药物不良反应杂志最新文献

{"title":"Research progress on effectiveness and safety of approved coronavirus disease 2019 vaccines","authors":"S. Wang, H. Cai, D. Mei","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn114015-20210712-00783","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn114015-20210712-00783","url":null,"abstract":"Vaccine development and vaccination are the most effective means to prevent and control coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). At present, there are 4 types of COVID-19 vaccines approved for emergency use by the World Health Organization and approved conditionally for marketing and emergency use by State Drug Administration of China, including inactivated vaccine, recombinant protein subunit vaccine, messenger RNA vaccine, and adenovirus vector-based vaccine. Pre-marketing clinical studies show that the vaccines above-mentioned can effectively stimulate the body's immune system to produce antibodies against COVID-19, the overall safety is good. Most of the adverse events after vaccination are mild or moderate. However, COVID-19 vaccination involves a large number and wide range of people, and its safety problems can not be ignored. The medical workers and researchers should be on high alert and conduct long-term monitoring to ensure vaccine safety. Copyright © 2021 by the Chinese Medical Association.","PeriodicalId":7863,"journal":{"name":"药物不良反应杂志","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88161543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thoughts on vaccine hesitancy in the context of coronavirus disease 2019 epidemic","authors":"Z. Zhong, Q. Chen, R. Ma, Q. Qi, J. Li, J. Yang","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn114015-20210224-00213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn114015-20210224-00213","url":null,"abstract":"Vaccines have made great contributions to the prevention of infectious diseases, but vaccine hesitancy is widespread in the world. The reasons for vaccine hesitancy are complex, but the main reasons are the lack of public awareness of vaccine-preventable diseases and the lack of confidence in vaccine effectiveness and safety. In the context of the continuous spread of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic, boosting public confidence and ensuring the orderly development of the vaccination work of COVID-19 vaccines and conventional vaccines are necessary to curb the resurgence of the COVID-19 epidemic and prevent the outbreak of various infectious diseases in China. Under the current situation, the main measures to deal with vaccine hesitancy are to play the role of health care institutions, improve public health literacy, normalize the public opinion orientation of the media platform, strengthen the supervision of vaccine clinical research and production, and do a good job in surveillance and compensation for adverse events following immunization. Copyright © 2021 by the Chinese Medical Association.","PeriodicalId":7863,"journal":{"name":"药物不良反应杂志","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85933735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coronavirus disease 2019 vaccination in patients with chronic kidney diseases","authors":"H. Cai","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn114015-20210702-00739","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn114015-20210702-00739","url":null,"abstract":"Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are at high risk for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Government agencies or learned societies in many countries recommend prioritizing patients with CKD for COVID-19 vaccines. The immune response rate to the COVID-19 vaccines is lower in hemodialysis patients and kidney transplant recipients compared with that in healthy individuals, and increasing the number of vaccinations each member of these population may improve their immune response rate. There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions after vaccination between patients with CKD and healthy controls. Patients with stable CKD should be vaccinated against COVID-19 unless there were contraindications to vaccination. The mRNA vaccines, inactivated vaccines, and recombinant protein subunit vaccines are all safe for patients with CKD. Patients with CKD treated with rituximab or high-dose glucocorticoid need to weigh the benefits and risks before vaccination, and COVID-19 vaccines can be given when rituximab treatment ends for more than 6 months or after glucocorticoid reduction. Copyright © 2021 by the Chinese Medical Association.","PeriodicalId":7863,"journal":{"name":"药物不良反应杂志","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77777254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coronavirus disease 2019 vaccination in patients with autoimmune diseases","authors":"Y. Guan, F. Mu, W. Zhang, Y. Qiao, C. Wang, S. Chen, G. Guo, J. Wang","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn114015-20210702-00740","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn114015-20210702-00740","url":null,"abstract":"Benifits outweigh the risks for patients with autoimmune disease (AID) in remission period to be vaccinated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines. The mRNA vaccines, inactivated vaccines, and recombinant protein subunit vaccines are safe for AID patients, whereas the safety of recombinant adenovirus vector-based vaccines is still uncertain. Some drugs for the treatment of AID may reduce the immune response of the body to the COVID-19 vaccines and affect the immune efficacy of the vaccine, which may be related to the timing of vaccination. Based on several published relevant guidelines and recommendations for the COVID-19 vaccines in AID patients, this article elaborates on vaccination problems to be paid attention to in patients with AID treated with different