Schweizer Monatsschrift fur Zahnmedizin = Revue mensuelle suisse d'odonto-stomatologie = Rivista mensile svizzera di odontologia e stomatologia最新文献

Aim: to understand and analyze knowledge and practices of dentists regarding dental care during pregnancy using a questionnaire which focuses on the knowledge of the relationship between oral infections and complications of pregnancy, the attitude of practitioners on the implementation of dental care during pregnancy and the training of practitioners.

Results: 53.9% of pregnant women are not referred by an obstetrician. Only 59.8% of practitioners believe that dental anesthesia is not contraindicated, and most practitioners believe that the best time for care is the second trimester or after pregnancy. During pregnancy, practitioners realize the motivation for hygiene (90.7%), drainage of an abscess (82.2%), scaling (76.1%), the placement of a splint (74.1%), the treatment of caries (70%), and the removable prosthesis (67.2%).

Conclusion: these results indicate the existence of a gap between the care of pregnant women and the state of the art in dental science, despite current clinical recommendations to deliver all necessary care to pregnant patients during the first, second and third trimester. Moreover, the results highlight the need to reinforce the initial training of dental students, but also to develop the training for practitioners in this field.

This survey aimed to estimate the subjective prevalence of peri-implantitis and its management in the private with and without board certified specialization. For this purpose, a cross-sectional postal and internet survey of 521 dentists, representing all members of the Swiss Society of Oral Implantology (SGI) was conducted (year 2010). The questionnaire consisted of four sections assessing 1) general information regarding the practice setting and education, 2) general questions regarding implantation profile and 3) specific questions regarding the prevalence and experience with the management of peri-implantitis. In the fourth section, therapy options of three exemplary cases were assessed. The data were separately evaluated and compared for specialists (S) and n₋specialists (N-S). A total of 253 questionnaires could be included in the present study. The results revealed that specialists placed significantly more implants than non-specialists. The subjective prevalence of cases with peri₋implantitis was 5-6 and 7-9% after 5 and 10 years, respectively. The polled dentists perceived periodontitis (N-S: 72%; S: 80%), smoking (N-S: 71; S: 77%) and bad compliance (S: 53; N-S: 61%) as the most important risk factors for peri-implantitis. Chlorhexidine was the most frequently used antiseptic agent for disinfection. A surgical approach to treat peri-implantitis was reported by more than 80% of all dentists. Specialists used significantly more resective or regenerative approaches than non-specialists.

Stress and burnout have been well-documented in graduate medical and undergraduate dental education, but studies among dental graduate students and residents are sparse. The purpose of this investigation was to examine perceived stressors and three dimensions of burnout among dental residents enrolled in the University of Bern, Switzerland. Thirty-six residents enrolled in five specialty programmes were administered the Graduate Dental Environment Stress (GDES30) questionnaire and the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). Individual stress items and overall GDES30 scores were used to quantify perceived stress. To measure burnout, proportions of burnout "cases" and MBI subscale scores were computed in the domains of emotional exhaustion (EE), depersonalization (DP) and reduced personal accomplishment (PA). Analyses relied on descriptive and bi-variate methods. The mean GDES30 score was 2.1 (SD = 0.4). "Lack of leisure time", "meeting the research requirement of the programme" and "completing graduation requirements" emerged as the top three stressors. Thirty-six percent of respondents were burnout "cases" on the PA scale, while this proportion was 17% for EE and 8% for DP. Both stress and burnout levels increased according to year of study, whereas younger residents and females had consistently higher stress and burnout scores compared to older ones and males. Overall, low levels of perceived stress and burnout were found among this group of Swiss dental residents.

Dental care of pregnant patients is a demanding task. On one hand, clinicians are facing patients with an altered physiology that may cause a greater need for treatment. On the other hand, pregnancy in itself as well as the unborn child involves potential contraindications to dental interventions. It is therefore essential that dentists be knowledgeable of the ramifications pregnancy has on medical findings and therapy. Also, clinicians must be able to conduct their treatment based on well-grounded data to avoid any harm to the pregnant woman and her unborn child. This article focuses on facts specifically relevant to clinicians. Based on most current scientific data, we aim to answer the following ten questions: 1. What are the physiological changes during pregnancy? 2. What is the adequate lying position for a pregnant patient? 3. Is there a pregnancy-related gingivitis? 4. What is the association between periodontitis, pregnancy and preterm birth? 5. Are there oral manifestations of pregnancy-related therapies? 6. Are caries and erosions inevitable during pregnancy? 7. Should the intake of fluoride be advocated? 8. Is it permissible to x-ray pregnant patients? 9. Is orthodontics contraindicated during pregnancy and 10. Which medication should be administered with caution?

