{"title":"Role of income from rice cultivation on livelihoods of rice farmers: Evidence from Ahero Region, Kenya","authors":"Yamane Yuko, Kikuta Mayumi, I. Kasumi","doi":"10.5897/ajar2021.15590","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ajar2021.15590","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7540,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42516537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Huanting Wang, Lifei Huang, Xialin Zheng, Jianjun Jiang, Xuemei Chao, Lang Yang
Thrip is a collective name for Thysanoptera, an agricultural pest that is widely distributed around the world and transmits viruses, in addition, to directly eating crops, causing extremely serious economic losses. Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) is one of the main viruses transmitted by thrips. Since the discovery of TSWV in 1919, much progress and achievements have been made in its characteristics, mechanism of transmission, comprehensive prevention and control of TSWV in the past hundred years. This article summarizes the characteristics, propagation mechanism and control measures of TSWV transmission in thrips, and looks forward to future research directions.
{"title":"Research progress on tomato spotted wilt virus transmitted by Thrips","authors":"Huanting Wang, Lifei Huang, Xialin Zheng, Jianjun Jiang, Xuemei Chao, Lang Yang","doi":"10.5897/ajar2023.16370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ajar2023.16370","url":null,"abstract":"Thrip is a collective name for Thysanoptera, an agricultural pest that is widely distributed around the world and transmits viruses, in addition, to directly eating crops, causing extremely serious economic losses. Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) is one of the main viruses transmitted by thrips. Since the discovery of TSWV in 1919, much progress and achievements have been made in its characteristics, mechanism of transmission, comprehensive prevention and control of TSWV in the past hundred years. This article summarizes the characteristics, propagation mechanism and control measures of TSWV transmission in thrips, and looks forward to future research directions.","PeriodicalId":7540,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49100132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Impact of climate change on cotton production: The case of three major cotton producing provinces in Zimbabwe","authors":"M. Njanji, C. Parwada","doi":"10.5897/ajar2023.16359","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ajar2023.16359","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7540,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49113390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ekwa Y Monono, A. E. Egbe, E. Monono, L. Levai, E. Asiedu
.
{"title":"Influences of organic waste and inorganic fertilizer for sustainable production of plantain (Musa spp. AAB) in a humid forest zone of Cameroon","authors":"Ekwa Y Monono, A. E. Egbe, E. Monono, L. Levai, E. Asiedu","doi":"10.5897/ajar2023.16349","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ajar2023.16349","url":null,"abstract":".","PeriodicalId":7540,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41620517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kgakole Boitumelo, James Nsoso Shalaulani, Monametsi Kgwatalala Patrick
{"title":"Growth performance of lavender, pearl grey, royal purple and white varieties of domesticated helmeted guinea fowl (Numida meleagris) raised under intensive management system in Botswana","authors":"Kgakole Boitumelo, James Nsoso Shalaulani, Monametsi Kgwatalala Patrick","doi":"10.5897/ajar2016.11207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ajar2016.11207","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7540,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45482932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Adopting a three-strata forage system for an integral food, feed outputs and agro-ecological sustenance","authors":"Oware Dorine, Cheruiyot Erick, Mwonga Samuel, Waswa Lydia, Fischer Sahrah, Hilger Thomas","doi":"10.5897/ajar2023.16335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ajar2023.16335","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7540,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48950359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Afrakomah Amoah Alice, Asante Maxwel, Daniel Boadu Ali, Akowuah Jessica, Lincoln Blavo Philip, Ayireibi Danso Quansah
This experiment was conducted to evaluate the impact of foliar fertilizer on the growth and yield parameters of rice, due to the fact that foliar fertilizer utilization is not a common practice in field crop production in Ghana. Eight treatments comprising two (Recommended fertilizer application rate for farmers) and six others which are the foliar fertilizer (Boost Xtra foliar fertilizer) were used. The analyzed results showed significant differences in some growth and yield parameters measured. On the whole, performance of the foliar fertilizer treatments compared with the recommended soil-applied fertilizer treatments was good. Amongst the foliar fertilizer treatments also, application of 150 ml Boost Xtra/15l H 2 O output was better than its other foliar fertilizer treatments. The entire results suggest that it is possible to utilize foliar fertilizer in the cultivation of rice and also the application of foliar fertilizer at a rate of 150 ml Boost Xtra /15l H 2 O either at (basal + panicle initiation) or (basal + panicle initiation + Heading) could be an option for adoption in the cultivation of rice.