drugs. Copyright © 2021 by the Chinese Medical Association.","PeriodicalId":7863,"journal":{"name":"药物不良反应杂志","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73299354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coronavirus disease 2019 vaccination in solid organ transplant recipients","authors":"Y. Wang, Y. Zhou, L. Yang, M. Gou, Y. Bian","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn114015-20210624-00707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn114015-20210624-00707","url":null,"abstract":"Solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients are a high-risk population for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and the safety and efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines in this population is of great concern. At present, the published studies on COVID-19 vaccines for SOT recipients are mainly about mRNA vaccines and there are a few cases reports on recombinant adenovirus vector-based vaccines. These results show that the COVID-19 vaccines are safe for the SOT recipients, but the immune response rates are lower and the incidence of vaccine breakthrough infections is higher than that in the general population. Based on the results of the current studies, SOT recipients can start to be vaccinated with COVID-19 vaccines 1 to 3 months after organ transplantation. Prevention of COVID-19 after vaccination is still necessary to avoid vaccine breakthrough infections. Copyright © 2021 by the Chinese Medical Association.","PeriodicalId":7863,"journal":{"name":"药物不良反应杂志","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89289732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coronavirus disease 2019 vaccination in cancer patients","authors":"Z. Tong, Yangang Xing, S. Jiang, X. Li, Mengming Michael Dong","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn114015-20210709-00772","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn114015-20210709-00772","url":null,"abstract":"Patients with cancer are at high risk for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Institutions for disease control and prevention and cancer-related learned societies in many countries recommend prioritizing cancer patients for COVID-19 vaccines. All the COVID-19 vaccines currently approved for emergency use, including inactivated vaccines, mRNA vaccines, recombinant adenovirus vector-based vaccines, and recombinant protein subunit vaccines, can be applied in cancer patients. Cancer patients with stable disease can be vaccinated against COVID-19 at any time, while patients with advanced-stage cancer or undergoing anticancer therapy should decide on the timing of vaccination according to the specific situation such as treatment methods and cancer type, etc.. The benefits of COVID-19 vaccination in cancer patients may outweigh the risks, but the immune response rate may be lower in cancer patients, especially in patients with haematological malignancies, than in healthy individuals. Copyright © 2021 by the Chinese Medical Association.","PeriodicalId":7863,"journal":{"name":"药物不良反应杂志","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87773524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical case analysis of novel coronavirus pneumonia complicated with pulmonary hypertension","authors":"Lianshuang Wang, L. Bai, Jing-Jin Yu, Liping Wang, Xuemei Wang, P. Xiang, Xuesong Gao, Yao Zhang","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.CN114015-20200509-00506","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.CN114015-20200509-00506","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To report the clinical features of pulmonary hypertension diagnosed by echocardiography in 5 patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) in order to understand the special clinical manifestations of COVID-19 and explore the possible mechanism. Method(s): The echocardiographic data and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients complicated with pulmonary hypertension diagnosed by echocardiography in Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University were analyzed descriptively from February 5 to March 31, 2020. Result(s): A total of 15 patients with severe and critical COVID-19 patients underwent echocardiography. Of them, 7 patients were diagnosed with pulmonary hypertension, 5 of which were confirmed as complications of COVID-19. Among the 5 patients, 4 were female and 1 was male, aged 62-78 years;4 were with hypertension, 3 were with diabetes, and 1 was with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease. All 5 critically ill patients with COVID-19 were given ventilator-assisted breathing, 2 of which were given extracorporeal membrane oxygenation at the same time. According to echocardiography, the systolic pressure of pulmonary artery in 5 patients was 43-65 mmHg, with an average of 54 mmHg. The severity of pulmonary hypertension was graded as mild in 1 patient and moderate in 4 patients. During the follow-up, pulmonary artery systolic pressure gradually decreased to normal in 4 patients, and then ventilator and ECMO were withdrawn;1 patient died due to respiratory failure and persistent pulmonary hypertension. Conclusion(s): Patients with COVID-19 may be complicated by pulmonary hypertension, which is often found in the critical patients. Echocardiography is an important imagingdiagnostic method for pulmonary hypertension in patients with COVID-19.Copyright © 2020 by the Chinese Medical Association.","PeriodicalId":7863,"journal":{"name":"药物不良反应杂志","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76647139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and safety of arbidol in the treatment of novel coronavirus pneumonia: a systematic review based on current and previous antiviral therapy","authors":"Yun Li, Yue-Xi Jin, Q. Ge, Fang Liu, Yinchu Cheng, Li Yang, Rongsheng