The development of the white spot demineralization associated with fixed appliance orthodontic treatment is a significant clinical problem. Several studies have reported a significant increase in the prevalence and severity of demineralization after orthodontic therapy. Orthodontists should be proactive and take active responsibility to prevent the development of WSL by educating their patients about the importance of maintaining an excellent dietary compliance and oral hygiene regime. In front of the appearance of the white spots, several preserving palliative treatments can be suggested.

Odontomas are the most common odontogenic tumours. They are considered as hamartomas - a local tissue malformation without autonomous growth potential - and are non-neoplastic. Clinically and histopathologically, compound and complex odontomas can be differentiated. Compound odontomas consist of a varying number of tooth-like structures and histology show dental tissues in an orderly pattern. Most often compound odontomas are diagnosed in young patients in the anterior maxilla. Patients are rarely complaining of symptoms and they are usually diagnosed during routine radiographic examinations or due to late eruption of permanent or persistence of deciduous teeth. The following case report presents a disturbed eruption of a lateral right incisor of the maxilla in a 8-year old female patient. Clinical, radiological and histopathological characteristics of this lesion will be discussed as well as therapy and follow-up.

Introduction: The purpose of the present study was to compare conventional intraoral periapical radiographs (PA) with limited cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) for evaluation of mandibular molars prior to apical surgery. The apical extent and homogeneity of the root canal fillings (RCF) as well as the number of root canals were examined.

Methods: 38 molars with 75 roots were included in the study. The apical extent and homogeneity of the RCFs as well as the presence of root canal posts or screws were examined on sagittal CBCT slices and on the PAs. The number of root canals was determined on sagittal CBCT slices and the PAs. The mesial and the distal roots were examined separately.

Results: Considerably more root canals were found on the CBCT slices compared to the PAs. The homogeneity and the extent of the RCFs as well as the presence of root canal posts or screws seem subjectively easier to determine on the PAs.

Conclusion: In mandibular molars, because of the better discrimination of root canal anatomy we recommend a CBCT scan prior to apical surgery.

This article describes the clinical procedure and functioning of the LAVA C.O.S scanner (3MEspe) in making digital impressions of patients. When used in combination with LAVA technology, fully ceramic tooth replacements can be produced in an entirely digital way. After scanning the prepared abutment teeth, the data is directly transmitted to the dental laboratory to enable the production of the ceramic structures, while, on the other hand, stereo lithography can be used to produce master models. The milled and sintered zirconium oxide caps are covered with system-specific baked ceramics on the model. Initial clinical results have confirmed the functionality of the system. C.O.S-(Chairside Oral Scanning) is a true innovation in reconstructive dental medicine.

Purpose: We assessed the potential influence of the origin, the smoking status and the age on subgingival microbial profiles of subjects seeking periodontal care in Switzerland today.

Material and methods: Subgingival samples were obtained from 182 subjects originating from 44 countries (56 native Swiss, 64 other European, 43 African, 19 others), seeking periodontal treatment at the School of Dental Medicine at the University of Geneva. Four periodontal microorganisms were quantified by direct hybridization with specific RNA probes.

Results: Tannerella forsythia and Treponema denticola were ubiquitous (95.6%, 93.9%), and Porphyromonas gingivalis was frequently detected (89%). Counts correlated with the size of the microbial sample (total load). Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans was detected in only 70 (38.4%) subjects. Counts were highly variable and unrelated to total load. Subjects less than 46.8 years old (median age) had a higher risk to be positive than older subjects. Detection frequencies and counts of all four organisms were unrelated to the origin or the smoking status.

Conclusions: Based on a clinical diagnosis of untreated periodontitis, positive outcomes of tests for T. forsythia, T. denticola and P. gingivalis could be predicted with high confidence irrespective of a patient;'s origin, smoking status or age. Detection of A. actinomycetemcomitans was less frequent and depended on the age of the subject.

Unlabelled: Tumorous lesions of the oral cavity are mostly of dental or local pathological origin. On occasion, they may have a distant origin outside the field of dentistry. Under certain circumstances, this can lead to serious consequences. Renal cell carcinomas are known for their frequent metastasis to the lungs, liver, bones, and brain. Metastases to the oral cavity are rare.

Case report: A 68-year-old woman with previously unknown renal cell carcinoma is presented. By biopsy of a suspicious lesion, an intraoral clear cell carcinoma was diagnosed. In the following tumor staging, a metastasizing clear cell renal cell carcinoma was identified as the focus and a systemic therapy was initiated.

Summary: This case report exemplarily shows the importance of timely histological verification of each new intraoral lesion. Under certain circumstances, a diagnosis of a surprising and potentially life-threatening condition may be made in time to initiate adequate treatment.