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Follow-up of severely injured patients can be embedded in routine hospital care: results from a feasibility study 一项可行性研究的结果:重伤员的随访可纳入常规医院护理
Pub Date : 2022-03-15 DOI: 10.1080/21548331.2022.2054633
E. Wake, C. Brandenburg, K. Heathcote, Kate Dale, Don Campbell, M. Cardona
ABSTRACT Objective Understanding the longitudinal patient experience outcomes following major trauma can promote successful recovery. A novel, hospital-led telephone follow-up program was implemented by a multi-disciplinary clinical trauma service team at a Level I trauma center. This process evaluation examined what factors promoted or impeded the program’s implementation. Methods A prospective convergent mixed-methods process evaluation design was used. Quantitative data included patient and injury demographics and program feasibility data such number of telephone calls attempted/completed and call duration. Qualitative data consisted of semi-structured interviews with program participants (staff, patients, and caregivers) who had participated in the program. Descriptive statistics and thematic analysis were applied to quantitative and qualitative data, respectively. Data were collected concurrently and merged in the results to understand and describe the implementation and sustainability of the program.274 major trauma patients (ISS ≥ 12) were eligible for follow-up. A response rate of over 75% was achieved, with nurses responsible for most of the calls. Limited time and competing clinical demands were identified as barriers to the timely completion of the calls. Results Participants valued the preexisting trauma service/patient relationship, and this facilitated program implementation. Clinicians were motivated to evaluate their patient’s recovery, whilst patients felt ‘cared for’ and ‘not forgotten’ post-hospital discharge. Teamwork and leadership were highly valued by the clinical staff throughout the implementation period as ongoing source of motivation and support. Staff spontaneously developed the program to incorporate clinical follow-up processes by providing guidance, advice, and referrals to patients who indicated ongoing issues such as pain or emotional problems. Conclusion Telephone follow-up within a clinical trauma service team is feasible, accepted by staff and valued by patients and families. Despite time constraints, the successful implementation of this program is reliant on existing clinical/patient relationships, staff teamwork and leadership support.
摘要目的了解重大创伤后患者的纵向体验结果可以促进成功的康复。一级创伤中心的多学科临床创伤服务团队实施了一项新颖的、由医院主导的电话随访计划。该过程评估考察了哪些因素促进或阻碍了该计划的实施。方法采用前瞻性收敛混合方法进行过程评价设计。定量数据包括患者和受伤人口统计数据以及项目可行性数据,如尝试/完成的电话数量和通话持续时间。定性数据包括对参与该项目的项目参与者(工作人员、患者和护理人员)的半结构化访谈。描述性统计和专题分析分别应用于定量和定性数据。同时收集数据并合并到结果中,以了解和描述该计划的实施和可持续性。274名重大创伤患者(ISS≥12)有资格接受随访。响应率超过75%,大部分电话都由护士负责。有限的时间和相互竞争的临床需求被确定为及时完成呼叫的障碍。结果参与者重视先前存在的创伤服务/患者关系,这有助于项目的实施。临床医生有动力评估患者的康复情况,而患者出院后感到“得到了照顾”和“没有被遗忘”。在整个实施期间,团队合作和领导力受到临床工作人员的高度重视,是激励和支持的持续来源。工作人员自发制定了该计划,通过向出现疼痛或情绪问题等持续问题的患者提供指导、建议和转诊,将临床随访过程纳入其中。结论在临床创伤服务团队内进行电话随访是可行的,为工作人员所接受,并受到患者和家属的重视。尽管时间有限,但该计划的成功实施取决于现有的临床/患者关系、员工团队合作和领导支持。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of inpatient breast cancer education and risk assessment on mammography utilization among hospitalized women post discharge 癌症住院教育和风险评估对出院后住院妇女乳腺X线摄影应用的影响
Pub Date : 2022-03-14 DOI: 10.1080/21548331.2022.2052667
J. Gnanaraj, R. Kauffman, W. Khaliq
ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate prevalence of nonadherence to breast cancer screening guidelines after bedside educational intervention and informed individualized risk assessment score during an inpatient stay. Methods A prospective intervention study was conducted among 507 cancer-free (except skin cancer) women aged 50–75 years hospitalized to a general medicine service. Study intervention included one-on-one bedside education via handout and videos about breast cancer screening and informed individualized risk assessment using the Gail risk model to predict 5-year risk for breast cancer development. Study outcomes were measured using posthospitalization follow-up survey to determine if intervention resulted in improved adherence to breast cancer screening. Chi-square and unpaired t-tests were utilized to compare population characteristics. Results The mean age for the study population was 60.5 years (SD = 6.9), the mean 5-year Gail risk score was 1.77 (SD = 1), and 36% of women were African American. One hundred sixty nine (33%) hospitalized women were nonadherent to breast cancer screening recommendations. Only 15% of the nonadherent women were reachable for follow-up survey, and 42% of these women self-reported adherence to screening mammography after a mean follow-up period of 27 months. Conclusion This study provides evidence that most women who are nonadherent to breast cancer screening remain nonadherent after hospital discharge despite educational interventions. Our study intervention was only partially successful in enhancing breast cancer screening among hospitalized women who were overdue and at high risk. Further studies need to evaluate strategies to overcome the barriers and improve adherence whenever patients encounter health care system regardless of clinical locale.
