M. Radchenko, V. Trotsenko, A. O. Butenko, І.M. Masyk, Z. Hlupak, O. Pshychenko, N. Terokhina, V. Rozhko, O. Karpenko
{"title":"Adaptation of various maize hybrids when grown for biomass","authors":"M. Radchenko, V. Trotsenko, A. O. Butenko, І.M. Masyk, Z. Hlupak, O. Pshychenko, N. Terokhina, V. Rozhko, O. Karpenko","doi":"10.32782/ar.22.028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32782/ar.22.028","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7924,"journal":{"name":"Agronomy research","volume":"1218 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70105068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Growing crops under artificial conditions need a very favourable environment, especially the spectral composition of radiation influencing the plant biometry greatly. The study objective was to find how to assess the closeness of real growing conditions to the optimal ones using a single coefficient, which would reflect several time dependencies of individual growth indicators. The plant growth friendliness factor (KG)was proposed for this purpose. Tomato transplants (Lycopersicon Esculentum Mill., ‘Polonaise F1’) were grown in a peat substrate under two lighting systems with different light quality.One system consisted of eight fluorescent lamps OSRAM L58W / 840 LUMILUX Cool White and eight lamps L58W / 77 FLUORA mounted on the standardframe, alternating the lamp types (Type I spectrum).In theother lighting system, the PCB Star LEDs with wavelengths of red 630 nm and far-red 735 nm were added(Type II spectrum). The irradiance level was maintained at 140 μmol m s, the photoperiod was 16 h. The ratio of long-wave flux to the total flux KL was calculated for these lighting systems (0.37 rel.units for Type I spectrum and 0.50 rel.units for Type II spectrum) and KG factor was determined by the proposed formula. The value ofKG was found to be twice as small for Type I spectrumthan for Type II spectrum. The significant difference in biometric parameters of tomato transplants grown under Type I and Type II spectrawas revealed. The plants grown in the environment characterized by higher KG, were higher; they had more significantwet mass and stem neck diameter.
{"title":"New assessment tool for artificial plant lighting: case of tomato (Lycopersicon Esculentum Mill.)","authors":"S. Rakutko, K. Berzina, A. Avotiņš, I. Alsina","doi":"10.15159/AR.20.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15159/AR.20.005","url":null,"abstract":"Growing crops under artificial conditions need a very favourable environment, especially the spectral composition of radiation influencing the plant biometry greatly. The study objective was to find how to assess the closeness of real growing conditions to the optimal ones using a single coefficient, which would reflect several time dependencies of individual growth indicators. The plant growth friendliness factor (KG)was proposed for this purpose. Tomato transplants (Lycopersicon Esculentum Mill., ‘Polonaise F1’) were grown in a peat substrate under two lighting systems with different light quality.One system consisted of eight fluorescent lamps OSRAM L58W / 840 LUMILUX Cool White and eight lamps L58W / 77 FLUORA mounted on the standardframe, alternating the lamp types (Type I spectrum).In theother lighting system, the PCB Star LEDs with wavelengths of red 630 nm and far-red 735 nm were added(Type II spectrum). The irradiance level was maintained at 140 μmol m s, the photoperiod was 16 h. The ratio of long-wave flux to the total flux KL was calculated for these lighting systems (0.37 rel.units for Type I spectrum and 0.50 rel.units for Type II spectrum) and KG factor was determined by the proposed formula. The value ofKG was found to be twice as small for Type I spectrumthan for Type II spectrum. The significant difference in biometric parameters of tomato transplants grown under Type I and Type II spectrawas revealed. The plants grown in the environment characterized by higher KG, were higher; they had more significantwet mass and stem neck diameter.","PeriodicalId":7924,"journal":{"name":"Agronomy research","volume":"18 1","pages":"507-515"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66968191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Kostetska, O. Ulianych, K. Shevchuk, S. Shchetyna, G. Slobodyanyk, N. Vorobiova
The use of absorbents from Maximarin for growing spinach contributed to its faster germination, increased plant growth and development, and resulted in an increase in yields of commodity products by 2.0–6.1 t ha and an increase in chemical composition. The use of absorbents in open ground for spinach made it possible to obtain the highest amount of contingent net profit for making the drug Maximarin in the form of a gel and the company Eco – with small granules, and in the Krasen Polissia variety – 2,160 and 2,102 USD ha, in the Malakhit variety for introduction the drug Maximarin in the form of a gel 1,949 USD ha and the company Eco absorbent with potassium – 1,575 USD ha. Profitability for the Matador variety has reached 75%, Malakhit grade – 69–75%, Keb – 3.0–3.2. It was established that in the closed ground application of the drug Maximarin in the form of gel and granules for spinach made it possible to obtain the highest amount of contingent net profit, which was Matador 3,079 and 3,025 USD ha, in the Malakhit variety for the introduction of gel 4,304 USD ha and granules – 4,245 USD ha. Profitability for the use of drugs for the Krasenʹ Polissia variety reached 84–77%, Malakhit – 118–116 %, the bioenergy efficiency ratio – 3.0–3.3.
