Pub Date : 2019-09-01DOI: 10.28991/scimedj-2019-0103-1
Rajesh Kumar, Sangeetha Ashok Kumar, K. Bhuvana
The present study endeavors in the preparation and characterization of semi crystalline 45S5 bioglass (BG) (SiO2-CaO-P2O5) through sol gel process. Dry press mold technique was used in the preparation porous BG tablets to examine the bioactivity through invitro studies. The synthesized BG powder was subjected to structural, morphological and mechanical characterization and the bioactivity was examined in vitro by immersing the BG tablet in the Simulated Body Fluid (SBF) solution. XRD pattern and the SEM micrographs revealed the semi crystalline nature of BG with spherical morphology. The elemental analysis confirms the presence of vital constituents required for Bone regeneration (Calcium, Phosphorous, Silica, and Sodium). The surface characterization of BG tablet reveals the pores structure of average pore size of 240nm which contributed to the high surface activity resulting in formation of carbonated hydroxy apatite (HCAP) when immersed in SBF. The disintegration studies denoted the stabilization period was after 48 of immersion of BG tablets in SBF solution. The compressive strength measurement of the tablet also reveals the higher mechanical stability.
{"title":"Preparation and Evaluation of Bioactivity of Porous Bioglass Tablets for Bone Tissue Regeneration","authors":"Rajesh Kumar, Sangeetha Ashok Kumar, K. Bhuvana","doi":"10.28991/scimedj-2019-0103-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28991/scimedj-2019-0103-1","url":null,"abstract":"The present study endeavors in the preparation and characterization of semi crystalline 45S5 bioglass (BG) (SiO2-CaO-P2O5) through sol gel process. Dry press mold technique was used in the preparation porous BG tablets to examine the bioactivity through invitro studies. The synthesized BG powder was subjected to structural, morphological and mechanical characterization and the bioactivity was examined in vitro by immersing the BG tablet in the Simulated Body Fluid (SBF) solution. XRD pattern and the SEM micrographs revealed the semi crystalline nature of BG with spherical morphology. The elemental analysis confirms the presence of vital constituents required for Bone regeneration (Calcium, Phosphorous, Silica, and Sodium). The surface characterization of BG tablet reveals the pores structure of average pore size of 240nm which contributed to the high surface activity resulting in formation of carbonated hydroxy apatite (HCAP) when immersed in SBF. The disintegration studies denoted the stabilization period was after 48 of immersion of BG tablets in SBF solution. The compressive strength measurement of the tablet also reveals the higher mechanical stability.","PeriodicalId":74776,"journal":{"name":"SciMedicine journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41772219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-01DOI: 10.28991/scimedj-2019-0103-4
Fransiska Nuning Kusmawati, Diah Kusumaningrum
Background: Discoloration of denture acrylic resin base is one of the problems in appearance for patients who use them. The most common habit can cause discoloration in the denture usually associated with the patient's diet. One example is consuming red dragon fruit juice. Red dragon fruit juice contains many anthocyanin substances that can give color from colorless to purple. Furthermore, color changes indenture can also cause by the characteristic of the acrylic resin plate itself which can absorb water due to porosity. Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the negative effects of consuming red dragon fruit juice solution on heat cured acrylic resin based plate. Methods: This type of research is laboratory experimental and the design of this research is pre-test post-test with control group design. The number of samples were 32 pieces selected using Simple Random Sampling method. The samples were divided into two groups, control (n = 16, distilled water solution) and tentative (n = 16, red dragon fruit juice solution). Color measurement using a digital spectrophotometer (VITA Easyshade). The initial color of the plate was measured before immersion into dragon fruit juice. The immersion period were 7 days to 14 days, the color of the plates was then measured after immersion. The data analysis test used was Friedman statistical test and Mann Whitney statistical test. Findings: There were significant differences in the color of the heat-cured acrylic resin plate after 7 and 14 days of immersion in distilled water solution and red dragon fruit juice solution. Novelty: Red dragon fruit juice can cause color discoloration on heat cured acrylic resin based plate.
