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Local food-global labour: contradictions and tensions between farmers and migrant farmworkers and possibilities for solidarity in Canada 本地食品-全球劳动力:加拿大农民和移民农场工人之间的矛盾和紧张关系以及团结的可能性
IF 3.6 2区 社会学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2025-09-22 DOI: 10.1007/s10460-025-10787-0
Martha Jane Robbins

The logic of the corporate food regime requires a system of labour based on migration. Free trade agreements have entrenched a drive for ever-expanding export agriculture and resulted in both a devastation of peasant agriculture, creating migrant workers, and an increased need for temporary labour on Canadian farms. Family farmers in Canada face labour challenges exacerbated by the current food regime and, for some, the Seasonal Agricultural Worker Program (SAWP) is seen as an answer to those challenges. However, the SAWP is based on systemic exploitation of migrant workers. This paper seeks to assess the role of migrant labour in Canadian food systems and reveal the contradictions, tensions, and possibilities of farmers acting in solidarity with migrant farmworkers by exploring the formation and political direction of the National Farmers Union’s Migrant Worker Solidarity Working Group (MWSWG).

企业食品制度的逻辑需要一个基于移民的劳动力体系。自由贸易协定巩固了不断扩大出口农业的动力,导致了农民农业的破坏,创造了移民工人,并增加了加拿大农场对临时劳动力的需求。加拿大的家庭农民面临着当前粮食制度加剧的劳动力挑战,对一些人来说,季节性农业工人计划(SAWP)被视为应对这些挑战的答案。然而,sap是建立在对移徙工人的系统性剥削的基础上的。本文旨在评估移民劳工在加拿大粮食系统中的作用,并通过探索全国农民联盟移民工人团结工作组(MWSWG)的形成和政治方向,揭示农民与移民农场工人团结一致的矛盾、紧张和可能性。
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引用次数: 0
Gerardo Otero and Efe Can Gürcan: Collective empowerment in Latin America: indigenous peasant movements and political transformation Gerardo Otero和Efe Can gg<e:1> rcan:拉丁美洲的集体赋权:土著农民运动和政治转型
IF 3.6 2区 社会学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2025-09-11 DOI: 10.1007/s10460-025-10785-2
Douglas H. Constance
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引用次数: 0
What is the “small farm”? Terminological incoherence in the literature and possible paths forward 什么是“小农场”?文献中的术语不连贯及其可能的发展路径
IF 3.6 2区 社会学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2025-09-11 DOI: 10.1007/s10460-025-10784-3
Evan Hazelett

The “small farm” is regarded by numerous agrifood scholars and practitioners alike as an antidote to everything unjust and deleterious about modern food and agricultural systems, central to agroecological transitions, sustainable food futures, land and social justice, and food sovereignty. Despite its prominence in movement and academic discourse and debates on these subjects, however, this key character is textured with considerable murkiness given the wide and conflicting array of farm sizes, scales, practices, and socioecological relations of production it is mobilized to represent. The goal of this paper, then, is threefold: to articulate and analyze how the term “small farm” is defined (or not), deployed, and contextualized across a sample of recent articles in major agrifood and agrarian studies journals, to discuss the implications of its inconsistent usage, and to offer reflections for improved clarity. I find that “small farm” is rarely defined, when it is defined a justification is poor or lacking, and its purported qualities and characteristics are myriad and contradictory. As both chaotic and inconsistent, the term suffers from far less empirical and theoretical utility than its high mobility otherwise suggests, problematizing its centrality in normative debates about agrifood transformations. While it is not the goal of the current paper to resolve whether “small is good”, I engage that debate closely when calling for greater definitional specificity and consideration of size and scale as relative and relational, ideas that, I hope, suggest discursive and conceptual paths out of this morass.

