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Bulletin on the rheumatic diseases最新文献

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Leflunomide for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. 来氟米特用于治疗类风湿关节炎。
Bulletin on the rheumatic diseases
Pub Date : 1999-01-01
N J Olsen, V Strand, J M Kremer

Leflunomide treatment appears to offer an alternative to methotrexate and sulfasalazine and is a welcome addition to the therapeutic armamentarium for treating active RA. Leflunomide treatment for more than 12 months results in clinically meaningful improvements in disease-specific measures of physical function. The phase 3 trials have shown leflunomide to be as effective as methotrexate and sulfasalazine and an option for initial DMARD therapy. As with all new agents, the long-term safety and value of leflunomide will be determined by use in the clinic.

来氟米特治疗似乎是甲氨蝶呤和柳氮磺胺嘧啶的一种替代品，是治疗活动性类风湿性关节炎的一种受欢迎的治疗手段。来氟米特治疗12个月以上可使疾病特异性身体功能指标有临床意义的改善。3期试验表明来氟米特与甲氨蝶呤和柳氮磺胺嘧啶一样有效，是初始DMARD治疗的一种选择。与所有新药物一样，来氟米特的长期安全性和价值将通过临床使用来确定。
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引用次数: 0
Common painful foot syndromes. 常见的足部疼痛综合征。
Bulletin on the rheumatic diseases
Pub Date : 1999-01-01
R T Pyasta, R S Panush

The prevalence of foot problems in the general population is 10%, and in the elderly it ranges from 53% to 95%. Proximal plantar fasciitis is the most common cause of painful feet in clinical practice, and is twice as common among women as among men. Metatarsalgia is probably the most common cause of foot pain among middle-aged women.

一般人群中足部问题的患病率为10%，老年人的患病率在53%到95%之间。足底近端筋膜炎是临床上最常见的足痛原因，在女性中是男性的两倍。跖骨痛可能是中年妇女足部疼痛最常见的原因。
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引用次数: 0
The allure of alternative therapies. 另类疗法的魅力。
Bulletin on the rheumatic diseases
Pub Date : 1999-01-01
D L Conn
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引用次数: 0
Alternative treatments and rheumatic diseases. 替代疗法和风湿病。
Bulletin on the rheumatic diseases
Pub Date : 1999-01-01
D L Conn, W J Arnold, J R Hollister
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引用次数: 0
Why is the ANA result positive? 为什么ANA结果是阳性的?
Bulletin on the rheumatic diseases
Pub Date : 1999-01-01
G G Illei, J H Klippel

Antinuclear antibody testing is a useful way to confirm the diagnosis of lupus when the clinical suspicion is high, or to exclude it in cases when SLE is in the differential diagnosis but the likelihood of it is low to moderate. Because the test is very sensitive and yet not specific for lupus, an inappropriately ordered ANA test with a positive result can cause diagnostic confusion and unnecessary anxiety for the patient and the physician.

当临床怀疑程度高时，抗核抗体检测是确认狼疮诊断的有效方法，当SLE在鉴别诊断中，但其可能性低至中等时，抗核抗体检测是排除狼疮的有效方法。由于该测试非常敏感，但对狼疮没有特异性，因此如果ANA测试结果为阳性，则可能导致诊断混乱，并给患者和医生带来不必要的焦虑。
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引用次数: 0
Osteoporosis: diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of established disease. 骨质疏松症:诊断、预防和治疗既定疾病。
Bulletin on the rheumatic diseases
Pub Date : 1999-01-01
M B Dunlop, N E Lane
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引用次数: 0
Approach to the patient with suspected vasculitis. 疑似血管炎患者的处理方法。
Bulletin on the rheumatic diseases
Pub Date : 1999-01-01
M D Cohen, D L Conn

By taking a careful patient history, conducting a thorough physical examination, knowing the clinical features of vasculitis, and using selected laboratory tests, the physician can diagnosis vasculitis tentatively. Recognizing the pattern of organ involvement provides a clue to the type of vasculitis present. Serologic laboratory tests for ANCAs or hepatitis B or C may help confirm the presence of the underlying vasculitis, and a definitive diagnosis can be confirmed by a biopsy of involved tissue or by angiography.

通过仔细的病人病史，进行彻底的体格检查，了解血管炎的临床特征，并使用选定的实验室检查，医生可以初步诊断血管炎。认识器官受累的模式为血管炎的类型提供了线索。血清学实验室检查anca或乙型或丙型肝炎可能有助于确认潜在血管炎的存在，明确的诊断可以通过对相关组织进行活检或血管造影来证实。
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引用次数: 0
Update on the treatment of Wegener's granulomatosis. 韦格纳肉芽肿病治疗的最新进展。
Bulletin on the rheumatic diseases
Pub Date : 1999-01-01
G J Esper, J S Johnson

Mortality due to WG has been significantly decreased by cytotoxic therapy with cyclophosphamide and glucocorticoids. Several studies have addressed different treatment regimens, particularly different maintenance regimens, in order to reduce the potential for cyclophosphamide-induced toxicity. Relapse may be precipitated by the chronic carrier-state of S aureus in the nasopharynx, and is sometimes heralded by rising c-ANCA titers. The treatment of the relapse is determined by the severity of its manifestations. Options for maintenance therapy include methotrexate and azathioprine. The value of therapy with TMSx for maintenance of remission still is uncertain, although its use 3 times a week is recommended for Pneumocystis prophylaxis. The ACR guidelines for monitoring drug toxicity should be followed when treating WG.

环磷酰胺和糖皮质激素的细胞毒性治疗显著降低了WG的死亡率。一些研究探讨了不同的治疗方案，特别是不同的维持方案，以减少环磷酰胺引起的毒性的可能性。复发可由鼻咽金黄色葡萄球菌的慢性携带者状态沉淀，有时由c-ANCA滴度升高预示。复发的治疗取决于其表现的严重程度。维持治疗的选择包括甲氨蝶呤和硫唑嘌呤。TMSx治疗对维持缓解的价值仍然不确定，尽管建议每周使用3次用于肺囊虫病预防。治疗WG时应遵循ACR药物毒性监测指南。
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引用次数: 0
Aggressive treatment of early rheumatoid arthritis to prevent joint damage. 积极治疗早期类风湿关节炎，防止关节损伤。
Bulletin on the rheumatic diseases
Pub Date : 1998-12-01
T Pincus
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引用次数: 0
Hyaluronic acid treatment (viscosupplementation) for OA of the knee. 透明质酸治疗(粘胶补充)膝关节OA。
Bulletin on the rheumatic diseases
Pub Date : 1998-11-01
M D Cohen

Viscosupplementation may be useful in the treatment of OA of the knee when other medical forms of therapy are contraindicated, toxic, or have failed. It may have a role in managing the patient with moderate to severe OA of the knee before considering total knee arthroplasty (Table 2). Viscosupplementation or medical treatment does not replace the need for thigh muscle strengthening or for overweight patients to lose weight. Whether or not efficacy will demand or warrant earlier or repeated use of hyaluronic acid-like products remains to be seen.

当其他药物治疗禁忌、有毒性或失败时，补充粘胶可用于治疗膝关节OA。在考虑全膝关节置换术之前，它可能在管理中度至重度膝关节OA患者方面发挥作用(表2)。粘胶补充或药物治疗不能取代大腿肌肉强化或超重患者减肥的需要。功效是否需要或保证更早或重复使用玻尿酸类产品还有待观察。
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引用次数: 0
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