Pub Date : 2021-10-01DOI: 10.31208/2618-7353-2021-15-48-56
I. Gorlov, Dmitry Nikolaev, S. Surkova, M. Slozhenkina, A. Mosolov
Aim. Study of the effect of lactulose-containing feed additives on the growth and meat productivity of Kazakh white-headed steers. Materials and Methods. The research was carried out on the basis of the A.N. Sobolev’s farm enterprise, Uryupinsky district, Volgograd region. For the experimental work, 30 heads of the Kazakh white-headed steers at the age of 8 months were selected. The animals were divided into three groups. Each group consisted of 10 animals. The steers of the control group received a general economic diet, consisting of pasture forage with the addition of 2.5 kg of concentrated feed; analogues of experimental group I received the feed additive "Laktuvet-1" in addition to the concentrates; experimental group II – feed additive "Kumelact-1". Feed additives were introduced in an amount of 0.5% by mass of the concentrated feed. The diet of experimental young animals were calculated to obtain average daily gain at the level from 950 to 1000 g. The growth of animals was assessed according to the data of monthly individual weighing and determination of live weight, absolute and average daily gain. The slaughter of experimental animals was carried out according to the method of VNIIMS (1984). All the material presented in the article was processed using standard biometric methods (according to the method of Plokhinsky N.A., 1969) using software Microsoft Office package and determination of the Student-Fischer difference probability criterion. Results. As a result of the studies, it was found that the animals of experimental groups I and II began to surpass significantly steers of control group from the age of 11 months. At the age of 15 months, their superiority in live weight was 9.4 kg, or 2.19% (P≥0.95), and 21.3 kg, or 4.97% (P≥0.999), respectively. The advantage of the animals of experimental groups I and II over the steers of control group in terms of the average daily gain was 4.62 (P≥0.99) and 10.98% (P≥0.999), respectively, for the entire period of the experiment. The results of the control slaughter indicate that the steers that received feed additives exceeded the analogous of control group in carcass yield by 0.10 and 0.30%; fat yield – by 0.10 and 0.20%; slaughter yield – by 0.20 and 0.24%, respectively. Conclusion. The use of feed additives "Laktuvet-1" and "Kumelaсt-1 in the diets of experimental young animals contributed to an increase in live weight and an improvement in the slaughter qualities of cattle. The highest effect was found in the group of animals that received the feed additive "Kumelact-1".
{"title":"Meat productivity of Kazakh White-Headed steers with use in feeding of lactulose-containing additives","authors":"I. Gorlov, Dmitry Nikolaev, S. Surkova, M. Slozhenkina, A. Mosolov","doi":"10.31208/2618-7353-2021-15-48-56","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31208/2618-7353-2021-15-48-56","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. Study of the effect of lactulose-containing feed additives on the growth and meat productivity of Kazakh white-headed steers. Materials and Methods. The research was carried out on the basis of the A.N. Sobolev’s farm enterprise, Uryupinsky district, Volgograd region. For the experimental work, 30 heads of the Kazakh white-headed steers at the age of 8 months were selected. The animals were divided into three groups. Each group consisted of 10 animals. The steers of the control group received a general economic diet, consisting of pasture forage with the addition of 2.5 kg of concentrated feed; analogues of experimental group I received the feed additive \"Laktuvet-1\" in addition to the concentrates; experimental group II – feed additive \"Kumelact-1\". Feed additives were introduced in an amount of 0.5% by mass of the concentrated feed. The diet of experimental young animals were calculated to obtain average daily gain at the level from 950 to 1000 g. The growth of animals was assessed according to the data of monthly individual weighing and determination of live weight, absolute and average daily gain. The slaughter of experimental animals was carried out according to the method of VNIIMS (1984). All the material presented in the article was processed using standard biometric methods (according to the method of Plokhinsky N.A., 1969) using software Microsoft Office package and determination of the Student-Fischer difference probability criterion. Results. As a result of the studies, it was found that the animals of experimental groups I and II began to surpass significantly steers of control group from the age of 11 months. At the age of 15 months, their superiority in live weight was 9.4 kg, or 2.19% (P≥0.95), and 21.3 kg, or 4.97% (P≥0.999), respectively. The advantage of the animals of experimental groups I and II over the steers of control group in terms of the average daily gain was 4.62 (P≥0.99) and 10.98% (P≥0.999), respectively, for the entire period of the experiment. The results of the control slaughter indicate that the steers that received feed additives exceeded the analogous of control group in carcass yield by 0.10 and 0.30%; fat yield – by 0.10 and 0.20%; slaughter yield – by 0.20 and 0.24%, respectively. Conclusion. The use of feed additives \"Laktuvet-1\" and \"Kumelaсt-1 in the diets of experimental young animals contributed to an increase in live weight and an improvement in the slaughter qualities of cattle. The highest effect was found in the group of animals that received the feed additive \"Kumelact-1\".","PeriodicalId":7676,"journal":{"name":"Agrarian-And-Food Innovations","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90122934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-01DOI: 10.31208/2618-7353-2021-15-86-95
M. Slozhenkina, M. Frolova, M. Vasilyeva, M.V. Stesyakova, M.V. Odanovich, E. Mosolova
