Saguinus mystax marmosets were experimentally infected with two strains of human hepatitis A virus. One of these strains of HAV was successfully subpassaged in this species of marmosets. In another experiment, the 1.32 and 1.41 g/cm3 buoyant density species of HAV derived from an infected chimpanzee stool were shown to be infectious in three species of marmosets. The value of the marmoset as an experimental model for hepatitis A infection was demonstrated by these studies.
Marmoset reticulocytes and bone marrow provide a valuable tissue resource for the study of primate hemoglobin structure and synthesis. The amino acid sequence of the marmoset hemoglobin has been determined, and the close homology between it and that of the human suggest it may be a valuable model for study of the effects of chemical modification on hemoglobin function. Hemoglobin synthesis by fetal bone marrow has been reported to be stimulated by physiologic levels of l-thyroxine. Differences in hormone responsiveness between fetal and adult red cell precursors have tentatively been ascribed to differences in permeability of the fetal and adult clones of cells.
A paramyxovirus has been isolated, identified and characterized. The virus causes a disease characterized clinically by severe diarrhea, dehydration and death. Microscopically the disease is characterized as a proliferative gastroenterocolitis with focal necrosis of the mucosa, by giant syncytial cells and eosinophilic intranuclear and intracytoplasmic inclusions. The virus is closely related to measles virus antigenically.
Three marmoset species (Saguinus oedipus oedipus, S. fuscicollis, Callithrix jacchus) failed to show evidence of infection or disease following inoculation of baboon endogenous type-C virus (BaEV). Cells infected with a Kirsten murine sarcoma-BaEV pseudotype (MSV[BaEV]) produced a progressive fibrosarcoma in S. o. oedipus and tumors in S. fuscicollis and C. jacchus which regressed. Tumor formation is believed to be due to growth of inoculated, virus-infected cells and not transformation of marmoset cells. S. o. oedipus showed the best serum neutralizing antibody response to BaEV and MSV(BaEV), S. fuscicollis a moderate response and C. jacchus no response.
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-like herpeviruses, strains of Herpesvirus papio (HVP), have recently been isolated from lymphomatous (HVP-L) and from normal baboons (HVP-N). Both HVP isolates infect some species of marmosets, HVP-L inoculated adult animals develop a mild to severe and sometimes fatal lymphoproliferative disease whereas newborn marmosets of the same species do not develop a measureable disease after inoculation with HVP-l. HVP-N infects adult marmosets but does not cause disease.
The histologic reaction of the marmoset periodontium to a single intragingival injection of CFA was followed sequentially over a 2-week period. The earliest lesions were nonspecific and similar to IFA-induced responses. After 4 days the CFA-produced lesions were markedly destructive of periodontal bone, whereas the IFA reaction was not, indicating that the alveolar bone destruction that stemmed form the CFA injection may have been immunologically mediated.
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