Pub Date : 2020-08-01DOI: 10.1093/med/9780198847366.003.0007
R. B. Ross
Cleft lip and palate is the most common facial anomaly in the UK. This chapter describes the cleft lip and palate, alongside their aetiology and diagnosis. It then describes the management of the cleft lip, including principles, surgical options, the unilateral and bilateral cleft lip and palate, and then the management of the palate and alveolus. Revision procedures are outlined. The management of the nose and orthognathic surgery for different cleft types are all outlined. Speech development, hearing, and orthodontics are all covered. Finally, there is a section on psychology, and the importance of a clinical psychologist to monitor important transitional points in the child.
{"title":"Cleft lip and palate.","authors":"R. B. Ross","doi":"10.1093/med/9780198847366.003.0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198847366.003.0007","url":null,"abstract":"Cleft lip and palate is the most common facial anomaly in the UK. This chapter describes the cleft lip and palate, alongside their aetiology and diagnosis. It then describes the management of the cleft lip, including principles, surgical options, the unilateral and bilateral cleft lip and palate, and then the management of the palate and alveolus. Revision procedures are outlined. The management of the nose and orthognathic surgery for different cleft types are all outlined. Speech development, hearing, and orthodontics are all covered. Finally, there is a section on psychology, and the importance of a clinical psychologist to monitor important transitional points in the child.","PeriodicalId":76284,"journal":{"name":"Oral health","volume":"57 7 1","pages":"494-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43333362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A usually unilocular, intramedullary cystic cavity in the bone. It is lined by fibrous tissue and is filled with serous or serosanguineous fluid. It can arise from any bone. T he most frequent sites are proximal humerus, proximal femur, and proximal tibia. In most cases the lesion is asymptomatic and is usually detected after a pathologic fracture or during radiologic examination for unrelated reasons. Recurrences have been reported in a minority of cases. Qeios · Definition, February 7, 2020
{"title":"Simple bone cyst.","authors":"D. W. Stoneman","doi":"10.32388/iz4aje","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32388/iz4aje","url":null,"abstract":"A usually unilocular, intramedullary cystic cavity in the bone. It is lined by fibrous tissue and is filled with serous or serosanguineous fluid. It can arise from any bone. T he most frequent sites are proximal humerus, proximal femur, and proximal tibia. In most cases the lesion is asymptomatic and is usually detected after a pathologic fracture or during radiologic examination for unrelated reasons. Recurrences have been reported in a minority of cases. Qeios · Definition, February 7, 2020","PeriodicalId":76284,"journal":{"name":"Oral health","volume":"56 8 1","pages":"536-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47849975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.35841/ORAL-HEALTH.2.1.9-12
Yoshishige Yamada
Introduction: Glass ionomer cements are effective restoration materials because of the ability of fluoride ion releasing and chemical adhesion to a tooth enamel and dentin. Glass ionomer cements are divided into conventional type which is adhered to a tooth by an acid-base reaction, and resin-modified type which is included some of resin components and has an adhesion using mechanical fitting force. Although these cements have good bonding strength to a tooth, this chemical adhesiveness is not sufficient, therefore adhesive monomer addition in the glass ionomer cements have effectiveness improving adhesive ability between glass ionomer cements and teeth. Glass ionomer cements restoration is applied in several situations. Among them, the application of glass ionomer cements to the ART method is very effective. Method: ART technique is known to use hand instruments and glass ionomer cements. This technique is very effectiveness for the treatment of Children who have difficulties in dental treatment and patients with dental phobia. However, this technique takes longer time to remove caries than conventional methods. To resolve this problem, using chemo-mechanical caries removal is effective method. This method is able to shorten caries removal time without affecting adhesion of glass ionomer cements to the tooth. Conclusion: Therefore combination with chemo-mechanical caries removal and glass ionomer cements restoration is effective to obtain satisfied caries treatment.
