Acta chirurgica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae最新文献

Experience gained with the operation of 108 intra- and suprasellar tumours and the results of the surgical intervention are presented. The transcranial -- subfrontal approach of hypophyseal tumours offers today a circumspect and, in a considerable part of the cases, radical solution. Intratracheal anaesthesia eliminates the surgical risk and radiotherapy prevents relapse. The situation is not quite as unambiguous in the case of craniopharyngeomas and optic tumours. Of the rare varieties, ependymoma and angioblastoma, of the frequent varieties tuberculum sellae meningioma and dermoids, have a promising prospect. Depending upon the mode of appearance, the prognosis of cysticercus and of ectopic pinealoma can be favourable or unfavourable. Since in every case the main task is to save the vision, the result will therefore depend upon early diagnosis.

Measurement in vivo of the pH of superficial muscles of dogs was found suitable for the assessment of the severity of ischaemic muscle damage and for the detection of irreversible lesions.

The arrangement of the gastric muscles of men, dogs and cats was studied from the aspect of functional anatomy. The stomach is divided into 8 segments on the basis of its vascularisation, musculature, structure and function. The muscular structures of the walls of the different segments are different. It was found that the sphincter of the pylorus is formed by the outer longitudinal muscle. The internal oblique muscle separates the sac and the tube system, while the circular musculature contributes mainly to the transport of nutrition.

The serum free fatty acid levels were stuied under the influence of various operations. During surgery, the FFA level rose significantly in patients with arteriosclerosis and cholelithiasis, and also in obese ones, and decreased in hyperfunctional struma patients. Individual fatty acids too showed characteristic changes in these diseases. Under the influence of surgery, saturated fatty acid levels too rose significantly in arteriosclerotic patients.

Patients subjected to transvesical prostatectomy were given before and after the operation Nebcin (Tobramycin) intramuscularly in daily doses of 160 mg for 8 days to prevent infections of the urinary tract which develop almost without fail after operations of this type. The urine of the patients participating in the trials was sterile before operation. Two hours before the operation the patient was given his full daily dose and the serum and urine levels, as well as the concentration of the antibiotic in the tissue were determined. The removed organs were processed under aseptic conditions. Bacteriological assay ensured the measurement of the biologically effective quantity of the drug, in contrast to chemical methods. The 18-hour slanting agar culture of the strain of the species susceptible to the antibiotic under investigation was used. The optical density of the suspension of the culture washed with physiological saline was photonephelometrically adjusted to that of a standard barium sulphate suspension. Compared to the controls the results indicate that the pre- and postoperatively administered antibiotic has a favourable effect on the healing of the wound, and on the progress of the postoperative phase.

The ascites fluid secreted by the isolated perfused liver was studied in rats. The quantity of fluid appearing on the surface of the isolated perfused liver was independent of the pressure in the portal vein and could be raised by the amount of fluid flowing through the liver. Irrespective of the flow conditions, the ischaemic liver will produce more ascites than the intact liver und similar conditions. A rise of hepatic oncotic pressure will not reduce ascites production by the ischaemic liver. With respect to osmolarity there is no difference between the perfusing fluid and ascites. As regards the quantity of bilirubin secreted with ascites no significant difference was found between the control and the ischaemic group. The pertaining literature and the theories of ascites formation are discussed.