Aim. A comparative study of the biochemical composition and properties of goat and cow milk produced in the Volgograd region in order to determine the most appropriate raw materials for the production of baby food. Materials and Methods. In the course of the experimental studies were used generally accepted biochemical and mathematical methods of analysis: mass fraction of fat was determined according to GOST 22760-77, protein – according to GOST 23327-98, SOMO – according to GOST 3626-73, freezing point – according to GOST 30562-97, mass fraction of moisture – by drying in an oven, amino acid composition – by capillary electrophoresis on Drops 105M, density – using a hydrometer, Klever 2M, Laktan 700 (GOST R 54758-2011), mass fraction of lactose – according to GOST 34304-2017, mass fraction of mineral salts – according to GOST 26929-94, macroelement composition – using device Kvant 2AT. Results. As a result of the research the state of goat milk production in the country and, in particular, in Volgograd region has been studied. The laboratory studies have established that goat milk differs significantly from cow's milk by its physical and chemical properties, protein and fatty-acid composition. For example, goat milk contains up to 65-67% unsaturated fatty acids, which is 4-6% higher than in cow's milk. At the same time, goat milk is reliably superior to cow's milk in unsaturated fatty acids content. Goat milk, contains calcium up to 143.0 mg, magnesium – 14.0 mg or 16.6% and 7.7% more than cow's milk, respectively. In goat milk, the Ca:P ratio is more than 21.8%. Such milk contains both pro-vitamin and total vitamin A. In terms of vitamin A content, goat milk exceeds cow's milk by 2 times, vitamin E by 1.28 times, vitamin C by 1.33 times, vitamin PP by 3.0 times. Conclusion. In the studies we have shown the biochemical features of goat's milk in comparison with cow's milk. It is revealed that about 10 thousand goats of dairy breeds are kept in goat farms of Volgograd region. Pasteurized and sterilized milk, sour cream, cottage cheese and cheese are produced in small quantities. However, the prospects for goat milk production and processing in the region are seen, which is associated with the annual increase in the number of dairy goats and the increase in consumer demand.
{"title":"Comparative biochemical composition and properties of goat and cow milk produced in the conditions of Volgograd Region","authors":"M. Slozhenkina, M. Frolova, M. Vasilyeva, M.V. Stesyakova, M.V. Odanovich, E. Mosolova","doi":"10.31208/2618-7353-2021-15-86-95","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31208/2618-7353-2021-15-86-95","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. A comparative study of the biochemical composition and properties of goat and cow milk produced in the Volgograd region in order to determine the most appropriate raw materials for the production of baby food. Materials and Methods. In the course of the experimental studies were used generally accepted biochemical and mathematical methods of analysis: mass fraction of fat was determined according to GOST 22760-77, protein – according to GOST 23327-98, SOMO – according to GOST 3626-73, freezing point – according to GOST 30562-97, mass fraction of moisture – by drying in an oven, amino acid composition – by capillary electrophoresis on Drops 105M, density – using a hydrometer, Klever 2M, Laktan 700 (GOST R 54758-2011), mass fraction of lactose – according to GOST 34304-2017, mass fraction of mineral salts – according to GOST 26929-94, macroelement composition – using device Kvant 2AT. Results. As a result of the research the state of goat milk production in the country and, in particular, in Volgograd region has been studied. The laboratory studies have established that goat milk differs significantly from cow's milk by its physical and chemical properties, protein and fatty-acid composition. For example, goat milk contains up to 65-67% unsaturated fatty acids, which is 4-6% higher than in cow's milk. At the same time, goat milk is reliably superior to cow's milk in unsaturated fatty acids content. Goat milk, contains calcium up to 143.0 mg, magnesium – 14.0 mg or 16.6% and 7.7% more than cow's milk, respectively. In goat milk, the Ca:P ratio is more than 21.8%. Such milk contains both pro-vitamin and total vitamin A. In terms of vitamin A content, goat milk exceeds cow's milk by 2 times, vitamin E by 1.28 times, vitamin C by 1.33 times, vitamin PP by 3.0 times. Conclusion. In the studies we have shown the biochemical features of goat's milk in comparison with cow's milk. It is revealed that about 10 thousand goats of dairy breeds are kept in goat farms of Volgograd region. Pasteurized and sterilized milk, sour cream, cottage cheese and cheese are produced in small quantities. However, the prospects for goat milk production and processing in the region are seen, which is associated with the annual increase in the number of dairy goats and the increase in consumer demand.","PeriodicalId":7676,"journal":{"name":"Agrarian-And-Food Innovations","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73781371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-01DOI: 10.31208/2618-7353-2021-15-32-39
M. Kholodova, O. Shakhbazova
Aim. Development of forecasts and find the opportunities for the development of domestic agricultural production in the context of global challenges and threats. Materials and Methods. The research methodology is based on a standard set of methods of economic analysis necessary to identify opportunities for the development of domestic agricultural production in the context of global challenges and threats. The data of Rosstat served as the information and empirical base of the study. Results. The policy of the food embargo and the course taken to implement an export-oriented strategy stimulated the growth of investments in innovative agricultural production "from farm to counter". Conclusion. In the conditions of global cataclysms, the development of the industry proceeds mainly due to its crop-growing orientation, as well as the large-scale exhaustion of natural, labor, financial and logistical resources. Domestic agricultural production, which has a high production potential, can demonstrate more intensive development based on the search for breakthrough innovative technologies.
