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Annual review of pharmacology最新文献

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Chemical reactions of sulfonamides with carbonic anhydrase. 磺胺类化合物与碳酸酐酶的化学反应。
Annual review of pharmacology
Pub Date : 1975-01-01 DOI: 10.1146/annurev.pa.15.040175.001253
J E Coleman
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引用次数: 66
In vitro models in the study of structure-activity relationships of narcotic analgesics. 麻醉镇痛药构效关系的体外模型研究。
Annual review of pharmacology
Pub Date : 1975-01-01 DOI: 10.1146/annurev.pa.15.040175.000333
H W Kosterlitz, A A Waterfield

Evidence has been adduced for the view that the morphiness receptor or receptors in the myenteric plexus of guinea pig ileum are very similar to the brain receptors that mediate the analgesic action of the narcotic alagesics. Such an in vitro model is very suitable for the study of structure-activity relationships because the angonist and antagonist activities of compounds can readily be assessed. One example is the investigation of the effects of changes at the N atom. Another point of interest is the role of substitutions at the C14 atom in morphine and morphinans. Such alterations in structure may have a profound effect on the relative agonist and antagonist activities and may convert a drug with dual agonist and antagonist actions into an antagonist devoid of agonist action.

有证据表明，豚鼠回肠肌丛的形态受体或受体与介导麻醉性镇痛药镇痛作用的脑受体非常相似。这种体外模型非常适合研究结构-活性关系，因为化合物的激动剂和拮抗剂活性可以很容易地评估。一个例子是对N原子变化的影响的研究。另一个有趣的点是在吗啡和吗啡中C14原子取代的作用。这种结构的改变可能对相对激动剂和拮抗剂的活性产生深远的影响，并可能将具有双重激动剂和拮抗剂作用的药物转化为没有激动剂作用的拮抗剂。
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引用次数: 265
Review of reviews. 审查的审查。
Annual review of pharmacology
Pub Date : 1975-01-01 DOI: 10.1146/annurev.pa.15.040175.002341
C D Leake
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引用次数: 0
Clinical relevance of drugs affecting tryptophan transport. 影响色氨酸转运的药物的临床意义。
Annual review of pharmacology
Pub Date : 1975-01-01 DOI: 10.1146/annurev.pa.15.040175.000445
R Paoletti, C Sirtori, P F Spano
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引用次数: 20
Pharmacology of marijuana. 大麻药理学。
Annual review of pharmacology
Pub Date : 1975-01-01 DOI: 10.1146/annurev.pa.15.040175.001203
W D Paton
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引用次数: 164
How I became a pharmacologist. 我是如何成为药理学家的。
Annual review of pharmacology
Pub Date : 1975-01-01 DOI: 10.1146/annurev.pa.15.040175.000245
S V Anichkov
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引用次数: 0
Effects of drugs on uric acid in man. 药物对人体尿酸的影响。
Annual review of pharmacology
Pub Date : 1975-01-01 DOI: 10.1146/annurev.pa.15.040175.001551
W N Kelley

In this review the drugs capable of increasing or lowering the serum urate concentration are considered with regard to mechanism of action and significance of the effect, where known. Several hypouricemic agents, probenecid, sulfinpyrazone, and allopurinol, are considered in further detail because of their major clinical importance. No effort has been made, however, to summarize the relative clinical indications for each agent. In addition, in those cases where specific details could not be included because of limitation of space, the appropiate reference has been given.

在这篇综述中，能够增加或降低血清尿酸浓度的药物，在已知的情况下，考虑了作用机制和作用的意义。由于其重要的临床意义，我们进一步详细地讨论了几种降尿酸药物，如丙戊酸、磺胺吡嗪和别嘌呤醇。然而，没有努力去总结每种药物的相关临床适应症。此外，在由于篇幅所限而不能列入具体细节的情况下，已提供了适当的参考。
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引用次数: 54
Oral contraceptives: relations to mammary cancer, benign breast lesions, and cervical cancer. 口服避孕药:与乳腺癌、乳腺良性病变、宫颈癌的关系。
Annual review of pharmacology
Pub Date : 1975-01-01 DOI: 10.1146/annurev.pa.15.040175.002055
V A Drill

The results of experimental studies on the relationship of estrogens and oral contraceptives to mammary lesions demonstrate that the type of response obtained depends largely on the species and strain of animal that is employed. A variety of clinical studies has failed to demonstrate that estrogen can cause mammary cancer, this lack of effort correlates with the results obtained in various studies in animals. Similar relationships exist for oral contraceptives, and the clinical data show good agreement in demonstrating that the contraceptive steroids do not have a tumorigenic effect on the human mammary gland. Estrogen can increase the occurrence of cervical cancer in certain strains of mice, but apparently this effect is not observed in other species of animals, including man. The preponderance of data shows that oral contraceptives do not adversely affect the occurence of abnormal Papanicolaou smears, cervical dysplasia, cervical cancer in situ, or invasive cervical cancer.

关于雌激素和口服避孕药与乳腺病变关系的实验研究结果表明，所获得的反应类型在很大程度上取决于所使用动物的种类和品系。各种临床研究都未能证明雌激素可导致乳腺癌，这种努力的缺乏与各种动物研究的结果有关。口服避孕药也存在类似的关系，临床数据很好地证明了避孕类固醇对人类乳腺没有致瘤作用。雌激素可以增加某些品种的小鼠宫颈癌的发生，但显然在其他种类的动物，包括人类身上没有观察到这种影响。大量资料显示，口服避孕药不会对宫颈涂片异常、宫颈发育不良、原位宫颈癌或浸润性宫颈癌的发生产生不利影响。
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引用次数: 19
The cholinergic receptor protein in its membrane environment. 胆碱能受体蛋白在膜环境中的作用。
Annual review of pharmacology
Pub Date : 1975-01-01 DOI: 10.1146/annurev.pa.15.040175.000503
J B Cohen, J P Changeux
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引用次数: 85
Amino acids as central neurotransmitters. 氨基酸作为中枢神经递质。
Annual review of pharmacology
Pub Date : 1975-01-01 DOI: 10.1146/annurev.pa.15.040175.000541
F V DeFeudis
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引用次数: 101
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