Pub Date : 2020-10-29DOI: 10.1109/GHTC46280.2020.9342887
Chang Liu, Lisa Liu
COVID-19 caused large-scale, long-lasting lockdowns in many parts of the world, which resulted in many people in need for financial or other aids. Governments, charities, and communities rushed to provide help. To complement these efforts and to provide direct assistance to individuals who may not get sufficient and/or timely assistance otherwise, we designed a privacy-preserving and overhead-free protocol named "Fireside Help" for matching donors and people-in-need. This protocol aims to provide maximum privacy protection. Only the assigned volunteer verifiers can know about details of the applications from people-in-need and the donations from the donors that they verified. No one else, including the Fireside Help system itself, can gain any knowledge beyond digital checksums and information intentionally made public. This protocol uses proven, free, and widely available hash functions such as SHA-256, SHA-1, or MD-5 to ensure the integrity of the system without revealing private information. The protocol was designed initially to help students in Wuhan, China, the very first city to lock down. Later, it was revised to help anyone around the world who has been impacted by COVID-19. Several real-world transactions were completed in the system that demonstrated its utility and robustness.
{"title":"A Privacy-Preserving and Overhead-Free Protocol for Direct Donations to People Impacted by COVID-19 Lockdowns","authors":"Chang Liu, Lisa Liu","doi":"10.1109/GHTC46280.2020.9342887","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GHTC46280.2020.9342887","url":null,"abstract":"COVID-19 caused large-scale, long-lasting lockdowns in many parts of the world, which resulted in many people in need for financial or other aids. Governments, charities, and communities rushed to provide help. To complement these efforts and to provide direct assistance to individuals who may not get sufficient and/or timely assistance otherwise, we designed a privacy-preserving and overhead-free protocol named \"Fireside Help\" for matching donors and people-in-need. This protocol aims to provide maximum privacy protection. Only the assigned volunteer verifiers can know about details of the applications from people-in-need and the donations from the donors that they verified. No one else, including the Fireside Help system itself, can gain any knowledge beyond digital checksums and information intentionally made public. This protocol uses proven, free, and widely available hash functions such as SHA-256, SHA-1, or MD-5 to ensure the integrity of the system without revealing private information. The protocol was designed initially to help students in Wuhan, China, the very first city to lock down. Later, it was revised to help anyone around the world who has been impacted by COVID-19. Several real-world transactions were completed in the system that demonstrated its utility and robustness.","PeriodicalId":74562,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. IEEE Global Humanitarian Technology Conference","volume":"26 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80016374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-29DOI: 10.1109/GHTC46280.2020.9342624
Eli Countrywood, Jose Tapia, Joseph Decuir, Alexander Anderson
{"title":"Portable DC Power Monitoring","authors":"Eli Countrywood, Jose Tapia, Joseph Decuir, Alexander Anderson","doi":"10.1109/GHTC46280.2020.9342624","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GHTC46280.2020.9342624","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74562,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. IEEE Global Humanitarian Technology Conference","volume":"24 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90863501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-01DOI: 10.1109/ghtc46280.2020.9342948
Kishore Bharathkumar, Christopher Paolini, Mahasweta Sarkar
In the geriatric population, physical injuries sustained by an unintentional or an unpredictable fall on a hard surface is the leading cause of injury related morbidity and sometimes mortality. Each year, close to 30% of adults around the age group of 65 fall down at least once. In the year 2015, close to 2.9 million falls were reported, resulting in 33,000 deaths. As much as 61% of elderly nursing home residents fell at some point during their first year of residence.These falls may aggravate the situation leading to bone fracture, concussion, internal bleeding or traumatic brain injury when immediate medical attention is not offered to the person. Delay in course of the event may sometimes lead to death as well. Recently, many studies have come up with wearable devices. These devices that are now commercially available in the market are small, compact, wireless, battery operated and power efficient. This study discusses the findings that the optimal location for a Fall Detection Sensor on the human body is in front of the Shin bone. This is based on the 183 features collected from Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) sensors placed on 16 human body locations and trained-tested using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) machine learning paradigm. The ultimate goal is to develop a mobile, wireless, wearable, low-power medical device that uses a small Lattice iCE40 Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) integrated with gyro and accelerometer sensors which detects whether the device wearer has fallen or not. This FPGA is capable of realizing the Neural Network model implemented in it. This Insitu or Edge inferencing wearable device is capable of providing real-time classifications without any Transmitting or Receiving capabilities over a wireless communication channel.