{"title":"Forecast and opportunities for the development of domestic agricultural production","authors":"M. Kholodova, O. Shakhbazova","doi":"10.31208/2618-7353-2021-15-32-39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31208/2618-7353-2021-15-32-39","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. Development of forecasts and find the opportunities for the development of domestic agricultural production in the context of global challenges and threats. Materials and Methods. The research methodology is based on a standard set of methods of economic analysis necessary to identify opportunities for the development of domestic agricultural production in the context of global challenges and threats. The data of Rosstat served as the information and empirical base of the study. Results. The policy of the food embargo and the course taken to implement an export-oriented strategy stimulated the growth of investments in innovative agricultural production \"from farm to counter\". Conclusion. In the conditions of global cataclysms, the development of the industry proceeds mainly due to its crop-growing orientation, as well as the large-scale exhaustion of natural, labor, financial and logistical resources. Domestic agricultural production, which has a high production potential, can demonstrate more intensive development based on the search for breakthrough innovative technologies.","PeriodicalId":7676,"journal":{"name":"Agrarian-And-Food Innovations","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75958388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-29DOI: 10.31208/2618-7353-2021-14-20-28
M. Kholodova, O. Shakhbazova
Aim. Development and justification of the calculation and analytical tool and adaptation of the methodology of its use to the laws of the development of individual branches of agricultural production and scientific interpretation of promising directions of their development. Materials and Methods. In the course of the work, econometric models were used, the main ones of which should be considered correlation and regression, including ridge regression, simulation and trend. The method of simulation modeling was supplemented by the method of expert assessments. Calculations of econometric models were carried out using the SPSS Statistics, Mathcad packages and the FAR-AREA 4.0 software tool. Results. Calculations using econometric models allowed us to develop and justify three author's scenarios for the development of sunflower production in the region: inertial, moderate and optimistic, in the context of the implementation of an export-oriented strategy in the agro-industrial complex for the period up to 2023. Conclusion. To implement the conditions of all three variants of the forecast of sunflower production, it is necessary to increase the use of elite seeds of domestic production and imported seeds in the structure of crops, as well as to ensure a positive dynamics of the introduction of plant protection products per 1 hectare of sown area, which in the future will contribute to the growth of crop yields. The forecast parameters of sunflower yield obtained by us in 2023 in the Rostov region for all three variants are realistic and correspond to the production conditions of the region.
