Pub Date : 2024-08-12eCollection Date: 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202420230244
Bruna Thais DA Silva, Juliana Vanessa C Martins-Perles, Gleison Daion P Bossolani, Mariana M Lima, Camila C Sehaber-Sierakowski, Lucas B Gremaschi, João Paulo Silveira E Cunha, Ciomar A Bersani-Amado, Jacqueline N Zanoni
This study aimed to investigate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of quercetin on the cellular components of the Enteric Nervous System in the ileum of rats with arthritis. Rats were distributed into five groups: control (C), arthritic (AIA), arthritic treated with ibuprofen (AI), arthritic treated with quercetin (AQ) and arthritic treated with both ibuprofen and quercetin (AIQ). The ileum was processed for immunohistochemical techniques for HuC/D, calcitonin gene-related peptide, and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide. Measurements in histological sections, chemiluminescence assays, and total antioxidant capacity were also performed. Rheumatoid arthritis resulted in a decrease in neuronal density, yet neuroplasticity mechanisms were evident through observed changes in varicosities size and neuronal area compared to the control group. Reduced paw edema and neuroprotective effects were predominantly noted in both plexuses, as evidenced by the increased density preservation of HuC/D-IR neurons in the AIQ group. The increase of lipoperoxidation levels and paw edema volume in the AQ group was observed compared to the arthritic, whereas the AIQ group mainly showed similar results to those observed in the control. The enteropathy associated with arthritis proved to be significant in the field of gastroenterology, and the combination of quercetin and ibuprofen demonstrated promising anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects.
{"title":"Quercetin and ibuprofen combination displayed anti-inflammatory effects and also extenuates the enteric neurons damage of arthritic rats.","authors":"Bruna Thais DA Silva, Juliana Vanessa C Martins-Perles, Gleison Daion P Bossolani, Mariana M Lima, Camila C Sehaber-Sierakowski, Lucas B Gremaschi, João Paulo Silveira E Cunha, Ciomar A Bersani-Amado, Jacqueline N Zanoni","doi":"10.1590/0001-3765202420230244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202420230244","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to investigate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of quercetin on the cellular components of the Enteric Nervous System in the ileum of rats with arthritis. Rats were distributed into five groups: control (C), arthritic (AIA), arthritic treated with ibuprofen (AI), arthritic treated with quercetin (AQ) and arthritic treated with both ibuprofen and quercetin (AIQ). The ileum was processed for immunohistochemical techniques for HuC/D, calcitonin gene-related peptide, and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide. Measurements in histological sections, chemiluminescence assays, and total antioxidant capacity were also performed. Rheumatoid arthritis resulted in a decrease in neuronal density, yet neuroplasticity mechanisms were evident through observed changes in varicosities size and neuronal area compared to the control group. Reduced paw edema and neuroprotective effects were predominantly noted in both plexuses, as evidenced by the increased density preservation of HuC/D-IR neurons in the AIQ group. The increase of lipoperoxidation levels and paw edema volume in the AQ group was observed compared to the arthritic, whereas the AIQ group mainly showed similar results to those observed in the control. The enteropathy associated with arthritis proved to be significant in the field of gastroenterology, and the combination of quercetin and ibuprofen demonstrated promising anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":7776,"journal":{"name":"Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141974911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-12eCollection Date: 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202420231180
Theo B Ribeiro, Athirson S Albuquerque, Thiago Bragança, Paulo Victor Luiz G C Pereira
The record of Mesozoic reptiles in the Northern region of Brazil is extremely limited, with the only definite occurrence consisting of two ziphodont teeth recovered from an oil well core in the municipality of Nova Olinda do Norte, Amazonas state, from strata of the Alter do Chão Formation (Cenomanian) of the Amazonas Basin. In this study, we aim to reevaluate MCT.R.514 using the most recent methodologies available for the identification of isolated theropod teeth. The cladistic analyses recovered MCT.R.514 as a possible metriacanthosaurid or non carcharodontosaurid allosauroid while the LDAs showed affinities between the specimen and Abelisauridae, Piatniktzysauridae, and Tyrannosauridae. MCT.R.514 was assigned as an abelisaurid due to its overall morphology that lacked metriacanthosaurid synapomorphies (i.e. spiraling mesial carina, strongly labially displaced distal carina, and well-marked mesiolingual longitudinal groove), while maintaining homoplastic features between both groups (i.e. irregular enamel texture, a lingually biconcave cross section, and a straight distal margin). This, together with a mostly Laurasian distribution of Metriacanthosauridae favors the assignment of MCT.R.514 as an abelisaurid as the most parsimonious hypothesis in this occasion. The identification of the specimen as an abelisaurid further expands the still scarce "Mid'' Cretaceous record of this clade in Brazil.