许多农业食品学者和实践者都认为,“小农场”是解决现代粮食和农业系统中一切不公正和有害问题的解药,是农业生态转型、可持续粮食未来、土地和社会正义以及粮食主权的核心。然而,尽管它在这些主题的运动和学术话语和辩论中占有突出地位,但考虑到它被动员来代表的农场规模、规模、实践和生产的社会生态关系的广泛和相互冲突的一系列,这一关键特征带有相当大的模糊性。因此,本文的目标有三个:阐明和分析“小农场”一词是如何定义(或不定义)、如何部署的,以及如何在主要农业食品和农业研究期刊上的最新文章样本中进行背景化,讨论其不一致用法的含义,并为提高清晰度提供反思。我发现“小农场”很少被定义,当它被定义时,理由很差或缺乏,它所声称的品质和特征是无数的和矛盾的。由于混乱和不一致,该术语的经验和理论效用远不如其高流动性所暗示的那样,这使其在关于农业食品转型的规范性辩论中的中心地位受到质疑。虽然当前论文的目标不是解决“小就是好”,但我在呼吁更大的定义特异性和考虑大小和规模是相对的和相关的时,密切参与了这一辩论,我希望这些想法能提出走出这一困境的话语和概念路径。
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引用次数: 0
Finding our way through the fog: embedding social infrastructure in food system resilience 在迷雾中寻找出路:将社会基础设施纳入粮食系统复原力
IF 3.6 2区 社会学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2025-09-02 DOI: 10.1007/s10460-025-10786-1
Shoshanah Inwood, Jill K. Clark, Aiden Irish, Zoë Plakias, Mary K. Hendrickson, Josh D. Vittie, Bill McKelvey

In this commentary we focus on the significance of social infrastructure for food system resilience by drawing on the insights and experiences from our positions as emergency management practitioners and land-grant university social science food system researchers working with emergency management agencies, food system and food security organizations. During the height of the COVID-19 pandemic and in the years since, as a group we have worked in a shared learning model to research and reflect on the lessons we can take from COVID-19 to create more resilient food systems that are better prepared for future shocks, disruptions, emergencies, and disasters. As applied scholars and practitioners, our first goal in this commentary is to synthesize the emergency management and disaster (EMD) and food system literatures with our research examining the on-the-ground experiences shared by emergency management and food security practitioners in Ohio tasked with responding to the COVID-19-induced food systems crisis. Our second goal is to demonstrate the often overlooked, undervalued, and underinvested core role institutional and group social connections and relationships play in effective responses to acute and chronic emergencies and disasters, and how this social infrastructure is the bedrock on which efforts to strengthen food system resilience depend. Finally, we lay out a path forward and articulate the need to value the role of EMD and social infrastructure in food systems resilience funding and public policy priorities.

在这篇评论中,我们通过借鉴我们作为应急管理从业者和赠地大学社会科学食品系统研究人员与应急管理机构、粮食系统和粮食安全组织合作的见解和经验,重点关注社会基础设施对粮食系统恢复力的重要性。在2019冠状病毒病大流行最严重期间和之后的几年里,我们作为一个整体,采用共享学习模式,研究和反思我们可以从2019冠状病毒病中吸取的教训,以建立更具抵御力的粮食系统,为未来的冲击、中断、紧急情况和灾害做好更充分的准备。作为应用学者和实践者,我们在这篇评论中的第一个目标是将应急管理和灾害(EMD)和粮食系统文献与我们的研究结合起来,研究俄亥俄州负责应对covid -19引发的粮食系统危机的应急管理和粮食安全从业人员分享的实地经验。我们的第二个目标是展示机构和群体社会联系和关系在有效应对急性和慢性紧急情况和灾害方面经常被忽视、低估和投资不足的核心作用,以及这种社会基础设施如何成为加强粮食系统抗灾能力的基础。最后,我们提出了前进的道路,并阐明了重视EMD和社会基础设施在粮食系统抗灾筹资和公共政策优先事项中的作用的必要性。
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引用次数: 0
Climate protection or agricultural production site? How political actors frame the future use of German peatlands 气候保护还是农业生产基地?政治角色如何规划德国泥炭地的未来用途
IF 3.6 2区 社会学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2025-08-28 DOI: 10.1007/s10460-025-10776-3
Cora Petrick, Wiebke Nowack, Harald Grethe

