Pub Date : 2020-09-10DOI: 10.1177/8755123320957945
R. Sorenson
The purpose of this study was to examine the perceptions of undergraduate music education majors regarding the skills needed to teach popular music classes, and their comfort level with those skills. Preservice music educators (N = 81) completed a researcher-designed questionnaire describing their previous experiences with popular music, their perceptions of necessary teaching skills for popular music instruction, their comfort level with those skills, and their overall feelings of preparedness to teach popular music. Respondents rated the teaching skills of ear training, piano/keyboard, and informal learning practices as most important. In addition, respondents indicated that they were most comfortable with the teaching skills of singing, music theory, and informal learning practices. In general, respondents felt moderately prepared to teach popular music, but many believed they were lacking important knowledge and skills, including proficiency on various instruments, understanding how to integrate popular music, and music software proficiency. Implications for music educators are discussed.
{"title":"Perceptions and Preparedness: Preservice Music Educators and Popular Music Teaching Skills","authors":"R. Sorenson","doi":"10.1177/8755123320957945","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/8755123320957945","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to examine the perceptions of undergraduate music education majors regarding the skills needed to teach popular music classes, and their comfort level with those skills. Preservice music educators (N = 81) completed a researcher-designed questionnaire describing their previous experiences with popular music, their perceptions of necessary teaching skills for popular music instruction, their comfort level with those skills, and their overall feelings of preparedness to teach popular music. Respondents rated the teaching skills of ear training, piano/keyboard, and informal learning practices as most important. In addition, respondents indicated that they were most comfortable with the teaching skills of singing, music theory, and informal learning practices. In general, respondents felt moderately prepared to teach popular music, but many believed they were lacking important knowledge and skills, including proficiency on various instruments, understanding how to integrate popular music, and music software proficiency. Implications for music educators are discussed.","PeriodicalId":75281,"journal":{"name":"Update (Music Educators National Conference (U.S.))","volume":"39 1","pages":"34 - 43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/8755123320957945","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43261711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-31DOI: 10.1177/8755123320953435
Hyesoo Yoo
In a global society, 21st century skills are fundamental for every student. Furthermore, in today’s digital world, technology is expected to be part of students’ learning experiences. In the following research-to-resource article, I provide practical strategies and ideas for integrating technology into a performing ensemble program in order to develop students’ 21st century skills. In particular, I provide specific practices which use technology to fulfill 21st century skill—creativity, critical thinking, collaboration, communication, technology literacy, and cross-cultural skills.
{"title":"Research-to-Resource: Use of Technology to Support 21st Century Skills in a Performing Ensemble Program","authors":"Hyesoo Yoo","doi":"10.1177/8755123320953435","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/8755123320953435","url":null,"abstract":"In a global society, 21st century skills are fundamental for every student. Furthermore, in today’s digital world, technology is expected to be part of students’ learning experiences. In the following research-to-resource article, I provide practical strategies and ideas for integrating technology into a performing ensemble program in order to develop students’ 21st century skills. In particular, I provide specific practices which use technology to fulfill 21st century skill—creativity, critical thinking, collaboration, communication, technology literacy, and cross-cultural skills.","PeriodicalId":75281,"journal":{"name":"Update (Music Educators National Conference (U.S.))","volume":"39 1","pages":"10 - 14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/8755123320953435","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44893903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-27DOI: 10.1177/8755123320953629
Erich A. Weiger
The purpose of this literature review was to synthesize relevant research concerning the blended learning and flipped lesson models, and their potential role in performance-based music classrooms. I provide theoretical backgrounds of these models and introduce Puentedura’s Substitution Augmentation Modification Redefinition model as a possible framework for implementation. Overall effectiveness and challenges of the blended learning and flipped lesson models are discussed. Finally, research and experience-based suggestions for practice are provided to help music educators implement these learning models in their classrooms.