{"title":"A short review: Effectiveness combination with glass ionomer cements andchemo-mechanical caries removal.","authors":"Yoshishige Yamada","doi":"10.35841/ORAL-HEALTH.2.1.9-12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35841/ORAL-HEALTH.2.1.9-12","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Glass ionomer cements are effective restoration materials because of the ability of fluoride ion releasing and chemical adhesion to a tooth enamel and dentin. Glass ionomer cements are divided into conventional type which is adhered to a tooth by an acid-base reaction, and resin-modified type which is included some of resin components and has an adhesion using mechanical fitting force. Although these cements have good bonding strength to a tooth, this chemical adhesiveness is not sufficient, therefore adhesive monomer addition in the glass ionomer cements have effectiveness improving adhesive ability between glass ionomer cements and teeth. Glass ionomer cements restoration is applied in several situations. Among them, the application of glass ionomer cements to the ART method is very effective. Method: ART technique is known to use hand instruments and glass ionomer cements. This technique is very effectiveness for the treatment of Children who have difficulties in dental treatment and patients with dental phobia. However, this technique takes longer time to remove caries than conventional methods. To resolve this problem, using chemo-mechanical caries removal is effective method. This method is able to shorten caries removal time without affecting adhesion of glass ionomer cements to the tooth. Conclusion: Therefore combination with chemo-mechanical caries removal and glass ionomer cements restoration is effective to obtain satisfied caries treatment.","PeriodicalId":76284,"journal":{"name":"Oral health","volume":"2 1","pages":"9-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70047584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.35841/oral-health.2.1.1-8
Minjoon Yu, Hyojae Kim, Youngjae kim, Jiyon Kim
Background: Emotionally and physically unstable high school students in adolescence tend to experience psychological and sleep disturbances in their uniform and stereotyped life. Hence, we investigated the actual condition of the depressive mood and sleep disturbances of high school students. In addition, we made a study on the correlation of cortisol and melatonin hormone concentration to their depression and sleep disturbances. Methods: We used a questionnaire on depressive moods and a questionnaire on sleep quality respectively to conduct a survey on psychological and sleep states. Melatonin and cortisol concentration in saliva sampled at 7 am and 11 pm were measured by ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunoassay), and statistical analysis was performed with SPSS-version 21. Results: According to the survey of 39 first-year and second-year high school students, there were 38.5% of the students with a depressive mood and 69.2% of students with sleep disturbance. Sleepdisturbances students suffered from depressive moods more than normal-sleep student and depressivemood students showed a significant increase in cortisol at 7 am (wake-up time). In addition, students with depressive moods and students with sleep disturbances have showed a significant increase in melatonin at 11 pm. There was no grade-specific difference. Conclusion: In conclusion, Korean high school students frequently suffer from depressive moods and sleep disturbances, and these students also showed changes in the concentration of related hormones, cortisol and melatonin. In particular, students with depressive moods experience a "phase delayed" phenomenon in which their normal circadian rhythms are delayed. This suggests that high school students' psychological and sleep disturbances may also affect hormones in their bodies. Therefore, it is necessary to take measures to reduce psychological and sleep disturbances.
{"title":"Changes in Hormones, Melatonin and Cortisol, Related to the Psychological and Sleep States of High School Students","authors":"Minjoon Yu, Hyojae Kim, Youngjae kim, Jiyon Kim","doi":"10.35841/oral-health.2.1.1-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35841/oral-health.2.1.1-8","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Emotionally and physically unstable high school students in adolescence tend to experience psychological and sleep disturbances in their uniform and stereotyped life. Hence, we investigated the actual condition of the depressive mood and sleep disturbances of high school students. In addition, we made a study on the correlation of cortisol and melatonin hormone concentration to their depression and sleep disturbances. Methods: We used a questionnaire on depressive moods and a questionnaire on sleep quality respectively to conduct a survey on psychological and sleep states. Melatonin and cortisol concentration in saliva sampled at 7 am and 11 pm were measured by ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunoassay), and statistical analysis was performed with SPSS-version 21. Results: According to the survey of 39 first-year and second-year high school students, there were 38.5% of the students with a depressive mood and 69.2% of students with sleep disturbance. Sleepdisturbances students suffered from depressive moods more than normal-sleep student and depressivemood students showed a significant increase in cortisol at 7 am (wake-up time). In addition, students with depressive moods and students with sleep disturbances have showed a significant increase in melatonin at 11 pm. There was no grade-specific difference. Conclusion: In conclusion, Korean high school students frequently suffer from depressive moods and sleep disturbances, and these students also showed changes in the concentration of related hormones, cortisol and melatonin. In particular, students with depressive moods experience a \"phase delayed\" phenomenon in which their normal circadian rhythms are delayed. This suggests that high school students' psychological and sleep disturbances may also affect hormones in their bodies. Therefore, it is necessary to take measures to reduce psychological and sleep disturbances.","PeriodicalId":76284,"journal":{"name":"Oral health","volume":"38 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70047984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.35841/ORAL-HEALTH.2.1.25-30
H. Anan, E. Matsuzaki
Endodontic-periodontal lesions are often observed in clinical situations. Although endodontic-periodontal lesions are encountered, they may pose difficulties for the clinician in diagnosis and may complicate the treatment. Diagnosis is often challenging because these diseases have been primarily studied as separate entities, and each primary disease may mimic the clinical characteristics of the other disease. In this report, a simple classification of endodontic-periodontal lesions is demonstrated, and presents a case of endodontic-periodontal disease in an immature tooth with a vertical bone defect showing retrograde periodontitis in which successful results were obtained by using infected root canal treatment and apexification with Vitapex? containing calcium hydroxide.