Drained peatlands are a major source of agricultural greenhouse gas emissions in Germany. To eliminate a large proportion of these emissions, they need to be rewetted, which requires substantial change in land use. Respective plans are causing conflict between stakeholders and are subject of a political debate. This article analyses frames in the debate on the future use of currently drained peatlands in Germany by studying public textual communications from political stakeholders between 2019 and 2022. Three frames are identified: (1) an environmental frame, emphasising environmental protection, which is most commonly used by environmental interest groups, the government and in party communication; (2) an entrepreneurial frame, portraying farmers as change makers, which is mainly used by a landscape management association, but also in government communication; (3) a socio-economic threat frame, which perceives farmers as threatened by peatland rewetting policies, and which is mainly present in farmers’ associations. All actors recognise peatland rewetting as an effective climate change mitigation measure. Most actors also agree that land users have a role to play in the process of reducing emissions from agricultural peatlands. While the environmental and socio-economic threat frames assign land users a rather passive role in the land-use change process, the entrepreneurial frame portrays land users as agents of change. We conclude that politicians, policy makers and other stakeholders may benefit from strengthening and refining an entrepreneurial frame. Such a frame would consider the opportunities and challenges of future peatland uses and facilitate land user agency, reconciling economic and environmental objectives.

排干的泥炭地是德国农业温室气体排放的主要来源。为了消除这些排放的很大一部分,它们需要重新湿润,这需要在土地使用方面做出重大改变。各自的计划正在引起利益相关者之间的冲突,并成为政治辩论的主题。本文通过研究2019年至2022年间政治利益相关者的公共文本交流,分析了关于德国目前排水泥炭地未来利用的辩论框架。确定了三种框架:(1)环境框架,强调环境保护,这是环境利益集团、政府和政党沟通中最常用的框架;(2)企业家框架,将农民描绘成变革者,主要用于景观管理协会,也用于政府沟通;(3)社会经济威胁框架,认为农民受到泥炭地再湿润政策的威胁,主要存在于农民协会中。所有行为体都认识到泥炭地再湿润是一项有效的减缓气候变化措施。大多数行动者也同意,土地使用者在减少农业泥炭地排放的过程中可以发挥作用。虽然环境和社会经济威胁框架赋予土地使用者在土地使用变化过程中相当被动的作用,但企业框架将土地使用者描绘成变革的推动者。我们的结论是,政治家、政策制定者和其他利益相关者可能会从加强和完善创业框架中受益。这样一个框架将考虑到未来泥炭地使用的机会和挑战,并促进土地使用者机构,协调经济和环境目标。
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引用次数: 0
“We need them to keep putting food on our tables”: critiquing legislative discourses of food insecurity in Alberta, Canada “我们需要他们继续为我们的餐桌提供食物”:批评加拿大阿尔伯塔省粮食不安全的立法话语
IF 3.6 2区 社会学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2025-08-28 DOI: 10.1007/s10460-025-10782-5
Matt Ormandy, Janat Ibrahimi, Mary Beckie, Alexa Ferdinands

Food insecurity is a pressing public health issue in Canada, with Alberta exhibiting higher rates than most other provinces. Financial constraints are widely recognized as the primary driver for households. Political discourses also shape how food security is addressed within the province. Using Hansard records, we conducted a critical discourse analysis of legislative debates on food insecurity in Alberta, Canada, from 2019 to 2023. We identified four hegemonic discourses: agricultural mythmaking and settler colonial origins, economic development as a solution to food insecurity, food insecurity as an individual’s responsibility, and food banks as an acute solution to food insecurity. We also examined the policy implications of these discourses, particularly as they relate to the deserving versus undeserving poor. We conclude by discussing discourses that were absent in the records, including a recognition of food justice frameworks. Our findings highlight the limitations of Alberta’s current legislative debate and suggest the need for structural, equity-focused solutions that address the root causes of food insecurity. This paper contributes to a growing literature analyzing policy and practice related to food insecurity alleviation across Canada.