{"title":"Econometric forecasting methods industrial sectors of the agro-industrial complex","authors":"M. Kholodova, O. Shakhbazova","doi":"10.31208/2618-7353-2021-14-20-28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31208/2618-7353-2021-14-20-28","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. Development and justification of the calculation and analytical tool and adaptation of the methodology of its use to the laws of the development of individual branches of agricultural production and scientific interpretation of promising directions of their development. Materials and Methods. In the course of the work, econometric models were used, the main ones of which should be considered correlation and regression, including ridge regression, simulation and trend. The method of simulation modeling was supplemented by the method of expert assessments. Calculations of econometric models were carried out using the SPSS Statistics, Mathcad packages and the FAR-AREA 4.0 software tool. Results. Calculations using econometric models allowed us to develop and justify three author's scenarios for the development of sunflower production in the region: inertial, moderate and optimistic, in the context of the implementation of an export-oriented strategy in the agro-industrial complex for the period up to 2023. Conclusion. To implement the conditions of all three variants of the forecast of sunflower production, it is necessary to increase the use of elite seeds of domestic production and imported seeds in the structure of crops, as well as to ensure a positive dynamics of the introduction of plant protection products per 1 hectare of sown area, which in the future will contribute to the growth of crop yields. The forecast parameters of sunflower yield obtained by us in 2023 in the Rostov region for all three variants are realistic and correspond to the production conditions of the region.","PeriodicalId":7676,"journal":{"name":"Agrarian-And-Food Innovations","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85197422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-29DOI: 10.31208/2618-7353-2021-14-82-89
I. Gorlov, G. V. Fedotova, V. N. Sergeev
Aim. Assess and analyze the structure of agricultural production and the total amount of losses during its transportation, sale and processing. Materials and Methods. The scientific research was based on an assessment of the reported aggregated statistical data on the volume of agricultural production in Russia. Methods of graphic, statistical analysis, methods of analogy and comparison, genesis and synthesis of scientific knowledge were used in the work. Results. The gross volumes of agricultural production were calculated (280 million rubles), the volumes of products sold (8.25 trillion rubles) aimed at personal consumption were determined (81 million rubles), and the total losses of products in the process of their sale and consumption, and transportation to the final consumer were calculated (48 million tons). It was concluded that manufacturers today are actually aimed at exporting raw materials, without its subsequent processing and storage due to the lack of established logistics routes and the necessary capacities for its long-term storage. Recommendations were developed for the development of infrastructure for long-term storage and subsequent processing of agricultural products. Conclusion. Conclusions are drawn about the need to revise the existing system of logistics supplies and transportation of agricultural products from the field to the storage facility or producer. For the successful intensification of the existing process of internal processing of agricultural products, it is necessary to increase the storage and freezing capacities of raw materials.
{"title":"Problems of reducing loss of agricultural products","authors":"I. Gorlov, G. V. Fedotova, V. N. Sergeev","doi":"10.31208/2618-7353-2021-14-82-89","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31208/2618-7353-2021-14-82-89","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. Assess and analyze the structure of agricultural production and the total amount of losses during its transportation, sale and processing. Materials and Methods. The scientific research was based on an assessment of the reported aggregated statistical data on the volume of agricultural production in Russia. Methods of graphic, statistical analysis, methods of analogy and comparison, genesis and synthesis of scientific knowledge were used in the work. Results. The gross volumes of agricultural production were calculated (280 million rubles), the volumes of products sold (8.25 trillion rubles) aimed at personal consumption were determined (81 million rubles), and the total losses of products in the process of their sale and consumption, and transportation to the final consumer were calculated (48 million tons). It was concluded that manufacturers today are actually aimed at exporting raw materials, without its subsequent processing and storage due to the lack of established logistics routes and the necessary capacities for its long-term storage. Recommendations were developed for the development of infrastructure for long-term storage and subsequent processing of agricultural products. Conclusion. Conclusions are drawn about the need to revise the existing system of logistics supplies and transportation of agricultural products from the field to the storage facility or producer. For the successful intensification of the existing process of internal processing of agricultural products, it is necessary to increase the storage and freezing capacities of raw materials.","PeriodicalId":7676,"journal":{"name":"Agrarian-And-Food Innovations","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80096897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-29DOI: 10.31208/2618-7353-2021-14-89-99
Y. Matveichuk, D. Stanishevskii
Aim. Development of a complex of detergents (acidic, alkaline, enzymatic, chlorine-containing, surfactant-containing additives) for membrane units used in the dairy industry. Materials and Methods. Methods for controlling the concentration of active substances in concentrates of agents are given on the example of KATELON 202 - determination of total acidity by the method of acid-base potentiometric titration (in terms of HNO3) and KATELON 114 – determination of the mass fraction of active chlorine by redox titration. Results. A complex of detergents for membrane plants (ultrafiltration (UV, UF), microfiltration (MF, MF), nanofiltration (NF, NF), reverse osmosis (RO, RO)), used in the dairy industry and including alkaline non-foaming, medium-, low-foam products KATELON 109, KATELON 110, KATELON 115; alkaline chlorine-containing non-foamy agent KATELON 114; acid non-foamy KATELON 202, KATELON 207, KATELON 208; high-foam neutral additives KATELON 308 and KATELON 309 – enhancers of the washing effect for KATELON 109, KATELON 110, KATELON 115; preservative non-foaming additive KATELON 310 for protection from microbiological contamination; enzyme medium supplement KATELON 601. The composition of all products, their brief characteristics and physicochemical indicators, as well as an approximate program of washing with a complex of developed preparations are given. The dependences of pH and electrical conductivity were obtained for KATELON 109, KATELON 110, KATELON 115, KATELON 202, KATELON 207, KATELON 208. Conclusion. The complex of detergents is successfully used at Kopylsky Butter Cheese Plant, Lyubansky Cheese Making Plant, Minsk Dairy Plant No. 1, Verkhnedvinsky Butter and Cheese Plant, Molodechno Dairy Plant, Volozhin production site of Minsk Dairy Plant No. 1, Tolochin Branch of Lepel Dairy Canning Plant.