{"title":"Effect of Red Dragon Fruit Juice on Acrylic Resin Color","authors":"Fransiska Nuning Kusmawati, Diah Kusumaningrum","doi":"10.28991/scimedj-2019-0103-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28991/scimedj-2019-0103-4","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Discoloration of denture acrylic resin base is one of the problems in appearance for patients who use them. The most common habit can cause discoloration in the denture usually associated with the patient's diet. One example is consuming red dragon fruit juice. Red dragon fruit juice contains many anthocyanin substances that can give color from colorless to purple. Furthermore, color changes indenture can also cause by the characteristic of the acrylic resin plate itself which can absorb water due to porosity. Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the negative effects of consuming red dragon fruit juice solution on heat cured acrylic resin based plate. Methods: This type of research is laboratory experimental and the design of this research is pre-test post-test with control group design. The number of samples were 32 pieces selected using Simple Random Sampling method. The samples were divided into two groups, control (n = 16, distilled water solution) and tentative (n = 16, red dragon fruit juice solution). Color measurement using a digital spectrophotometer (VITA Easyshade). The initial color of the plate was measured before immersion into dragon fruit juice. The immersion period were 7 days to 14 days, the color of the plates was then measured after immersion. The data analysis test used was Friedman statistical test and Mann Whitney statistical test. Findings: There were significant differences in the color of the heat-cured acrylic resin plate after 7 and 14 days of immersion in distilled water solution and red dragon fruit juice solution. Novelty: Red dragon fruit juice can cause color discoloration on heat cured acrylic resin based plate.","PeriodicalId":74776,"journal":{"name":"SciMedicine journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47343782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-01DOI: 10.28991/scimedj-2019-0103-5
Mya Theingi, Kay Thi Tun, N. Aung
Perovskite LaFeO3 is one of the most useful materials for the application in a catalyst, gas sensors, and fuel cells, etc. LaFeO3 nanoparticles were synthesized by the citrate sol-gel method. According to the TG-DTA analysis on LaFeO3 xerogel powder, the proper crystallization temperature was found to be at 450 °C. The TEM images also show clear crystal formation was started at 450 °C. The LaFeO3 nanocrystalline particles were obtained by sintering the calcined powders at different temperatures (800 °C, 900 °C, and 1000 °C) for 4 hours. The resulting particles were characterized by XRD, EDXRF, FT IR, and SEM analysis. At 900 °C, the XRD pattern of LaFeO3 shows an orthorhombic crystal structure. The average crystallite sizes vary between 30-60 nm and the increase in crystallite size with increasing sintering temperatures and it may be due to the increase in grain growth. FT IR analysis shows strong La-O and Fe-O vibrations. Based on the XRD and FT IR data, the optimum sintering temperature was chosen at 900 °C. The SEM micrographs show that the morphology of LaFeO3 has small-sized grains with round shape. The optical properties were determined by UV-visible spectroscopy in the wavelength range of 300 nm-700 nm. The optical band gap energy values of LaFeO3 using Tauc’s plot were found to be about 2.45 eV. These results indicate that the LaFeO3 prepared by the sol-gel method has a relatively lower band gap value and so it can have the potential for photocatalytic applications.
{"title":"Preparation, Characterization and Optical Property of LaFeO3 Nanoparticles via Sol-Gel Combustion Method","authors":"Mya Theingi, Kay Thi Tun, N. Aung","doi":"10.28991/scimedj-2019-0103-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28991/scimedj-2019-0103-5","url":null,"abstract":"Perovskite LaFeO3 is one of the most useful materials for the application in a catalyst, gas sensors, and fuel cells, etc. LaFeO3 nanoparticles were synthesized by the citrate sol-gel method. According to the TG-DTA analysis on LaFeO3 xerogel powder, the proper crystallization temperature was found to be at 450 °C. The TEM images also show clear crystal formation was started at 450 °C. The LaFeO3 nanocrystalline particles were obtained by sintering the calcined powders at different temperatures (800 °C, 900 °C, and 1000 °C) for 4 hours. The resulting particles were characterized by XRD, EDXRF, FT IR, and SEM analysis. At 900 °C, the XRD pattern of LaFeO3 shows an orthorhombic crystal structure. The average crystallite sizes vary between 30-60 nm and the increase in crystallite size with increasing sintering temperatures and it may be due to the increase in grain growth. FT IR analysis shows strong La-O and Fe-O vibrations. Based on the XRD and FT IR data, the optimum sintering temperature was chosen at 900 °C. The SEM micrographs show that the morphology of LaFeO3 has small-sized grains with round shape. The optical properties were determined by UV-visible spectroscopy in the wavelength range of 300 nm-700 nm. The optical band gap energy values of LaFeO3 using Tauc’s plot were found to be about 2.45 eV. These results indicate that the LaFeO3 prepared by the sol-gel method has a relatively lower band gap value and so it can have the potential for photocatalytic applications.","PeriodicalId":74776,"journal":{"name":"SciMedicine journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41422161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-01DOI: 10.28991/scimedj-2019-0103-2
P. Lappalainen
