The neuroscience chronicles最新文献

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Propriospinal neurons involved in coordination of the bladder and urethra 参与膀胱和尿道协调的本体脊髓神经元

The neuroscience chronicles

Pub Date : 2021-07-17 DOI: 10.46439/neuroscience.2.009

引用次数: 0

Inhibition of 11β-HSD1, a key enzyme in the stress management, improves cognition by RL-118 drug treatment 通过RL-118药物治疗，抑制应激管理关键酶11β-HSD1可改善认知

The neuroscience chronicles

Pub Date : 2021-07-17 DOI: 10.46439/neuroscience.2.007

Puigoriol-Illamola, Griñán-Ferré

In recent years, stress and stress-coping mechanisms constitute a growing public healthcare issue concerning modern society. Experiencing stress engenders a great complex mechanism named stress response, which consists of a rapid release of catecholamines by the sympathetic nervous system, followed by a slower response in which hormones, mainly glucocorticoids (GCs), are synthesized and released to the bloodstream. Once the stressful stimulus is perceived, the hypothalamus

近年来，压力和压力应对机制构成了现代社会日益突出的公共卫生问题。经历压力会产生一种叫做压力反应的复杂机制，它包括交感神经系统快速释放儿茶酚胺，随后是一种较慢的反应，其中主要是糖皮质激素(GCs)合成并释放到血液中。一旦感知到压力刺激，下丘脑

引用次数: 0

ALS Skeletal Muscle: Victim or Culprit. 肌萎缩侧索硬化症骨骼肌:受害者还是罪魁祸首。

The neuroscience chronicles

Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.46439/neuroscience.2.012

Agnes Badu-Mensah, Xiufang Guo, James J Hickman

Aside its function in locomotion, posture maintenance and respiration, the human skeletal muscle (hSKM) is reported to be a critical metabolic regulator [1]. The hSKM is acknowledged as the primary site of glucose metabolism and storage [1]. Additionally, it serves as a reservoir for amino acids [1,2]. In recently times, the hSKM has also been described as an endocrine organ. It is known to secrete a plethora of myokines that systemically affect other organs including the liver, pancreas, and immune system among others [3,4]. Proper function of the hSKM is therefore critical for maintaining whole body metabolic homeostasis. As such, perturbations in skeletal muscle resulting in metabolic and functional changes has deleterious consequences on the overall health of an organism. Unsurprisingly, muscle health decline is associated with poor disease prognosis in numerous conditions [2]. Thus, paying attention to muscle health may be pertinent to improving disease outcomes and overall wellbeing of an organism.

引用次数: 2

Role of Ginseng in therapeutic management of Alzheimer’s Disease 人参在老年痴呆症治疗管理中的作用

The neuroscience chronicles

Pub Date : 2020-12-31 DOI: 10.46439/neuroscience.1.001

Rudrarup Bhattacharjee, Dr. Amarendranath Choudhury

While much of research progress has been achieved in last century on Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), the conclusive therapy for the same is still unachieved. Several lines of therapeutic regimes have been introduced, which basically act on slowing down the disease progression. However, adverse side effects on lifelong use of such synthetic drugs are also inevitable. Rationale of such realization has attracted researchers to find alternative medicine for AD therapeutics. Natural products have shown promising response in this regard. Among handful of herbal products, Ginseng is notable and capable of recapitulating the equivalent functional attributes like other synthetic drugs available, with no side effects. In the present communication, based on available literature and reported data, we will discuss various aspects of Ginseng attribution as a potential alternative therapeutic approach for AD and whether it may serve as a novel pathway to treat AD.

虽然在上个世纪对阿尔茨海默病(AD)的研究取得了很大进展，但对该疾病的结论性治疗仍未实现。已经引入了几种治疗方案，基本上都是为了减缓疾病的进展。然而，终身使用这种合成药物的不良副作用也是不可避免的。这种认识的基本原理吸引了研究人员寻找替代药物治疗阿尔茨海默病。天然产物在这方面表现出了良好的反应。在少数草药产品中，人参是值得注意的，它能够像其他合成药物一样重现相同的功能属性，而且没有副作用。在本通讯中，基于现有文献和报道的数据，我们将讨论人参归因作为AD的潜在替代治疗方法的各个方面，以及它是否可能作为治疗AD的新途径。