{"title":"A lost tooth in the jungle: revisiting the sole dinosaurian record from northern Brazil.","authors":"Theo B Ribeiro, Athirson S Albuquerque, Thiago Bragança, Paulo Victor Luiz G C Pereira","doi":"10.1590/0001-3765202420231180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202420231180","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The record of Mesozoic reptiles in the Northern region of Brazil is extremely limited, with the only definite occurrence consisting of two ziphodont teeth recovered from an oil well core in the municipality of Nova Olinda do Norte, Amazonas state, from strata of the Alter do Chão Formation (Cenomanian) of the Amazonas Basin. In this study, we aim to reevaluate MCT.R.514 using the most recent methodologies available for the identification of isolated theropod teeth. The cladistic analyses recovered MCT.R.514 as a possible metriacanthosaurid or non carcharodontosaurid allosauroid while the LDAs showed affinities between the specimen and Abelisauridae, Piatniktzysauridae, and Tyrannosauridae. MCT.R.514 was assigned as an abelisaurid due to its overall morphology that lacked metriacanthosaurid synapomorphies (i.e. spiraling mesial carina, strongly labially displaced distal carina, and well-marked mesiolingual longitudinal groove), while maintaining homoplastic features between both groups (i.e. irregular enamel texture, a lingually biconcave cross section, and a straight distal margin). This, together with a mostly Laurasian distribution of Metriacanthosauridae favors the assignment of MCT.R.514 as an abelisaurid as the most parsimonious hypothesis in this occasion. The identification of the specimen as an abelisaurid further expands the still scarce \"Mid'' Cretaceous record of this clade in Brazil.</p>","PeriodicalId":7776,"journal":{"name":"Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141974908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-12eCollection Date: 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202420231231
Marianna Isabella R R DE Oliveira, Jimena Grosso, Marcelo F Napoli, Luiz N Weber, Florencia Vera Candioti
We studied the relationship between shape, size, and developmental time in the embryonic ontogeny of 15 species of the frog genus Physalaemus. As in other anuran exotrophic embryos, shape changes are correlated with size increase and mainly concern tail elongation, decrease in body height, and increase in fin height. Size ranges and developmental times vary interspecifically. Embryos of the P. signifer Clade and the P. gracilis Group are among the largest, are slightly peramorphic, and develop fast regarding congeneric species. Embryos of P. cicada combine the smallest sizes with fast development and the most peramorphic shapes. The paedomorphic shapes of embryos of P. biligonigerus and P. henselii groups are correlated with fast vs. slow developmental times respectively. Trajectories in the P. cuvieri Group are diverse and in general differ in size and developmental time. The embryos of P. cristinae and from the Argentinean lineage of P. cuvieri stand out with the longest development. Sequences of developmental events are overall conserved in the genus, and main differences concern mouthpart ontogeny. This study constitutes the first attempt to evaluate morphological, allometric, and heterochronic parameters of the early ontogeny of anurans and how these can vary and contribute to diversification in taxonomic groups.