Organizational bullying and harassment constitute severe adversaries inducing trauma in their targets. As their occurrences began to proliferate alarmingly in the postmodern era, they started attracting academic and practitioner interest due to their implications for individual health and organizational productivity. More recently and coinciding with the adoption of facilitative conflict mediation methodology in organizations, incivility has increasingly been explored through the growth its consequences can potentially trigger in individuals. Thus far, conflict research has abounded in studies of e.g. mediator style, mediation process phases, disputant behavior and conflict types, while the longer-term influences of conflicts and the related mediation have attracted less research attention. This empirical investigation explores the negative undercurrents in team communication through their underlying causes and impacts on individuals. Second, it presents workplace conflict mediation as an instrument restoring team harmony and disputant egos. Finally, it analyzes the positive outcomes associated with conflict mediation and the way it changes individuals’ interaction styles. The findings are based on a qualitative investigation of conflict disputant perceptions, adopting participant observation (n=58) and a qualitative survey (n=42) of disputant perceptions to analyze expectations placed on mediator style and the socio-emotive load experienced during the mediation process. The results corroborate earlier findings indicating that the nondirective mediator style is frequently associated with discomfort in the conflict solution situation and less frequently with immediate satisfaction with the mediator style. Fortunately the nondirective style entails positive and longer-enduring organizational outcomes. Generally the findings confirm the key tenet of the restorative paradigm, describing the facilitative approach as an instrument promoting individual growth and organizational learning. Thematically, such renewal materializes as motivation for self-growth and skilling in self-reflective ability and communication.
{"title":"Conflicts as Triggers of Personal Growth: Post-Traumatic Growth in the Organizational Setup","authors":"P. Lappalainen","doi":"10.28991/scimedj-2019-0103-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28991/scimedj-2019-0103-2","url":null,"abstract":"Organizational bullying and harassment constitute severe adversaries inducing trauma in their targets. As their occurrences began to proliferate alarmingly in the postmodern era, they started attracting academic and practitioner interest due to their implications for individual health and organizational productivity. More recently and coinciding with the adoption of facilitative conflict mediation methodology in organizations, incivility has increasingly been explored through the growth its consequences can potentially trigger in individuals. Thus far, conflict research has abounded in studies of e.g. mediator style, mediation process phases, disputant behavior and conflict types, while the longer-term influences of conflicts and the related mediation have attracted less research attention. This empirical investigation explores the negative undercurrents in team communication through their underlying causes and impacts on individuals. Second, it presents workplace conflict mediation as an instrument restoring team harmony and disputant egos. Finally, it analyzes the positive outcomes associated with conflict mediation and the way it changes individuals’ interaction styles. The findings are based on a qualitative investigation of conflict disputant perceptions, adopting participant observation (n=58) and a qualitative survey (n=42) of disputant perceptions to analyze expectations placed on mediator style and the socio-emotive load experienced during the mediation process. The results corroborate earlier findings indicating that the nondirective mediator style is frequently associated with discomfort in the conflict solution situation and less frequently with immediate satisfaction with the mediator style. Fortunately the nondirective style entails positive and longer-enduring organizational outcomes. Generally the findings confirm the key tenet of the restorative paradigm, describing the facilitative approach as an instrument promoting individual growth and organizational learning. Thematically, such renewal materializes as motivation for self-growth and skilling in self-reflective ability and communication.","PeriodicalId":74776,"journal":{"name":"SciMedicine journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43024819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-01DOI: 10.28991/scimedj-2019-0102-2
Majid Amini Khorasgani, Parisa Nejad, Mohammad Mehdi Moghani Bashi, M. Hedayati
One of the most recent studies in the field of genetics is to investigate the role of microRNAs as biomarkers for the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. It is an inflammatory and degenerative disease of the central nervous myelin, which is manifested in numerous small and large plaques in the white matter of the brain and spinal cord. Formerly called has-miR-377-3p, miR-377-3p is located within the chromosomal region 32q14, and is located in the SOD gene. SOD (Superoxide Dismutase) is a gene located on chromosomal region 22q21 and the protein encoded by this gene is the superoxide dismutase enzyme. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of miR-377 in people with RRMS (Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis) and healthy individuals in the Isfahan population. The study included 49 patients with RRMS and 52 healthy individuals who had no history of autoimmune and inflammatory disease. Total RNA was extracted from the blood lymphocytes of the study subjects using Ficol and Trizol and then made using miRNA cDNA, cDNA specific kit, and expression was measured by real-time RT PCR in healthy subjects and patients. Was. According to the results, miR-377-3p expression was higher in patients than in healthy subjects (P = 0.036) and the sensitivity and diagnostic value of miRNA was AUC = 0.80 (Area under the Curve). ) is. The results were consistent with previous studies and miR-377-3p could be used as a biomarker for the diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis.