在加拿大,粮食不安全是一个紧迫的公共卫生问题,阿尔伯塔省的粮食不安全率高于其他大多数省份。人们普遍认为,财务约束是家庭的主要驱动因素。政治话语也影响着该省如何解决粮食安全问题。我们利用议事记录,对2019年至2023年加拿大阿尔伯塔省关于粮食不安全的立法辩论进行了批判性话语分析。我们确定了四种霸权话语:农业神话制造和定居者殖民起源,经济发展作为粮食不安全的解决方案,粮食不安全作为个人的责任,以及粮食银行作为粮食不安全的尖锐解决方案。我们还研究了这些话语的政策含义,特别是当它们与应得与不应得的穷人有关时。最后,我们讨论了记录中缺失的话语,包括对粮食司法框架的认可。我们的研究结果突出了艾伯塔省目前立法辩论的局限性,并建议需要结构性的、以公平为重点的解决方案,以解决粮食不安全的根本原因。本文有助于越来越多的文献分析政策和实践相关的粮食不安全缓解在加拿大。
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引用次数: 0
“More than bees and flowers”: understanding public perceptions of biodiversity in the context of food production and consumption “不仅仅是蜜蜂和花朵”:了解公众在粮食生产和消费背景下对生物多样性的看法
IF 3.6 2区 社会学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2025-08-28 DOI: 10.1007/s10460-025-10779-0
Julia Q. Shen, Jonas House, Jasper R. de Vries, P. Marijn Poortvliet

Biodiversity, crucial for resilient agri-food systems, is declining at an unprecedented rate, largely driven by agricultural practices. In response, scientists and policymakers have called for a transition towards biodiversity-enhancing food systems, emphasizing the need for a systemic change that includes the consumer. However, as the term biodiversity is relatively new and complex, there have been worries whether broader publics understand and value biodiversity enough to support conservation practices or alter their consumption. By using associations as a means to access broader mental representations, the study explores how people make sense of the term biodiversity. Participants of a survey (N = 1971) on biodiverse food production and consumption in the Netherlands were asked to list 5–7 associations they had with biodiversity. Thematic content analysis was performed on the associations elicited, and themes were further validated with focus group discussions (N = 24) on biodiversity. The associations elicited revealed that participants mostly associate biodiversity with species diversity, with a focus on animals and plants. Many viewed biodiversity as valuable for ensuring a quality of nature and life, but some expressed scepticism or negative connotations, considering biodiversity a “hype” or questioning biodiversity loss. Lastly, associations showed that the relation between agricultural practices and biodiversity was understood both in terms of the negative consequences agriculture could have on biodiversity, as well as how it could contribute to enhancing biodiversity. Next to providing more deliberative and diverse perspectives on biodiversity and conservation, such insights could be essential for identifying how the public could be more engaged in the transition towards biodiversity-enhancing food systems.

生物多样性对具有抵御力的农业粮食系统至关重要,但它正在以前所未有的速度下降,这在很大程度上是由农业实践造成的。作为回应,科学家和政策制定者呼吁向增强生物多样性的粮食系统过渡,强调需要进行包括消费者在内的系统性变革。然而,由于生物多样性是一个相对较新的和复杂的术语,人们一直担心更广泛的公众是否理解和重视生物多样性,以支持保护实践或改变他们的消费。通过使用联想作为获取更广泛的心理表征的手段,该研究探索了人们如何理解生物多样性这一术语。一项关于荷兰生物多样性食品生产和消费的调查(N = 1971)要求参与者列出他们与生物多样性之间的5-7种联系。对引起的关联进行主题内容分析,并通过关于生物多样性的焦点小组讨论(N = 24)进一步验证主题。结果显示,参与者大多将生物多样性与物种多样性联系在一起,并将重点放在动物和植物上。许多人认为生物多样性对于确保自然和生活质量是有价值的,但是一些人表达了怀疑或负面的含义,认为生物多样性是一种“炒作”或质疑生物多样性的丧失。最后,关联表明,农业实践与生物多样性之间的关系在农业可能对生物多样性产生的负面影响以及农业如何有助于增强生物多样性方面都得到了理解。除了提供关于生物多样性和保护的更审慎和更多样化的观点之外,这些见解对于确定公众如何更多地参与向增强生物多样性的粮食系统过渡可能至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
Co-designing policy mixes to overcome lock-ins towards sustainable agri-food systems: the case of the pig sector transformation in Brandenburg, Germany 共同设计政策组合以克服对可持续农业食品系统的锁定:以德国勃兰登堡的养猪业转型为例
IF 3.6 2区 社会学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2025-08-27 DOI: 10.1007/s10460-025-10775-4
Pascal Grohmann, Diane Kapgen, Peter H. Feindt