我们研究了蛙属 15 个物种胚胎发育过程中形状、大小和发育时间之间的关系。与其他有尾目外养胚胎一样,形状的变化与体型的增加相关,主要涉及尾部的伸长、体高的降低和鳍高的增加。胚胎的大小范围和发育时间因种间差异而不同。signifer 支系和 P. gracilis 组的胚胎是同属物种中最大的胚胎之一,具有轻微的变态反应,发育速度快。蝉的胚胎兼具体积小、发育快和形态最变态的特点。双翼蝉(P. biligonigerus)和雌蝉(P. henselii)胚胎的拟态形状分别与发育时间的快慢相关。P. cuvieri 组的胚胎发育轨迹多种多样,总体上在大小和发育时间上存在差异。P. cristinae 和来自阿根廷的 P. cuvieri 的胚胎发育时间最长。该属的发育顺序总体上是一致的,主要差异在于口部的本体发育。这项研究首次尝试评估无尾类早期个体发育的形态学、计量经济学和异时参数,以及这些参数如何变化并导致分类群的多样化。
{"title":"Patterns of allometric and heterochronic changes in the early ontogeny of species of Physalaemus (Anura: Leptodactylidae).","authors":"Marianna Isabella R R DE Oliveira, Jimena Grosso, Marcelo F Napoli, Luiz N Weber, Florencia Vera Candioti","doi":"10.1590/0001-3765202420231231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202420231231","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We studied the relationship between shape, size, and developmental time in the embryonic ontogeny of 15 species of the frog genus Physalaemus. As in other anuran exotrophic embryos, shape changes are correlated with size increase and mainly concern tail elongation, decrease in body height, and increase in fin height. Size ranges and developmental times vary interspecifically. Embryos of the P. signifer Clade and the P. gracilis Group are among the largest, are slightly peramorphic, and develop fast regarding congeneric species. Embryos of P. cicada combine the smallest sizes with fast development and the most peramorphic shapes. The paedomorphic shapes of embryos of P. biligonigerus and P. henselii groups are correlated with fast vs. slow developmental times respectively. Trajectories in the P. cuvieri Group are diverse and in general differ in size and developmental time. The embryos of P. cristinae and from the Argentinean lineage of P. cuvieri stand out with the longest development. Sequences of developmental events are overall conserved in the genus, and main differences concern mouthpart ontogeny. This study constitutes the first attempt to evaluate morphological, allometric, and heterochronic parameters of the early ontogeny of anurans and how these can vary and contribute to diversification in taxonomic groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":7776,"journal":{"name":"Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141974909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-12eCollection Date: 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202420231139
Mariana C Nicodemo, Emilia Angela L S Arisawa, Luciana B Sant'anna, Rodrigo Lopes-Martins
Tendons, complex fibrous structures, are subjected to great tensions, which can give rise to the so-called tendinopathies. This study aimed to evaluate photobiomodulation and human Amniotic Membrane applied as single or combined therapies to treat induced Achilles tendon lesions. Seventy-five rats were divided into five groups (n=15): C- control Sham surgery; I- tendon injury; LA- tendon injury treated with photobiomodulation; AM- tendon injury treated with Amniotic Membrane; LAM- tendon injury + photobiomodulation and Amniotic Membrane, subdivided into three groups (n=5) with analysis at 3, 7, and 14 days. The tendon injuries were made with a 20 g weight released from a mini guillotine onto the ankle in dorsiflexion. AM and LAM groups received an Amniotic Membrane fragment while LA and LAM groups received transcutaneous photobiomodulation, using a 660 nm wavelength laser. The inflammatory cells showed statistical differences between groups C and I (p<0.05), I and AM (p<0.01), I and LA (p<0.05), and I and LAM (p<0.01). Both photobiomodulation and Amniotic Membrane were shown to enhance tendon repair, and the association of photobiomodulation plus Amniotic Membrane was the most effective treatment. We conclude that the association of photobiomodulation plus Amniotic Membrane was effective in accelerating and improving the tendon regeneration process.