摘要目的评估住院期间不遵守癌症筛查指南的患者在床旁教育干预和知情个体化风险评估评分后的患病率。方法对507例50~75岁的无癌(癌症除外)患者进行前瞻性干预研究。研究干预包括通过分发资料和视频进行一对一的床边教育,了解癌症筛查情况,并使用盖尔风险模型进行知情的个性化风险评估,以预测癌症发展的5年风险。研究结果采用住院后随访调查进行测量,以确定干预是否能提高对癌症筛查的依从性。卡方检验和非配对t检验用于比较群体特征。结果研究人群的平均年龄为60.5岁(SD=6.9),平均5年盖尔风险评分为1.77(SD=1),36%的女性为非裔美国人。一百六十九名(33%)住院妇女不遵守癌症筛查建议。只有15%的非依从性女性可以进行随访调查,42%的女性在平均27个月的随访期后自我报告坚持筛查乳房X光检查。结论本研究提供的证据表明,尽管进行了教育干预,但大多数不坚持癌症筛查的女性出院后仍然不坚持。我们的研究干预仅部分成功地加强了过期和高危住院妇女的乳腺癌症筛查。进一步的研究需要评估克服障碍的策略,并在患者遇到医疗保健系统时提高依从性,无论临床地点如何。
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引用次数: 0
The effect of geographic rounding on hospitalist work experience: a mixed-methods study 地理四舍五入对住院医师工作经验的影响:一项混合方法研究
Pub Date : 2022-03-06 DOI: 10.1080/21548331.2022.2050649
K. Carlson, Tabatha Matthias, Justin R. Birge, Brady P Bulian, Sarah E Richards, Jason F. Shiffermiller
ABSTRACT Objectives To describe the structure and implementation of a model in which hospitalists focus on a particular hospital unit or area, referred to as ‘geographic rounding,’ and to analyze its effect on hospitalist efficiency, interruptions, after-hours work, and satisfaction. Methods The leadership of our academic hospital medicine group designed a geographic rounding intervention with the goal of improving provider satisfaction and mitigating burnout. Our quantitative analysis compared the pre-intervention and post-intervention time periods with regard to progress note completion time, after-hours progress note completion, secure messaging communication volume, and Mini-Z survey results. A post-intervention qualitative analysis was performed to further explore the relationship between geographic rounding and the drivers of burnout. Results Following the intervention, 97% of geographic rounders were localized to one or two geographic areas and 77% were localized to a single geographic area. Following the implementation of geographic rounding, progress notes were completed an average of 29 minutes earlier (p < 0.001). The proportion of progress notes completed after-hours decreased from 25.1% to 20% (p < 0.001). The volume of secure messages received by hospitalists decreased from 1.95 to 1.8 per patient per day (p < 0.001). The proportion of hospitalists reporting no burnout increased from 77.8% to 93% after implementing geographic rounding, a change that did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.1). Qualitative analysis revealed mixed effects on work environment but improvements in efficiency, patient-centeredness, communication with nurses, and job satisfaction. Conclusion Geographic rounding represents an organization-level change that has the potential to improve hospitalist career satisfaction.
