Pub Date : 2015-01-01DOI: 10.4249/scholarpedia.32457
Yael Kra, A. Arieli, E. Ahissar
Sensory Substitution ( SenSub ) is an approach that allows perceiving environmental information that is normally received via one sense (e.g., vision) via another sense (e.g., touch or audition). A typical SenSub system includes three major components: (a) a sensor that senses information typically received by the substituted modality (e.g., visual), (b) a coupling system that can process the sensor’s output and drive the actuator, and (c) an actuator that activates receptors of the substituting modality.
{"title":"Tactile Substitution for Vision","authors":"Yael Kra, A. Arieli, E. Ahissar","doi":"10.4249/scholarpedia.32457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4249/scholarpedia.32457","url":null,"abstract":"Sensory Substitution ( SenSub ) is an approach that allows perceiving environmental information that is normally received via one sense (e.g., vision) via another sense (e.g., touch or audition). A typical SenSub system includes three major components: (a) a sensor that senses information typically received by the substituted modality (e.g., visual), (b) a coupling system that can process the sensor’s output and drive the actuator, and (c) an actuator that activates receptors of the substituting modality.","PeriodicalId":74760,"journal":{"name":"Scholarpedia journal","volume":"10 1","pages":"32457"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70979039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-01-01DOI: 10.4249/scholarpedia.6636
M. Hartmann
The vibrissal (whisker) array of the rodent has been an important model for the study of active touch and tactile perception for over a century (Richardson 1909; Vincent 1912). During exploratory behaviors many rodents brush and tap their whiskers against surfaces to tactually extract object features, similar in some ways to how humans use their fingers for tactual exploration.
{"title":"Vibrissa mechanical properties","authors":"M. Hartmann","doi":"10.4249/scholarpedia.6636","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4249/scholarpedia.6636","url":null,"abstract":"The vibrissal (whisker) array of the rodent has been an important model for the study of active touch and tactile perception for over a century (Richardson 1909; Vincent 1912). During exploratory behaviors many rodents brush and tap their whiskers against surfaces to tactually extract object features, similar in some ways to how humans use their fingers for tactual exploration.","PeriodicalId":74760,"journal":{"name":"Scholarpedia journal","volume":"10 1","pages":"6636"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70992733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-01-01DOI: 10.4249/scholarpedia.12390
G. Loeb, M. Mileusnic
Even when deprived of exteroceptive sensory information such as vision and touch, we are aware of the posture and motion of our bodies (kinaesthesia) and the amount of effort being exerted by our muscles.
即使被剥夺了视觉和触觉等外感信息，我们也能意识到身体的姿势和运动(动觉)，以及肌肉施加的力度。
{"title":"Proprioceptors and Models of Transduction","authors":"G. Loeb, M. Mileusnic","doi":"10.4249/scholarpedia.12390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4249/scholarpedia.12390","url":null,"abstract":"Even when deprived of exteroceptive sensory information such as vision and touch, we are aware of the posture and motion of our bodies (kinaesthesia) and the amount of effort being exerted by our muscles.","PeriodicalId":74760,"journal":{"name":"Scholarpedia journal","volume":"10 1","pages":"12390"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70964752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-01-01DOI: 10.4249/scholarpedia.30655
D. Jérome
Find the secret to improve the quality of life by reading this organic superconductivity. This is a kind of book that you need now. Besides, it can be your favorite book to read after having this book. Do you ask why? Well, this is a book that has different characteristic with others. You may not need to know who the author is, how well-known the work is. As wise word, never judge the words from who speaks, but make the words as your good value to your life.
{"title":"Organic Superconductivity","authors":"D. Jérome","doi":"10.4249/scholarpedia.30655","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4249/scholarpedia.30655","url":null,"abstract":"Find the secret to improve the quality of life by reading this organic superconductivity. This is a kind of book that you need now. Besides, it can be your favorite book to read after having this book. Do you ask why? Well, this is a book that has different characteristic with others. You may not need to know who the author is, how well-known the work is. As wise word, never judge the words from who speaks, but make the words as your good value to your life.","PeriodicalId":74760,"journal":{"name":"Scholarpedia journal","volume":"10 1","pages":"30655"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70976330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-01-01DOI: 10.4249/scholarpedia.8574
Stuart Wilson, C. Moore
S1 somatotopic maps refers to spatial patterns in the functional organization of neuronal responses in the mammalian primary somatosensory cortex (S1/SI). Here the term ‘map’ refers to a population of neurons that respond selectively to the presence of stimuli that collectively sample from an underlying stimulus space. Maps are referred to as ‘somatotopic’ when that space is related to locations on the body, such that adjacent neurons in the neural tissue respond selectively to stimuli presented to adjacent locations on the body.
{"title":"S1 somatotopic maps","authors":"Stuart Wilson, C. Moore","doi":"10.4249/scholarpedia.8574","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4249/scholarpedia.8574","url":null,"abstract":"S1 somatotopic maps refers to spatial patterns in the functional organization of neuronal responses in the mammalian primary somatosensory cortex (S1/SI). Here the term ‘map’ refers to a population of neurons that respond selectively to the presence of stimuli that collectively sample from an underlying stimulus space. Maps are referred to as ‘somatotopic’ when that space is related to locations on the body, such that adjacent neurons in the neural tissue respond selectively to stimuli presented to adjacent locations on the body.","PeriodicalId":74760,"journal":{"name":"Scholarpedia journal","volume":"10 1","pages":"8574"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70997891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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