肌腱是一种复杂的纤维结构,会承受巨大的张力,从而引发所谓的肌腱病。本研究旨在评估光生物调制和人羊膜作为单一或联合疗法治疗跟腱损伤的效果。75 只大鼠被分为五组(n=15):C--对照组;I--肌腱损伤组;LA--用光生物调节治疗肌腱损伤组;AM--用羊膜治疗肌腱损伤组;LAM--肌腱损伤+光生物调节和羊膜组,再分为三组(n=5),分别在3、7和14天进行分析。肌腱损伤是在踝关节背屈状态下,用微型铡刀释放 20 克重物造成的。AM组和LAM组接受羊膜碎片治疗,而LA组和LAM组则接受经皮光生物调节,使用波长为660纳米的激光。炎症细胞在 C 组和 I 组之间存在统计学差异(p
{"title":"Photobiomodulation and amniotic membrane for treat tendon injury in rats.","authors":"Mariana C Nicodemo, Emilia Angela L S Arisawa, Luciana B Sant'anna, Rodrigo Lopes-Martins","doi":"10.1590/0001-3765202420231139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202420231139","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tendons, complex fibrous structures, are subjected to great tensions, which can give rise to the so-called tendinopathies. This study aimed to evaluate photobiomodulation and human Amniotic Membrane applied as single or combined therapies to treat induced Achilles tendon lesions. Seventy-five rats were divided into five groups (n=15): C- control Sham surgery; I- tendon injury; LA- tendon injury treated with photobiomodulation; AM- tendon injury treated with Amniotic Membrane; LAM- tendon injury + photobiomodulation and Amniotic Membrane, subdivided into three groups (n=5) with analysis at 3, 7, and 14 days. The tendon injuries were made with a 20 g weight released from a mini guillotine onto the ankle in dorsiflexion. AM and LAM groups received an Amniotic Membrane fragment while LA and LAM groups received transcutaneous photobiomodulation, using a 660 nm wavelength laser. The inflammatory cells showed statistical differences between groups C and I (p<0.05), I and AM (p<0.01), I and LA (p<0.05), and I and LAM (p<0.01). Both photobiomodulation and Amniotic Membrane were shown to enhance tendon repair, and the association of photobiomodulation plus Amniotic Membrane was the most effective treatment. We conclude that the association of photobiomodulation plus Amniotic Membrane was effective in accelerating and improving the tendon regeneration process.</p>","PeriodicalId":7776,"journal":{"name":"Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141974910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-09eCollection Date: 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202420230561
Luiz André R Lima, Fernanda Carolina R Dias, Sandra Maria Torres, Simone Regina B Macêdo, Danielle B Morais, Bruno M Tenorio, Valdemiro Amaro DA Silva Junior
Olanzapine (OLZ) is an antipsychotic medication used to treat postpartum psychiatric symptoms. It aimed to evaluate the effects of administering OLZ to lactating rats on testicular parameters of adult Wistar rats. Mothers received 2.5, 5 or 10 mg/kg until weaning. Adult male rats showed decrease in body weight, weight of testes, epididymis, prostate, seminal gland and gonadosomatic index when higher doses of OLZ were administered. Testicular volumetric parameters, as well as the length of seminiferous tubules, were also reduced in animals treated with the highest doses of OLZ. The diameter of the seminiferous tubules and the height of the seminiferous epithelium were reduced. There was also a relevant decrease in the population of Sertoli cells and a relevant reduction in the volume of individual Leydig cells. Histopathological analysis of the testes showed lesions compatible with testicular degeneration in rats treated with the highest dose of OLZ. There was a significant reduction in plasma testosterone levels in all treatments. It is noted, therefore, that the adverse impact on the testes of the highest doses of the drug during the neonatal period persisted into adulthood, with the dose of 2.5 mg/kg of OLZ proving to be safer than the others.
