P. Kudumo L., Itanna F., Thierfelder C., Kambatuku J.
This article focuses on the results from trials developed to monitor the short-term effects of conventionally tilled systems versus CA on soil quality and crop productivity under conditions of the major cropping systems in central, north-central and north-eastern regions of Namibia. Conventional tillage (CT), Minimum tillage (MT), Minimum tillage, mulch (MT-M), Minimum tillage, rotation (MT-R) and Minimum tillage, mulch and rotation (MT-MR) were the primary treatments tested. Significant differences (p≤0.000) among the treatments were observed in the 0-60 cm soil profiles where MT-M plots had the highest soil moisture content (39.8 mm, Standard Error of Mean 0.2815) over the study period. A significant difference (p=0.0206) in grain yield was observed in the second season with CT plots yielding the highest grain yield (3852.3 kg ha-1, standard error of mean 240.35). Results suggest that CA has the potential to increase water conservation and contribute to reduction of the risk of crop failure. Climate change driven degradation under conventional tillage necessitate alternative sustainable tillage methods. Conservation tillage methods and conservation agricultural practices that minimize soil disturbance while maintaining soil cover need to be adopted more locally as viable alternatives to conventional tillage. Key words: Conservation agriculture, conventional tillage, grain yield, soil moisture content.
{"title":"Soil moisture content and maize grain yield under conventional and conservation agriculture practices - results of short term field tests in liselo, Namibia","authors":"P. Kudumo L., Itanna F., Thierfelder C., Kambatuku J.","doi":"10.5897/ajar2023.16327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ajar2023.16327","url":null,"abstract":"This article focuses on the results from trials developed to monitor the short-term effects of conventionally tilled systems versus CA on soil quality and crop productivity under conditions of the major cropping systems in central, north-central and north-eastern regions of Namibia. Conventional tillage (CT), Minimum tillage (MT), Minimum tillage, mulch (MT-M), Minimum tillage, rotation (MT-R) and Minimum tillage, mulch and rotation (MT-MR) were the primary treatments tested. Significant differences (p≤0.000) among the treatments were observed in the 0-60 cm soil profiles where MT-M plots had the highest soil moisture content (39.8 mm, Standard Error of Mean 0.2815) over the study period. A significant difference (p=0.0206) in grain yield was observed in the second season with CT plots yielding the highest grain yield (3852.3 kg ha-1, standard error of mean 240.35). Results suggest that CA has the potential to increase water conservation and contribute to reduction of the risk of crop failure. Climate change driven degradation under conventional tillage necessitate alternative sustainable tillage methods. Conservation tillage methods and conservation agricultural practices that minimize soil disturbance while maintaining soil cover need to be adopted more locally as viable alternatives to conventional tillage. Key words: Conservation agriculture, conventional tillage, grain yield, soil moisture content.","PeriodicalId":7540,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136271781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study sought to assess the impact of selected soil conservation and water harvesting technologies as promising options for alleviating soil moisture crisis, enhancing soil fertility and reducing soil erosion in the drylands of Eastern Kenya. An experiment was set up to investigate the responses of soil aggregate stability, moisture contents and soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen (SMBC and SMBN) to Zai technology combined with selected integrated nutrient amendment. Zai pit technology involves the use of holes or basins with varying diameters for farming activities in drylands. The experiment was done in a completely randomized block design. Soils (0 to 15cm) from eight treatments (replicated thrice): Zai with no input (ZNO), Zai with sole manure (ZM60), Zai with full rate chemical fertilizer (ZF60), Zai with manure and mineral fertilizer (ZM30F30), conventional with sole manure (CM60), conventional with full rate mineral fertilizer (CF60), conventional with manure and mineral fertilizer (CM30F30) and control (CNO), were subjected to laboratory analyses using various methods as suggested by previous studies. ZM60 recorded 25% significantly high (p<0.05) stable aggregation compared to CM60. 32 days after sowing in the LR2019 season, ZM30F30 recorded 34% significantly high soil moisture content than CM30F30. ZM60 recorded the highest values for SMBC and SMBN which were 17.1% and 36.5% significantly higher that value recorded CM60. The results of this study demonstrate the importance of using Zai technology combined with organic and inorganic amendments as an agricultural intervention that can improve soil aggregate stability, soil moisture content and soil microbial biomass, thus contributing in the overall improvement of soil health and fertility. Key words: Aggregate stability, Mean weight diameter, Soil moisture content, Volumetric water content, Zai pit technology.
