Pub Date : 2019-08-20DOI: 10.12987/yale/9780300220537.003.0001
Benjamin Ginsberg, K. Hill
This chapter is an overview of the US Congress and its major functions of representation and legislation. It argues that many of the characteristics of Congress with which Americans are so impatient stem directly from the institution's democratic nature. The legislative process is complicated because a representative assembly must find ways of balancing minority rights and majority rule and develop mechanisms for reaching decisions while still allowing competing claims to be heard and taken into account. In short, Congress is slow to act, cumbersome in its procedures, and contentious in its discussions because it is a democratic decision-making body. Many who disparage Congress are, in effect if not intent, disparaging popular government.
{"title":"Congress: The First Branch","authors":"Benjamin Ginsberg, K. Hill","doi":"10.12987/yale/9780300220537.003.0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12987/yale/9780300220537.003.0001","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter is an overview of the US Congress and its major functions of representation and legislation. It argues that many of the characteristics of Congress with which Americans are so impatient stem directly from the institution's democratic nature. The legislative process is complicated because a representative assembly must find ways of balancing minority rights and majority rule and develop mechanisms for reaching decisions while still allowing competing claims to be heard and taken into account. In short, Congress is slow to act, cumbersome in its procedures, and contentious in its discussions because it is a democratic decision-making body. Many who disparage Congress are, in effect if not intent, disparaging popular government.","PeriodicalId":74547,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the IFAC World Congress. International Federation of Automatic Control. World Congress","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86418192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This chapter turns to the relationship between the legislative and judiciary branches. It shows that in contemporary America, the judiciary has formed a de facto “union” with the executive and has in some respects helped to diminish the role of Congress in the American governmental system. This was not always the case, however, as the constitutional system of checks and balances assigns Congress a good deal of power over the judiciary. When they created the Constitution's system of separated powers and checks and balances, the framers had regarded the Congress as the branch most likely to seek to expand its power and the judiciary as the “least dangerous branch.” Since then, however, Americans have come to accept the idea that the federal courts can declare acts of Congress to be inconsistent with the Constitution and, therefore, null and void.
{"title":"Congress and the Courts","authors":"Benjamin Ginsberg, K. Hill","doi":"10.2307/j.ctvmd856f.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvmd856f.11","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter turns to the relationship between the legislative and judiciary branches. It shows that in contemporary America, the judiciary has formed a de facto “union” with the executive and has in some respects helped to diminish the role of Congress in the American governmental system. This was not always the case, however, as the constitutional system of checks and balances assigns Congress a good deal of power over the judiciary. When they created the Constitution's system of separated powers and checks and balances, the framers had regarded the Congress as the branch most likely to seek to expand its power and the judiciary as the “least dangerous branch.” Since then, however, Americans have come to accept the idea that the federal courts can declare acts of Congress to be inconsistent with the Constitution and, therefore, null and void.","PeriodicalId":74547,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the IFAC World Congress. International Federation of Automatic Control. World Congress","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73720545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This course is designed to provide students with a broad introduction to the state of knowledge on legislative politics with a particular emphasis on the United States Congress. Our concentration will be on the functions that legislatures perform in society, as well as those factors, such as legislative institutionalization, integration, and development, that increase the probability that legislative bodies will achieve and maintain stability within a political system. We will also examine the role of individual legislators within the legislature, their capacity as representatives, as well as the behavioral predispositions and institutional constraints that structure both their actions and decisions.
{"title":"The Legislative Process:","authors":"Brad T. Gomez","doi":"10.2307/j.ctvmd856f.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvmd856f.7","url":null,"abstract":"This course is designed to provide students with a broad introduction to the state of knowledge on legislative politics with a particular emphasis on the United States Congress. Our concentration will be on the functions that legislatures perform in society, as well as those factors, such as legislative institutionalization, integration, and development, that increase the probability that legislative bodies will achieve and maintain stability within a political system. We will also examine the role of individual legislators within the legislature, their capacity as representatives, as well as the behavioral predispositions and institutional constraints that structure both their actions and decisions.","PeriodicalId":74547,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the IFAC World Congress. International Federation of Automatic Control. World Congress","volume":"56 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72571138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-20DOI: 10.12987/9780300249613-004
{"title":"4. Political Parties and the Organization of Congress","authors":"","doi":"10.12987/9780300249613-004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12987/9780300249613-004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74547,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the IFAC World Congress. International Federation of Automatic Control. World Congress","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81110827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-20DOI: 10.12987/9780300249613-002
{"title":"2. A Brief History of Congress: From First Branch to Second Fiddle","authors":"","doi":"10.12987/9780300249613-002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12987/9780300249613-002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74547,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the IFAC World Congress. International Federation of Automatic Control. World Congress","volume":"197 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81682728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-20DOI: 10.12987/9780300249613-001
{"title":"1. Congress: The First Branch","authors":"","doi":"10.12987/9780300249613-001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12987/9780300249613-001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74547,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the IFAC World Congress. International Federation of Automatic Control. World Congress","volume":"113 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80635680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-20DOI: 10.12987/yale/9780300220537.003.0005
Benjamin Ginsberg, K. Hill
This chapter examines the legislative process, paying particular attention to the role of congressional leaders and the changing impact of party and partisanship. It argues that a “new order” has evolved in Congress. The new order reduces the power of the congressional committees and undermines deliberation, but it can still produce legislation, especially when Congress and the president are of the same party. The new order consists of three key elements, which are discussed in this chapter: “follow-the-leader” lawmaking, “do-it-yourself” (DIY) legislating, and “catching-the-omnibus” budgeting. The chapter also looks in detail at one very important part of the legislative process—the budget and appropriations process through which Congress exercises its constitutional “power of the purse.”
{"title":"The Legislative Process: The Rise of the New Order in Congress","authors":"Benjamin Ginsberg, K. Hill","doi":"10.12987/yale/9780300220537.003.0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12987/yale/9780300220537.003.0005","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter examines the legislative process, paying particular attention to the role of congressional leaders and the changing impact of party and partisanship. It argues that a “new order” has evolved in Congress. The new order reduces the power of the congressional committees and undermines deliberation, but it can still produce legislation, especially when Congress and the president are of the same party. The new order consists of three key elements, which are discussed in this chapter: “follow-the-leader” lawmaking, “do-it-yourself” (DIY) legislating, and “catching-the-omnibus” budgeting. The chapter also looks in detail at one very important part of the legislative process—the budget and appropriations process through which Congress exercises its constitutional “power of the purse.”","PeriodicalId":74547,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the IFAC World Congress. International Federation of Automatic Control. World Congress","volume":"143 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80251906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-31DOI: 10.12987/9780300161816-009
{"title":"5. The Rise Of The Washington Establishment","authors":"","doi":"10.12987/9780300161816-009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12987/9780300161816-009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74547,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the IFAC World Congress. International Federation of Automatic Control. World Congress","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76867722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-31DOI: 10.12987/9780300161816-fm
{"title":"Frontmatter","authors":"","doi":"10.12987/9780300161816-fm","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12987/9780300161816-fm","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74547,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the IFAC World Congress. International Federation of Automatic Control. World Congress","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74941198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-31DOI: 10.12987/9780300161816-015
{"title":"10. Some More-Than-Circumstantial Evidence","authors":"","doi":"10.12987/9780300161816-015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12987/9780300161816-015","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74547,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the IFAC World Congress. International Federation of Automatic Control. World Congress","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87071564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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