{"title":"Olanzapine during lactation: impact on testicular morphometry and endocrine parameters in adult wistar rats.","authors":"Luiz André R Lima, Fernanda Carolina R Dias, Sandra Maria Torres, Simone Regina B Macêdo, Danielle B Morais, Bruno M Tenorio, Valdemiro Amaro DA Silva Junior","doi":"10.1590/0001-3765202420230561","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202420230561","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Olanzapine (OLZ) is an antipsychotic medication used to treat postpartum psychiatric symptoms. It aimed to evaluate the effects of administering OLZ to lactating rats on testicular parameters of adult Wistar rats. Mothers received 2.5, 5 or 10 mg/kg until weaning. Adult male rats showed decrease in body weight, weight of testes, epididymis, prostate, seminal gland and gonadosomatic index when higher doses of OLZ were administered. Testicular volumetric parameters, as well as the length of seminiferous tubules, were also reduced in animals treated with the highest doses of OLZ. The diameter of the seminiferous tubules and the height of the seminiferous epithelium were reduced. There was also a relevant decrease in the population of Sertoli cells and a relevant reduction in the volume of individual Leydig cells. Histopathological analysis of the testes showed lesions compatible with testicular degeneration in rats treated with the highest dose of OLZ. There was a significant reduction in plasma testosterone levels in all treatments. It is noted, therefore, that the adverse impact on the testes of the highest doses of the drug during the neonatal period persisted into adulthood, with the dose of 2.5 mg/kg of OLZ proving to be safer than the others.</p>","PeriodicalId":7776,"journal":{"name":"Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141974912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-09eCollection Date: 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202420230856
Valquíria Campos, Janaina M F Domingos, Marcelo A Nolasco, Leandro C DE Morais, Diego G Marques
As it flows through the city of São Paulo, the Tietê River receives heavy discharges of industrial effluents and domestic sewage, resulting from the city's continuous urban expansion and the inadequacy of its sanitary sewage system. This study focused on an analysis of the efficiency of PGα21Ca and quaternary ammonium tannate, water purification products, based on coagulation-flocculation and sedimentation tests, followed by treatment with a hydrodynamic cavitation reactor associated with ozonation in the treatment of Tietê River water. The removal of turbidity, apparent color, and chemical oxygen demand (COD) were evaluated. Jar testing assays were conducted, and the best turbidity removal rates were obtained with a concentration of 300 mg L-1 for PGα21Ca and 150 mg L-1 for quaternary ammonium tannate. The coagulation-flocculation treatment removed approximately 93% of turbidity for both coagulants. After combining coagulation-flocculation with hydrodynamic cavitation with ozonation, the final COD removal rate applying PGα21Ca was 47.63% in 1 hour of reaction, while that of quaternary ammonium tannate was 40.13% in 2 hours of reaction. Although the results appear to indicate the superior performance of PGα21Ca, it should be noted that the treatment with quaternary ammonium tannate also provided good results in reducing turbidity, COD, and apparent color, using a smaller dose of this coagulant and that its use may be more advantageous from an environmental point of view, due to its natural composition.
{"title":"Assessment of treatability of the Tietê River through a process of coagulation-flocculation associated with hydrodynamic cavitation and ozonation.","authors":"Valquíria Campos, Janaina M F Domingos, Marcelo A Nolasco, Leandro C DE Morais, Diego G Marques","doi":"10.1590/0001-3765202420230856","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202420230856","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As it flows through the city of São Paulo, the Tietê River receives heavy discharges of industrial effluents and domestic sewage, resulting from the city's continuous urban expansion and the inadequacy of its sanitary sewage system. This study focused on an analysis of the efficiency of PGα21Ca and quaternary ammonium tannate, water purification products, based on coagulation-flocculation and sedimentation tests, followed by treatment with a hydrodynamic cavitation reactor associated with ozonation in the treatment of Tietê River water. The removal of turbidity, apparent color, and chemical oxygen demand (COD) were evaluated. Jar testing assays were conducted, and the best turbidity removal rates were obtained with a concentration of 300 mg L-1 for PGα21Ca and 150 mg L-1 for quaternary ammonium tannate. The coagulation-flocculation treatment removed approximately 93% of turbidity for both coagulants. After combining coagulation-flocculation with hydrodynamic cavitation with ozonation, the final COD removal rate applying PGα21Ca was 47.63% in 1 hour of reaction, while that of quaternary ammonium tannate was 40.13% in 2 hours of reaction. Although the results appear to indicate the superior performance of PGα21Ca, it should be noted that the treatment with quaternary ammonium tannate also provided good results in reducing turbidity, COD, and apparent color, using a smaller dose of this coagulant and that its use may be more advantageous from an environmental point of view, due to its natural composition.</p>","PeriodicalId":7776,"journal":{"name":"Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142016153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-09eCollection Date: 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202420230570