{"title":"Development of a complex of detergents for membrane units in the dairy industry","authors":"Y. Matveichuk, D. Stanishevskii","doi":"10.31208/2618-7353-2021-14-89-99","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31208/2618-7353-2021-14-89-99","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. Development of a complex of detergents (acidic, alkaline, enzymatic, chlorine-containing, surfactant-containing additives) for membrane units used in the dairy industry. Materials and Methods. Methods for controlling the concentration of active substances in concentrates of agents are given on the example of KATELON 202 - determination of total acidity by the method of acid-base potentiometric titration (in terms of HNO3) and KATELON 114 – determination of the mass fraction of active chlorine by redox titration. Results. A complex of detergents for membrane plants (ultrafiltration (UV, UF), microfiltration (MF, MF), nanofiltration (NF, NF), reverse osmosis (RO, RO)), used in the dairy industry and including alkaline non-foaming, medium-, low-foam products KATELON 109, KATELON 110, KATELON 115; alkaline chlorine-containing non-foamy agent KATELON 114; acid non-foamy KATELON 202, KATELON 207, KATELON 208; high-foam neutral additives KATELON 308 and KATELON 309 – enhancers of the washing effect for KATELON 109, KATELON 110, KATELON 115; preservative non-foaming additive KATELON 310 for protection from microbiological contamination; enzyme medium supplement KATELON 601. The composition of all products, their brief characteristics and physicochemical indicators, as well as an approximate program of washing with a complex of developed preparations are given. The dependences of pH and electrical conductivity were obtained for KATELON 109, KATELON 110, KATELON 115, KATELON 202, KATELON 207, KATELON 208. Conclusion. The complex of detergents is successfully used at Kopylsky Butter Cheese Plant, Lyubansky Cheese Making Plant, Minsk Dairy Plant No. 1, Verkhnedvinsky Butter and Cheese Plant, Molodechno Dairy Plant, Volozhin production site of Minsk Dairy Plant No. 1, Tolochin Branch of Lepel Dairy Canning Plant.","PeriodicalId":7676,"journal":{"name":"Agrarian-And-Food Innovations","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90718354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-29DOI: 10.31208/2618-7353-2021-14-59-67
B. Ubushaev, A. Natyrov, B. Salaev, N. Moroz, D. Kugultinova
Aim. The effectiveness of the use of the mineral feed additive bischofit in the diets of young sheep in the South of Russia at various doses and its impact on the productive qualities of young sheep. Materials and Methods. The material for conducting the experiment in this household was the livestock of sheep of the Grozny breed on fattening. The sheep of the control group received a basic household diet, the I experimental group received 5 ml of bischofite per head per day in addition to the main diet, the II experimental group received 8 ml of feed additive. Classical zootechnical methods were used in the process of work, including wool yield and physical and technological properties were studied individually in 3 experimental animals from each group according to the VNIIOK method. The research materials were processed by the methods of variation statistics using the Microsoft Office software package. Results. Young sheep from the I experimental group, who received bischofite at 5 ml / head per day, were 9.4% more in live weight than in the control group. Young sheep that received 5 ml of feed additive had the best meat index, and exceeded the control group in terms of pulp yield by 12.5%. The maximum deviation from the average value of the cut of pure wool in the upward direction (110.6%) was observed in I experimental group. The most durable wool of 7.24 sN / tex is found in the group that received the bischofit feed additive as part of the main diet. Conclusion. To compensate for the lack of mineral substances of the natural and environmentally safe feed additive bischofit at a dose of 5 ml / head per day, it changes the metabolic reactions in the body in a positive way, which is confirmed by an increase in the growth of live weight and wool productivity.
