The Journal of computed tomography最新文献

Cryptococcosis is a recognized opportunistic pathogen in the acquired immune deficiency syndrome. Although central nervous system infection and disseminated cryptococcosis is common in acquired immune deficiency syndrome, localized infection is rare. We present a case of massive retroperitoneal and mesenteric adenopathy in a male homosexual patient with acquired immune deficiency syndrome with clinical and radiologic features suggestive of lymphoma. However, this was proven pathologically to represent cryptococcal infiltration of the lymph nodes. Our experience indicates that Cryptococcus neoformans should be included in the differential diagnosis of massive abdominal adenopathy in the acquired immune deficiency syndrome.

A patient with giant fibroadipose polyp of the esophagus is reported. A new observation, a corrugated appearance localized to the segment of the esophagus containing the intraluminal tumor, is discussed. In addition, the computed tomography appearance of the tumor is presented.

Abdominal bleeding may accumulate in the peritoneal cavity, retroperitoneal compartments, intraabdominal organs such as liver or bowel wall, or, rarely, in the intestinal mesentery. During the past 3 years we have encountered four cases of isolated mesenteric hematomas that were demonstrated on abdominal computed tomography examination. In this report, we present the clinical and computed tomography findings of intermesenteric hematomas with review of the pertinent mesenteric anatomy, and add four more cases to the two cases reported in two earlier reports.

This case illustrates previously unreported computed tomography findings in a primary pancreatic squamous cell carcinoma, an unusual pancreatic malignancy. With bolus injection of intravenous contrast, attenuation of this tumor increased from 35 to 61 Hounsfield units, a finding not typical for pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

Avulsion of the ureter is a rare but significant traumatic injury, and there is often a delay in diagnosis and treatment (1). Radiologic signs have been described for intravenous urography but are not always present (2). To our knowledge, the computed tomographic appearance of avulsion of the ureter has not been described. Herein, we report the contrast-enhanced computed tomography findings in a case of traumatic avulsion of the ureter.

A case of Wyburn-Mason syndrome comprising unilateral retinocephalic vascular malformations is reported in a 7-year-old girl presenting with proptosis of the left eye associated with injection of the bulbar conjunctiva. This rare congenital vascular disorder is reviewed in the literature, and in particular the neuroradiological findings are detailed in the presented case.

Scans of 14 patients with hemoglobin levels of 7.6 to 10.2 grams/deciliter (gm/dL) were positive for the diagnosis of anemia. All demonstrated the interventricular septum and ascending and descending aortic walls. Scans of 23 patients with hemoglobin levels of 10.5 to 12.8 gm/dL were positive for the diagnosis of anemia in 11 and negative in 12. The ascending and descending aortic walls were seen 39% and 48% of the time, respectively. Scans of 13 patients with hemoglobin levels of 12.9 to 16.0 gm/dL were negative for the diagnosis of anemia.

Distinctive computed tomography features of the accessory cardiac bronchus are illustrated. Bronchial anomalies, while rare, are important to recognize, especially if bronchoscopy or surgery is anticipated. Related clinical symptoms are thought to be secondary to retained secretions.

Computed tomographic (CT) findings of a rare case of triple-barreled aortic dissection was described. CT demonstrated the extent of dissection, a communication between two channels, and three lumens separated by the intimal flap and a thin undetached tunica media, resembling a Mercedes-Benz mark.

The detectability of small daughter nodules of hepatocellular carcinoma by computed tomography after hepatic arterial infusion of Lipiodol (iodized oil) and by infusion hepatic angiography was studied in 102 cases. The Lipiodol was selectively accumulated by the tumor. Tumors and small daughter nodules appeared as high-density areas on computed tomography. In 24 cases daughter nodules were identified only by computed tomography. In 50 cases computed tomography demonstrated superior ability to detect the daughter nodules when compared with infusion hepatic angiography. In 21 cases the daughter nodules were detected for the first time in areas other than the main site of the primary tumor. Lipiodol-computed tomography is very effective in the diagnosis of daughter nodules of hepatocellular carcinoma.