{"title":"Growth and yield of spinach depending on absorbents' action.","authors":"K. Kostetska, O. Ulianych, K. Shevchuk, S. Shchetyna, G. Slobodyanyk, N. Vorobiova","doi":"10.15159/AR.20.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15159/AR.20.012","url":null,"abstract":"The use of absorbents from Maximarin for growing spinach contributed to its faster germination, increased plant growth and development, and resulted in an increase in yields of commodity products by 2.0–6.1 t ha and an increase in chemical composition. The use of absorbents in open ground for spinach made it possible to obtain the highest amount of contingent net profit for making the drug Maximarin in the form of a gel and the company Eco – with small granules, and in the Krasen Polissia variety – 2,160 and 2,102 USD ha, in the Malakhit variety for introduction the drug Maximarin in the form of a gel 1,949 USD ha and the company Eco absorbent with potassium – 1,575 USD ha. Profitability for the Matador variety has reached 75%, Malakhit grade – 69–75%, Keb – 3.0–3.2. It was established that in the closed ground application of the drug Maximarin in the form of gel and granules for spinach made it possible to obtain the highest amount of contingent net profit, which was Matador 3,079 and 3,025 USD ha, in the Malakhit variety for the introduction of gel 4,304 USD ha and granules – 4,245 USD ha. Profitability for the use of drugs for the Krasenʹ Polissia variety reached 84–77%, Malakhit – 118–116 %, the bioenergy efficiency ratio – 3.0–3.3.","PeriodicalId":7924,"journal":{"name":"Agronomy research","volume":"18 1","pages":"619-627"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66968210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Hlisnikovský, L. Menšík, P. Barłóg, E. Kunzová, M. Vach
We evaluated the efficiency (the netto agronomic efficiency – NAE, the physiological efficiency – PE, and the apparent recovery efficiency – ARE) of farmyard manure (FYM) applied alone, and together with mineral N (FYM+N), and NPK (FYM+NPK), on the biomass production of silage maize at three localities (Caslav, Ivanovice, Lukavec) in the Czech Republic, characterised by different soil-climate conditions. The effect of fertilizer treatment on soil chemical properties was also analyzed. After four years of evaluation, the application of FYM resulted in comparable biomass production as in the FYM+N, and FYM+NPK treatments, showing the good ability of the mineralized FYM to provide enough nutrients during the growing season. Increasing doses of applied nutrients were connected with higher biomass production. However, no significant differences were recorded between fertilizer treatments. The efficiency of applied nutrients was higher on soils of worst quality (sandy loamy Cambisol – Lukavec), while lower on naturally fertile loamy degraded Chernozem (Ivanovice). But again, no significant differences between the selected parameters were recorded. Although the application of mineral fertilizers has not increased maize biomass yield significantly, they positively affected soil chemical properties, mainly the soil concentration of P, K, Mg, and soil organic carbon content. This shows the beneficial effect of the application of mineral fertilizers, especially in the Czech Republic, where the application of mineral P and K decreased drastically during the last thirty years.