{"title":"Flipped Lessons and the Secondary-Level Performance-Based Music Classroom: A Review of Literature and Suggestions for Practice","authors":"Erich A. Weiger","doi":"10.1177/8755123320953629","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/8755123320953629","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this literature review was to synthesize relevant research concerning the blended learning and flipped lesson models, and their potential role in performance-based music classrooms. I provide theoretical backgrounds of these models and introduce Puentedura’s Substitution Augmentation Modification Redefinition model as a possible framework for implementation. Overall effectiveness and challenges of the blended learning and flipped lesson models are discussed. Finally, research and experience-based suggestions for practice are provided to help music educators implement these learning models in their classrooms.","PeriodicalId":75281,"journal":{"name":"Update (Music Educators National Conference (U.S.))","volume":"39 1","pages":"44 - 53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/8755123320953629","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47789220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-21DOI: 10.1177/8755123320951994
Kathryn Ang, C. Panebianco, Albi Odendaal
The relationship between a parent and a teacher can be fraught with difficulties because of role conflicts that may result from the negotiations that occur between them. We synthesized recent perspectives drawn from the research literature on parent-teacher relationships with that of role theory, and aim to demonstrate how the current research literature can be used to describe the roles of parents and teachers and their relationship to one another in music lessons. Our findings indicate that parents often play multiple roles such as home supervisors, supporters, providers, role models, partners in education, and consumers, whereas teachers may play the roles of professional musicians, educators, partners in education, and role models. We argue that roles should be understood as resulting from interaction and negotiation between parties in a relationship, and suggest that concepts from role theory are helpful tools for the reconceptualization of parents’ and teachers’ roles.
{"title":"Viewing the Parent-Teacher Relationship in Music Education Through the Lens of Role Theory: A Literature Review","authors":"Kathryn Ang, C. Panebianco, Albi Odendaal","doi":"10.1177/8755123320951994","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/8755123320951994","url":null,"abstract":"The relationship between a parent and a teacher can be fraught with difficulties because of role conflicts that may result from the negotiations that occur between them. We synthesized recent perspectives drawn from the research literature on parent-teacher relationships with that of role theory, and aim to demonstrate how the current research literature can be used to describe the roles of parents and teachers and their relationship to one another in music lessons. Our findings indicate that parents often play multiple roles such as home supervisors, supporters, providers, role models, partners in education, and consumers, whereas teachers may play the roles of professional musicians, educators, partners in education, and role models. We argue that roles should be understood as resulting from interaction and negotiation between parties in a relationship, and suggest that concepts from role theory are helpful tools for the reconceptualization of parents’ and teachers’ roles.","PeriodicalId":75281,"journal":{"name":"Update (Music Educators National Conference (U.S.))","volume":"39 1","pages":"25 - 33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/8755123320951994","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44684446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-22DOI: 10.1177/8755123320944407
William J. Coppola
Humility is considered to be an important social virtue, particularly in interpersonal contexts. Given the highly social nature of music participation, researchers have begun exploring the potential role that humility might play in music education. The purpose of this study was to examine how middle school, high school, and undergraduate band students (N = 116) perceived the virtue of humility, including whether they viewed it to be a social strength among various types of musicians. Results indicated that students viewed humility to be a positive quality and a social strength for different types of musicians (i.e., band directors, section leaders, famous musicians). However, middle schoolers struggled to articulate a meaning of humility consistent with accepted definitions put forth by social scientists. Based on these findings, I offer recommendations for music educators to model and promote humility as a positive and necessary virtue in their ensembles and classrooms.
{"title":"An Artistic Virtue? Student Perceptions of Humility in Music Participation","authors":"William J. Coppola","doi":"10.1177/8755123320944407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/8755123320944407","url":null,"abstract":"Humility is considered to be an important social virtue, particularly in interpersonal contexts. Given the highly social nature of music participation, researchers have begun exploring the potential role that humility might play in music education. The purpose of this study was to examine how middle school, high school, and undergraduate band students (N = 116) perceived the virtue of humility, including whether they viewed it to be a social strength among various types of musicians. Results indicated that students viewed humility to be a positive quality and a social strength for different types of musicians (i.e., band directors, section leaders, famous musicians). However, middle schoolers struggled to articulate a meaning of humility consistent with accepted definitions put forth by social scientists. Based on these findings, I offer recommendations for music educators to model and promote humility as a positive and necessary virtue in their ensembles and classrooms.","PeriodicalId":75281,"journal":{"name":"Update (Music Educators National Conference (U.S.))","volume":"39 1","pages":"50 - 58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/8755123320944407","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46718086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-22DOI: 10.1177/8755123320943985
K. Adams
Many music educators are concerned about building healthy classroom communities as they prepare to transition to online or blended learning environments. Research involving distance education has indicated that several techniques in the design and delivery of online instruction can increase students’ sense of community, commitment to the course, and overall learning experience. The purpose of this research-to-resource article is to provide music educators with research-based strategies for establishing and connecting students to a sense of community in courses delivered partially or entirely online.