{"title":"FPGA-based Edge Inferencing for Fall Detection.","authors":"Kishore Bharathkumar, Christopher Paolini, Mahasweta Sarkar","doi":"10.1109/ghtc46280.2020.9342948","DOIUrl":"10.1109/ghtc46280.2020.9342948","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the geriatric population, physical injuries sustained by an unintentional or an unpredictable fall on a hard surface is the leading cause of injury related morbidity and sometimes mortality. Each year, close to 30% of adults around the age group of 65 fall down at least once. In the year 2015, close to 2.9 million falls were reported, resulting in 33,000 deaths. As much as 61% of elderly nursing home residents fell at some point during their first year of residence.These falls may aggravate the situation leading to bone fracture, concussion, internal bleeding or traumatic brain injury when immediate medical attention is not offered to the person. Delay in course of the event may sometimes lead to death as well. Recently, many studies have come up with wearable devices. These devices that are now commercially available in the market are small, compact, wireless, battery operated and power efficient. This study discusses the findings that the optimal location for a Fall Detection Sensor on the human body is in front of the Shin bone. This is based on the 183 features collected from Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) sensors placed on 16 human body locations and trained-tested using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) machine learning paradigm. The ultimate goal is to develop a mobile, wireless, wearable, low-power medical device that uses a small Lattice iCE40 Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) integrated with gyro and accelerometer sensors which detects whether the device wearer has fallen or not. This FPGA is capable of realizing the Neural Network model implemented in it. This Insitu or Edge inferencing wearable device is capable of providing real-time classifications without any Transmitting or Receiving capabilities over a wireless communication channel.</p>","PeriodicalId":74562,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. IEEE Global Humanitarian Technology Conference","volume":"2020 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9908270/pdf/nihms-1867426.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10760548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1109/GHTC46280.2020.9342898
James Adrian B. Somontina, E. Q. B. Macabebe
{"title":"A Non-Intrusive Water Consumption Monitoring System","authors":"James Adrian B. Somontina, E. Q. B. Macabebe","doi":"10.1109/GHTC46280.2020.9342898","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GHTC46280.2020.9342898","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74562,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. IEEE Global Humanitarian Technology Conference","volume":"75 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84872138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-19DOI: 10.1109/GHTC46095.2019.9033077
A. Arokiaraj, J. Schapiro, Jessica Pachuta, I. Nourbakhsh, Taihua Hu, K. Wong, Albert Ko
Academic outreach projects have been largely ignoring the knowledge of local communities in working on challenges which exist in these places. In the recent past, data has been pointing to the fact that a majority of the community outreach projects in developing countries have failed or proven to be unsustainable. Many of these projects are driven by charitable values, driven by the strong urge to help the people in need. This however might be in direct conflict with ground up problem solving approaches. Charitable work doesn't approach the community challenge with a problem-solving mindset, so the effectiveness and sustainability of the work are undermined [1]. A new approach was designed and the possibilities of a collaborative fact finding, collaborative problem definition and co-designing to solve the challenges were tested. This will ensure the solutions are integrated into the communities' social, economic and cultural landscape while at the same time providing an effective solution which has community ownership. The project will leverage an existing network of collaborating partners to maximize impact.