{"title":"Biomass yield of silage maize, fertilizers efficiency, and soil properties under different soil-climate conditions and fertilizer treatments.","authors":"L. Hlisnikovský, L. Menšík, P. Barłóg, E. Kunzová, M. Vach","doi":"10.15159/AR.20.017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15159/AR.20.017","url":null,"abstract":"We evaluated the efficiency (the netto agronomic efficiency – NAE, the physiological efficiency – PE, and the apparent recovery efficiency – ARE) of farmyard manure (FYM) applied alone, and together with mineral N (FYM+N), and NPK (FYM+NPK), on the biomass production of silage maize at three localities (Caslav, Ivanovice, Lukavec) in the Czech Republic, characterised by different soil-climate conditions. The effect of fertilizer treatment on soil chemical properties was also analyzed. After four years of evaluation, the application of FYM resulted in comparable biomass production as in the FYM+N, and FYM+NPK treatments, showing the good ability of the mineralized FYM to provide enough nutrients during the growing season. Increasing doses of applied nutrients were connected with higher biomass production. However, no significant differences were recorded between fertilizer treatments. The efficiency of applied nutrients was higher on soils of worst quality (sandy loamy Cambisol – Lukavec), while lower on naturally fertile loamy degraded Chernozem (Ivanovice). But again, no significant differences between the selected parameters were recorded. Although the application of mineral fertilizers has not increased maize biomass yield significantly, they positively affected soil chemical properties, mainly the soil concentration of P, K, Mg, and soil organic carbon content. This shows the beneficial effect of the application of mineral fertilizers, especially in the Czech Republic, where the application of mineral P and K decreased drastically during the last thirty years.","PeriodicalId":7924,"journal":{"name":"Agronomy research","volume":"18 1","pages":"88-99"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66968245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Sosnowski, E. Zdun, J. Skrzyczyńska, K. Jankowski, J. Novák, M. Truba
The aim of the experiment was to study the effects of foliar application of a growth regulator containing iodine nanoparticles, with the trade name of Stymjod, on morphometrics, photosynthetic activity and chlorophyll content of Dactylis glomerate L. The following parameters were determined: the weight of fresh and dry matter of plants, leaves and roots, the number of shoots and leaves, potential (FV/Fm) and effective ( F/F ) quantum efficiency of photosystem, photochemical (qP) and non-photochemical (qN) quenching, as well as chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b content in leaf blades. The pot experiment was carried out in a breeding room. Stymjod was applied at 1.5%, 3% and 4.5% concentrations in the spray solution. It is a nanotechnology-based growth regulator, with easily assimilable forms of mineral and organic ingredients, favorably affecting plant ontogenesis. Plants were treated twice with a single dose of 50 mL of spray per pot. They were sprayed till they were completely covered with the liquid. Distilled water was used to spray control plants. The results were statistically processed using analysis of variance, while the significance of the differences between means was determined with Tukey's test with P = 0.05. In the experiment it was found that different concentrations of Stymjod in the spray resulted in different response of plants. The best morphological effects were obtained using the concentration of the product exceeding 3%. In the test conditions Stymjod applied to D. glomerata increased the efficiency of the photosynthetic apparatus and the content of chlorophyll pigments.