的目标。矿质饲料添加剂bischofit在俄罗斯南部幼羊日粮中不同剂量使用的有效性及其对幼羊生产品质的影响。材料与方法。在这个家庭中进行实验的材料是格罗兹尼品种的育肥羊的牲畜。对照组饲喂基本家庭饲粮，I试验组在主饲粮基础上，每头羊每天添加5 ml硬石，II试验组添加8 ml饲料添加剂。工作过程中采用经典动物技术方法，按VNIIOK方法对每组3只实验动物分别进行产毛量和物理工艺性能的研究。利用Microsoft Office软件包对研究资料进行变异统计处理。结果。试验组雏羊的活重比对照组高9.4%，试验剂量为5 ml /头/天。饲粮添加量为5 ml的羔羊肉质指数最好，肉浆产量比对照组高出12.5%。1试验组与纯羊毛向上切割的平均值偏差最大(110.6%)。饲粮中添加bischofit饲料添加剂的组羊毛耐久度最高，为7.24 sN / tex。结论。为弥补天然环保饲料添加剂bischofit中矿物质的不足，每天5ml /头剂量的bischofit对体内代谢反应产生了积极的影响，这一点在活重和羊毛产量的增长中得到了证实。
{"title":"The effectiveness of the use of natural mineral feed additives in the cultivation of young sheep","authors":"B. Ubushaev, A. Natyrov, B. Salaev, N. Moroz, D. Kugultinova","doi":"10.31208/2618-7353-2021-14-59-67","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31208/2618-7353-2021-14-59-67","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. The effectiveness of the use of the mineral feed additive bischofit in the diets of young sheep in the South of Russia at various doses and its impact on the productive qualities of young sheep. Materials and Methods. The material for conducting the experiment in this household was the livestock of sheep of the Grozny breed on fattening. The sheep of the control group received a basic household diet, the I experimental group received 5 ml of bischofite per head per day in addition to the main diet, the II experimental group received 8 ml of feed additive. Classical zootechnical methods were used in the process of work, including wool yield and physical and technological properties were studied individually in 3 experimental animals from each group according to the VNIIOK method. The research materials were processed by the methods of variation statistics using the Microsoft Office software package. Results. Young sheep from the I experimental group, who received bischofite at 5 ml / head per day, were 9.4% more in live weight than in the control group. Young sheep that received 5 ml of feed additive had the best meat index, and exceeded the control group in terms of pulp yield by 12.5%. The maximum deviation from the average value of the cut of pure wool in the upward direction (110.6%) was observed in I experimental group. The most durable wool of 7.24 sN / tex is found in the group that received the bischofit feed additive as part of the main diet. Conclusion. To compensate for the lack of mineral substances of the natural and environmentally safe feed additive bischofit at a dose of 5 ml / head per day, it changes the metabolic reactions in the body in a positive way, which is confirmed by an increase in the growth of live weight and wool productivity.","PeriodicalId":7676,"journal":{"name":"Agrarian-And-Food Innovations","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88478468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-29DOI: 10.31208/2618-7353-2021-14-68-82
V. Radchikov, V. Tzai, S.N. Razumovskiy, I. Gorlov, M. Slozhenkina
Aim. Development of KR-1 concentrate compound feed compositions with the inclusion of malt sprouts, determination of the optimal rates for the introduction of malt sprouts into the compound feed for calves aged 10-75 days. Materials and Methods. In the course of the study, zootechnical, biochemical and mathematical methods of analysis were used. The obtained digital material was processed by the method of variation statistics, taking into account the Student's t-test, using the Microsoft Excel software package. Results. On the basis of the control feedings carried out for the period of the experiment, the actual diet of calves was established, which consisted of 64-67% milk and 24-25% of the starter compound feed. The rest of the ration consisted of corn and oats, cereal-legume hay and forb haylage. In terms of nutritional value and metabolic energy content, the differences between the groups were minimal from 2.27 feed. Units and 21 mj in 1 control up to 2.3 feed. Units and 21.7 mj in 2 experimental. The results of groups 3 and 4 were within the ranges listed above. The difference in the consumption of dry matter is slightly greater, so in the control group – 1396 g, in the experimental group it is 5.6-6.9% more. The higher consumption of compound feed by the experimental animals also contributed to the higher level of protein in the diet of 322-324 g versus 306 g in the control. As a result of feeding various mixed fodders, it was found that the sugar-protein ratio was 1.04 in the control, in the experimental ones it was at the level of 0.98-1.0, the energy-protein ratio was 0.3, the gross energy of the diet was 28.4 mj in the control. Experienced 29.9-30.2 mj, the coefficient of energy use to maintain 0.8, the ratio of calcium to phosphorus in all diets was 1.24-1.27 Conclusion. The highest productivity was noted in calves of the 2nd experimental group containing 5% malt sprouts in the compound feed, which amounted to an average of 806 g per head per day for 65 days of the experiment. Increase in the concentration of malt sprouts in compound feed by 5 and 10 pp. reduced live weight gain by 1.4 and 7.5%, respectively. Given that the 5% level in compound feed allowed an increase in growth by 9.3%. This influence, both positive in the 2nd experimental group, and negative in the 3rd and 4th groups, was also reflected in the feed costs for obtaining an increase, decreasing them by 7.3% and increasing by 2.3 and 8.5%, respectively. As a result, the expenditures of metabolic energy per 1 kg of gain in the control group were lower than in 3 and 4 experimental groups, the same tendency persisted in the consumption of crude protein for gain. More detailed indicators of the energy efficiency of the fed rations showed that the energy gain was 8.05 MJ in the 2 experimental group, which was fed with compound feed with 5% malt sprouts, the second result was a control of 7.1 MJ, and the 3 and 4 experimental groups were 1.5 and 9 , 2% were lower, respectively.
