Journal of Marmara University Dental Faculty最新文献

In this study a radiological assessment of elongated styloid processes and ossified stylohyoid ligaments was performed on 900 panoramic radiographs of 900 patients. The styloid process(s) were found to be longer than 30 mm in 12 cases; in 8 of these cases elongation was bilateral, and in 4 cases it was unilateral, making a total of 20 elongated processes out of a possible 1800--an incidence of 1.1%. The mean length of the elongated processes was 48.15 mm. Symptoms were present in one case of bilateral elongation.

The present study describes selected clinical and microbiological results obtained by treatment with local (Elyzol) and systemic (Flagyl) use of metronidazole alone and/or mechanical subgingival debridement in early onset periodontitis (EOP). Twelve patients, with lesions not distributed as in classical localized juvenile periodontitis, were included. They were randomly divided into local and systemic treatment groups each comprising 6 individuals, in each of whom 4 sites (one site/quadrant) with a probing depth of > or = 5 mm were selected and treated with separate treatment modalities. The overall treatment design provided 6 different test groups. Groups of quadrants received 1) scaling and root planing 2) local metronidazole treatment 3) systemic metronidazole treatment 4) local metronidazole combined with scaling and root planing 5) systemic metronidazole combined with scaling and root planing 6) No treatment. The microbiological and clinical effects of treatment modalities were monitored over 42 days. The results demonstrated reductions in mean counts of obligate anaerobic and capnophilic microorganisms coupled with significant improvements in mean clinical measurements (gingivitis, probing depth, attachment level) in all groups, except the untreated. Scaling and root planing provided an initial clinical improvement with a selective reduction of periodontopathogens (92.6% obligate anaerobes, 42.9% capnophilic microorganisms), whereas the combination of local or systemic metronidazole with scaling and root planing were found superior in reducing capnophilic bacteria (93.7% and 93.4%, respectively). It is of critical importance to have a treatment rationale for EOP, since bacterial differences exist in the etiological subforms of periodontitis. Microbial testing may be justified before prescribing the adjunctive antibiotic and selecting the mode of delivery for the successful clinical management of EOP.

The purpose of the present investigation was to determine the relationship between the reproducibility of soft tissue contours by three different functional impression techniques and four dentists for mandibular distal-extension removable partial dentures. The selected functional impression methods were Lejoyeux, Rouot and McLean techniques. A mucostatic impression technique was used for the control group. To compare and measure the degree of tissue displacement, a three-dimensional coordinate measuring system was used. The differences in vertical displacement of soft tissue among the operators were statistically determined for each impression technique used. Lejoyeux technique produced the least variation in tissue displacement followed respectively by McLean, mucostatic and Rouot methods.

Levels of IgG and IgM antibodies were estimated against Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in 17 patients with juvenile periodontitis, 15 with adult periodontitis and 24 healthy controls at the beginning of treatment and 3 to 8 months after periodontal therapy. After treatment, antibodies to A. actinomycetemcomitans and P.gingivalis had decreased in patients, but the levels were still significantly higher than in healthy controls. Whether or not an of antibody level against a specific bacteria changes after periodontal treatment is however, still debatable.

Recent microbiological studies support the concept that specific gram negative bacteria play a major role in the etiology and pathogenesis of human chronic inflammatory periodontal disease. Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans has been isolated frequently from juvenile periodontitis and Porphyromonas gingivalis has been shown to be a prominent species in adult periodontitis in humans. The purpose of this study was to determine levels of the specific antibodies to A.actinomycetemcomitans and P.gingivalis in 17 patients with juvenile and 15 patients with adult periodontitis and 24 healthy subjects. IgG and IgM antibody titers against these antigens were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The levels of antibodies against A.actinomycetemcomitans were significantly higher in the juvenile periodontitis compared to the adult periodontitis patients and controls. Anti-P.gingivalis antibodies were elevated in adult periodontitis compared to juvenile periodontitis patients and controls.

Diet refers to the customary allowance of food and drink taken by a person from day to day. The diet may affect dental caries by reacting with the enamel surface and by serving as a substrate for cariogenic microorganisms. This study examined the role of specific nutrients in the caries experience of elementary school children. 120 children aged between 6-11, who attended the Pedodontics Department of Marmara University, Faculty of Dentistry for routine dental treatment received a dental examination, parent interview, and a 3-day diet diary. The diary was completed adequately for 100 children (83%). The average daily intake of nutrients were computed and total sugar consumption and Ca/P ratio were calculated. Each child's gender, age, fluoride history, socio-economic state of the family, previous dental experience, brushing habit, and nutrient intake were examined as independent variables. No association was apparent between dental caries and the intake of specific nutrients or Ca/P ratio, except with total sugar consumption.