{"title":"Evaluation of mir-377-3p Expression in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis","authors":"Majid Amini Khorasgani, Parisa Nejad, Mohammad Mehdi Moghani Bashi, M. Hedayati","doi":"10.28991/scimedj-2019-0102-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28991/scimedj-2019-0102-2","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most recent studies in the field of genetics is to investigate the role of microRNAs as biomarkers for the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. It is an inflammatory and degenerative disease of the central nervous myelin, which is manifested in numerous small and large plaques in the white matter of the brain and spinal cord. Formerly called has-miR-377-3p, miR-377-3p is located within the chromosomal region 32q14, and is located in the SOD gene. SOD (Superoxide Dismutase) is a gene located on chromosomal region 22q21 and the protein encoded by this gene is the superoxide dismutase enzyme. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of miR-377 in people with RRMS (Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis) and healthy individuals in the Isfahan population. The study included 49 patients with RRMS and 52 healthy individuals who had no history of autoimmune and inflammatory disease. Total RNA was extracted from the blood lymphocytes of the study subjects using Ficol and Trizol and then made using miRNA cDNA, cDNA specific kit, and expression was measured by real-time RT PCR in healthy subjects and patients. Was. According to the results, miR-377-3p expression was higher in patients than in healthy subjects (P = 0.036) and the sensitivity and diagnostic value of miRNA was AUC = 0.80 (Area under the Curve). ) is. The results were consistent with previous studies and miR-377-3p could be used as a biomarker for the diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis.","PeriodicalId":74776,"journal":{"name":"SciMedicine journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44987371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-01DOI: 10.28991/scimedj-2019-0102-5
Adam Swierczynski
The voluminous daily output of autism research has become increasingly disconnected, existing largely within highly specific subspecialty areas, and lacking cross-disciplinary linkages of context, theory, and findings to inform a unified body of knowledge. Robust syntheses of published research across the fields of psychiatry, cellular and molecular biology, neurology, endocrinology, immunology, behavioral and social sciences, and pedagogy may help clarify and extend current knowledge by guiding more efficient future research efforts investigating underlying causes, developmental divergences, novel treatments, and specific, sensitive biological markers in autism. This synthesis of interdisciplinary research indicates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) stress axis may be at the center of an interaction among sex steroids, immune function, signaling protein transcriptions, neurogenesis, and dysregulation of brain structures sending or receiving projections from the HPA stress axis. These interactions manifest observably as a range of sexually dimorphic behaviors and functional limitations often falling within the current diagnostic features of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). The pathogenicity of endocrine dysregulation may serve as a valuable model for developing a cohesive theory of ASD by explaining how the HPA and connected brain areas respond to extreme conditions of dysregulated endocrine signaling to cause symptoms associated with autism.
