Anthony F. Badalamenti Ph. D, Robert J. Langs M. D., James Robinson M. S.
This paper presents a quantified study of the use of words by seven famous male poets. The key measures are the waiting times between the invocation of new words and the complexity or informational entropy of word usage as the poem unfolds. The main stochastic finding is that the emergence of new words is a Poisson process. Each poet thus has a distinctive rate constant reflecting his likelihood of introducing new words. In all cases cumulative entropy was a logarithmic function of 1+time (i.e., number of words) into a poem. Each poet is therefore also distinguished by the slope of his entropy curve and final entropy value. These findings and a series of statistical results were used to generate a mathematical profile of the creative qualities of each poet. The results bring an aspect of human language and creativity into two families of curves found throughout physical and mental nature and indicate adherence to stochastic and deterministic laws, including the second law of thermodynamics. These findings point to the existence of deep and lawful mental structures governing human cognitive and emotional functioning.
{"title":"Lawful systems dynamics in how poets choose their words","authors":"Anthony F. Badalamenti Ph. D, Robert J. Langs M. D., James Robinson M. S.","doi":"10.1002/bs.3830390104","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bs.3830390104","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper presents a quantified study of the use of words by seven famous male poets. The key measures are the waiting times between the invocation of new words and the complexity or informational entropy of word usage as the poem unfolds. The main stochastic finding is that the emergence of new words is a Poisson process. Each poet thus has a distinctive rate constant reflecting his likelihood of introducing new words. In all cases cumulative entropy was a logarithmic function of 1+time (i.e., number of words) into a poem. Each poet is therefore also distinguished by the slope of his entropy curve and final entropy value. These findings and a series of statistical results were used to generate a mathematical profile of the creative qualities of each poet. The results bring an aspect of human language and creativity into two families of curves found throughout physical and mental nature and indicate adherence to stochastic and deterministic laws, including the second law of thermodynamics. These findings point to the existence of deep and lawful mental structures governing human cognitive and emotional functioning.</p>","PeriodicalId":75578,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral science","volume":"39 1","pages":"46-71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/bs.3830390104","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50669390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"George F. Simons, Carmen Vazquez, and Philip Harris: Trans-cultural leadership: Empowering a diverse workforce, Gulf Publishing Company, Houston, Texas, USA, 1993, xvi + 260 pages, ISBN 0-87201-299-9 (cloth)","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/bs.3830390412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bs.3830390412","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75578,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral science","volume":"39 4","pages":"331-332"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/bs.3830390412","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72357375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"T. A. Svehla, G. C. Crosier: Managing the mosaic addressing workforce diversity and managing institutional change in health care. American Hospital Publishing, Inc., Chicago, Illinois, 1994, 222 pages, ISBN 1-55648-115-2 (Paperback)","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/bs.3830390410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bs.3830390410","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75578,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral science","volume":"39 4","pages":"331-332"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/bs.3830390410","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72304964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mary C. Jones, R. Leon Price, Marie Adele Hughes-Prater
This paper presents the results of a study undertaken in order to assess the process of simulation model development. The type of simulation addressed is that of nonliving systems. Hypotheses are tested about the effect of user involvement on several dimensions of the simulation model development process. These dimensions include model utility, effective problem diagnosis, and efficient model development. An exploratory analysis is also performed in order to refine the hypotheses and examine underlying, latent variables that may impact the development process. These findings provide a framework within which further theory testing and construction may be conducted. In addition, the methodology used in this study to examine latent variables is broadly applicable to other areas of inquiry.