{"title":"Morpho-physiological effects of Stymjod foliar application on Dactylis glomerata L.","authors":"J. Sosnowski, E. Zdun, J. Skrzyczyńska, K. Jankowski, J. Novák, M. Truba","doi":"10.15159/AR.20.020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15159/AR.20.020","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the experiment was to study the effects of foliar application of a growth regulator containing iodine nanoparticles, with the trade name of Stymjod, on morphometrics, photosynthetic activity and chlorophyll content of Dactylis glomerate L. The following parameters were determined: the weight of fresh and dry matter of plants, leaves and roots, the number of shoots and leaves, potential (FV/Fm) and effective ( F/F ) quantum efficiency of photosystem, photochemical (qP) and non-photochemical (qN) quenching, as well as chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b content in leaf blades. The pot experiment was carried out in a breeding room. Stymjod was applied at 1.5%, 3% and 4.5% concentrations in the spray solution. It is a nanotechnology-based growth regulator, with easily assimilable forms of mineral and organic ingredients, favorably affecting plant ontogenesis. Plants were treated twice with a single dose of 50 mL of spray per pot. They were sprayed till they were completely covered with the liquid. Distilled water was used to spray control plants. The results were statistically processed using analysis of variance, while the significance of the differences between means was determined with Tukey's test with P = 0.05. In the experiment it was found that different concentrations of Stymjod in the spray resulted in different response of plants. The best morphological effects were obtained using the concentration of the product exceeding 3%. In the test conditions Stymjod applied to D. glomerata increased the efficiency of the photosynthetic apparatus and the content of chlorophyll pigments.","PeriodicalId":7924,"journal":{"name":"Agronomy research","volume":"18 1","pages":"1036-1045"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66968298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Ramata-Stunda, V. Valkovska, A. Borodušķe, B. Silamikele, E. Kaktiņa, N. Rostoks, M. Borodušķis, D. Livkisa, A. Pentjuss
Blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) is increasingly cultivated to produce high quality berries for consumption and potential applications in medicine, nutrition and as industrial precursors. Seasonal availability sets limitations on chemical compound isolation from cultivated plants. Biotechnological solutions, such as tissue cultures and metabolic engineering, can provide sufficient amounts of plant material with reasonably high metabolite levels, which may be adjusted by different strategies. Here, we describe our approach to modifying total phenolic content (TPC), antiradical activity (ARA) and amounts of selected organic acids in in vitro cultures of two varieties of V. corymbosum by varying the growth media. TPC, ARA and acid levels were determined in mature leaves of field-grown plants and in stable callus cultures derived from leaves of varieties ‘Bluecrop’ and ‘Duke’ grown on Murashige-Skoog (MS) and Woody plant (WP) media supplemented with varying concentrations and combinations of different plant growth hormones. TPC varied from 83 mg g dry weight (DW) to 142 mg g DW in leaves of ‘Bluecrop’ and ‘Duke’, respectively, and correlated with their ARA with ‘Duke’ at the lead. For callus cultures the highest ARA, as well as the highest TPC of 94 mg g DW was observed in ‘Bluecrop’ grown on WP medium with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). High level of quinic acid was found in the mature leaves of all tested varieties, while callus cultures exhibited relative increase in amounts of malic, succinic and citric acids instead. Oxalic acid was found only in callus cultures.
{"title":"Development of metabolic engineering approaches to regulate the content of total phenolics, antiradical activity and organic acids in callus cultures of the highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.)","authors":"A. Ramata-Stunda, V. Valkovska, A. Borodušķe, B. Silamikele, E. Kaktiņa, N. Rostoks, M. Borodušķis, D. Livkisa, A. Pentjuss","doi":"10.15159/AR.20.054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15159/AR.20.054","url":null,"abstract":"Blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) is increasingly cultivated to produce high quality berries for consumption and potential applications in medicine, nutrition and as industrial precursors. Seasonal availability sets limitations on chemical compound isolation from cultivated plants. Biotechnological solutions, such as tissue cultures and metabolic engineering, can provide sufficient amounts of plant material with reasonably high metabolite levels, which may be adjusted by different strategies. Here, we describe our approach to modifying total phenolic content (TPC), antiradical activity (ARA) and amounts of selected organic acids in in vitro cultures of two varieties of V. corymbosum by varying the growth media. TPC, ARA and acid levels were determined in mature leaves of field-grown plants and in stable callus cultures derived from leaves of varieties ‘Bluecrop’ and ‘Duke’ grown on Murashige-Skoog (MS) and Woody plant (WP) media supplemented with varying concentrations and combinations of different plant growth hormones. TPC varied from 83 mg g dry weight (DW) to 142 mg g DW in leaves of ‘Bluecrop’ and ‘Duke’, respectively, and correlated with their ARA with ‘Duke’ at the lead. For callus cultures the highest ARA, as well as the highest TPC of 94 mg g DW was observed in ‘Bluecrop’ grown on WP medium with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). High level of quinic acid was found in the mature leaves of all tested varieties, while callus cultures exhibited relative increase in amounts of malic, succinic and citric acids instead. Oxalic acid was found only in callus cultures.","PeriodicalId":7924,"journal":{"name":"Agronomy research","volume":"18 1","pages":"1860-1872"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66968682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Neilands, L. Mezule, V. Deņisova, T. Juhna, K. Gruskevica, K. Tihomirova
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness application of sequencing batch reactors (SBRs) for phosphorus removal compared to the conventional activated sludge (CAS) treatment system. The results showed that the removal efficiency of phosphorus reached about 99% at wastewater treatment plant with CAS system. At the same time, the maximum phosphorus removal efficiency can be achieved to 88% if the SBRs system operating parameters are optimized. Finally, this study demonstrated that even if granules are not fully developed, the SBR system is working with a good efficiency.