{"title":"Zai pit combined with integrated nutrient management for improving soil aggregate stability, moisture content and microbial biomass in drylands of Eastern Kenya","authors":"Cheruto Kebenei Mercy, Mucheru-Muna Monicah, Muriu-Ng’ang’a Felista","doi":"10.5897/ajar2022.16238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ajar2022.16238","url":null,"abstract":"This study sought to assess the impact of selected soil conservation and water harvesting technologies as promising options for alleviating soil moisture crisis, enhancing soil fertility and reducing soil erosion in the drylands of Eastern Kenya. An experiment was set up to investigate the responses of soil aggregate stability, moisture contents and soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen (SMBC and SMBN) to Zai technology combined with selected integrated nutrient amendment. Zai pit technology involves the use of holes or basins with varying diameters for farming activities in drylands. The experiment was done in a completely randomized block design. Soils (0 to 15cm) from eight treatments (replicated thrice): Zai with no input (ZNO), Zai with sole manure (ZM60), Zai with full rate chemical fertilizer (ZF60), Zai with manure and mineral fertilizer (ZM30F30), conventional with sole manure (CM60), conventional with full rate mineral fertilizer (CF60), conventional with manure and mineral fertilizer (CM30F30) and control (CNO), were subjected to laboratory analyses using various methods as suggested by previous studies. ZM60 recorded 25% significantly high (p<0.05) stable aggregation compared to CM60. 32 days after sowing in the LR2019 season, ZM30F30 recorded 34% significantly high soil moisture content than CM30F30. ZM60 recorded the highest values for SMBC and SMBN which were 17.1% and 36.5% significantly higher that value recorded CM60. The results of this study demonstrate the importance of using Zai technology combined with organic and inorganic amendments as an agricultural intervention that can improve soil aggregate stability, soil moisture content and soil microbial biomass, thus contributing in the overall improvement of soil health and fertility. Key words: Aggregate stability, Mean weight diameter, Soil moisture content, Volumetric water content, Zai pit technology.","PeriodicalId":7540,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136277093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study analyzed how Turnitin misjudges semantics used in agricultural extension writing in Nigeria. The paper applied thematic content analysis on 30 selected extension contents from Nigerian sources. Codes, percentage count and line graph were used in analysing data. The results show the inability of Turnitin to recognize agricultural extension semantics, such as, “The study was designed to…”, and “The result shows that…” which were flagged most with 81.0 and 75.0% occurrence, respectively. The text similarity was highest in the methodology section of the work, followed by the literature review section for empirical papers while text similarity peaked in the main body of the paper for non-empirical papers. The paper concludes that Turnitin algorithm is a text matching tool that cannot recognize semantics used in extension in Nigeria. Manual review and/or recalculation of Turnitin text similarity index were recommended. Key words: Extension content, plagiarism, integrity, intellectual property, text similarity Turnitin.
