Odontostomatologike proodos最新文献

In this paper the writer primarily mentions the temporary theories on the classification and pathogenic origin of diabetes. Furthermore, he describes the most important etiological factors of the appearance of the disease and its clinical picture. He specially extends to mentioning the probability of appearance of acute complications during dental help to a diabetic patient. He also underlines that the degree the reformatory functions of the organism are influenced by the interference of chronic complications which he describes. After maintaining the basic precautionary lines during the extraction of teeth in diabetic patients he describes the basic approach necessary in case of acute complications of diabetes. In the paper are also mentioned the latest methods of direct calculation of the level of glucose both to blood and the urine of the patient.

The repair of an esthetic prosthetic restoration is a problem which has become of interest to the practicing dentist. Many methods have been devised to repair the fractured veneers. This article is referred to one of these methods which uses light-curing resin as a veneering material and silane as a coupling agent. Some of the silane properties and the hydrolisis of silane are mentioned too. Then the mechanism of adhesion to porcelain and to the metal frame are mentioned and in the end the clinical procedure of the repair.

The radiographic examination is an adjunct and indispensable to the diagnosis of tumours of the jaws and is accomplished to provide images of the internal features of the tumours and the effect of the lesion on the surrounding structures. Radiographic diagnosis is the identification of a lesion based solely on observation of the radiographic features of that lesion without relying on information from any other source. This approach, however, is extremely difficult and on many occasions unreliable, because many lesions will show similar and confusing radiographic features. Consequently, it is necessary to use a more reliable and practical diagnostic approach, which is the radiographic differential diagnosis approach. In this paper presents the radiographic findings which are representative of characteristic features of the tumour and permit general categorisation of lesions. The radiographic data is helpful in these cases to categorise the general nature of the lesion as benign or malignant and the final diagnosis of such lesions is made at biopsy.

In the present article presented an extensive review on the terminology, chemistry, history, the mode of action and the oral relevance of vitamin E.

The purpose of this review is to give the latest knowledge related to the osteoblastic morphology and biochemical activity. We describe the morphological characteristics and functional features and the in vitro study models. Further on we analyze the term "characterization" of osteoblasts with special emphasis to the macromolecules synthesized by them (Type I collagen, non collagenous proteins and alkaline phosphatase). Finally we make reference to the hormones regulating the synthesis of alkaline phosphatase.

The purpose of this study was to investigate and to determine the mode of inheritance in commissural lip pits. Fifteen probands and their family members were clinically examined. Afterwards, the pedigrees of the fifteen families were constructed. The study of these pedigrees showed that: 1) The condition usually appeared in several members and in several generations of the same family. 2) Both sexes were affected almost equally. 3) The affected persons were vertically directed in the pedigrees. 4) The condition was transmitted from fathers and mothers to their daughters or sons or both in thirteen pedigrees. Especially, transmission from fathers to sons, was observed in four pedigrees. These findings suggest that commissural lip pits are a genetic disorder exhibiting autosomal dominant inheritance. 5) Gaps in generation were observed in two pedigrees interpreted as reduced penetrance of the responsible gene. The clinical examinations showed that the depth of the pits some times varied among the affected members of the same family interpreted as variable expressivity of the trait.

One of the most common accidents during extirpation of the pulp and chemicomechanical preparation is breakage of the endodontic instrument in the root canal. In this paper the causes of the instrument breakage are reported. The methods of handling the accident are discussed, as well as the basic rules of prevention.

Lysozyme and lactoferrin, substances of the non-specific defense system of the salivary glands, were studied in normal human parotid glands of neonates and adults using the immunoperoxidase method. To our knowledge, the immunohistochemical detection and distribution of lysozyme and lactoferrin in neonate parotid glands have not been previously reported. In neonate parotid glands, a monotonous positive reaction for lysozyme was found in the acini, in the intercalated ducts and in a few cells of large ducts. On the contrary, lysozyme was observed mainly in the intercalated ducts of the adult parotid glands. Three staining patterns for lactoferrin were found in neonate parotid glands. The first pattern was identical to that of lysozyme in neonates, the second was similar to that of lactoferrin in adults, and in the third extremely few acinar and intercalated duct cells were positive. In adult parotid glands, lactoferrin was detected in groups of acini and intercalated ducts and rarely striated duct cells. In adult parotid glands, our findings are discussed in correlation with those of other investigators. The results of our study indicate that lysozyme and lactoferrin have an important role in the defense mechanism of neonate parotid gland. There is also a distinct immunohistochemical difference between neonate and adult parotid gland. Since it is known that there is a morphological differentiation of the parotid gland postnatally, it is presumably suggested that an immunohistochemical differentiation also occurs.

The constant concentration of calcium ions (Ca2+) in the extracellular fluids can be maintained by two mechanisms; the local and the hormonal one. In the case of the local, a potential Ca2+ balance is achieved between the extracellular space on the one hand and the bones and intertine on the other hand, which may come to concentrations of 7 mg/100 ml. The complete settlement of the Ca2+ level up to the normal limits of 9-11 mg/100 ml of plasma, is achieved by the action of the hormonal mechanism. This acts through a negative ruccessive muctual control. The hormonal mechanism includes the action of basically two hormones, the parathormone (PTH) and the calcitonine (CT). The first one is secreted when the Ca2+ level in plasma decreases, causing the increase of the renal tubular reabsorption of Ca2+, the release of Ca2+, due to the increased absorption in bones and the increased intestinal Ca2+ absorption. By that way the Ca2+ normal level in plasma is resettled. On the other hand, in case of an increase of the Ca2+ level in plasma, the excretion of PTH is restrained whereas CT is secreted, which favours the deposition of Ca2+ on bones restricting their absorption at the same time. In several cases, when there is an organic inability of resettling any change of the Ca2+ balance due to the malfunction of the hormonal mechanism, various drugs are being given for treating the disease. The balance, being achieved this way, may be overtured by several factors such as bone fractures as it has been observed experimentally, and may cause the increase of the Ca2+ concentration in plasma. In the present experimental study, the possibility of a proportional increase in the secretion of the CT after a simple and surgical extraction has been investigated. The possibility of an alteration of the Calcium and Posphate levels in plasma after the supply of CT during certain intervals has also been investigated. The results showed that the extraction does not change the CT levels in plasma. On the other hand the Ca2+ and P levels, are not affected by the external supply of CT, for reasons which are being discussed in the present paper.

The interfacial oxides formed during the oxidation stage of porcelain dental alloys are of primary importance. The purpose of this study was to identify the type of the oxides in three commercial alloys and to evaluate their adherence with the underlying alloy before and after porcelain application. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed the presence of PdO, Fe2O3, FeO, InO, In2O3 (precious alloy), Ga2O3, GaO, PdO, CuO, SnO2 (Hi-Pd) and NiO, Gr2O3, SiO2, MoO2, TiO2, Al2O3 (non precious) in the oxide layers removed from each alloy respectively with a 10% Br solution in methanol. The highest values of tensile strength were obtained from the non-precious alloy oxides which were further enhanced after porcelain fusion. The application of porcelain does not seem to influence metal ceramic bonding.