{"title":"Application of malt sprouts in combine feeds KR-1 when feeding young cattle","authors":"V. Radchikov, V. Tzai, S.N. Razumovskiy, I. Gorlov, M. Slozhenkina","doi":"10.31208/2618-7353-2021-14-68-82","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31208/2618-7353-2021-14-68-82","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. Development of KR-1 concentrate compound feed compositions with the inclusion of malt sprouts, determination of the optimal rates for the introduction of malt sprouts into the compound feed for calves aged 10-75 days. Materials and Methods. In the course of the study, zootechnical, biochemical and mathematical methods of analysis were used. The obtained digital material was processed by the method of variation statistics, taking into account the Student's t-test, using the Microsoft Excel software package. Results. On the basis of the control feedings carried out for the period of the experiment, the actual diet of calves was established, which consisted of 64-67% milk and 24-25% of the starter compound feed. The rest of the ration consisted of corn and oats, cereal-legume hay and forb haylage. In terms of nutritional value and metabolic energy content, the differences between the groups were minimal from 2.27 feed. Units and 21 mj in 1 control up to 2.3 feed. Units and 21.7 mj in 2 experimental. The results of groups 3 and 4 were within the ranges listed above. The difference in the consumption of dry matter is slightly greater, so in the control group – 1396 g, in the experimental group it is 5.6-6.9% more. The higher consumption of compound feed by the experimental animals also contributed to the higher level of protein in the diet of 322-324 g versus 306 g in the control. As a result of feeding various mixed fodders, it was found that the sugar-protein ratio was 1.04 in the control, in the experimental ones it was at the level of 0.98-1.0, the energy-protein ratio was 0.3, the gross energy of the diet was 28.4 mj in the control. Experienced 29.9-30.2 mj, the coefficient of energy use to maintain 0.8, the ratio of calcium to phosphorus in all diets was 1.24-1.27 Conclusion. The highest productivity was noted in calves of the 2nd experimental group containing 5% malt sprouts in the compound feed, which amounted to an average of 806 g per head per day for 65 days of the experiment. Increase in the concentration of malt sprouts in compound feed by 5 and 10 pp. reduced live weight gain by 1.4 and 7.5%, respectively. Given that the 5% level in compound feed allowed an increase in growth by 9.3%. This influence, both positive in the 2nd experimental group, and negative in the 3rd and 4th groups, was also reflected in the feed costs for obtaining an increase, decreasing them by 7.3% and increasing by 2.3 and 8.5%, respectively. As a result, the expenditures of metabolic energy per 1 kg of gain in the control group were lower than in 3 and 4 experimental groups, the same tendency persisted in the consumption of crude protein for gain. More detailed indicators of the energy efficiency of the fed rations showed that the energy gain was 8.05 MJ in the 2 experimental group, which was fed with compound feed with 5% malt sprouts, the second result was a control of 7.1 MJ, and the 3 and 4 experimental groups were 1.5 and 9 , 2% were lower, respectively.","PeriodicalId":7676,"journal":{"name":"Agrarian-And-Food Innovations","volume":"138 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77533870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-29DOI: 10.31208/2618-7353-2021-14-43-51
A. Natyrov, M. Dyusegaliev, N. Moroz, B. Bolaev
Aim. The study of the breed and productive qualities of Kalmyk Bactrian camels in the Kirovsky Research Center of the Republic of Kalmykia. Materials and Methods. The main studies were carried out on producing servicing borax and camelomatki. Camels were kept, year-round feeding with concentrated feeds was carried out on the pasture in winter, the young animals were also fed. The analysis of zootechnical accounting was carried out using the materials of the annual appraisal of breeding animals of the Kalmyk Bactrian breed. Comparison of servicing borax and camelomatki of the Kalmyk breed was carried out taking into account a visual assessment, taking measurements according to the existing classical zootechnical methods. The assessment of the growth rate of animals was carried out on the basis of indicators of live weight. Wool productivity is determined by the haircut. Results. Based on the conducted studies, it was revealed that the number of Kalmyk Bactrian camels currently in the Kirovsky Autonomous Area of the Republic of Kalmykia is 380 heads, including 290 heads of camels. The analysis of structural changes in the herd and class composition showed that according to the class composition, the specific weight of elite class camels was 62.3%, class I – 37.7%. The hair cut ranges from 3800 g to 6500 g in males and from 3600 to 6200 g in females. Conclusion. Based on the presented results, it can be concluded that the entire herd of camels of the Kalmyk breed of the NAO PZ “Kirovsky” is purebred. The study of the class composition of the herd indicates the high breeding qualities of the bred camels. The data of wool productivity indicate a high quality and quantity of wool.