{"title":"Participatory design innovation to solve challenges in rural Uganda: A model for the future","authors":"A. Arokiaraj, J. Schapiro, Jessica Pachuta, I. Nourbakhsh, Taihua Hu, K. Wong, Albert Ko","doi":"10.1109/GHTC46095.2019.9033077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GHTC46095.2019.9033077","url":null,"abstract":"Academic outreach projects have been largely ignoring the knowledge of local communities in working on challenges which exist in these places. In the recent past, data has been pointing to the fact that a majority of the community outreach projects in developing countries have failed or proven to be unsustainable. Many of these projects are driven by charitable values, driven by the strong urge to help the people in need. This however might be in direct conflict with ground up problem solving approaches. Charitable work doesn't approach the community challenge with a problem-solving mindset, so the effectiveness and sustainability of the work are undermined [1]. A new approach was designed and the possibilities of a collaborative fact finding, collaborative problem definition and co-designing to solve the challenges were tested. This will ensure the solutions are integrated into the communities' social, economic and cultural landscape while at the same time providing an effective solution which has community ownership. The project will leverage an existing network of collaborating partners to maximize impact.","PeriodicalId":74562,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. IEEE Global Humanitarian Technology Conference","volume":"22 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83474707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-01DOI: 10.1109/ghtc46095.2019.9033056
Kamyar Mollazadeh-Moghaddam, M. Dundek, A. Bellare, A. Borovac‐Pinheiro, Alice Won, T. Burke
Uncontrolled postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is the most common cause of maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide, with most cases of death and disability mainly in resource poor settings. Placement of a uterine balloon tamponade (UBT) is a recognized life-saving intervention in these circumstances. A UBT device is a balloon attached to a semi-rigid large bore catheter that acts as both an introducer and as a channel to rapidly inflate the balloon once it is placed into the uterine cavity. Reports on patient outcomes associated with commercial UBT devices are encouraging, however, their high cost (up to$400 USD) is a barrier to implementation across resource-poor settings. The ESM-UBT device is an ultra-low-cost condom-catheter UBT designed to be a quality and affordable device for scale in resource poor areas (Figure 1). The purpose of this study was to comprehensively evaluate the mechanical properties of this device, in advance of Regulatory evaluation. The evaluated mechanical properties are expected to be effective on the function of the device in clinic.
{"title":"Mechanical properties of ESM-UBT: An ultra-low cost uterine balloon tamponade device","authors":"Kamyar Mollazadeh-Moghaddam, M. Dundek, A. Bellare, A. Borovac‐Pinheiro, Alice Won, T. Burke","doi":"10.1109/ghtc46095.2019.9033056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ghtc46095.2019.9033056","url":null,"abstract":"Uncontrolled postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is the most common cause of maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide, with most cases of death and disability mainly in resource poor settings. Placement of a uterine balloon tamponade (UBT) is a recognized life-saving intervention in these circumstances. A UBT device is a balloon attached to a semi-rigid large bore catheter that acts as both an introducer and as a channel to rapidly inflate the balloon once it is placed into the uterine cavity. Reports on patient outcomes associated with commercial UBT devices are encouraging, however, their high cost (up to$400 USD) is a barrier to implementation across resource-poor settings. The ESM-UBT device is an ultra-low-cost condom-catheter UBT designed to be a quality and affordable device for scale in resource poor areas (Figure 1). The purpose of this study was to comprehensively evaluate the mechanical properties of this device, in advance of Regulatory evaluation. The evaluated mechanical properties are expected to be effective on the function of the device in clinic.","PeriodicalId":74562,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. IEEE Global Humanitarian Technology Conference","volume":"425 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85826396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-01DOI: 10.1109/ghtc46095.2019.9033110
N. Hunthausen, Analise LeJeune, Michelle Lee, Callie Weber, Joseph Hargan-Calvopiña, K. Graef, Cathyryne K. Manner, J. Dent
Malaria, tuberculosis, and neglected tropical diseases (neglected diseases) affect more than one billion people, mostly in the world's poorest populations, and cost developing economies billions of dollars each year. United Nations Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) Target 3.3 aims to end neglected disease epidemics by 2030. To achieve this ambitious target, expansion of research and development (RD insufficient diagnostic sensitivity and specificity for low-level infections following mass drug administration campaigns; and the growing threat of drug resistance.