{"title":"Improving the simulation model development process","authors":"Mary C. Jones, R. Leon Price, Marie Adele Hughes-Prater","doi":"10.1002/bs.3830390403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bs.3830390403","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper presents the results of a study undertaken in order to assess the process of simulation model development. The type of simulation addressed is that of nonliving systems. Hypotheses are tested about the effect of user involvement on several dimensions of the simulation model development process. These dimensions include model utility, effective problem diagnosis, and efficient model development. An exploratory analysis is also performed in order to refine the hypotheses and examine underlying, latent variables that may impact the development process. These findings provide a framework within which further theory testing and construction may be conducted. In addition, the methodology used in this study to examine latent variables is broadly applicable to other areas of inquiry.</p>","PeriodicalId":75578,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral science","volume":"39 4","pages":"269-284"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/bs.3830390403","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138067132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"James F. Iaccino: Left brain–right brain differences inquiries, evidence, and new approaches, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Hillsdale, N.J., 1993, 284 pages, ISBN 0-8058-1340-3 (hardback)","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/bs.3830390408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bs.3830390408","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75578,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral science","volume":"39 4","pages":"326-328"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/bs.3830390408","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138067134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Parsonian functionalism popularized grand, macrosociological systems theory in sociology, and dominated the field for over two decades. Unfortunately, it was heavily criticized as teleological, tautological, static, untestable, and conservative. The criticisms not only hastened its demise, but left a harsh legacy in which contemporary systems approaches are often labeled as “functionalism” and thus diminished or even dismissed. Living Systems Theory (LST) has contributed greatly to sociological thought, but it too, is in danger of being labeled as functionalist. In order to make clear the sociological contributions of LST, this paper first briefly compares it with Parsonian functionalism, and then with the major postfunctionalist sociological systems approach, Social Entropy Theory (SET). The analysis shows that not only are LST and SET complementary, but that both generally escape the pitfalls of functionalism. Thus, macrosociological systems theory is once again on solid ground. However, many social scientists do not realize this, and are not yet aware of the contributions of the newer systems approaches. This paper and a companion paper seek to make the contributions of contemporary macrosociological approaches such as LST more familiar and accessible to social scientists.
{"title":"Talcott parsons, social entropy theory, and living systems theory","authors":"Kenneth D. Bailey","doi":"10.1002/bs.3830390103","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bs.3830390103","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Parsonian functionalism popularized grand, macrosociological systems theory in sociology, and dominated the field for over two decades. Unfortunately, it was heavily criticized as teleological, tautological, static, untestable, and conservative. The criticisms not only hastened its demise, but left a harsh legacy in which contemporary systems approaches are often labeled as “functionalism” and thus diminished or even dismissed. Living Systems Theory (LST) has contributed greatly to sociological thought, but it too, is in danger of being labeled as functionalist. In order to make clear the sociological contributions of LST, this paper first briefly compares it with Parsonian functionalism, and then with the major postfunctionalist sociological systems approach, Social Entropy Theory (SET). The analysis shows that not only are LST and SET complementary, but that both generally escape the pitfalls of functionalism. Thus, macrosociological systems theory is once again on solid ground. However, many social scientists do not realize this, and are not yet aware of the contributions of the newer systems approaches. This paper and a companion paper seek to make the contributions of contemporary macrosociological approaches such as LST more familiar and accessible to social scientists.</p>","PeriodicalId":75578,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral science","volume":"39 1","pages":"25-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/bs.3830390103","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50669353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"K. T. Strongman, (Editor) International review of studies on emotions, Volume 2, John Wiley& Sons, Inc., New York, 1992, 327 pp., ISBN 0-471-93487-9, s$125.00","authors":"Richard G. Coss","doi":"10.1002/bs.3830390109","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bs.3830390109","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75578,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral science","volume":"39 1","pages":"80-83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/bs.3830390109","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50669706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Chris Argyris, Donald A. Schon, Theory in practice–increasing professional effectiveness. Jossey-Bass Inc., San Francisco, California, 1992/1974, 224 pages. ISBN-55542-446-5 (paperback)","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/bs.3830390308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bs.3830390308","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75578,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral science","volume":"39 3","pages":"254-256"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/bs.3830390308","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72354858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"William G. Scott: Chester I. Barnard and the guardians of the managerial state. University Press of Kansas (Lawrence, Kansas 66049), 1992, 233 pages, ISBN 0-7000-0550-9","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/bs.3830390209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bs.3830390209","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75578,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral science","volume":"39 2","pages":"172-173"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/bs.3830390209","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138065667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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