Making agri-food systems in Europe more sustainable often requires systemic change. Transformative rather than incremental change is difficult if agri-food systems are locked into unsustainable practices by a range of institutional, cultural, social and financial factors that create mutually reinforcing barriers to change. Institutionalised public policies tend to further stabilise the established system through multiple feedback effects, bolstering unsustainable path dependencies. Co-design has been discussed as an innovative approach to developing operational options in agri-food systems. However, co-design methods have rarely been applied to develop policy options. This paper presents the experiences with a policy co-design process for the envisioned sustainability transformation of conventional pork production in Brandenburg, Germany. Combining an agri-food system perspective with the policy co-design literature, we developed (1) a process template for a participatory policy co-design process to overcome barriers and lock-ins along the three levels of policy mixes: objectives, instruments and calibration; and (2) a conceptual framework for the systematic analysis of this process and its output. The successful implementation of the policy co-creation process in the case study constitutes a proof of concept. An unexpected limitation was that full specification of instrument calibrations was not realistic. In policy processes, this is typically part of hard negotiation processes. The systematic analysis of the participatory development of policy options along the three levels of policy mixes confirms and refines the possible role of co-design approaches for public policies in the transformation of agri-food systems.

要使欧洲的农业食品体系更具可持续性,往往需要系统性的变革。如果农业粮食系统被一系列体制、文化、社会和财政因素束缚在不可持续的做法中,而这些因素对变革构成了相互加强的障碍,那么变革而不是渐进式变革就很难实现。制度化的公共政策往往会通过多重反馈效应进一步稳定既定体系,从而加强不可持续的路径依赖。共同设计作为在农业食品系统中发展业务选择的一种创新方法进行了讨论。然而,协同设计方法很少应用于制定政策方案。本文介绍了德国勃兰登堡传统猪肉生产可持续性转型的政策共同设计过程的经验。将农业食品系统视角与政策协同设计文献相结合,我们开发了(1)参与式政策协同设计过程的流程模板,以克服政策组合三个层面的障碍和锁定:目标、工具和校准;(2)对这一过程及其产出进行系统分析的概念框架。在案例研究中,政策共同创造过程的成功实施构成了概念的证明。一个意想不到的限制是仪器校准的完整规范是不现实的。在政策过程中,这通常是艰难谈判过程的一部分。在三个政策混合层次上对政策选择的参与性发展进行了系统分析,确认并完善了共同设计方法在农业粮食系统转型中的公共政策可能发挥的作用。
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引用次数: 0
From awareness to action: building a community of practice for equity in food systems education 从认识到行动:建立粮食系统教育公平实践社区
IF 3.6 2区 社会学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2025-08-19 DOI: 10.1007/s10460-025-10773-6
Jiyea Park, Folasade Olaoye, Kimberly M. Jackson, Whitney Barr, Jennifer Jo Thompson

In the United States, food system inequities are the result of generations of systematic disparities in social, political, and economic opportunity and are disproportionately borne by Black, Indigenous, and People of Color. The Food Scholars Project aims to expand equity in food systems education and leadership by building a resilient cross-institutional partnership between faculty and students at the University of Georgia (UGA, a predominantly White Land-Grant Institution) and Spelman College (an historically Black college). This embedded case study examines critical reflections collected with 28 UGA faculty, staff, and graduate students who participated in one or more multi-day professional development workshops focused on supporting critical praxis in mentoring and pedagogy in the context of food systems education. Results indicate that professional development can affect educators’ self-awareness, knowledge, and intentions related to culturally responsive education and mentoring. Each workshop had unique learning objectives; yet across workshops, participants identified areas of learning that challenged their preconceived assumptions about equity in higher education, how to support student success, and their own positionality and power as mentors and educators. Participants engaged in productive struggle to integrate new and challenging ideas, and they critically examined their responsibility to enact their values through their mentoring and teaching praxis. Finally, across workshops, participants committed themselves to actionable steps toward equity in food systems education and ongoing learning within a nascent community of practice.