{"title":"Response of rice (Oryza sativa L.) to foliar fertilizer","authors":"Afrakomah Amoah Alice, Asante Maxwel, Daniel Boadu Ali, Akowuah Jessica, Lincoln Blavo Philip, Ayireibi Danso Quansah","doi":"10.5897/ajar2023.16341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ajar2023.16341","url":null,"abstract":"This experiment was conducted to evaluate the impact of foliar fertilizer on the growth and yield parameters of rice, due to the fact that foliar fertilizer utilization is not a common practice in field crop production in Ghana. Eight treatments comprising two (Recommended fertilizer application rate for farmers) and six others which are the foliar fertilizer (Boost Xtra foliar fertilizer) were used. The analyzed results showed significant differences in some growth and yield parameters measured. On the whole, performance of the foliar fertilizer treatments compared with the recommended soil-applied fertilizer treatments was good. Amongst the foliar fertilizer treatments also, application of 150 ml Boost Xtra/15l H 2 O output was better than its other foliar fertilizer treatments. The entire results suggest that it is possible to utilize foliar fertilizer in the cultivation of rice and also the application of foliar fertilizer at a rate of 150 ml Boost Xtra /15l H 2 O either at (basal + panicle initiation) or (basal + panicle initiation + Heading) could be an option for adoption in the cultivation of rice.","PeriodicalId":7540,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41599469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tetranychus evansi is an invasive pest of Solanaceae in West Africa. It causes severe damage and economic losses in tomato production. This study, conducted in four sites (Loumbila, Ouagadougou, Pabré and Tanghin-Dassouri) in the central zone of Burkina Faso, assessed the density of T. evansi over two growing seasons and evaluated the infestation levels through the tomato growth cycle from planting up to harvest. Mite’s population was assessed weekly from March to May durinrg the dry season and from August to October for the rainy season in Burkina Faso. We found a high density of T. evansi during the hot and dry periods, corresponding to increase temperatures. The Loumbila, Pabré, and Tanghin-Dassouri sites show a similar density of the mite’s population and generally have an average of fewer than 20 individuals per leaf compared to the site in Ouagadougou with a density of more than 80 individuals per leaf. In contrast, during the rainy season, which is characterized by high humidity, densities of T. evansi were as low as 10 individuals per leaf. We also found that, when climatic and environmental conditions are favorable, all growth stages of the tomato are attacked by the pest.
{"title":"Population dynamics and infestation level of Tetranychus evansi Baker and Pritchard, 1960 (Acari: Tetranychidae) over two tomato planting seasons in Burkina Faso","authors":"Drabo E., Traore F., Waongo A., C. L., Sanon A.","doi":"10.5897/ajar2023.16366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ajar2023.16366","url":null,"abstract":"Tetranychus evansi is an invasive pest of Solanaceae in West Africa. It causes severe damage and economic losses in tomato production. This study, conducted in four sites (Loumbila, Ouagadougou, Pabré and Tanghin-Dassouri) in the central zone of Burkina Faso, assessed the density of T. evansi over two growing seasons and evaluated the infestation levels through the tomato growth cycle from planting up to harvest. Mite’s population was assessed weekly from March to May durinrg the dry season and from August to October for the rainy season in Burkina Faso. We found a high density of T. evansi during the hot and dry periods, corresponding to increase temperatures. The Loumbila, Pabré, and Tanghin-Dassouri sites show a similar density of the mite’s population and generally have an average of fewer than 20 individuals per leaf compared to the site in Ouagadougou with a density of more than 80 individuals per leaf. In contrast, during the rainy season, which is characterized by high humidity, densities of T. evansi were as low as 10 individuals per leaf. We also found that, when climatic and environmental conditions are favorable, all growth stages of the tomato are attacked by the pest.","PeriodicalId":7540,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48007871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The walk-behind control of single-axle tractors imposes a great workload on the operators which increases muscular fatigue. Experienced operators were involved during field experiments to investigate and establish the magnitudes of hand-transmitted vibration experienced by single-axle tractor operators with and without vibration reduction isolators during tillage operation. The results indicated that the magnitudes of vibration total values were 5.694 m/s 2 at approximately 1500 rpm on stationary mode, 6.972 and 7.985 m/s 2 at 1.5 and 2.7 km/h respectively during tillage operation. The use of rubber with metallic washers as vibration reduction isolators result in a significant reduction in magnitudes of vibration total values to 3.656 m/s 2 in stationary mode, 4.365 and 4.958 m/s 2 at 1.5 and 2.7 km/h respectively during tillage operation. The National standard TZS 1471 (2018) and ISO 5349-2 (2001) warns that, the exposure to higher magnitudes of vibration presumably carries increased health risk towards vibration-induced disorders and other occupational hazards associated with body fatigue. These call for collaborative efforts among design engineers, researchers, and the research and development organizations to further study the human-machine interaction behaviour of single-axle tractors and human engineering data to ensure human safety, satisfaction of the single-axle tractor operators and ensure safe and healthy working environments.