{"title":"Pathogenicity of Endocrine Dysregulation in Autism: The Role of the Melanin-Concentrating Hormone System","authors":"Adam Swierczynski","doi":"10.28991/scimedj-2019-0102-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28991/scimedj-2019-0102-5","url":null,"abstract":"The voluminous daily output of autism research has become increasingly disconnected, existing largely within highly specific subspecialty areas, and lacking cross-disciplinary linkages of context, theory, and findings to inform a unified body of knowledge. Robust syntheses of published research across the fields of psychiatry, cellular and molecular biology, neurology, endocrinology, immunology, behavioral and social sciences, and pedagogy may help clarify and extend current knowledge by guiding more efficient future research efforts investigating underlying causes, developmental divergences, novel treatments, and specific, sensitive biological markers in autism. This synthesis of interdisciplinary research indicates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) stress axis may be at the center of an interaction among sex steroids, immune function, signaling protein transcriptions, neurogenesis, and dysregulation of brain structures sending or receiving projections from the HPA stress axis. These interactions manifest observably as a range of sexually dimorphic behaviors and functional limitations often falling within the current diagnostic features of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). The pathogenicity of endocrine dysregulation may serve as a valuable model for developing a cohesive theory of ASD by explaining how the HPA and connected brain areas respond to extreme conditions of dysregulated endocrine signaling to cause symptoms associated with autism.","PeriodicalId":74776,"journal":{"name":"SciMedicine journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49581309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-01DOI: 10.28991/scimedj-2019-0102-3
Goh Lay-Khim, Yee Bit-Lian
Background: Simulated Patient (SP) is defined as a layperson that simulates to portray the role of a patient with health-related conditions. International Medical University (IMU) has been utilizing SP for more than 10 years, however, the SP's experience toward the SP-based simulation session yet to be explored, the aim of the study was to explore the SP's experience toward the SP-based simulation session. Methods: Total of 6 participants recruited for a focused group interview, with the inclusive criteria of participated at least an SP-based simulation session. The interviewer used a list of guide question to explore both the positive and negative experience of the SP-based simulation session. A combination of manual and computer software Program was used for data management and analysis. Manual transcribing and coding technique was used for data analysis, while Qualitative Data Analysis (QDA) was used for data management and additional analysis. Results: Three main themes and eleven sub-themes have emerged. The first theme was Effective learning session, with the sub-themes of Student learning attitude, Treated as real patient, Standardization among lecturer, Appropriate respond to student and Focused learning outcome; second theme was Motivation, with the sub-themes of Respect, Feedback, and Caring; the third theme was Preparation prior to class, with the sub-themes of Clear instruction, Role-play, and Script. Conclusions: SPs perceived that lecturers should pay attention to the students’ learning outcome and fully utilize SPs for teaching. Besides that, SPs wished to be treated as a real patient due to the lecturer who treated the SPs as they are real patient gave students a mind-set that the learners were actually dealing with a patient with real conditions. SPs supposed that another role of the lecturer was well-prepared the SPs prior to the actual sessions. SPs expressed that students who took the session seriously, well-preparation before the classes, active participation during the sessions and proactive attitude encouraged realistic portrayal of the character. While SP role was memorizing a series of information needed for the scenario, prepare mentally for portrayal certain emotional as well as physical symptoms. Lecturer, SP as well as student influence a successful SP-based simulation session.
{"title":"Simulated Patients’ Experience towards Simulated Patient-Based Simulation Session: A Qualitative Study","authors":"Goh Lay-Khim, Yee Bit-Lian","doi":"10.28991/scimedj-2019-0102-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28991/scimedj-2019-0102-3","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Simulated Patient (SP) is defined as a layperson that simulates to portray the role of a patient with health-related conditions. International Medical University (IMU) has been utilizing SP for more than 10 years, however, the SP's experience toward the SP-based simulation session yet to be explored, the aim of the study was to explore the SP's experience toward the SP-based simulation session. Methods: Total of 6 participants recruited for a focused group interview, with the inclusive criteria of participated at least an SP-based simulation session. The interviewer used a list of guide question to explore both the positive and negative experience of the SP-based simulation session. A combination of manual and computer software Program was used for data management and analysis. Manual transcribing and coding technique was used for data analysis, while Qualitative Data Analysis (QDA) was used for data management and additional analysis. Results: Three main themes and eleven sub-themes have emerged. The first theme was Effective learning session, with the sub-themes of Student learning attitude, Treated as real patient, Standardization among lecturer, Appropriate respond to student and Focused learning outcome; second theme was Motivation, with the sub-themes of Respect, Feedback, and Caring; the third theme was Preparation prior to class, with the sub-themes of Clear instruction, Role-play, and Script. Conclusions: SPs perceived that lecturers should pay attention to the students’ learning outcome and fully utilize SPs for teaching. Besides that, SPs wished to be treated as a real patient due to the lecturer who treated the SPs as they are real patient gave students a mind-set that the learners were actually dealing with a patient with real conditions. SPs supposed that another role of the lecturer was well-prepared the SPs prior to the actual sessions. SPs expressed that students who took the session seriously, well-preparation before the classes, active participation during the sessions and proactive attitude encouraged realistic portrayal of the character. While SP role was memorizing a series of information needed for the scenario, prepare mentally for portrayal certain emotional as well as physical symptoms. Lecturer, SP as well as student influence a successful SP-based simulation session.","PeriodicalId":74776,"journal":{"name":"SciMedicine journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47638562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-01DOI: 10.28991/scimedj-2019-0102-4
T. Moghaddam, F. Mobaraki, M. Moghaddam, Maryam Jafardokht Bonjar
There are many reasons why people use addictive substances including the euphoric and stimulating effects they have. This article introduces the addictive substances Paan, Naswar, nicotine, and other related products. It also deals with their use by people who are not aware of their addictive properties and use them for their side effects as mouth freshener and tasty and fragrant snacks. Furthermore, they are marketed in beautiful and attractive packages for various age groups, even children and adolescents (who inadvertently use them, without being aware of their effects and over time become addicted to them). Therefore, providing information to, and constant education of, target groups can be effective in improving the public health.
