Canadian journal of cardiovascular nursing = Journal canadien en soins infirmiers cardio-vasculaires最新文献

Unlabelled: Every 40 seconds a person dies of cardiovascular disease.Individuals do not recognize the warning signs--prodromalsymptoms--of an imminent myocardial ischemic event. TheProdromal Symptoms-Screening Scale (PS-SS) is a nine-itemmeasure designed to evaluate PS in individuals with coronaryartery disease.

Aim: This article reports onfour studies (systematic review,focusgroup study, content validity testing and factor analysis) that contributed to the development and psychometric examination ofthe PS-SS.

Results: PS experienced included: unusual fatigue, sleep disturbance, chest pain, anxiety, gastrointestinal symptoms andshortness of breath. The CVI derived was 0.85. The PS-SS presented a two-factor structure pertaining to Specific ProdromalSymptoms and Non-Specific Prodromal Symptoms. Internal consistency reliability was 0.61.

Conclusions: The PS-SS reflects current prodromal literature,clinical practice and ACS patients' experiences of PS. Furtheritem generation, clarity of symptom description and psychometricevaluation needs to occur prior to use in clinical practice.Keywords: prodromal symptoms, acute coronarysyndrome, psychometric testing, tool development

The present study was conducted to examine the concept of post-traumatic growth (PTG) and its relationship with social support in patients with myocardial infarction. The study included 166 patients with myocardial infarction admitted to heart clinics in Bonab, Iran. Data were collected using the Post Traumatic Growth Inventory and the Clinical Social Support Scale. A positive, moderate relationship between social support and PTG (p<0.001; r=0.361) was found. Talking to others, providing tangible goods, and giving information about the disease may facilitate cognitive processing and adaptation, which, in turn, can lead to more PTG. Given the positive relationship between social support and PTG, nurses, families, and other sources of social support can provide emotional, instrumental and informational supports to increase positive psychological behaviours in patients with myocardial infarction.

Pulmonary arterial hypertension is an uncommon and devastating chronic illness with no known cure. Little is known about the disease, and even less about the psychosocial burdens. While it is important to create awareness about the physical aspects of the disease, it is equally important to create awareness about the psychosocial burdens patients and their families face. We reviewed the literature to better understand these psychosocial burdens, which include impact from physical limitations, emotional strains, financial burdens, social isolation, lack of intimacy in relationships, and an overall lack of information. The findings can be used to assist health care providers to understand the psychosocial challenges that are being experienced by patients and families in order to better provide supportive care. The creation of a standardized tool to assess the psychosocial burdens at each clinic visit can benefit health care providers by addressing challenges faced and facilitate subsequent referral to appropriate specialists.

Abstract Symptom managementfor end-of-life heartfailure (HF) patients is a significant concern. Currently, Canadian practice does not support community milrinone therapy in end-of-life HF patients. Two patients had severe HF that was unresponsive to optimal medications. Further optimization and furosemide infusions were ineffective for symptom management. Both patients' symptoms were better controlled with optimal medication, furosemide, and milrinone infusions. A tailored discharge plan was developed to assist with community milrinone infusions. We discuss the challenges and successes of transitioning two patients to the community. By providing symptom management and meaningful patient and family experience, both patients were able to die in a setting of their choosing. Milrinone infusions as a bridge to end of life may improve symptoms and quality of life. Select patients may benefit from milrinone infusions with resources put in place; these end-of-life HF patients can be supported in the community.

Many studies show that men make specific lifestyle choices. However, regarding high blood pressure (HBP), guidelines are without distinction for gender. The purpose of this project is to explore the men's experience with HBP. Using a phenomenological design, semi-structured interviews were conducted with ten men living with HBP to explore beliefs and perceptions of men living with HBP. The main framework used is the health belief model. Two themes emerged: the meaning given to HBP (an unavoidable disease, the trivialization of HBP et HBP as synonymous of stress) and the management of this illness (the notion of control, the paradox of knowing about what to do and implementation of healthy lifestyle, relationship with health professionals). These results bring a better understanding of the experience of men with hypertension.

Background: Multiple studies have demonstrated a reduction of cardiovascular events in patients who receive the annual influenza vaccine. Despite recommendations from cardiovascular societies, influenza vaccination remains suboptimal in the implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) population. Barriers to receiving the influenza vaccination have not been explored.

Purpose: To evaluate the barriers to receiving the influenza vaccine in patients with ICDs.

Design: Exploratory descriptive design using a survey developed by the staff of the ICD clinic.

Procedure: A pilot study was conducted as part of a quality initiative of ICD patients at a regional cardiac centre. These patients were approached to participate in a one-page survey assessing barriers to receipt of the influenza vaccination. Predictors of vaccination were determined using multivariate logistic regression.

Findings: Of the 229 patients who completed the survey between September 1 and November 31, 2011, 78% of the patients received the influenza vaccine. The only factor independently associated with influenza vaccination was a positive patient attitude toward the safety of influenza vaccination. Easier access to the influenza vaccination was not associated with its receipt.

Conclusion: A positive patient attitude toward the influenza vaccine is associated with its use. ICD clinic practitioners may have an opportunity to explore any misconceptions toward the influenza vaccine at each clinic visit in hope of increasing its receipt. Given the importance of this vaccination, future studies are recommended.

Background: Sedentary behaviour and the level of daily physical activity are of particular concern in cardiac patients, as diminished activity may be a strong predictor of mortality in this population.

Purpose: In this study we assessed sedentary behaviour and the quantity and quality of daily physical activity among older cardiac patients who were at different stages of recovery following a cardiac event.

Design: We used a cross-sectional design and a convenience sampling technique.

Method: Participants were recruited into three groups: an Acute group (n = 32), a Rehab group (n = 32), and a Maintain group (n = 29). Continuous minute by minute physical activity was assessed using the SenseWear Mini Armband, which was worn throughout each day for four consecutive days and provided data on steps/day, as well as time spent sedentary (waking time ≤ 1.5 METs), or in light (1.6-2.9 METs) or moderate-vigorous (≥ 3.0 METs) physical activity.

Findings: While the Rehab group accumulated more daily activity than the other two groups, they remained sedentary for approximately 70% of waking time. The quantity and quality of the activity in the Maintain group was comparable to that observed in the Acute group.

Conclusions: Our observation of consistently elevated sedentary time regardless of whether the participant was entering, completing or were long removed from a formal cardiac rehabilitation program reinforces the need for cardiac rehabilitation nurse educators to both monitor routine daily activity and encourage coronary artery disease patients to adapt a lifestyle that is focused on reducing sedentary behaviour by incorporating planned exercise training and unstructured physical activity throughout the day.

Background: There is evidence from large clinical trials that compliance with standardized best practice guidelines (BPGs) improves survival of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients. However, their application is often suboptimal.

Purpose: In this study, the researchers evaluated whether the use of an interactive voice response (IVR) follow-up system improved ACS BPG compliance.

Method: This was a single-centre randomized control trial (RCT) of 1,608 patients (IVR=803; usual care=805). The IVR group received five automated calls in 12 months. The primary composite outcome was increased medication compliance and decreased adverse events.

Results: A significant improvement of 60% in the IVR group for the primary composite outcome was found (RR 1.60, 95% CI: 1.29 to 2.00, p <0.001). There was significant improvement in medication compliance (p <0.001) and decrease in unplanned medical visits (p = 0.023). At one year, the majority of patients ( 85%) responded positively to using the system again. Follow-up by IVR produced positive outcomes in ACS patients.