Cindy T Falcón, Claudio José C Blanco, Diego C Estumano
The inverse problem method can be applied to determine the properties of hydrological phenomena and estimate the parameters, which cannot be measured directly. This type of inverse focus can facilitate the implementation of the kinematic wave model (direct model-DM), to fill gaps for lateral inflow rate and runoff depth in watersheds. Thus, the goal of the study was the application of the inverse problem method (IP). The lateral inflow rate was generally obtained as a Fourier transform to represent any watersheds. The study was developed using a small catchment in the Amazon where intense rainfall events occur, producing runoff and sediments, which affect rural populations. Lateral inflow rate and runoff depth were derived using precipitation data and parameters estimated through the KINEROS2 (K2)/direct model (DM) model and the ensuing solution methods with MCMC (Markov chains Monte Carlo)/Fourier transform. The developed method was applied to four rainfall-runoff events, leading to a good fit between the observed and predicted data (Nash-Sutcliffe coefficients between 0.76 and 0.85 and RMSE values between 1.80 mm and 6.72 mm).
{"title":"Parameter Estimation Using the Inverse Problem Method for Simulating Lateral Inflow and Runoff Depth in a small catchment of Amazon.","authors":"Cindy T Falcón, Claudio José C Blanco, Diego C Estumano","doi":"10.1590/0001-3765202420230570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202420230570","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The inverse problem method can be applied to determine the properties of hydrological phenomena and estimate the parameters, which cannot be measured directly. This type of inverse focus can facilitate the implementation of the kinematic wave model (direct model-DM), to fill gaps for lateral inflow rate and runoff depth in watersheds. Thus, the goal of the study was the application of the inverse problem method (IP). The lateral inflow rate was generally obtained as a Fourier transform to represent any watersheds. The study was developed using a small catchment in the Amazon where intense rainfall events occur, producing runoff and sediments, which affect rural populations. Lateral inflow rate and runoff depth were derived using precipitation data and parameters estimated through the KINEROS2 (K2)/direct model (DM) model and the ensuing solution methods with MCMC (Markov chains Monte Carlo)/Fourier transform. The developed method was applied to four rainfall-runoff events, leading to a good fit between the observed and predicted data (Nash-Sutcliffe coefficients between 0.76 and 0.85 and RMSE values between 1.80 mm and 6.72 mm).</p>","PeriodicalId":7776,"journal":{"name":"Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141974913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-09eCollection Date: 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202420230420
Soraya Morales-López, Lisahidy Macías, Danna Elles, Jayr Yepes
Candida albicans is the most common agent in human fungal infections; nevertheless, in the last decades, the closely related yeasts Candida dubliniensis and Candida africana have emerged as pathogens. The purpose of this study was to compare tobacco agar with another five agars prepared from plant extracts (Origanum vulgare, Rosmarinus officinalis, Solanum rudepannum, Solanum oblongifolium and Brugmansia arborea) on the differentiation of C. albicans complex. The hyphae and chlamyconidia formation and the color and margin of the colonies of 200 clinical isolates of C. albicans, C. dubliniensis and C. africana were evaluated. After seven days of incubation at 28 °C, Tobacco agar, S. rudepannum and B. arborea agars allowed the differentiation of 100 % C. dubliniensis. Additionally, 24% of C. africana isolates produced brownish colonies in the medium prepared from Rosmarinus officinalis (rosemary) extract. These results indicate that S. rudepannun, B. arborea and rosemary agar could be used as screening for the phenotypic differentiation between the species of C. albicans complex. Rosemary agar could be used to aid in the differentiation of C. albicans from C. africana. These culture media based on plants, could be used as simple and inexpensive screening methods in the phenotypic differentiation of C. dubliniensis and C. africana.
