Revue d'odonto-stomatologie最新文献

Physiologic principles, mediators, drugs and biologic agents involved in allergic reactions such as skin eruptions, local swelling and anaphylaxis are exposed. Then, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment and preventive modalities are described.

The physiopathology of respiratory accident will be discussed after a short summary of the respiratory system anatomy and its function at rest. The second part of this article will review the main reasons for respiratory deficiencies which are classified in four chapters: attack of the diaphragm attack of the wall attack of the respiratory tracts attack of the alveolo-capillary exchange The principal consequences, hypoxia and hypercapnia will be seen in the conclusion.

The acute crisis of tetany appears generally on spasmophilic backgrounds, triggered most often by stress and anxiety. Always benign, it can however be quite annoying because of its length. The authors study that crisis successively from an etiological, therapeutical and preventive point of view.

Dental or medical practice is ruled by legal texts (Code Civil--Code Pénal), that are well defined and have to be known by all the practitioners. More capacity leads to more responsibility of each. Then it belongs to us to harmonize juridical capacity and individual competency.

The authors belong to Medical Urgency Service of the Firemen Brigade of Paris. They detailed the indispensable material for cardio-respiratory reanimation that they use during their interventions.

The vaso-vagal syndrome, the most frequent accident may appear during dental treatments, can involve breve conscience loss. In case of important bradycardia, the medical treatment consists in an intravenous injection of atropine sulfate. Prevention of this syndrome consists in an anxiolytic and/or vagolytic premedication.

Attack of asthma (bronchospasm) is a group of sharp breathing manifestations. It can appear in an asthmatic patient or in a patient who has not asthmatic antecedents. It exists a large variety of clinic forms: breathing, neuro-psychic and cardio-circulatory signs. In front of a bronchospasm, oxygenation has priority. The practitioner can use medicinal therapeutics like corticoids and must supervise ventilation.

This statement takes stock of the gestual behaviour to have since the emergence of neurological, ventilatory or cardio-circulatory distresses able to compromise the vital prognosis of a patient. All the techniques which are described are first emergency techniques, destined to Dental Surgeons in the exercise of their profession.

The cardio-circulatory system is a transportation system which allows the oxygen to be brought to the organs and eliminates the carbon dioxide produced by these organs. It includes the heart and the vessels. The quantity of blood pulsed by the heart is called cardiac output (approximately 51/mn for an adult). When the needs in oxygen increase (exercise), the cardiac output increases. That increase is mostly related to an increase of the cardiac frequency (tachycardia). The vessels oppose a certain resistance to the blood flow. An inverse relation exist between cardiac output and vascularly resistance: physiologically, when one increases the other decreases and reciprocally. The mechanism and the symptomatology of cardio-circulatory accidents can be explained by alterations of the cardiac output and/or the vascularly resistances.