Zhao","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.CN114015-20200608-00646","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.CN114015-20200608-00646","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of arbidol in the treatment of novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19). Method(s): Randomized controlled trials (RCTs), cohort studies, and case-control studies on the efficacy and safety of arbidol for COVID-19, influenza, andother respiratory virus infections were collected by searching related database at home and abroad and network platform for preprint of Health Science Papers (medRxiv) (up to April 25, 2020). Quality of the enrolled studies was evaluated by bias risk assessment tool of Cochrane collaboration network and Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Meta-analysis and descriptive analysis of relevant outcome indicators were performed using RevMan 5.3 software. Result(s): A total of 15 studies were enrolled in the study, including 7 cohort studies with high-quality and 8 RCTs, 6 of which were with low bias risk and the other 2 of which were with medium bias risk. Among these studies, 8 were on arbidol treatment for COVID-19, including 5 retrospective cohort studies, 2 prospective cohort studies, and 1 RCT, and involving 809 patients (479 patients in the arbidol group and 330 in the control group);7 were RCTs on arbidol treatment for influenza or other respiratory virus infections, involving 1 471 patients (745 patients in the arbidol group and 726 in the control group).In these studies, patients were treated with arbidol (0.15-1.2 g daily for 5-21 d) in the arbidol group while with the other antiviral agents or without any antiviral drug in the control group. Meta analysis on the efficacy and safety of arbidol in treatment for COVID-19 showed that the novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) nucleic acid negative conversion rate in the arbidol group was significantly higher than that in the control group [71.7% (109/152) vs. 58.8% (94/160), relative risk (RR)=1.30, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.01-1.67, P=0.04];the difference of time taken for 2019-nCoV nucleic acid negative conversion between the 2 groups was not statistically significant (standardized mean difference=-0.17, 95%CI: -0.72-0.38, P=0.55);the difference of disease improvement rate shown by chest CT on day 7 after treatment between the 2 groups was not statistically significant [46.2% (30/65) vs. 50.7% (36/71), RR=0.88, 95%CI: 0.39-1.98, P=0.76];and the difference of incidence of adverse reactions between the 2 groups was not statistically significant [16.9% (39/231) vs. 19.2% (47/245), risk difference (RD)=-0.03, 95%CI: -0.10-0.04, P=0.44]. Meta analysis on the safety of arbidol in treatment for influenza and other respiratory virus infections showed that the incidence of adverse reactions in the arbidol group was significantly lower than that in the control group [5.9% (44/745) vs. 11.3% (82/726), RR=0.52, 95%CI: 0.37-0.74, P<0.01]. Conclusion(s): Arbidol could effectively increase the 2019-nCoV nucleic acid negative conversion rate and it might be safe to treat COVID-19 using arbidol.Copyright © 2020 by the Chinese Medical As","PeriodicalId":7863,"journal":{"name":"药物不良反应杂志","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89808879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research progress in antiviral therapy for novel coronavirus pneumonia","authors":"Jinghang Xu, R. Liang, Yanyan Yu","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.CN114015-20200516-00539","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.CN114015-20200516-00539","url":null,"abstract":"Since the outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19), a number of clinical studies have been carried out globally in order to explore efficacy and safety of drugs for novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV). These studies were mainly focused on drugs with anti-2019-nCoV activity tested in vitro and those previously used for the treatment of SARS and Middle East respiratory syndrome, including remdesivir, lopinavir/ritonavir, chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, arbidol, interferon, ribavirin, and etc. The recent clinical studies on anti-2019-nCoV drugs are reviewed in this article, but the current research results are inconsistent, which are insufficient to constitute evidence for the efficacy and safety of these drugs in the treatment of COVID-19. In the absence of specific antiviral agents, remdesivir can be a treatment option for patients with critical illness or rapid progress. Some clinical studies are still in progress. We are looking forward to more large-scale and multicenter clinical trials to provide safe and effective evidence for antiviral treatment in the future.Copyright © 2020 by the Chinese Medical Association.","PeriodicalId":7863,"journal":{"name":"药物不良反应杂志","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75135905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thoughts on rational use of antibacterial drugs in the treatment of novel coronavirus pneumonia","authors":"Miaolei Zhou, Le He","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.CN114015-20200305-00221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.CN114015-20200305-00221","url":null,"abstract":"新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）的患者中一些病例合并细菌和/或真菌感染，但实际中，使用抗菌药物的比例较高。我国《新型冠状病毒肺炎诊疗方案》中指出：\"避免盲目或不恰当使用抗菌药物，尤其是联合使用广谱抗菌药物\"。本文根据以往在严重急性呼吸综合征、中东呼吸综合征治疗中的经验和目前发表的COVID-19相关文献中细菌和真菌感染以及抗菌药物应用的情况，提出在COVID-19治疗中抗菌药物的应用应遵循以下原则：（1）对尚未确诊的患者在病因不明且不能排除细菌感染时，可短期经验性使用抗菌药物；（2）对已经确诊的COVID-19患者，在没有细菌感染证据的情况下应避免预防性使用抗菌药物；（3）有医院内感染证据的COVID-19患者应根据病原学检查，选择适当的抗菌药物。","PeriodicalId":7863,"journal":{"name":"药物不良反应杂志","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79347555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}