The zinc oxide thin films were prepared by spray pyrolysis method. The films were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy techniques. The annealing treatment at 300 ± 30 °C for 15 and 30 hours improved the crystallinity of the film and also led to a homogeneous film surface. The O2 gas sensing properties of the zinc oxide thin film were studied by investigating the variation of the electrical resistance of the film as a function of O2 partial pressure at various temperatures. The gas sensing property was found to depend on the film characteristics in regard to its state of crystallinity and surface conditions. The gas sensing property was also dependent on the temperature at which the sensing was done. The optimum oxygen gas sensivity was obtained when the temperature of the zinc oxide sensor was maintained at 400 °C. The study reveals that sprayed zinc oxide thin films may be used as a low cost solid state oxygen gas sensor.
{"title":"Investigation on Synthesis, Characterization, and Electronic Behaviour of Zinc Oxide Thin Films in Relation to Fabrication of Oxygen Gas Sensor","authors":"S. Arya, O. Srivastava","doi":"10.1002/CRAT.2170230518","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/CRAT.2170230518","url":null,"abstract":"The zinc oxide thin films were prepared by spray pyrolysis method. The films were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy techniques. The annealing treatment at 300 ± 30 °C for 15 and 30 hours improved the crystallinity of the film and also led to a homogeneous film surface. The O2 gas sensing properties of the zinc oxide thin film were studied by investigating the variation of the electrical resistance of the film as a function of O2 partial pressure at various temperatures. The gas sensing property was found to depend on the film characteristics in regard to its state of crystallinity and surface conditions. The gas sensing property was also dependent on the temperature at which the sensing was done. The optimum oxygen gas sensivity was obtained when the temperature of the zinc oxide sensor was maintained at 400 °C. The study reveals that sprayed zinc oxide thin films may be used as a low cost solid state oxygen gas sensor.","PeriodicalId":78140,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin / Atlantic-Cape May County Dental Society","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86068386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The structural, optical and electrical behaviour of MnS under high pressure was investigated. For X-ray investigations and optical observations a gasketed diamond anvil cell was used. Measurements of the electrical conductivity were performed in a Bridgman opposed-anvil apparatus. A structural phase transition at 7.2 GPa from the cubic α-phase (NaCl-type) to the B16-type structure (GeS-type) was detected by X-ray investigations and confirmed by optical observations. Measurements of the electrical conductivity showed a linear decreasing electrical gap energy in dependence on pressure. Es wurde das strukturelle, optische und elektrische Verhalten von MnS unter Druck untersucht. Fur die Rontgenuntersuchungen und die optische Beobachtung wurde eine gasketierte Diamantstempelkammer verwendet. Die Messung der elektrischen Leitfahigkeit wurde in einer Bridgman-Flachstempelapparatur durchgefuhrt. Ein struktureller Phasenubergang bei 7.2 GPa von der kubischen α-Phase (NaCl-Typ) in die B16-Struktur (GeS-Typ) wurde durch Rontgenuntersuchungen festgestellt und durch optische Beobachtungen bestatigt. Die Messung der elektrischen Leitfahigkeit zeigte eine lineare Abnahme der elektrischen Gap-Energie in Abhangigkeit vom Druck.
研究了MnS在高压下的结构、光学和电学行为。用于x射线调查和光学观察，使用了衬垫金刚石砧细胞。电导率的测量是在布里奇曼对置铁砧装置中进行的。在7.2 GPa时，x射线检测到立方α-相(nacl型)结构向b16型(ges型)结构转变，光学观测证实了这一转变。电导率的测量表明，电隙能随压力呈线性下降。在Druck untersucht的指导下，对MnS的结构、光学和电气进行了分析。1 .在金刚石衬垫加工工艺上，采用金刚石衬垫加工工艺。电子通信技术的发展与发展:电子通信技术的发展。in struktureller Phasenubergang bei 7.2 GPa von der kubischen α-Phase (nacl - type) in die B16-Struktur (ges - type) wurde durch Rontgenuntersuchungen festgestellt and durch optische Beobachtungen bestatigt。德国德国德国德国德国德国德国德国德国德国德国德国德国德国德国
{"title":"High Pressure Phase Transformation in MnS","authors":"A. Kraft, B. Greuling","doi":"10.1002/CRAT.2170230504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/CRAT.2170230504","url":null,"abstract":"The structural, optical and electrical behaviour of MnS under high pressure was investigated. For X-ray investigations and optical observations a gasketed diamond anvil cell was used. Measurements of the electrical conductivity were performed in a Bridgman opposed-anvil apparatus. A structural phase transition at 7.2 GPa from the cubic α-phase (NaCl-type) to the B16-type structure (GeS-type) was detected by X-ray investigations and confirmed by optical observations. Measurements of the electrical conductivity showed a linear decreasing electrical gap energy in dependence on pressure. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Es wurde das strukturelle, optische und elektrische Verhalten von MnS unter Druck untersucht. Fur die Rontgenuntersuchungen und die optische Beobachtung wurde eine gasketierte Diamantstempelkammer verwendet. Die Messung der elektrischen Leitfahigkeit wurde in einer Bridgman-Flachstempelapparatur durchgefuhrt. Ein struktureller Phasenubergang bei 7.2 GPa von der kubischen α-Phase (NaCl-Typ) in die B16-Struktur (GeS-Typ) wurde durch Rontgenuntersuchungen festgestellt und durch optische Beobachtungen bestatigt. Die Messung der elektrischen Leitfahigkeit zeigte eine lineare Abnahme der elektrischen Gap-Energie in Abhangigkeit vom Druck.","PeriodicalId":78140,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin / Atlantic-Cape May County Dental Society","volume":"162 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76597527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present paper is concerned with an extremly anisotropic two-step patterning process for Mo2Si/poly-Si double layers with an etch-stop on thick P-doped CVD-SiO2. As etching gas Cl2/CF4/O2 and Cl2/CF4 are used. By means of etch rate dependencies, volatilities of possible reaction products and results, obtained from the literature it is attempted to develop a simple qualitative model on the chemism of the process. Der Artikel beschreibt einen auserst anisotropen plasmachemischen Zwei-Phasen-Strukturierungsprozes fur MoSi/poly-Si-Doppelschichten mit Atzstopp auf diekem P-dotiertem CVD-SiO2. Als Atzgase werden Cl2/CF4 und Cl2/CF4/O2 verwendet. Anhand von Atzratenabhangigkeiten, Fluchtigkeiten moglicher Reaktionsprodukte und Ergebnissen aus der Literatur wird versucht, ein einfaches qualitatives Modell zum Chemismus des Prozesses zu entwickeln.