摘要目的描述一个模型的结构和实施,在该模型中,住院医生专注于特定的医院单位或地区,称为“地理舍入”,并分析其对住院效率、中断、下班后工作和满意度的影响。方法我们的学术医院医学小组的领导设计了一种地理环绕干预措施,目的是提高提供者满意度和缓解倦怠。我们的定量分析比较了干预前和干预后的时间段,包括进度记录完成时间、下班后进度记录完成、安全消息通信量和Mini-Z调查结果。干预后进行了定性分析,以进一步探讨地理舍入与倦怠驱动因素之间的关系。结果干预后,97%的地理综述者局限于一个或两个地理区域,77%局限于单个地理区域。在实施地理舍入之后,进度记录平均提前29分钟完成(p<0.001)。下班后完成进度记录的比例从25.1%下降到20%(p<001)。住院医生每天收到的安全信息量从每位患者1.95条下降到1.8条(p<0.01)。报告没有倦怠的住院医生比例从77.8%上升到93%四舍五入,这一变化没有达到统计学意义(p=0.1)。定性分析显示,对工作环境的影响喜忧参半,但在效率、以患者为中心、与护士的沟通和工作满意度方面有所改善。结论地域四舍五入代表了组织层面的变化,有可能提高住院医师的职业满意度。
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引用次数: 0
Full transparency of ticagrelor trials in coronary artery disease should be warranted 替卡格雷在冠状动脉疾病中的试验应完全透明
Pub Date : 2022-03-03 DOI: 10.1080/21548331.2022.2049099
P. Ennezat, R. Guerbaai, Thierry H. LeJemtel, Morten Rix Hansen
Cardiology department, Service de cardiologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri Mondor, Créteil, France; Medizinische Fakultät, Department Public Health (DPH), Universität Basel, Basel, Switzerland; University Heart and Vascular Institute, New Orleans, LA, USA; Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Environmental Medicine, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
法国克雷姆斯泰尔亨利蒙多大学医院中心心脏病科;医疗机构Fakultät,公共卫生部,Universität,巴塞尔,瑞士巴塞尔;美国新奥尔良大学心脏血管研究所;南丹麦大学临床研究部,丹麦欧登塞;临床药理学、药学和环境医学,丹麦欧登塞南丹麦大学公共卫生系
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引用次数: 1
Children’s hospital quality ratings: where are we and can we do better? 儿童医院质量评级:我们在哪里?我们能做得更好吗?
Pub Date : 2021-10-13 DOI: 10.1080/21548331.2022.2050650
David Chaulk, Theresa Tran, Allison Neeley, A. Giardino
ABSTRACT Objective Hospital quality ratings are intended to guide patients and payers to the highest quality hospitals. Their success in achieving this goal has been limited by inconsistencies between ratings and questionable data collection methods. Despite these shortcomings, their popularity and importance are increasing. The purpose of this review is to identify the strengths and weaknesses of the US News and World Report (USNWR) Best Children’s Hospitals Report and Leapfrog Pediatric Care Survey and discuss improvement opportunities. Methods A structured literature review was performed analyzing hospital quality surveys. Previously published criteria were used to compare the USNWR Best Children’s Hospitals Report and Leapfrog Pediatric Care Survey. Results This narrative review highlights the strengths and weakness of both the USNWR Best Children’s Hospitals Report and the Leapfrog Pediatric Care Survey, including a letter grade comparison. Conclusion Existing children’s hospital rating systems are lacking. We suggest specific improvements that may better enable these reports to influence the quality of pediatric care.
摘要目的医院质量评级旨在引导患者和付费者选择最高质量的医院。他们实现这一目标的成功受到评级和可疑数据收集方法之间不一致的限制。尽管存在这些缺点,但它们的受欢迎程度和重要性正在增加。本综述的目的是确定《美国新闻与世界报道》(USNWR)《最佳儿童医院报告》和《Leapfrog儿科护理调查》的优势和劣势,并讨论改进机会。方法采用结构化文献综述法对医院质量调查进行分析。之前公布的标准用于比较USNWR最佳儿童医院报告和Leapfrog儿科护理调查。结果这篇叙述性综述强调了USNWR最佳儿童医院报告和Leapfrog儿科护理调查的优势和劣势,包括字母等级比较。结论现有的儿童医院评分体系存在不足。我们建议进行具体的改进,使这些报告能够更好地影响儿科护理的质量。
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引用次数: 0
Pediatric inpatient hospital care 儿科住院病人的医院护理
Pub Date : 2021-10-13 DOI: 10.1080/21548331.2022.2050112
A. Giardino, Tiffany Glasgow, Jill Sweney, David Chaulk
ABSTRACT Pediatrics is a field of medical specialty that focuses on children and their potential to successfully grow and develop into healthy adults. The articles in this special edition of Hospital Practice span a range of issues that affect children and their health care in the inpatient hospital setting, including equity and bias mitigation in health care, efficiency in patient rounding, using patient and family complaints to drive improvement efforts, the diagnostic process and avoiding fundamental diagnostic errors, pediatric palliative care, rapidly identifying and treating sepsis in children, the care and management of children on home ventilation, instituting a rapid response team in the pediatric environment, and quality rating systems for children’s hospitals.