{"title":"Intricacies of utilizing Turnitin tool in agricultural extension content writing in Nigeria","authors":"Odinaka Okoroma Emmanuel, Aja Okoro Ogbonnaya, Ihuoma Agomuo Christiana, Chigozie Godson-Ibeji Comfort, Dianabasi Inyang Nsongurua","doi":"10.5897/ajar2023.16458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ajar2023.16458","url":null,"abstract":"The study analyzed how Turnitin misjudges semantics used in agricultural extension writing in Nigeria. The paper applied thematic content analysis on 30 selected extension contents from Nigerian sources. Codes, percentage count and line graph were used in analysing data. The results show the inability of Turnitin to recognize agricultural extension semantics, such as, “The study was designed to…”, and “The result shows that…” which were flagged most with 81.0 and 75.0% occurrence, respectively. The text similarity was highest in the methodology section of the work, followed by the literature review section for empirical papers while text similarity peaked in the main body of the paper for non-empirical papers. The paper concludes that Turnitin algorithm is a text matching tool that cannot recognize semantics used in extension in Nigeria. Manual review and/or recalculation of Turnitin text similarity index were recommended. Key words: Extension content, plagiarism, integrity, intellectual property, text similarity Turnitin. ","PeriodicalId":7540,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136271776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Telmo Cosme, A. Šumila, S. Ferraz, Angelica Durigon
The IPCC fifth assessment report indicates an increase in air temperature under future scenarios over Mozambique. It may affect the development cycle and length of phenological stages of maize, and compromise the agricultural activity in Mozambique. The goal is to quantify the response of maize phenology to referred projected changes in climate, especially highlighting changes in air temperature patterns over Mozambique. Air temperature was simulated by a regional model, RegCM4, nested by global model HadGEM2 under two IPCC representative scenarios, RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 for far future (2070-2099) relative to the baseline period (1971-2000). The Growing Degree-Days method (GDD) was used to calculate the thermal units accumulated throughout the growing season over the study domain, considering the development cycle of the main cultivars used in Mozambique. However, unlike the widespread increase in accumulated thermal units, there is a reduction in accumulated GDD during the maize growing season over some regions of the country. Over some regions of the country, there is a reduction in accumulated GDD during the maize growing season, unlike the widespread increase in accumulated thermal units. In addition to the flattening of favorable areas for maize growing, another immediate consequence of this reduction is the lengthening of the maize development cycle and possible loss of productivity.
{"title":"Maize phenology as an indicator of climate change simulated by RegCM4 under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 in Mozambique","authors":"Telmo Cosme, A. Šumila, S. Ferraz, Angelica Durigon","doi":"10.5897/ajar2023.16352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ajar2023.16352","url":null,"abstract":"The IPCC fifth assessment report indicates an increase in air temperature under future scenarios over Mozambique. It may affect the development cycle and length of phenological stages of maize, and compromise the agricultural activity in Mozambique. The goal is to quantify the response of maize phenology to referred projected changes in climate, especially highlighting changes in air temperature patterns over Mozambique. Air temperature was simulated by a regional model, RegCM4, nested by global model HadGEM2 under two IPCC representative scenarios, RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 for far future (2070-2099) relative to the baseline period (1971-2000). The Growing Degree-Days method (GDD) was used to calculate the thermal units accumulated throughout the growing season over the study domain, considering the development cycle of the main cultivars used in Mozambique. However, unlike the widespread increase in accumulated thermal units, there is a reduction in accumulated GDD during the maize growing season over some regions of the country. Over some regions of the country, there is a reduction in accumulated GDD during the maize growing season, unlike the widespread increase in accumulated thermal units. In addition to the flattening of favorable areas for maize growing, another immediate consequence of this reduction is the lengthening of the maize development cycle and possible loss of productivity.","PeriodicalId":7540,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44579021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Opportunities, perceptions and challenges in production and use of traditional grains in Semi-Arid Masvingo District, Zimbabwe","authors":"Rugwete Nyasha, Mutibvu Tonderai, E. H. Tinyiko","doi":"10.5897/ajar2023.16439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ajar2023.16439","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7540,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43820899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F.K. Kathimba, P. M. Kimani, Rama Devi Narla, L. Kiirika
{"title":"Heterosis, combining ability and reaction of tomato parental lines and their F1 hybrids to bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum in Kenya","authors":"F.K. Kathimba, P. M. Kimani, Rama Devi Narla, L. Kiirika","doi":"10.5897/ajar2023.16397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ajar2023.16397","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7540,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48280403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Benjamin, Nchimbi-Msolla Susan, Amos Chilagane Luseko
{"title":"Genotype and Environment Interaction for yield performance of 12 Advanced Tongil rice genotypes with Doubled Haploid Background under Salts tress conditions in Tanzania","authors":"P. Benjamin, Nchimbi-Msolla Susan, Amos Chilagane Luseko","doi":"10.5897/ajar2023.16460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ajar2023.16460","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7540,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42524828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Boureima Sakande, Z. Kiébré, Teyiouê Benoit Joseph Batieno, P. Sawadogo, P. Bationo-Kando
{"title":"Genetic diversity of Cleome gynandra germplasm in Burkina Faso using SSRs molecular markers","authors":"Boureima Sakande, Z. Kiébré, Teyiouê Benoit Joseph Batieno, P. Sawadogo, P. Bationo-Kando","doi":"10.5897/ajar2023.16326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ajar2023.16326","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7540,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43607705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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