On the basis of examination of 58 children with diagnosed dystrophic osseous cysts there were revealed new aspects of roentgenologic characterization of dystrophic osseous cysts in children. It has been stated that high-structure roentgenography with primary magnification (apparatus Rays-D) allows to make more accurate an anatomical structure of the osseous cysts, nature of outlines as well as the state of adjacent sections of bone. Development of osseous cysts in considerable number of cases combines with the manifested symptoms of dystrophy in the surrounding osseous tissue (osteoporosis, loss of architectonics and presence of cyst-like formations).