The neutral zone is defined as the area where the forces of the tongue pressing outward are neutralized by the forces of the cheeks and lips pressing inward. In this study records of neutral zones of 30 edentulous patients were used to establish the relation between teeth arrangement according to neutral zone principles and teeth arrangement according to crest of ridge. These 30 patients were classified according to their ages, edentulous periods and denture experience. The results have shown that the lower molars were positioned a little bit closer to lingual with respect to crest of ridge; premolars were positioned either close to crest of ridge or they were coincided on it. In the anterior zone, the teeth were in accordance with known principles of positioned of anatomic landmarks.

In this study, an attempt was made to examine the effects of 4 glass ionomer cements on pulp. For this purpose, 30 incisors from 3 dogs were employed. Glass-ionomer cements commercially known as Ketac-bond, Kromoglass 1, Vitrebond and Logobond WM were administered in Black Class V cavities drilled on the vestibular surfaces of the teeth, with zinc oxide/eugenol cement being applied to a control group. Teeth were extracted at 7, 30 and 90 days and assessed accordingly. The pulpal tissues of the teeth were reviewed under light microscope with respect to odontoblastic activity, odontoblast aspiration, fibrosis, vascularization and erythrocyte accumulation, presence of inflammatory cells, necrosis, and reparative dentine. Various findings were obtained from 4 different glass-ionomer cements, which were evaluated according to the criteria stated above; however, in no section were inflammatory cells or necrosis encountered. Therefore, none of the substances utilized in our study was found to have an excessive toxic effect on pulpal tissue.

The levels of salivary proteins and some inorganic elements were measured in healthy children who were divided into 3 groups according to dentition. The study was prompted by the fact that there have been few studies on salivary composition and most of them have measured only a few components in children. Salivary protein was determined by the method of Lowry; protein electrophoresis carried out as described by Laemli; Na and K concentration was measured by flame photometry and Ca, Mg, Cl and P measured colorimetrically using Randox diagnostic kits. Significant differences were found between the groups for Mg, Na, total protein and some protein bands (obtained by electrophoresis). In all dentition groups, there was no significant difference in any of the levels between the children with and without caries. Salivary inorganic composition, total protein concentration and some protein bands rose linearly with age. Salivary protein and all the above inorganic element levels rose linearly with total caries surface area (Ds + ds), except for Mg which decreased linearly. Some of the protein bands decreased with Ds + ds.

Periodontal diseases are considered as old as the history of mankind, Magical, religious and herbal treatments were demonstrated in almost all of the early writings. However, methodical, carefully reasoned therapeutic approaches did not exist until the middle-ages and modern treatment with a scientific base and sophisticated instrumentation did not develop until the 18th century. Prior to the 1950s, diseases were mostly treated by root debridement and the extraction of the affected teeth. Until the 1970s, it was primarily the symptoms of periodontal diseases that were treated. The goal was radical elimination of the periodontal pocket (resective therapy). The means were gingivectomy, flap procedures and osseous surgery. The disadvantages were the massive sacrifice of periodontal tissues, lack of regeneration and clinically elongated teeth. These disadvantages, along with the realization of the importance of aetiologic agents, raised questions about the necessity of total pocket elimination, and the control of subgingival infection by a thorough scaling and root planing (nonsurgical therapy), with and without antibiotics, became a commonly used treatment during the 1980s. Comparative longitudinal studies, surgical versus nonsurgical, demonstrated that both surgical and nonsurgical therapy result in limited regeneration and healing with a long junctional epithelium. The most important aspects of today's modern concept of periodontal therapy are causal, regenerative, and specific for disease type and severity. Although the regeneration of the periodontium can be accomplished with the biological principles of guided tissue regeneration and graft materials, compared to conventional methods, the restoration of a completely normal periodontal status has not yet been achieved. We are about to reach our ultimate goals and presently, the more promising research directions for a substantial regeneration seems to lie in biological mediators. Although the future of periodontal therapy is bright, it is still of critical importance to have a preventive strategy to keep individuals healthy beforehand.