儿科学是一个医学专业领域,关注儿童及其成功成长和发育为健康成人的潜力。《医院实践》特别版的文章涵盖了一系列影响住院儿童及其医疗保健的问题,包括医疗保健中的公平和偏见缓解、患者查房效率、利用患者和家庭投诉来推动改进工作、诊断过程和避免基本诊断错误、儿科姑息治疗、快速识别和治疗儿童败血症、家庭通风儿童的护理和管理,建立儿科环境快速反应小组,儿童医院质量评价制度。
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引用次数: 0
Occupational lung diseases. 职业性肺病。
Pub Date : 2020-11-25 DOI: 10.1201/9781003064800
H. Weill
Until workers can be effectively protected from the dusts, gases, and vapors that cause occupational lung diseases, clinicians must focus on careful history taking, precise diagnosis, and prompt therapy to relieve or reduce respiratory disability.
在工人能够有效地免受引起职业性肺病的粉尘、气体和蒸汽的侵害之前,临床医生必须集中精力仔细记录病史,精确诊断,及时治疗,以减轻或减少呼吸功能障碍。
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引用次数: 0
Emergency contraception. 紧急避孕。
Pub Date : 2020-05-21 DOI: 10.1542/9781610024358-part03-ch10
J. Klein
Research on the postcoital use of contraceptive steroids began in the 1960s. The first oral regimen, which used a widely available brand of combined estrogen–progestin oral contraceptive pills, was published in 1974 (7). Research on progestin-only regimens for occasional postcoital use by women having infrequent sexual intercourse also began at approximately the same time (8). Data regarding the use of IUDs as emergency contraceptives were initially published in the 1970s and, more recently, selective progesterone receptor modulators were introduced. The most commonly used oral emergency contraceptive regimen is the progestin-only pill, which consists of 1.5 mg of levonorgestrel (Table 1). This product can be purchased over the counter and is available without age restriction as of 2013. The product using two levonorgestrel doses of 0.75 mg has fallen out of use in favor of the simpler one-dose regimen, which is at least as effective as the two-dose product (9, 10). The levonorgestrel regimen is labeled for use for up to 72 hours after unprotected sex but is best used as soon as possible after unprotected sex (10–14) (Table 1). A second dedicated emergency contraceptive, a pill containing 30 mg of ulipristal acetate, was approved by the FDA in 2010 and requires a prescription. This selective progesterone receptor modulator, or antiprogestin, has demonstrated effectiveness up to 120 hours after unprotected sex (14) (Table 1). Combined estrogen–progestin emergency contraceptive regimens are no longer sold as a dedicated product. Emergency Contraception
对性交后使用避孕类固醇的研究始于20世纪60年代。1974年发表了第一个口服方案,使用了一种广泛使用的品牌的雌激素-黄体酮联合口服避孕药(7)。大约在同一时间,也开始研究仅使用黄体酮的方案,用于性交不频繁的妇女偶尔的性交后使用(8)。关于使用宫内节育器作为紧急避孕药的数据最初发表于20世纪70年代,最近引入了选择性黄体酮受体调节剂。最常用的口服紧急避孕方案是单孕激素避孕药,含有1.5毫克左炔诺孕酮(表1)。该产品可在柜台购买,截至2013年,不受年龄限制。使用两剂0.75 mg左炔诺孕酮的产品已经不再使用,取而代之的是更简单的单剂量方案,其效果至少与两剂产品一样(9,10)。左炔诺孕酮方案被标记为在无保护的性行为后使用72小时,但最好在无保护的性行为后尽快使用(10-14)(表1)。第二种专用紧急避孕药,一种含有30毫克醋酸乌普利司妥的药丸,于2010年获得FDA批准,需要处方。这种选择性黄体酮受体调节剂或抗黄体酮已被证明在无保护性行为后120小时内有效(14)(表1)。雌激素-黄体酮联合紧急避孕方案不再作为专用产品销售。紧急避孕法
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引用次数: 0
Night sweats. 盗汗。
Pub Date : 2020-02-07 DOI: 10.32388/xf1wzt
D. Cowley
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引用次数: 0
Wound botulism. 伤口肉毒中毒。
Pub Date : 2020-02-02 DOI: 10.32388/sfvsy0
J. Weber
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引用次数: 1
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Hospital practice
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