Pub Date : 2021-01-28DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780198868132.003.0005
K. Barclay
The practice of caritas enjoined Christians to keep the peace with their neighbour whilst also looking out to admonish them for their sin, necessary to ensure their salvation. Unsurprisingly, these ideas could come into conflict. This chapter explores how lower-order Scots, who often lived in small houses with many people, produced ‘privacy’ by deciding when to see, hear, or feel sin. It deploys the distinction made by the Church between secret, private, and public worship as a framework of knowing and publicity used by Scots to help them live harmoniously with their neighbours. Focusing on infanticide, rape, and domestic violence cases, this chapter highlights both the contexts in which people chose to keep secrets and the rituals used—such as processioning or calling witnesses—designed to make things public. It particularly attends to the importance of physical space and material conditions in shaping the experience of caritas in this context.
{"title":"Promoting Harmony","authors":"K. Barclay","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780198868132.003.0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198868132.003.0005","url":null,"abstract":"The practice of caritas enjoined Christians to keep the peace with their neighbour whilst also looking out to admonish them for their sin, necessary to ensure their salvation. Unsurprisingly, these ideas could come into conflict. This chapter explores how lower-order Scots, who often lived in small houses with many people, produced ‘privacy’ by deciding when to see, hear, or feel sin. It deploys the distinction made by the Church between secret, private, and public worship as a framework of knowing and publicity used by Scots to help them live harmoniously with their neighbours. Focusing on infanticide, rape, and domestic violence cases, this chapter highlights both the contexts in which people chose to keep secrets and the rituals used—such as processioning or calling witnesses—designed to make things public. It particularly attends to the importance of physical space and material conditions in shaping the experience of caritas in this context.","PeriodicalId":77505,"journal":{"name":"Caritas","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80953522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-28DOI: 10.1093/OSO/9780198868132.003.0004
K. Barclay
If an emotional ethic like caritas was embodied, how did some come to engage in ‘deviant’ behaviours such as premarital sex and why did a society so enculturated in a Christian ethic come to have such a significant illegitimacy rate? This chapter uses a case study of servants and their sex lives to explore how people reconciled their ‘sinful’ behaviour with their commitment to caritas. It first looks at the ways in which individuals justified their romantic feelings that led to sex within the moral framework of the community, as well as those—especially men—who instead made a claim to human frailty as an excuse for misbehaviour. It then attends to how the community responded to such activities, particularly in making life uncomfortable and encouraging those who did not conform to move on. A final section looks at how sinners were restored to the community once they had reformed, especially attending to rituals of reconciliation and peace, including touch, kisses, and sharing food and drink.
{"title":"The Limits of Love","authors":"K. Barclay","doi":"10.1093/OSO/9780198868132.003.0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/OSO/9780198868132.003.0004","url":null,"abstract":"If an emotional ethic like caritas was embodied, how did some come to engage in ‘deviant’ behaviours such as premarital sex and why did a society so enculturated in a Christian ethic come to have such a significant illegitimacy rate? This chapter uses a case study of servants and their sex lives to explore how people reconciled their ‘sinful’ behaviour with their commitment to caritas. It first looks at the ways in which individuals justified their romantic feelings that led to sex within the moral framework of the community, as well as those—especially men—who instead made a claim to human frailty as an excuse for misbehaviour. It then attends to how the community responded to such activities, particularly in making life uncomfortable and encouraging those who did not conform to move on. A final section looks at how sinners were restored to the community once they had reformed, especially attending to rituals of reconciliation and peace, including touch, kisses, and sharing food and drink.","PeriodicalId":77505,"journal":{"name":"Caritas","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77641209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-28DOI: 10.1093/OSO/9780198868132.003.0003
K. Barclay
As an emotional ethic, caritas was taught. This chapter explores the education of children and youth in caritas through acts of care and affection by those within their community. It highlights how youth was understood as a period of imperfect knowing, excusing passionate excess in young people as they learned to develop a personal conscience—an independent self—within a society that placed significant emphasis on community relationships. Teenage romance was a particularly important opportunity for teenagers to explore how caritas was to operate as moral feeling, and this chapter notes how the growing significance of romantic love in the cultural imagination provided young people with an occasion to refigure their self in relation to the group. Yet, if some young people used this as an opportunity to contest social boundaries, evidence suggests that many young people learned their lessons in love too well, on occasion failing to notice the nuances that moderated the discipline of caritas.
{"title":"Learning to Love","authors":"K. Barclay","doi":"10.1093/OSO/9780198868132.003.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/OSO/9780198868132.003.0003","url":null,"abstract":"As an emotional ethic, caritas was taught. This chapter explores the education of children and youth in caritas through acts of care and affection by those within their community. It highlights how youth was understood as a period of imperfect knowing, excusing passionate excess in young people as they learned to develop a personal conscience—an independent self—within a society that placed significant emphasis on community relationships. Teenage romance was a particularly important opportunity for teenagers to explore how caritas was to operate as moral feeling, and this chapter notes how the growing significance of romantic love in the cultural imagination provided young people with an occasion to refigure their self in relation to the group. Yet, if some young people used this as an opportunity to contest social boundaries, evidence suggests that many young people learned their lessons in love too well, on occasion failing to notice the nuances that moderated the discipline of caritas.","PeriodicalId":77505,"journal":{"name":"Caritas","volume":"3 14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88808722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-28DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780198868132.003.0007
Katie Barclay
Caritas was an emotional ethic that underpinned many of the ideals and behaviours of early modern peoples. Like the felt judgements of contemporary emotions theory, it guided decision-making through bodily feeling and was manifested in actions performed in and by bodies. This Conclusion draws together the threads of this book to highlight the utility of the concept of an ‘emotional ethic’ in helping us understand the social, economic, and cultural life of the Scottish poor, and suggests its possibilities for interpreting other contexts and future feeling. It concludes by reflecting on the possibilities of love as an ethic for the future.
{"title":"Conclusion","authors":"Katie Barclay","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780198868132.003.0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198868132.003.0007","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Caritas was an emotional ethic that underpinned many of the ideals and behaviours of early modern peoples. Like the felt judgements of contemporary emotions theory, it guided decision-making through bodily feeling and was manifested in actions performed in and by bodies. This Conclusion draws together the threads of this book to highlight the utility of the concept of an ‘emotional ethic’ in helping us understand the social, economic, and cultural life of the Scottish poor, and suggests its possibilities for interpreting other contexts and future feeling. It concludes by reflecting on the possibilities of love as an ethic for the future.","PeriodicalId":77505,"journal":{"name":"Caritas","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82973557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The young adolescent's cry for help.","authors":"B McKenna","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77505,"journal":{"name":"Caritas","volume":"57 77","pages":"11, 13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13216274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Honouring father and mother.","authors":"M Tidmarsh","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77505,"journal":{"name":"Caritas","volume":"57 77","pages":"4-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13216278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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