{"title":"A Review on the Addictive Materials Paan Masala (Paan Parag) and Nass (Naswar)","authors":"T. Moghaddam, F. Mobaraki, M. Moghaddam, Maryam Jafardokht Bonjar","doi":"10.28991/scimedj-2019-0102-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28991/scimedj-2019-0102-4","url":null,"abstract":"There are many reasons why people use addictive substances including the euphoric and stimulating effects they have. This article introduces the addictive substances Paan, Naswar, nicotine, and other related products. It also deals with their use by people who are not aware of their addictive properties and use them for their side effects as mouth freshener and tasty and fragrant snacks. Furthermore, they are marketed in beautiful and attractive packages for various age groups, even children and adolescents (who inadvertently use them, without being aware of their effects and over time become addicted to them). Therefore, providing information to, and constant education of, target groups can be effective in improving the public health.","PeriodicalId":74776,"journal":{"name":"SciMedicine journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48200610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-01DOI: 10.28991/scimedj-2019-0102-1
Gabriela Fernandes de Oliveira, B. Cunha, A. Souza, Mariana Giorgiani, Juliana Rizza Ribeiro Batista, P. Alves, Maria Tereza Néri Rosa, S. V. Oliveira
Purpose: The main objective of the present study is to evaluate the violence against the elderly population of the Minas Gerais state, between 2007 and 2017, in order to draw an epidemiologic profile of these events through the gathering of secondary data registered by the Information System for Notifiable Diseases (SINAN). Methods: We analyzed data from the public health system between 2007 and 2017, in order to draw an epidemiologic profile of these events through the gathering of secondary data registered by the Information System for Notifiable Diseases (SINAN). The acts of violence committed were classified according to the injured body part, the number of people involved, the sex of the victim, suspect of alcohol abuse by the aggressor, the race, the marital status, the location, the aggressor’s gender, the relationship with the victim and the evolution to death. Results: By analyzing this data, it was possible to notice 15086 notifications of violence against the elderly in 814 cities of the Minas Gerais state, and 122 of those cities had cases that resulted in deaths. Conclusion: Hence, it was possible to conclude that several aspects exist in this kind of violence, such as the victim’s gender, the type of violence, the number of aggressors, relationship, and others still. Thereby, this study highlights the need of more research on this topic, in order to offer better combat against this type of violent actions, since the increase of the elderly population is due to Brazil’s demographic transition that has been occurring in the last years.