{"title":"Research to Resource: Developing a Sense of Community in Online Learning Environments","authors":"K. Adams","doi":"10.1177/8755123320943985","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/8755123320943985","url":null,"abstract":"Many music educators are concerned about building healthy classroom communities as they prepare to transition to online or blended learning environments. Research involving distance education has indicated that several techniques in the design and delivery of online instruction can increase students’ sense of community, commitment to the course, and overall learning experience. The purpose of this research-to-resource article is to provide music educators with research-based strategies for establishing and connecting students to a sense of community in courses delivered partially or entirely online.","PeriodicalId":75281,"journal":{"name":"Update (Music Educators National Conference (U.S.))","volume":"39 1","pages":"5 - 9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/8755123320943985","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44805280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-19DOI: 10.1177/8755123320935635
Claire Majerus, Donald M. Taylor
The purpose of this study was to investigate elementary music teachers’ perceptions of paraprofessional participation in the classroom and to examine the extent to which instructors provided preparation for their paraprofessional colleagues. Five hundred and four members of the National Association for Music Education completed a 32-item survey utilizing a 3-point Likert-type scale (strongly agree = 3, neither agree nor disagree = 2, strongly disagree = 1). Music teachers indicated that they need help with behavioral reinforcements and transitions in the classroom (e.g., entering, exiting, and moving between activities). They also needed paraprofessionals to adapt music activities for students spontaneously during class, but they provided little to no guidance or training for their colleagues. Out of 504 participants, only 8 (1.6%) indicated any kind of regular meetings with paraprofessionals and special education teachers outside the music classroom to discuss goals and strategies.
{"title":"Elementary Music Teachers’ Experiences Training and Collaborating With Paraprofessionals","authors":"Claire Majerus, Donald M. Taylor","doi":"10.1177/8755123320935635","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/8755123320935635","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to investigate elementary music teachers’ perceptions of paraprofessional participation in the classroom and to examine the extent to which instructors provided preparation for their paraprofessional colleagues. Five hundred and four members of the National Association for Music Education completed a 32-item survey utilizing a 3-point Likert-type scale (strongly agree = 3, neither agree nor disagree = 2, strongly disagree = 1). Music teachers indicated that they need help with behavioral reinforcements and transitions in the classroom (e.g., entering, exiting, and moving between activities). They also needed paraprofessionals to adapt music activities for students spontaneously during class, but they provided little to no guidance or training for their colleagues. Out of 504 participants, only 8 (1.6%) indicated any kind of regular meetings with paraprofessionals and special education teachers outside the music classroom to discuss goals and strategies.","PeriodicalId":75281,"journal":{"name":"Update (Music Educators National Conference (U.S.))","volume":"39 1","pages":"27 - 37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/8755123320935635","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49567572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-02DOI: 10.1177/8755123320924827
Victoria Warnet
The purpose of this article was to review and synthesize research literature on the verbal behaviors of secondary school band and orchestra teachers in their classrooms. A comprehensive search of four journal indices was conducted, which resulted in 35 studies that met the inclusion criteria and were therefore included in this review. A wide range of results were found with regard to teacher talk. A comparison of rates of teacher talk suggests that teachers used more verbal instruction when working with younger and more inexperienced ensembles. Additionally, novice teachers used more teacher talk than experienced teachers. Effective teachers gave more specific feedback and had a greater percentage of completed rehearsal frames. However, teachers varied in the amount of positive and negative feedback they gave. Vocal modeling and questioning seem to be areas of verbal instruction that were underused by teachers of all experience levels in previous research.