在美国,粮食系统的不平等是几代人在社会、政治和经济机会方面系统性差异的结果,黑人、土著和有色人种承担了不成比例的负担。食品学者项目旨在通过在佐治亚大学(UGA,主要是白人赠地机构)和斯佩尔曼学院(历史上的黑人学院)的教师和学生之间建立有弹性的跨机构伙伴关系,扩大食品系统教育和领导力方面的公平。这个嵌入式案例研究考察了28名UGA教职员工和研究生收集的批判性反思,他们参加了一个或多个多天的专业发展研讨会,重点是在粮食系统教育的背景下支持指导和教学法的关键实践。研究结果显示,专业发展可以影响教育工作者对文化响应性教育和辅导的自我意识、知识和意向。每个讲习班都有独特的学习目标;然而,在各个研讨会上,参与者发现了一些挑战他们先入为主的假设的学习领域,比如高等教育中的公平、如何支持学生的成功,以及他们作为导师和教育者的地位和权力。参与者参与了富有成效的斗争,以整合新的和具有挑战性的想法,他们通过指导和教学实践,批判性地审视了自己制定价值观的责任。最后,在各个研讨会上,与会者承诺采取可行步骤,实现粮食系统教育的公平,并在新兴的实践社区中不断学习。
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引用次数: 0
Who is an American farmer? Who counts in American agriculture? 谁是美国农民?谁在美国农业中举足轻重?
IF 3.6 2区 社会学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2025-08-19 DOI: 10.1007/s10460-025-10781-6
Silvia Secchi

The most recent changes in the US Census of Agriculture (CoA) have caused substantial increases in the number of farmers. At the same time, by including lifestyle and residential operations, the CoA also obfuscates the degree of consolidation in the agricultural sector. The goal of this paper is to illustrate the issues associated with the current CoA classifications by outlining their historical trajectory since 1974, when the current definition of a farm was adopted. Though the characterization of a farm has remained the same for over half a century, the definition of operators and the farm sector as a whole have changed dramatically. To help understand the problems this has created, CoA data is juxtaposed with other agricultural statistics such as surveys of landowners and workers. This illuminates two issues. First, it shows the broad changes that have occurred in US agriculture, and the importance of actors beyond the farmer/operator in the sector. Second, it clarifies the need for consistent information that treats farming as an economic sector to aid the policy-making process and provide clear information to the public. The paper concludes with a range of proposals on how to improve the usefulness of agricultural statistics that include integration of existing data with targeted surveys that more holistically represent the reality of US agriculture today and consistently incorporate landowners and farm workers, and the creation of an independent statistical agency to more efficiently develop, manage and disseminate information about the US agricultural sector.

美国农业普查(CoA)的最新变化导致农民数量大幅增加。同时,由于包括生活方式和住宅业务,CoA也混淆了农业部门的整合程度。本文的目的是通过概述自1974年以来的历史轨迹来说明与当前CoA分类相关的问题,当时采用了当前农场的定义。尽管半个多世纪以来,农场的特征一直保持不变,但经营者和整个农业部门的定义发生了巨大变化。为了帮助理解由此产生的问题,CoA数据与其他农业统计数据(如对土地所有者和工人的调查)并列。这说明了两个问题。首先,它显示了美国农业发生的广泛变化,以及农民/经营者以外的参与者在该部门的重要性。其次,它阐明了将农业视为一个经济部门的一致信息的必要性,以帮助决策过程并向公众提供明确的信息。论文最后提出了一系列关于如何提高农业统计有用性的建议,包括将现有数据与有针对性的调查相结合,更全面地代表当今美国农业的现实,并始终将土地所有者和农场工人纳入其中,以及创建一个独立的统计机构,以更有效地开发、管理和传播有关美国农业部门的信息。
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