{"title":"Unusual plant-extract based media for the differentiation between species in the Candida albicans complex: A comparative study.","authors":"Soraya Morales-López, Lisahidy Macías, Danna Elles, Jayr Yepes","doi":"10.1590/0001-3765202420230420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202420230420","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Candida albicans is the most common agent in human fungal infections; nevertheless, in the last decades, the closely related yeasts Candida dubliniensis and Candida africana have emerged as pathogens. The purpose of this study was to compare tobacco agar with another five agars prepared from plant extracts (Origanum vulgare, Rosmarinus officinalis, Solanum rudepannum, Solanum oblongifolium and Brugmansia arborea) on the differentiation of C. albicans complex. The hyphae and chlamyconidia formation and the color and margin of the colonies of 200 clinical isolates of C. albicans, C. dubliniensis and C. africana were evaluated. After seven days of incubation at 28 °C, Tobacco agar, S. rudepannum and B. arborea agars allowed the differentiation of 100 % C. dubliniensis. Additionally, 24% of C. africana isolates produced brownish colonies in the medium prepared from Rosmarinus officinalis (rosemary) extract. These results indicate that S. rudepannun, B. arborea and rosemary agar could be used as screening for the phenotypic differentiation between the species of C. albicans complex. Rosemary agar could be used to aid in the differentiation of C. albicans from C. africana. These culture media based on plants, could be used as simple and inexpensive screening methods in the phenotypic differentiation of C. dubliniensis and C. africana.</p>","PeriodicalId":7776,"journal":{"name":"Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142016114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-05eCollection Date: 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202420230496
Ronaldo S DA Silva, Jean Carlo G Ortega, Tiago Ricardo F Jacó, Guilherme S Cabral, Fabiano Corrêa, Lucena R Virgilio, Luciano F A Montag
The Amazon floodplain is home to an extremely high diversity of fish, with lakes playing an important role in the establishment of this biological richness. These lacustrine environments are subject to constant fluctuations caused by the annual flood pulse, with local factors and other regional patterns also contributing to the variation in fish community structure. The present study verified how local (depth and transparency of the water, the size and species composition of the macrophyte stands) and regional factors (spatial distribution of the stands and the hydrological phase) influence the structure of the fish community of the floodplain lakes of the Môa River, in northern Brazil. Fish species richness was influenced by the depth of the water and the spatial distribution of the macrophyte stands. Fish species composition was influenced by local environmental variables, spatial structure, and the hydrological phase. However, variation partitioning indicated that only the hydrological phase explained the variation in fish composition. These findings indicate that the local environment, the spatial structure, and the hydrological phase drive changes in the structure of the fish communities associated with aquatic macrophytes in the floodplain lakes of the Amazon basin.
{"title":"Effect of local and regional factors on the structure of the fish communities associated with aquatic macrophyte stands in oxbow lakes on the Amazon floodplain.","authors":"Ronaldo S DA Silva, Jean Carlo G Ortega, Tiago Ricardo F Jacó, Guilherme S Cabral, Fabiano Corrêa, Lucena R Virgilio, Luciano F A Montag","doi":"10.1590/0001-3765202420230496","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202420230496","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Amazon floodplain is home to an extremely high diversity of fish, with lakes playing an important role in the establishment of this biological richness. These lacustrine environments are subject to constant fluctuations caused by the annual flood pulse, with local factors and other regional patterns also contributing to the variation in fish community structure. The present study verified how local (depth and transparency of the water, the size and species composition of the macrophyte stands) and regional factors (spatial distribution of the stands and the hydrological phase) influence the structure of the fish community of the floodplain lakes of the Môa River, in northern Brazil. Fish species richness was influenced by the depth of the water and the spatial distribution of the macrophyte stands. Fish species composition was influenced by local environmental variables, spatial structure, and the hydrological phase. However, variation partitioning indicated that only the hydrological phase explained the variation in fish composition. These findings indicate that the local environment, the spatial structure, and the hydrological phase drive changes in the structure of the fish communities associated with aquatic macrophytes in the floodplain lakes of the Amazon basin.