{"title":"A confusing endodontic case with retrograde periodontitis.","authors":"H. Anan, E. Matsuzaki","doi":"10.35841/ORAL-HEALTH.2.1.25-30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35841/ORAL-HEALTH.2.1.25-30","url":null,"abstract":"Endodontic-periodontal lesions are often observed in clinical situations. Although endodontic-periodontal lesions are encountered, they may pose difficulties for the clinician in diagnosis and may complicate the treatment. Diagnosis is often challenging because these diseases have been primarily studied as separate entities, and each primary disease may mimic the clinical characteristics of the other disease. In this report, a simple classification of endodontic-periodontal lesions is demonstrated, and presents a case of endodontic-periodontal disease in an immature tooth with a vertical bone defect showing retrograde periodontitis in which successful results were obtained by using infected root canal treatment and apexification with Vitapex? containing calcium hydroxide.","PeriodicalId":76284,"journal":{"name":"Oral health","volume":"1 1","pages":"25-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70047543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.35841/oral-health.2.1.13-24
R. Murugan, G. Shanmugham, B. Saravanan, Kannan Ms, N. Murugan
Aims & Objective This study was to analyze and compare, stress distribution and displacement of fused maxilla and circumaxillary structures between two different micro-screw assisted rapid palatal expanders (MARPE) using Finite Element Method. Materials & Methods Two different sizes of microscrew implants were used in our study. In Type 1?2 ? 10mm (Orlus implant, Ortholution, Korea ) microscrew implants was used with expansion screw and connected to the expander via INSERTION slot. In Type 2?2 ? 12mm (Orlus implant, Ortholution, Korea) micro-screw implants used with expander. Activation were done transversely for 0.25mm. Geometric non-linear theory was applied to evaluate Von-Mises stress distribution and displacement. Results The stress and strain distribution from forces applied to the circumaxillary sutures, mainly along the suture showed Type 1 had more stress and strain distribution than Type 2. In addition, Type 2 showed more amount of displacement in the midpalatal sutural region. Conclusion In conclusion, Type 2 can offer better and further skeletal expansion with increased fracture resistance and stability than Type 1.
{"title":"Stress distribution and displacement of maxilla in micro-implant assisted rapid palatal expansion: A comparative three dimensional finite element analysis","authors":"R. Murugan, G. Shanmugham, B. Saravanan, Kannan Ms, N. Murugan","doi":"10.35841/oral-health.2.1.13-24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35841/oral-health.2.1.13-24","url":null,"abstract":"Aims & Objective This study was to analyze and compare, stress distribution and displacement of fused maxilla and circumaxillary structures between two different micro-screw assisted rapid palatal expanders (MARPE) using Finite Element Method. Materials & Methods Two different sizes of microscrew implants were used in our study. In Type 1?2 ? 10mm (Orlus implant, Ortholution, Korea ) microscrew implants was used with expansion screw and connected to the expander via INSERTION slot. In Type 2?2 ? 12mm (Orlus implant, Ortholution, Korea) micro-screw implants used with expander. Activation were done transversely for 0.25mm. Geometric non-linear theory was applied to evaluate Von-Mises stress distribution and displacement. Results The stress and strain distribution from forces applied to the circumaxillary sutures, mainly along the suture showed Type 1 had more stress and strain distribution than Type 2. In addition, Type 2 showed more amount of displacement in the midpalatal sutural region. Conclusion In conclusion, Type 2 can offer better and further skeletal expansion with increased fracture resistance and stability than Type 1.","PeriodicalId":76284,"journal":{"name":"Oral health","volume":"3 1","pages":"13-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70047922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-01DOI: 10.35841/ORAL-HEALTH.1.1.9-13
Pei-Ju Lin, Ming-Chuen Chuang, Szu-Chung Chang
Objective: Patients with periodontitis often have difficulty in maintaining oral hygiene with toothbrushes during treatment periods, especially for patients with severe conditions where brushing may cause bleeding of the gingiva and increase the chance of bacterial infection. Patients who have oral cancer, or who are bedridden long-term due to chronic diseases, also experience similar inconveniences in being unable to maintain oral hygiene through brushing their teeth and must do so through other means. Methods: We explored the method for dental washer, using the micro-bubble generator connect the ejection nozzle to an ergonomically designed soft teeth-tray that fits with the tooth configuration of a typical human oral cavity to clean oral plaque bacteria. Five levels of rotor speed and 4 type of ejection hole diameter, totally, were using 20 combinations to clean oral plaques bacteria. Results: Our results showed that with various combinations of motor speed settings and pore diameters, a clearing rate of 56% or more (average 79.55%) could be achieved, while in some combinations a clearing rate of 91.64% was possible. The nozzles with smaller diameters coupled with low speed motor had higher cleaning efficiency; the larger the diameter, the higher the volume and the larger the bubble dimensions and better bacteria removal. Conclusion: The experimental verification is effective by controlling ejection hole diameter and soft tooth-tray on better bacteria removal. For future, it is hoped that can definitely solve the dental hygiene issue for long-term bed-ridden patients who could not use toothbrush.
