Central mechanisms currently used in clinical vestibular tests are far more complex than generally thought. The first synaptic station, the vestibular nuclei, represents a sensory-motor centre integrating vestibular impulses with proprioceptive afferents from muscles and joints. This convergence can be found on cells with long axons projecting to the oculo-motor system, to the spinal cord and to the thalamus as well as on cells without long projecting axons. There are also vestibulo-motor cells transmitting pure vestibular information.
Dionosil and powdered tantalum laryngograms are compared in 18 patients with known laryngeal cancer. Dionosil more reliably defined the epiglottis, valleculae, and pyriform fossae. The glottic and subglottic regions were more clearly visualized with the use of tantalum. Both agents were equally effective in the evaluation of the supraglottis.
Stomal recurrence and distant metastases are two of the most serious complications occurring in the patient treated for carcinoma of the larynx. Their appearances are ominous prognostic signs for survival of the host and both are refractory to any form of effective management. To date, the stomal recurrence has defied a satisfactory pathogenetic explanation but neoplastic cell inculation of the laryngectomy wound and extension from paratracheal lymph nodes appear to be partial explanations. Uncontrolled local disease plays a significant, if not the major role in the genesis of distant metastases.
The development of the new Hopkins rod indirect laryngoscope with the polished glass rod lens system and fiberoptic lighting promise to revolutionize the indirect examination of the larynx and nasopharynx. The improved optics and lighting facilitate the acquisition of still and moving picture photography for permanent records. Examples of the superior photographic resolution are presented.
This paper reports the experience of the authors using facial nerve excitability test in Bell's palsy as a tool to understand better the prognosis in that pathology. The authors made a retrospective study of 222 cases of Bell's palsy, followed by serial facial nerve excitability test. The goal of this study as to define correlations between facial nerve excitability test (N.E.T.) values, the rate and degree of recovery OF PATIENTS PRESENTING A Bell's palsy. Results indicated that incomplete paralysis with a normal N.E.T. forecasts a fast and complete recovery in less than three months. Complete paralysis with a normal N.E.T. also forecasts a complete recovery. Those cases of complete paralysis with an abnormally elevated (greater than 2 m. amp.) N.E.T. lead to unsatisfactory results in 27.7 per cent of patients and of these 66.6 per cent took more than three months to recover if at all. Of the patients with complete paralysis and no response to facial nerve stimulation, 73 per cent showed an unsatisfactory recovery.
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