</p>","PeriodicalId":7776,"journal":{"name":"Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141896552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-05eCollection Date: 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202420231185
Sabine B Rocha, Carlos Eduardo V Grou, Carlos Rouco
To address urban turtle sampling challenges, we presented Hookless fishing with clip, a cost-effective method for sampling this important group. Effectiveness, biases and potential advantages were analysed in comparison to two commonly used methods (funnel trap and hand capture). Fieldwork was conducted between August and November/2021 in four areas in Brazil, using the three methods simultaneously. A total of 195 turtles from four species (Phrynops geoffroanus, Hydromedusa tectifera, Trachemys dorbigni and T. scripta elegans) were captured. Funnel trap demonstrate a significantly higher capture than hand capture, while Hookless fishing showed no significant difference in captures compared to funnel trap. The highest catch per unit effort values were observed for the new method (0.37) and the funnel trap (0.34). Despite being widely used, funnel traps were the only method to exhibit male bias. Our findings revealed that Hookless fishing with clip exhibited remarkable capture efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and ease of transport and utilization; however, it requires operator presence. Nevertheless, the proposed method, both as the primary or auxiliary approach, appears efficient in enhancing captures and reducing costs and risks. This innovative method has the potential to assist researchers studying omnivorous and carnivores freshwater turtles in environments worldwide, especially in human settlements.
为了应对城市海龟采样的挑战,我们提出了一种经济有效的采样方法--带夹子的无钩捕鱼法。与两种常用方法(漏斗诱捕和人工捕捉)相比,我们分析了其有效性、偏差和潜在优势。2021 年 8 月至 11 月期间,在巴西的四个地区同时使用这三种方法进行了实地考察。共捕获了四个物种(Phrynops geoffroanus、Hydromedusa tectifera、Trachemys dorbigni 和 T. scripta elegans)的 195 只海龟。漏斗诱捕器的捕获量明显高于人工捕获,而无钩捕捞与漏斗诱捕器的捕获量相比没有明显差异。新方法(0.37)和漏斗诱捕器(0.34)的单位努力捕获量最高。尽管漏斗诱捕法被广泛使用,但它是唯一表现出雄性偏向的方法。我们的研究结果表明,用夹子进行无钩捕捞具有显著的捕获效率、成本效益以及易于运输和使用,但需要操作人员在场。尽管如此,建议的方法无论是作为主要方法还是辅助方法,在提高捕获效率、降低成本和风险方面似乎都很有效。这种创新方法有望帮助研究人员在全球范围内,尤其是在人类居住区研究杂食性和肉食性淡水龟。
{"title":"A novel approach to urban turtle sampling: Assessing Hookless Fishing with clip and two conventional methods.","authors":"Sabine B Rocha, Carlos Eduardo V Grou, Carlos Rouco","doi":"10.1590/0001-3765202420231185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202420231185","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To address urban turtle sampling challenges, we presented Hookless fishing with clip, a cost-effective method for sampling this important group. Effectiveness, biases and potential advantages were analysed in comparison to two commonly used methods (funnel trap and hand capture). Fieldwork was conducted between August and November/2021 in four areas in Brazil, using the three methods simultaneously. A total of 195 turtles from four species (Phrynops geoffroanus, Hydromedusa tectifera, Trachemys dorbigni and T. scripta elegans) were captured. Funnel trap demonstrate a significantly higher capture than hand capture, while Hookless fishing showed no significant difference in captures compared to funnel trap. The highest catch per unit effort values were observed for the new method (0.37) and the funnel trap (0.34). Despite being widely used, funnel traps were the only method to exhibit male bias. Our findings revealed that Hookless fishing with clip exhibited remarkable capture efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and ease of transport and utilization; however, it requires operator presence. Nevertheless, the proposed method, both as the primary or auxiliary approach, appears efficient in enhancing captures and reducing costs and risks. This innovative method has the potential to assist researchers studying omnivorous and carnivores freshwater turtles in environments worldwide, especially in human settlements.</p>","PeriodicalId":7776,"journal":{"name":"Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141896529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}