{"title":"Breed and productive qualities of camels Kamytsky Bactrian in the non-public joint-stock company breeding plant «Kirovsky» of the Yashkulsky district of the Republic of Kalmykia","authors":"A. Natyrov, M. Dyusegaliev, N. Moroz, B. Bolaev","doi":"10.31208/2618-7353-2021-14-43-51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31208/2618-7353-2021-14-43-51","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. The study of the breed and productive qualities of Kalmyk Bactrian camels in the Kirovsky Research Center of the Republic of Kalmykia. Materials and Methods. The main studies were carried out on producing servicing borax and camelomatki. Camels were kept, year-round feeding with concentrated feeds was carried out on the pasture in winter, the young animals were also fed. The analysis of zootechnical accounting was carried out using the materials of the annual appraisal of breeding animals of the Kalmyk Bactrian breed. Comparison of servicing borax and camelomatki of the Kalmyk breed was carried out taking into account a visual assessment, taking measurements according to the existing classical zootechnical methods. The assessment of the growth rate of animals was carried out on the basis of indicators of live weight. Wool productivity is determined by the haircut. Results. Based on the conducted studies, it was revealed that the number of Kalmyk Bactrian camels currently in the Kirovsky Autonomous Area of the Republic of Kalmykia is 380 heads, including 290 heads of camels. The analysis of structural changes in the herd and class composition showed that according to the class composition, the specific weight of elite class camels was 62.3%, class I – 37.7%. The hair cut ranges from 3800 g to 6500 g in males and from 3600 to 6200 g in females. Conclusion. Based on the presented results, it can be concluded that the entire herd of camels of the Kalmyk breed of the NAO PZ “Kirovsky” is purebred. The study of the class composition of the herd indicates the high breeding qualities of the bred camels. The data of wool productivity indicate a high quality and quantity of wool.","PeriodicalId":7676,"journal":{"name":"Agrarian-And-Food Innovations","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83190089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-29DOI: 10.31208/2618-7353-2021-14-7-20
A. Khramtsov
Aim. Consideration of the membrane technology process – reverse osmosis – by directed and controlled processing of whey and its filtrates through special semipermeable partitions (filter membranes) with a pore size from 0.1 to 1.0 nm, carried out at a pressure of 3.0 - 10.0 MPa with the release of particles (cutting off) with a molecular weight of 100 Daltons. Reverse osmosis allows you to concentrate all the compounds of whey and filtrates, separating almost distilled water (condensate). Discussion. In the molecular sieve separation system, reverse osmosis logically continues the membrane treatment of filtrates (permeates) of native, as well as separated whey and their microfiltrates, ultrafiltrates, nanofiltrates and diafiltrates. In principle, the reverse osmosis process should be implemented to pre-concentrate the whey, which will eliminate its loss (draining) and expand the range of use. OO is promising for processing salted whey with the removal of unwanted sodium chloride, as well as for cleaning the condensate of evaporation plants from the components of dairy raw materials that come with foam and secondary steam. Conclusion. In general, for the dairy industry of the food industry of the agro-industrial complex, reverse osmotic treatment is necessary for the implementation of a closed production cycle with a recycled water supply.
{"title":"Technological breakthrough of the agrarian-and-food innovations in dairy case for example of universal agricultural raw materials. Reverse osmosis","authors":"A. Khramtsov","doi":"10.31208/2618-7353-2021-14-7-20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31208/2618-7353-2021-14-7-20","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. Consideration of the membrane technology process – reverse osmosis – by directed and controlled processing of whey and its filtrates through special semipermeable partitions (filter membranes) with a pore size from 0.1 to 1.0 nm, carried out at a pressure of 3.0 - 10.0 MPa with the release of particles (cutting off) with a molecular weight of 100 Daltons. Reverse osmosis allows you to concentrate all the compounds of whey and filtrates, separating almost distilled water (condensate). Discussion. In the molecular sieve separation system, reverse osmosis logically continues the membrane treatment of filtrates (permeates) of native, as well as separated whey and their microfiltrates, ultrafiltrates, nanofiltrates and diafiltrates. In principle, the reverse osmosis process should be implemented to pre-concentrate the whey, which will eliminate its loss (draining) and expand the range of use. OO is promising for processing salted whey with the removal of unwanted sodium chloride, as well as for cleaning the condensate of evaporation plants from the components of dairy raw materials that come with foam and secondary steam. Conclusion. In general, for the dairy industry of the food industry of the agro-industrial complex, reverse osmotic treatment is necessary for the implementation of a closed production cycle with a recycled water supply.","PeriodicalId":7676,"journal":{"name":"Agrarian-And-Food Innovations","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89457203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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