A case was described when a newborn was inoculated with Coxiella Burnetti as a result of infection relapse (in 8 months after acute disease) in his mother. Coxiella Burnetii were isolated from blood of both patients. Dynamics of humoral immunity indices in mother was observed both at the primary disease and during the period of infection relapse.
In trials the optimal conditions of immuno-enzyme analysis for detection of antibodies to Coxiella burnetii were revealed. It was proved that the sensitivity of ELISA exceeds the sensitivity of reaction of complement binding not less than in 100 times. The effectiveness of ELISA was shown to be higher than that of reaction of complement binding both at early terms of disease (up to 14th day) and in persons having the disease rather long ago (1-2 years ago).
Vaccination of animals is indicated for cattle and sheep to prevent human infections deriving from these animals and inhibit the infertility in livestock. Both phase I and phase II are available. Vaccination is successful only when animals had been vaccinated as noninfected young, i. e. calves or lambs. Corpuscular vaccines are prevalent in immunoprophylaxis of domestic animals against coxiellosis. Such vaccines consist of formalin--inactivated, purified corpuscules Coxiella burnetii in phase I or phase II suspended in isotonic saline. But only complete composition of particles Coxiella burnetii secures their immunogenicity. We assume that any vaccine prepared from phase II Coxiella burnetii can not be equivalent to a vaccine prepared from phase I Coxiella burnetii. We tried to ascertain the optimal dose of Q-fever vaccine Coxiella burnetii, strain Nine Mile phase I, for the immunization of cattle. The vaccine is called BODIBION and it is commercially produced by BIOVETA in Nitra, Czechoslovakia. It is recommended to vaccinate by Coxiella--free herds of cattle the heifers from the age of 3 months with a dose of 200 micrograms of vaccine with the possibility either to revaccinate with the same dose, i. e. 200 micrograms 3-4 weeks after the first dose, or to vaccinate with only a single dose, i. e. 200 micrograms, but with the addition of adjuvans. In Q-fever infested herds it is recommended to vaccinate with 500 micrograms of vaccine with the possibility of either to revaccinate after 3-4 weeks with a lower dose, i. e. 200 micrograms of vaccine, or to vaccinate with a single dose of 500 micrograms vaccine with the addition of adjuvans. The administration of adjuvans in the vaccination process seems to be perspective in the development of vaccines against coxiellosis in domestic animals. Its involvement may lower the recently used vaccination dose and may avoid the revaccination.
Sera of Brill-Zinsser disease patients (70 samples) Q fever patients (12 samples) and healthy persons from Q fever enzootic areas (99 samples) were studied in indirect solid phase enzyme immunoassay (ELISA), indirect immunofluorescent antibody test (IFA) and indirect passive hemahglutination test. ELISA and IFA have been proved as most sensitive tests for detection of rickettsial antibodies in both clinical and retrospective diagnosis of Rickettsial diseases.
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