Journal de radiologie, d'electrologie, et de medecine nucleaire最新文献

A child aged 4 1/2 years was found to have secondarily infected retained secretions in the vagina from a vaginal membrane. The authors underline the value of intravenous urography coupled with rectal insufflation, which is essential in order to confirm the diagnosis of colpos and to eliminate any associated urinary malformation.

By using rigourous examination techniques and interpretive criteria, ultrasonography of the pancreas can, in many cases, confirm the etiological diagnosis of solid pancreatic masses. Factors influencing diagnosis are the volume and shape of the pancreas, the ultrasound structure, the attenuation of ultrasounds, the outline of the pancreas, and the effect on neighbouring structures. The association of signs is often characteristic and can differentiate benign from malignant masses.

The authors review 69 cases of infections due to mycoplasma pneumoniae in children, including the clinical, biological, and radiological aspects, and compare their results with those in the published literature. Clinical and radiological signs and non-specific, and diagnosis is made exclusively by serological tests.

About an experience of 7,757 investigations and after study of the published series in the literature, it appears the frequency of the accidents following vascular roentgenology has not really changed since ten years. -- 0,5% complications; 0,07% death in aortographies; -- 0,4% complications; 0,09% death in femoral artery catheterization; -- 3% complications; no death in axillary artery catheterization. The authors use the term "complications" when a surgical operation is necessary or after effects are present in the evolution. The study of the recent literature proves no significant amelioration in comparison with the last ten years. The accidents are analysed in aortography, in arterial catheterization using femoral or axillary arteries: the latter is the most dangerous. The considerable increment of the number of investigations suppressed the progresses provided by the material improvements. An explanation: in hospitals, it is necessary to train the students for roentgenology.

A new radiological technique is described for opacification of the thoracic aorta in neonates and babies weighing less than 10 kg. The exploration method is described: injection of a contrast medium after retrograde carotid puncture, and increased endothoracic pressure. The results obtained in 21 babies aged from 3 to 157 weeks, and weighing 3.3 to 10 kg are discussed. Radiographic results were excellent in 17 cases, satisfactory in 3 cases, and only moderate in 1 case. The procedure was perfectly well tolerated, and enabled visualization of an arterial canal in 4 cases, stenosis of a Blalock-Taussig anastomosis in 1 case, aortic stenosis in 7 cases (2 tubular hypoptasias, 1 coarctation, 3 segmentary interruptions, 1 recoarctation), coronary-cardiac fistula in 1 case, and a normal aorta in 9 cases. The authors review the advantages, inconveniences, and risks of the other methods of opacification of the thoracic aorta in neonates and babies. They conclude that when right cardiac catheterization cannot give, in babies under 10 kg of weight, a satisfactory radiological assessment of the thoracic aorta in the following clinical conditions: coarctation syndrome, badly tolerated left-right shunt, or possible abnormality of the aortic arch or coronaries, the technique of opacification of the thoracic aorta by retrograde puncture of the common carotid is the best radiological method for establishing a definite diagnosis.

Clear images of the chambers of the heart and the vessels can be obtained by rapid scanning with computed tomography, associated with rapid perfusion of a contrast medium. A study in 30 normal subjects demonstrated that it was possible to identify and localize the heart chambers and the large vessels in different planes, and to obtain precise measurements of the various diameters. These results could form the basis for etiological studies of the cardiopathies.

A man of 37 years of age developed portal hypertension which was observed on radiological examination as a mediastinal opacity having the appearance of a tumor. No oesophageal varices were seen on barium meal examination or by endoscopy. A smooth liver was seen during laparoscopy. Pre-operative hemodynamic studies showed that there was no sinus block. Thoracotomy revealed an aneurysm of the azygos veins. Exploratory laparotomy after coelio-mesenteric arteriography confirmed the diagnosis of diffuse nodular hyperplasia of the liver, cirrhosis, and portal hypertension. The findings in 16 cases of mediastinal opacity from portal hypertension reported in the published literature are discussed.

Following the publication of the first two cases reported of ossification of the transverse ligament, the authors describe three recent observations of this lesion. In contrast to the first two cases, in which ossification was reported at the level of the cervico-occipital articulation, which was normal, these three new cases were noted to have associated acquired or congenital abnormalities of the craniovertebral junction.