单轴拖拉机的行走控制给操作员带来了巨大的工作量，增加了肌肉疲劳。有经验的操作员参与了现场实验，以调查和确定单轴拖拉机操作员在耕作操作过程中使用和不使用减振器时所经历的手动传递振动的大小。结果表明，在静止模式下，1500转/分左右的振动总量为5.694米/秒2，在1.5和2.7公里/小时时，振动总量分别为6.972和7.985米/秒。使用带金属垫圈的橡胶作为减振器可使振动总量在静止模式下显著降低至3.656 m/s 2，在耕作操作期间，在1.5和2.7 km/h下分别降低至4.365和4.958 m/s 2。国家标准TZS 1471（2018）和ISO 5349-2（2001）警告说，暴露在更高强度的振动中可能会增加振动引起的疾病和其他与身体疲劳相关的职业危害的健康风险。这些要求设计工程师、研究人员和研发组织共同努力，进一步研究单轴拖拉机的人机交互行为和人类工程数据，以确保人类安全和单轴拖拉机操作员的满意度，并确保安全健康的工作环境。
{"title":"Evaluation of vibration reduction isolators for hand transmitted vibration of single-axle tractors","authors":"Hassan A.S., G. N. N., A. B.","doi":"10.5897/ajar2022.16283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ajar2022.16283","url":null,"abstract":"The walk-behind control of single-axle tractors imposes a great workload on the operators which increases muscular fatigue. Experienced operators were involved during field experiments to investigate and establish the magnitudes of hand-transmitted vibration experienced by single-axle tractor operators with and without vibration reduction isolators during tillage operation. The results indicated that the magnitudes of vibration total values were 5.694 m/s 2 at approximately 1500 rpm on stationary mode, 6.972 and 7.985 m/s 2 at 1.5 and 2.7 km/h respectively during tillage operation. The use of rubber with metallic washers as vibration reduction isolators result in a significant reduction in magnitudes of vibration total values to 3.656 m/s 2 in stationary mode, 4.365 and 4.958 m/s 2 at 1.5 and 2.7 km/h respectively during tillage operation. The National standard TZS 1471 (2018) and ISO 5349-2 (2001) warns that, the exposure to higher magnitudes of vibration presumably carries increased health risk towards vibration-induced disorders and other occupational hazards associated with body fatigue. These call for collaborative efforts among design engineers, researchers, and the research and development organizations to further study the human-machine interaction behaviour of single-axle tractors and human engineering data to ensure human safety, satisfaction of the single-axle tractor operators and ensure safe and healthy working environments.","PeriodicalId":7540,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42631690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper examines the competitiveness of The Gambia agri-food exports from 2012 to 2021 utilizing the revealed comparative advantage index, the Kaplan-Meier survival function, and Cox regression model. The results indicate that thirteen of the twenty-four products have comparative advantages in the global market, while seven of the twenty-four products have comparative advantages in the regional market. In terms of product structure, raw materials are sources of comparative advantage in global trade. While processed products offer comparative advantages in regional trade. In general, global agri-food trade has comparative advantages over regional agri-food trade. However, the duration test indicates that competitive positions are generally declining. Survival chances fell from 96% at the start of the period to 13% at the end, indicating that The Gambia faces fierce competition in global and regional agri-food trade. The hazard regression analysis reveals that inflation and good governance significantly reduce the hazard rate and hence improve the duration of agro-food exports.
{"title":"The competitiveness of The Gambia agro-food trade","authors":"Bojang Baseedy","doi":"10.5897/ajar2023.16384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ajar2023.16384","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the competitiveness of The Gambia agri-food exports from 2012 to 2021 utilizing the revealed comparative advantage index, the Kaplan-Meier survival function, and Cox regression model. The results indicate that thirteen of the twenty-four products have comparative advantages in the global market, while seven of the twenty-four products have comparative advantages in the regional market. In terms of product structure, raw materials are sources of comparative advantage in global trade. While processed products offer comparative advantages in regional trade. In general, global agri-food trade has comparative advantages over regional agri-food trade. However, the duration test indicates that competitive positions are generally declining. Survival chances fell from 96% at the start of the period to 13% at the end, indicating that The Gambia faces fierce competition in global and regional agri-food trade. The hazard regression analysis reveals that inflation and good governance significantly reduce the hazard rate and hence improve the duration of agro-food exports.","PeriodicalId":7540,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47649761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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