{"title":"Characterization of Plasma Etching of Molybdenum Polycid Conductor Stacks in Cl2/CF4 and Cl2/CF4/O2","authors":"R. Handke, G. Lippert","doi":"10.1002/CRAT.2170230525","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/CRAT.2170230525","url":null,"abstract":"The present paper is concerned with an extremly anisotropic two-step patterning process for Mo2Si/poly-Si double layers with an etch-stop on thick P-doped CVD-SiO2. As etching gas Cl2/CF4/O2 and Cl2/CF4 are used. By means of etch rate dependencies, volatilities of possible reaction products and results, obtained from the literature it is attempted to develop a simple qualitative model on the chemism of the process. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Der Artikel beschreibt einen auserst anisotropen plasmachemischen Zwei-Phasen-Strukturierungsprozes fur MoSi/poly-Si-Doppelschichten mit Atzstopp auf diekem P-dotiertem CVD-SiO2. Als Atzgase werden Cl2/CF4 und Cl2/CF4/O2 verwendet. Anhand von Atzratenabhangigkeiten, Fluchtigkeiten moglicher Reaktionsprodukte und Ergebnissen aus der Literatur wird versucht, ein einfaches qualitatives Modell zum Chemismus des Prozesses zu entwickeln.","PeriodicalId":78140,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin / Atlantic-Cape May County Dental Society","volume":"103 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85857306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. S. Madoyan, O. A. Khachaturyan, S. Grigoryan, A. I. Gabrielyan
The growth kinetics of LiNbO3 films from a limited volume of melt solution is observed. We developed crystallization models describing the character of mass transfer in the liquid phase for isothermal and non-isothermal epitaxy. Analytical expressions have been derived connecting the film thickness with the system growth parameters. The experimental values being in good agreement with the calculated ones. [Russian Text ignored]
{"title":"Crystallization Kinetics of Lithium Niobate Films from Limited Volume of Melt Solution","authors":"R. S. Madoyan, O. A. Khachaturyan, S. Grigoryan, A. I. Gabrielyan","doi":"10.1002/CRAT.2170230507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/CRAT.2170230507","url":null,"abstract":"The growth kinetics of LiNbO3 films from a limited volume of melt solution is observed. We developed crystallization models describing the character of mass transfer in the liquid phase for isothermal and non-isothermal epitaxy. Analytical expressions have been derived connecting the film thickness with the system growth parameters. The experimental values being in good agreement with the calculated ones. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000[Russian Text ignored]","PeriodicalId":78140,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin / Atlantic-Cape May County Dental Society","volume":"79 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87097635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Editorial. This was the dawning of the age of Aquarius or you must have consent to dissent.","authors":"S D Freedman","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":78140,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin / Atlantic-Cape May County Dental Society","volume":"6 8","pages":"2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1970-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"16350713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Atlantic-Cape May County Dental Society membership 1970.","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":78140,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin / Atlantic-Cape May County Dental Society","volume":"6 8","pages":"6-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1970-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"16000703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An effective office organization is the key to a high collection percentage.","authors":"J G Marshall","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":78140,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin / Atlantic-Cape May County Dental Society","volume":"6 6","pages":"8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1970-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"16347905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The obligations of dentistry.","authors":"S D Freedman","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":78140,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin / Atlantic-Cape May County Dental Society","volume":"6 6","pages":"6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1970-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"16347901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Editorial. Medicaid.","authors":"S D Freedman","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":78140,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin / Atlantic-Cape May County Dental Society","volume":"6 6","pages":"2 passim"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1970-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"16347898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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