{"title":"WIPO Re: Search: Driving Progress Toward the SDGs by Catalyzing Drug, Diagnostic, and Vaccine Development for Neglected Diseases","authors":"N. Hunthausen, Analise LeJeune, Michelle Lee, Callie Weber, Joseph Hargan-Calvopiña, K. Graef, Cathyryne K. Manner, J. Dent","doi":"10.1109/ghtc46095.2019.9033110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ghtc46095.2019.9033110","url":null,"abstract":"Malaria, tuberculosis, and neglected tropical diseases (neglected diseases) affect more than one billion people, mostly in the world's poorest populations, and cost developing economies billions of dollars each year. United Nations Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) Target 3.3 aims to end neglected disease epidemics by 2030. To achieve this ambitious target, expansion of research and development (RD insufficient diagnostic sensitivity and specificity for low-level infections following mass drug administration campaigns; and the growing threat of drug resistance.","PeriodicalId":74562,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. IEEE Global Humanitarian Technology Conference","volume":"48 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85660268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-01DOI: 10.1109/ghtc46095.2019.9033018
Myeongchan Oh, YoungHyun Koo, Aran Yang, Hyeong-Dong Park
North Korea is attracting much political and social attention. Apart from this interest, however, there are many poverty classes in the country. They are socially marginalized and do not have enough resources or energy. Therefore, it is necessary to study how to help them for humanitarian purposes. As one of the most important elements in life in modern society is energy supply, this study focused on the potential of the small-scale photovoltaic system to provide power for the people. Photovoltaic energy is available in areas where there is no power grid. Large-scale solar irradiance analysis on underdeveloped area using satellite images was performed first. A detail analysis including surface stability analysis was then performed.
{"title":"Estimation of the Potential of Small-scale Photovoltaic Systems in Underdeveloped Area of North Korea for Humanitarian Purposes","authors":"Myeongchan Oh, YoungHyun Koo, Aran Yang, Hyeong-Dong Park","doi":"10.1109/ghtc46095.2019.9033018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ghtc46095.2019.9033018","url":null,"abstract":"North Korea is attracting much political and social attention. Apart from this interest, however, there are many poverty classes in the country. They are socially marginalized and do not have enough resources or energy. Therefore, it is necessary to study how to help them for humanitarian purposes. As one of the most important elements in life in modern society is energy supply, this study focused on the potential of the small-scale photovoltaic system to provide power for the people. Photovoltaic energy is available in areas where there is no power grid. Large-scale solar irradiance analysis on underdeveloped area using satellite images was performed first. A detail analysis including surface stability analysis was then performed.","PeriodicalId":74562,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. IEEE Global Humanitarian Technology Conference","volume":"19 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87029667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-01DOI: 10.1109/ghtc46095.2019.9033082
Analise LeJeune, K. Graef, J. Dent, Faruk Mohammed, D. Seymour, N. Hunthausen, D. Lake, Michelle Lee, Callie Weber, Joseph Hargan-Calvopiña, Cathyryne K. Manner
The African continent is facing a cancer crisis. African women experience a higher burden of a deadly form of breast cancer than women of other ethnicities. [1] African men are disproportionately impacted by prostate cancer and have poor treatment outcomes. [2] Rates of cervical and liver cancer—both preventable diseases—are 300% and 24% higher, respectively, in Africa than in the United States. [3] These four cancers combined were responsible for more than one-third of all cancer deaths in Africa in 2018. [4] Without prompt intervention, the number of Africans dying from cancer annually is expected to double in twenty years. [5]
{"title":"Driven By Africa, For Africa - Improving Access to Cancer Medicines and Technologies through the African Access Initiative (AAI)","authors":"Analise LeJeune, K. Graef, J. Dent, Faruk Mohammed, D. Seymour, N. Hunthausen, D. Lake, Michelle Lee, Callie Weber, Joseph Hargan-Calvopiña, Cathyryne K. Manner","doi":"10.1109/ghtc46095.2019.9033082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ghtc46095.2019.9033082","url":null,"abstract":"The African continent is facing a cancer crisis. African women experience a higher burden of a deadly form of breast cancer than women of other ethnicities. [1] African men are disproportionately impacted by prostate cancer and have poor treatment outcomes. [2] Rates of cervical and liver cancer—both preventable diseases—are 300% and 24% higher, respectively, in Africa than in the United States. [3] These four cancers combined were responsible for more than one-third of all cancer deaths in Africa in 2018. [4] Without prompt intervention, the number of Africans dying from cancer annually is expected to double in twenty years. [5]","PeriodicalId":74562,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. IEEE Global Humanitarian Technology Conference","volume":"197 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79481261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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