{"title":"Twenty-two dimensions of the population problem.","authors":"L R Brown, P L McGrath, B Stokes","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76339,"journal":{"name":"Population reports. Series J, Family planning programs","volume":" 11","pages":"177-202"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1976-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12208169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1976-10-28DOI: 10.1017/s0084255900022245
L. Brown
During the 1970s some changes have occurred in the area of population policies and trends. There has been both progress and failure. The growth in world populaton has begun to slow in both developed and developing nations. The apparent decline in the birthrate of China between 1970-1975 is the most rapid of any country on record and may be regarded as family plannings greatest success story. It reveals what a government committed to reducing fertility can accomplish when it deals with the problem on several fronts simultaneously. Another hopeful sign is the decline by 1/3 in the U.S. population growth rate between 1970-1975. Although most of the slowdown in the global population growth stems from declining birthrates in some poor countries population growth is being periodically checked by hunger-induced rises in death rates. The recent upturns in the national death rates represent a reversal of postwar trends. In some situations population growth now acts as a double-edge sword simultaneously contributing to growth in food demand and to reduced food output. It has become clear during the 1970s that land-based food systems can give as did oceanic fisheries under intense pressure. Population growth along with the lesser effect of rising affluence has pushed food consumption ahead of production in recent years and has become a major preoccupation for the entire world. In a world without an adequate system of food reserves increasing world food prices translate into increasing death rates among the poorest people. Crop failure in a rich country has an economic impact but in a poor country it can also have a measurable demographic impact. Attention is specifically focused on population trends 1970-1975; countries that are achieving or approaching stability; the tragic rise of death rates; and the population prospect.
{"title":"World population trends: signs of hope, signs of stress.","authors":"L. Brown","doi":"10.1017/s0084255900022245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0084255900022245","url":null,"abstract":"During the 1970s some changes have occurred in the area of population policies and trends. There has been both progress and failure. The growth in world populaton has begun to slow in both developed and developing nations. The apparent decline in the birthrate of China between 1970-1975 is the most rapid of any country on record and may be regarded as family plannings greatest success story. It reveals what a government committed to reducing fertility can accomplish when it deals with the problem on several fronts simultaneously. Another hopeful sign is the decline by 1/3 in the U.S. population growth rate between 1970-1975. Although most of the slowdown in the global population growth stems from declining birthrates in some poor countries population growth is being periodically checked by hunger-induced rises in death rates. The recent upturns in the national death rates represent a reversal of postwar trends. In some situations population growth now acts as a double-edge sword simultaneously contributing to growth in food demand and to reduced food output. It has become clear during the 1970s that land-based food systems can give as did oceanic fisheries under intense pressure. Population growth along with the lesser effect of rising affluence has pushed food consumption ahead of production in recent years and has become a major preoccupation for the entire world. In a world without an adequate system of food reserves increasing world food prices translate into increasing death rates among the poorest people. Crop failure in a rich country has an economic impact but in a poor country it can also have a measurable demographic impact. Attention is specifically focused on population trends 1970-1975; countries that are achieving or approaching stability; the tragic rise of death rates; and the population prospect.","PeriodicalId":76339,"journal":{"name":"Population reports. Series J, Family planning programs","volume":"13 1","pages":"237-51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1976-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/s0084255900022245","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"56825700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
An examination of the economic social ecological and political facets of overpopulation portray the stresses and strains associated with continued population growth in a world already inhabited by four billion people. A lack of facilities and the effects of poor nutrition on intelligence make illiteracy especially common in areas of high population growth. Overfishing and pollution of oceans has lowered the productivity of oceanic fisheries and even at maximum levels oceanic production cannot meet food demands. Access to recreation areas is becoming increasingly limited. Waste has increased to a point where the ecosystem can no longer readily break it down and absorb it and pollution results. Inflation caused when demand exceeds supply is a result of large population gains. A growing share of all illness and death in the world today is directly attributable to human changes in the environment stemming from population growth. The recent downturn in per capita grain consumption the inability to rebuild grain reserves the acceleration of world dependence on North American grain exports and overgrazing are direct results of growing demands for food. Providing decent living quarters for a rapidly increasing population is extraordinarily difficult. Increasing amounts of carbon dioxide and dust in the atmosphere have changed the climate of large regions of the earth. The rural exodus has increased urbanization and crowding in both rural and urban areas has deleterious effects. Large population growth offsets gains in economic growth lowering the per capita income. Demand for land for agriculture and wood for fuel has caused serious deforestation. Energy and mineral demands cannot be met and water is in short supply. Health services cannot keep up with population growth. Individual freedom is compromised when limitations and guidelines must be imposed by the government for the common good.
{"title":"Twenty-two dimensions of the population problem.","authors":"L. Brown, P. L. McGrath, B. Stokes","doi":"10.2307/1531902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1531902","url":null,"abstract":"An examination of the economic social ecological and political facets of overpopulation portray the stresses and strains associated with continued population growth in a world already inhabited by four billion people. A lack of facilities and the effects of poor nutrition on intelligence make illiteracy especially common in areas of high population growth. Overfishing and pollution of oceans has lowered the productivity of oceanic fisheries and even at maximum levels oceanic production cannot meet food demands. Access to recreation areas is becoming increasingly limited. Waste has increased to a point where the ecosystem can no longer readily break it down and absorb it and pollution results. Inflation caused when demand exceeds supply is a result of large population gains. A growing share of all illness and death in the world today is directly attributable to human changes in the environment stemming from population growth. The recent downturn in per capita grain consumption the inability to rebuild grain reserves the acceleration of world dependence on North American grain exports and overgrazing are direct results of growing demands for food. Providing decent living quarters for a rapidly increasing population is extraordinarily difficult. Increasing amounts of carbon dioxide and dust in the atmosphere have changed the climate of large regions of the earth. The rural exodus has increased urbanization and crowding in both rural and urban areas has deleterious effects. Large population growth offsets gains in economic growth lowering the per capita income. Demand for land for agriculture and wood for fuel has caused serious deforestation. Energy and mineral demands cannot be met and water is in short supply. Health services cannot keep up with population growth. Individual freedom is compromised when limitations and guidelines must be imposed by the government for the common good.","PeriodicalId":76339,"journal":{"name":"Population reports. Series J, Family planning programs","volume":"11 1","pages":"177-202"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1976-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2307/1531902","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69270285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Adolescent fertility risks and consequences.","authors":"W B Hunt","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76339,"journal":{"name":"Population reports. Series J, Family planning programs","volume":" 10 PT 1","pages":"157-75"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1976-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12159073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Training nonphysicians in family planning services and a directory of training programs.","authors":"J Wortman","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76339,"journal":{"name":"Population reports. Series J, Family planning programs","volume":" 6","pages":"89-108"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1975-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12280257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Breast-feeding--aid to infant health and fertility control.","authors":"R Buchanan","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76339,"journal":{"name":"Population reports. Series J, Family planning programs","volume":" 4","pages":"49-67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1975-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12280256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Advanced training in fertility management.","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76339,"journal":{"name":"Population reports. Series J, Family planning programs","volume":" 3","pages":"41-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1974-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"15387800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"World fertility trends, 1974.","authors":"R T Ravenholt, J Chao","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76339,"journal":{"name":"Population reports. Series J, Family planning programs","volume":" 2","pages":"J21-39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1974-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"15252712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Family planning programs and fertility patterns.","authors":"R T Ravenholt, J W Brackett, J Chao","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76339,"journal":{"name":"Population reports. Series J, Family planning programs","volume":" 1","pages":"J1-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1973-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"15902034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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