{"title":"Verbal Behaviors of Instrumental Music Teachers in Secondary Classrooms: A Review of Literature","authors":"Victoria Warnet","doi":"10.1177/8755123320924827","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/8755123320924827","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this article was to review and synthesize research literature on the verbal behaviors of secondary school band and orchestra teachers in their classrooms. A comprehensive search of four journal indices was conducted, which resulted in 35 studies that met the inclusion criteria and were therefore included in this review. A wide range of results were found with regard to teacher talk. A comparison of rates of teacher talk suggests that teachers used more verbal instruction when working with younger and more inexperienced ensembles. Additionally, novice teachers used more teacher talk than experienced teachers. Effective teachers gave more specific feedback and had a greater percentage of completed rehearsal frames. However, teachers varied in the amount of positive and negative feedback they gave. Vocal modeling and questioning seem to be areas of verbal instruction that were underused by teachers of all experience levels in previous research.","PeriodicalId":75281,"journal":{"name":"Update (Music Educators National Conference (U.S.))","volume":"39 1","pages":"8 - 16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/8755123320924827","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46517362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-01DOI: 10.1177/8755123319889669
K. Arrasmith
Each infant is born with music potential, and early exposure to music and social music interactions may positively affect music development. Researchers have found that infants perceive music, attend to music, respond to music, and engage in social music interactions. Caregivers may enhance their music practices by deepening their infant music development understanding. This literature review includes information about infant development, music perception and preference, music responses, and music-making with caregivers. With the intention of providing insights and practical suggestions that may inform interactions between infants and caregivers (such as parents, guardians, and music educators), the purpose of this literature review was to synthesize research on the topic of infant music development and music experiences. Recommendations for caregivers and music educators are discussed.
{"title":"Infant Music Development and Music Experiences: A Literature Review","authors":"K. Arrasmith","doi":"10.1177/8755123319889669","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/8755123319889669","url":null,"abstract":"Each infant is born with music potential, and early exposure to music and social music interactions may positively affect music development. Researchers have found that infants perceive music, attend to music, respond to music, and engage in social music interactions. Caregivers may enhance their music practices by deepening their infant music development understanding. This literature review includes information about infant development, music perception and preference, music responses, and music-making with caregivers. With the intention of providing insights and practical suggestions that may inform interactions between infants and caregivers (such as parents, guardians, and music educators), the purpose of this literature review was to synthesize research on the topic of infant music development and music experiences. Recommendations for caregivers and music educators are discussed.","PeriodicalId":75281,"journal":{"name":"Update (Music Educators National Conference (U.S.))","volume":" 32","pages":"17 - 9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/8755123319889669","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41252051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-05-31DOI: 10.1177/8755123320930483
D. G. Springer
Intonation is one of the most challenging performance elements for developing wind instrumentalists. There is a need to provide in-service band directors with evidence-based instructional strategies that can be used when teaching their students to perform with accurate intonation. The purposes of this research-to-resource article are to provide band directors with a concise summary of selected research focused on wind instrument intonation, and to provide instructional recommendations based on those research findings that can be used in ensemble rehearsals. Recommendations on full-ensemble tuning strategies, vocalization, tuner usage, and timbral instructions are provided.
{"title":"Research to Resource: Evidence-Based Strategies for Improving Wind Intonation","authors":"D. G. Springer","doi":"10.1177/8755123320930483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/8755123320930483","url":null,"abstract":"Intonation is one of the most challenging performance elements for developing wind instrumentalists. There is a need to provide in-service band directors with evidence-based instructional strategies that can be used when teaching their students to perform with accurate intonation. The purposes of this research-to-resource article are to provide band directors with a concise summary of selected research focused on wind instrument intonation, and to provide instructional recommendations based on those research findings that can be used in ensemble rehearsals. Recommendations on full-ensemble tuning strategies, vocalization, tuner usage, and timbral instructions are provided.","PeriodicalId":75281,"journal":{"name":"Update (Music Educators National Conference (U.S.))","volume":"39 1","pages":"4 - 7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/8755123320930483","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45377064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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