Odontologia chilena最新文献

An epidemiological study on caries prevalence was undertaken on school children and pre-school children aged from 2 to 14 years, of Monte Patria, a small city located in the North of Chile, following the criteria established by the World Health Organization. It was found that the 90.54% of the studied sample had caries, the 21% of the patients lost permanent teeth due to caries, and the presence of filled teeth was detected only in 1.75% of the children. DMFT index of the sample was 5.16 and dmft index was 4.60.

The purpose of the present investigation was to study the occurrence and degree of severity of the actinic cheilitis in a sample of 566 artisan fishermen of Valparaíso, Chile. The condition was found in 43% of the sample, the degree of severity was an 8% for the acute expression and a 35% for the chronic type of the disease. A direct relationship between the number of years spent on sun exposure and the degree of severity of the vermillion alterations was found, being the patients between 16 and 45 years old the group most severely involved, a finding similar to the data reported in the current literature. The prone complexion was the fair one: those fishermen with blond or red hair, blue or green eyes and fair skin showed both clinical and histopathologically early disturbances of degenerative nature in the collagenous component of the connective tissue and in the epithelial surface.

An epidemiological study on oral health was conducted on 200 mapuche natives, aged from 14 to 30 years in order to correlate their oral health level with their oral health habits, scholar level, age and sex. DMFT index and the simplified Oral Hygiene Index were evaluated in the sample of studied patients. It was found a 18.15 DMFT score, higher than the national level in our country, and the simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S) was 1.7, showing deficient oral hygiene habits. A direct relationship between a low scholar level and a high caries index and a high OHI-S index was found.

The size of the upper dental arch and of the upper permanent teeth in a group of cleft lip/palate patients of both sexes, 12 years of age and older were compared to a control group of normal patients. Our results showed a significant size reduction in all of the longitudinal arch dimensions in cleft lip/palate patients. It was also seen a significant reduction of the intercanine and intermolar width dimensions. Mesiodistal and buccolingual teeth diameter reductions were observed in patients with left unilateral cleft lip and cleft palate, being this feature remarkable in the central and lateral incisors. Differences in size between antimeric teeth were only observed in upper lateral incisors in patients with left unilateral clefts. The relative influence of genetic and environmental factors on our patients was not determined with the results obtained in the present investigation.

We report a conservative treatment for superficial approximal caries which consist in a diagonal approach of the lesion, in order to preserve a significant amount of sound tooth and the use of a new glass ionomer cement reinforced with silver particles (Cermet cement) as restorative material. Following the X-ray diagnosis of incipient caries, the new material was placed on the proximal area, combined with the use of a light-cured composite resin in the occlusal surface, where the cavity design was started. The advantages and difficulties of the technique and the main characteristics of Cermet Cement are described in the present article.

A comparative study was undertaken to assess the properties of uromiron and lipiodol 38%, which are used as radiopaque materials in sialographic techniques, on 25 young adult outpatients of both sexes that were seen at the Dental School, University of Chile, Santiago. It was found that, although the radiopaque properties of uromiron were less than lipiodol 38%, the can be improved by increasing the amount of material injected into the duct system of the salivary glands. Likewise, uromiron exhibited a proper biological tolerance and a rapid emptying time, therefore the use of uromiron in sialographic techniques seems to be a proper alternative to lipiodol 38%.

For the purpose of developing a clinical method of facial examination that could permit a determination of the skeletal position of the upper jaw and the mandible, a sample of 70 teleradiographies of individuals among 8 and 18 years of both sexes was analyzed. The anteroposterior relationship of the maxila to the cranium was analyzed through perpendiculars from skin points Nasion, Glabela and Subnasal to the Frankfurt horizontal plane and it was found that Glabela was 2 mm behind Subnasal. The anteroposterior position of the mandible related to the maxila was studied on a perpendicular to Tragion-Subnasal plane descended from point Subnasal and it was found that the labiomental fold was coincident with this perpendicular. A new clinical method using a square rule leaned on the cheek using these reference points is recommended.