{"title":"Epidemiological Profile of Violence against the Elderly in the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil","authors":"Gabriela Fernandes de Oliveira, B. Cunha, A. Souza, Mariana Giorgiani, Juliana Rizza Ribeiro Batista, P. Alves, Maria Tereza Néri Rosa, S. V. Oliveira","doi":"10.28991/scimedj-2019-0102-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28991/scimedj-2019-0102-1","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The main objective of the present study is to evaluate the violence against the elderly population of the Minas Gerais state, between 2007 and 2017, in order to draw an epidemiologic profile of these events through the gathering of secondary data registered by the Information System for Notifiable Diseases (SINAN). Methods: We analyzed data from the public health system between 2007 and 2017, in order to draw an epidemiologic profile of these events through the gathering of secondary data registered by the Information System for Notifiable Diseases (SINAN). The acts of violence committed were classified according to the injured body part, the number of people involved, the sex of the victim, suspect of alcohol abuse by the aggressor, the race, the marital status, the location, the aggressor’s gender, the relationship with the victim and the evolution to death. Results: By analyzing this data, it was possible to notice 15086 notifications of violence against the elderly in 814 cities of the Minas Gerais state, and 122 of those cities had cases that resulted in deaths. Conclusion: Hence, it was possible to conclude that several aspects exist in this kind of violence, such as the victim’s gender, the type of violence, the number of aggressors, relationship, and others still. Thereby, this study highlights the need of more research on this topic, in order to offer better combat against this type of violent actions, since the increase of the elderly population is due to Brazil’s demographic transition that has been occurring in the last years.","PeriodicalId":74776,"journal":{"name":"SciMedicine journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47576523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-01DOI: 10.28991/SCIMEDJ-2019-0101-1
N. Udechukwu
Children most times are vulnerable to abuse, unable to decide what happen to them and that is why intervention is necessary for the lives of children that are sold to unknown destinations in Nigeria. This study investigates social work intervention strategies against illegal child adoption in Enugu State, Nigeria. Mixed method design is used to authenticate data collected from questionnaire. Ministry of Gender Affairs (Welfare Unit Staff) Enugu and Welfare Office Nsukka were interviewed on the process of adoption and its efficacy. Two hundred questionnaires were shared to 200 respondents using availability sampling as method of their selection. The data were computed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version 20). The findings show that majority 142 (71%) of the respondents saw adoption as acceptable and government approved while 58 (29%) said it stigmatizes and culturally disapproved. It also showed that majority 126 (63%) go for illegal adoption while 74 (37%) follow legal means. The reasons for illegal adoption – 88 (44%) said cheaper avoiding bottlenecked procedures at the social welfare; 81 (40.5%) said fear of being stigmatized by neighbours and 24 (12%) ignorance of its consequences. Some 72 (36%) said that some sell off their babies to avoid the stigma, shame, family/society’s prosecutions, 85 (42.5%) for economic reasons; 24 (12%) is to do away with the baby and continue with life and 19 (9.5%) supports all of the above reasons. Majority 157 (78.5%) said no serious attention has been given by the government to stop baby selling due to corruption of the law enforcement agencies. The entire 200 (100%) respondents agreed that social workers have many roles in preventing illegal adoption like working with the federal ministry of women or gender affairs to ensure proper child adoption and follow up after adoption to ensure the safety of the baby, since many baby buyers use them for rituals. These findings have obvious implications for social policies and future research on child welfare.
{"title":"Social Work Intervention against Illegal Child Adoption","authors":"N. Udechukwu","doi":"10.28991/SCIMEDJ-2019-0101-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28991/SCIMEDJ-2019-0101-1","url":null,"abstract":"Children most times are vulnerable to abuse, unable to decide what happen to them and that is why intervention is necessary for the lives of children that are sold to unknown destinations in Nigeria. This study investigates social work intervention strategies against illegal child adoption in Enugu State, Nigeria. Mixed method design is used to authenticate data collected from questionnaire. Ministry of Gender Affairs (Welfare Unit Staff) Enugu and Welfare Office Nsukka were interviewed on the process of adoption and its efficacy. Two hundred questionnaires were shared to 200 respondents using availability sampling as method of their selection. The data were computed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version 20). The findings show that majority 142 (71%) of the respondents saw adoption as acceptable and government approved while 58 (29%) said it stigmatizes and culturally disapproved. It also showed that majority 126 (63%) go for illegal adoption while 74 (37%) follow legal means. The reasons for illegal adoption – 88 (44%) said cheaper avoiding bottlenecked procedures at the social welfare; 81 (40.5%) said fear of being stigmatized by neighbours and 24 (12%) ignorance of its consequences. Some 72 (36%) said that some sell off their babies to avoid the stigma, shame, family/society’s prosecutions, 85 (42.5%) for economic reasons; 24 (12%) is to do away with the baby and continue with life and 19 (9.5%) supports all of the above reasons. Majority 157 (78.5%) said no serious attention has been given by the government to stop baby selling due to corruption of the law enforcement agencies. The entire 200 (100%) respondents agreed that social workers have many roles in preventing illegal adoption like working with the federal ministry of women or gender affairs to ensure proper child adoption and follow up after adoption to ensure the safety of the baby, since many baby buyers use them for rituals. These findings have obvious implications for social policies and future research on child welfare.","PeriodicalId":74776,"journal":{"name":"SciMedicine journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47938039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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