引用次数: 0

Parkinson’s disease - cell therapy vs gene therapy 帕金森氏症-细胞疗法与基因疗法

The neuroscience chronicles

Pub Date : 2020-12-31 DOI: 10.46439/neuroscience.1.003

引用次数: 0

Association of COVID-19 coronavirus and Kawasaki syndrome like features in 1-5 years old children 1-5岁儿童COVID-19冠状病毒与川崎综合征样特征的相关性

The neuroscience chronicles

Pub Date : 2020-12-31 DOI: 10.46439/neuroscience.1.002

S. Bittmann, A. Weissenstein, G. Villalon, E. Moschüring-Alieva, E. Luchter

In the nightmare of the coronavirus pandemic that is spreading around the world, parents could take comfort in one thing early reports that the virus mysteriously spares children, even though this often leads to critical illness in older people. An article published in the Journal “Pediatrics”, based on 2,143 young people in China, provides the most comprehensive evidence of the spread of the virus among children, and there is bad news and good news [1]. The study confirms that coronavirus infections in children are generally less severe, with more than 90 percent having mild to moderate disease or even being asymptomatic and have more transmitter function for elder people.

在正在全球蔓延的冠状病毒大流行的噩梦中，父母们可以从一件事中得到安慰:早期的报道称，这种病毒神秘地放过了孩子，尽管这往往会导致老年人患上重病。发表在《儿科学》杂志上的一篇文章对中国2143名青少年进行了调查，提供了病毒在儿童中传播的最全面证据，有坏消息也有好消息[1]。该研究证实，儿童冠状病毒感染通常不太严重，90%以上的儿童患有轻中度疾病甚至无症状，并且对老年人具有更多的传递功能。

引用次数: 2

MicroRNA silencing: A promising therapy for Alzheimer's disease. 微RNA沉默：一种治疗阿尔茨海默病的前景广阔的疗法。

The neuroscience chronicles

Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.46439/neuroscience.1.004

Neelima B Chauhan

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a global health crisis currently afflicting ~6 million Americans (and ~40 million people worldwide). By the middle of the century, these numbers will stagger by ~16 million Americans (and ~152 million people worldwide) suffering from AD, if breakthrough disease-modifying treatments are not discovered. Currently, there are no treatments to prevent, halt or cure the disease. Multiple independent studies on brain gene expression patterns have indicated that in AD about 1/3^rd of the genes are upregulated while the rest 2/3^rd of the genes are downregulated. In that regard, AD therapeutics focused on antagomiR-mediated silencing of"upregulated"microRNAs (miRs) may be more feasible since upregulated miRs in AD continue to increase with the disease progression, as opposed to agomiR-mediated overexpression of down-regulated miRs with unpredictable reduced presence and relative short-life of 1-3h under pathological conditions in AD brain. Studies reported thus far indicate that most of the upregulated pathogenic genes in AD are regulated by pro-inflammatory microRNAs (miRs). Given the precedence of chronic neuroinflammation in triggering AD-like neurodegeneration and multifactorial nature of AD, silencing inflammation-specific micro-RNAs using antisense-microRNAs may be an effective adjuvant therapeutic strategy to prevent, halt or cure AD.

阿尔茨海默病（AD）是一场全球性的健康危机，目前困扰着约 600 万美国人（全球约 4000 万人）。到本世纪中叶，如果没有突破性的改变疾病的治疗方法，这一数字将激增到约 1600 万美国人（全球约 1.52 亿人）患有阿尔茨海默病。目前，还没有任何治疗方法可以预防、阻止或治愈这种疾病。多项关于大脑基因表达模式的独立研究表明，在注意力缺失症中，约有 1/3 的基因上调，而其余 2/3 的基因下调。在这方面，由于在 AD 中，上调的 miRs 会随着疾病的发展而不断增加，因此，与 agomiR 介导的下调 miRs 的过度表达相比，AD 的治疗方法可能更加可行，因为在 AD 大脑的病理条件下，下调的 miRs 的存在减少且寿命相对较短，仅为 1-3 小时。迄今为止的研究表明，AD 中大多数上调的致病基因都是由促炎性微RNA（miRs）调控的。鉴于慢性神经炎症是诱发 AD 类神经变性的先决条件，而且 AD 具有多因素性质，因此使用反义 microRNAs 沉默炎症特异性 microRNAs 可能是预防、阻止或治愈 AD 的有效辅助治疗策略。

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