR), Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR), and Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphisms (AFLP) can be a useful tool in genetic diversity to indicate the presence of intraspecific variation of M. oleifera at molecular level. The phytochemical variability of M. oleifera according to their potent compounds has also been conversing with respect to their plant parts. Both molecular and phytochemical evidence provided can be utilized for the future development of this crop with improved yield and quality characters.","PeriodicalId":74432,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacognosy reviews","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139218819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nidhi Negi, Garima Chand, Deepa Kholia, Rahul Anand, S. K. Upadhyay, Geeta Tewari, Penny Joshi
{"title":"Recent Development in the Structural Modifications of Monocarbonyl Analogues of Curcumin and their Improved Biological Activities: A Review","authors":"Nidhi Negi, Garima Chand, Deepa Kholia, Rahul Anand, S. K. Upadhyay, Geeta Tewari, Penny Joshi","doi":"10.5530/phrev.2023.17.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5530/phrev.2023.17.4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74432,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacognosy reviews","volume":"119 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139221758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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