{"title":"The efficacy of oral hygiene by micro-bubbles cleaning.","authors":"Pei-Ju Lin, Ming-Chuen Chuang, Szu-Chung Chang","doi":"10.35841/ORAL-HEALTH.1.1.9-13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35841/ORAL-HEALTH.1.1.9-13","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Patients with periodontitis often have difficulty in maintaining oral hygiene with toothbrushes during treatment periods, especially for patients with severe conditions where brushing may cause bleeding of the gingiva and increase the chance of bacterial infection. Patients who have oral cancer, or who are bedridden long-term due to chronic diseases, also experience similar inconveniences in being unable to maintain oral hygiene through brushing their teeth and must do so through other means. Methods: We explored the method for dental washer, using the micro-bubble generator connect the ejection nozzle to an ergonomically designed soft teeth-tray that fits with the tooth configuration of a typical human oral cavity to clean oral plaque bacteria. Five levels of rotor speed and 4 type of ejection hole diameter, totally, were using 20 combinations to clean oral plaques bacteria. Results: Our results showed that with various combinations of motor speed settings and pore diameters, a clearing rate of 56% or more (average 79.55%) could be achieved, while in some combinations a clearing rate of 91.64% was possible. The nozzles with smaller diameters coupled with low speed motor had higher cleaning efficiency; the larger the diameter, the higher the volume and the larger the bubble dimensions and better bacteria removal. Conclusion: The experimental verification is effective by controlling ejection hole diameter and soft tooth-tray on better bacteria removal. For future, it is hoped that can definitely solve the dental hygiene issue for long-term bed-ridden patients who could not use toothbrush.","PeriodicalId":76284,"journal":{"name":"Oral health","volume":"1 1","pages":"9-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70047095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-01DOI: 10.35841/ORAL-HEALTH.1.1.1
Abdulhakim Ahmad Alyafei
{"title":"Clinical dentistry and oral health.","authors":"Abdulhakim Ahmad Alyafei","doi":"10.35841/ORAL-HEALTH.1.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35841/ORAL-HEALTH.1.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76284,"journal":{"name":"Oral health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70047147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-01DOI: 10.35841/oral-health.1.1.1-5
J. Nathan
Among the most common of iatrogenic causes of initial pediatric dental misbehavior occurs when a young or fearful child is separated from their parent and escorted by a stranger into the dental operatory. While many children ages four and older can readily be separated from the parent and enter the dental operatory alone without consequence, timid, moderate to severely apprehensive, and pre-cooperative children, however, can be expected to find detachment from a parent in new circumstances a highly frightening event. Not astonishingly, workplace policies that demand arbitrary or necessary separation has potential to precipitate a behavior management drawback before one need occur [1]. At this juncture, having to confront a hysterical and crying child from an otherwise content child with the comfort of their parent is avoidable from the outset.
{"title":"Eliminating pediatric behavior management problems at the outset:inviting parents into the dental operatory.","authors":"J. Nathan","doi":"10.35841/oral-health.1.1.1-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35841/oral-health.1.1.1-5","url":null,"abstract":"Among the most common of iatrogenic causes of initial pediatric dental misbehavior occurs when a young or fearful child is separated from their parent and escorted by a stranger into the dental operatory. While many children ages four and older can readily be separated from the parent and enter the dental operatory alone without consequence, timid, moderate to severely apprehensive, and pre-cooperative children, however, can be expected to find detachment from a parent in new circumstances a highly frightening event. Not astonishingly, workplace policies that demand arbitrary or necessary separation has potential to precipitate a behavior management drawback before one need occur [1]. At this juncture, having to confront a hysterical and crying child from an otherwise content child with the comfort of their parent is avoidable from the outset.","PeriodicalId":76284,"journal":{"name":"Oral health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70047385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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