{"title":"Comparison of phosphorus removal efficiency of conventional activated sludge system and sequencing batch reactors in a wastewater treatment plant","authors":"J. Neilands, L. Mezule, V. Deņisova, T. Juhna, K. Gruskevica, K. Tihomirova","doi":"10.15159/AR.20.049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15159/AR.20.049","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness application of sequencing batch reactors (SBRs) for phosphorus removal compared to the conventional activated sludge (CAS) treatment system. The results showed that the removal efficiency of phosphorus reached about 99% at wastewater treatment plant with CAS system. At the same time, the maximum phosphorus removal efficiency can be achieved to 88% if the SBRs system operating parameters are optimized. Finally, this study demonstrated that even if granules are not fully developed, the SBR system is working with a good efficiency.","PeriodicalId":7924,"journal":{"name":"Agronomy research","volume":"18 1","pages":"771-780"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66969122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Ciproviča, E. Straumite, K. Majore, J. Zagorska
Abstract. Over a thousand year history, yoghurt has become one of a widely consumed product in the world. Its reputation as a healthy food has been undermined recently by concerns over the high sugar content. The majority of consumers expects and prefers yoghurts to be sweet. However, governments across Europe are calling for significant cuts in the amount of added sugar used in yoghurt production. The aim of the study was to evaluate the acceptance of low-sugar yoghurt produced by different commercial β-galactosidases by teenagers. Standardised milk with fat content 2.0% (SC Tukuma piens) was pasteurized at 95 ± 1 °C 5 min, cooled down till 43 ± 1 °C and fermented with β-galactosidase and starter YC-X11 (Chr. Hansen, Denmark) and fermented till pH 4.50 ± 0.20. Different commercial β-galactosidases: NolaTM Fit 5500, Ha-Lactase 5200 (Chr. Hansen, Denmark), GODO-YNL2 (Danisco, Denmark) and BrennZyme (Brenntag PolskaSp, Poland) were used. Fermented samples were gently mixed and cooled down till 6 ± 1 °C and 5% (w/w) of sugar was added to each sample. Sensory evaluation of the yoghurt’s samples was performed by teenagers (14–18 years, n = 50) at Aizputes Secondary School (Latvia). Lactose and monosaccharides concentration prior to sugar addition was detected by HPLC (Shimadzu LC 20 Prominence, Japan). The lactose hydrolysis into glucose and galactose by the use of β-galactosidase helps to increase sweetness through an occurrence of natural sugars in milk. During sensory evaluation, teenagers admitted the yoghurt with reduced sugar as sweet, significantly sweeter (P < 0.05) was yoghurt sample with NolaTM Fit 5500. The results demonstrated that it is possible to reduce sugar in yoghurt production and to gain consumer acceptance through the occurrence of glucose and galactose, but it is problematic to offer lactose-free or reduced lactose products to consumers without lactose intolerance.
摘要在一千多年的历史中，酸奶已经成为世界上广泛消费的产品之一。最近，人们对其高含糖量的担忧削弱了它作为健康食品的声誉。大多数消费者期望并喜欢酸奶是甜的。然而，欧洲各国政府呼吁大幅减少酸奶生产中添加糖的用量。这项研究的目的是评估青少年对由不同的商业β-半乳糖苷酶生产的低糖酸奶的接受程度。脂肪含量为2.0%的标准乳(SC Tukuma piens)在95±1℃条件下巴氏灭菌5 min，冷却至43±1℃，用β-半乳糖苷酶和发酵剂YC-X11 (Chr。汉森，丹麦)，发酵至pH 4.50±0.20。不同的商业β-半乳糖苷酶:NolaTM Fit 5500, ha -乳糖酶5200 (Chr。采用Hansen，丹麦)，GODO-YNL2(丹麦Danisco)和BrennZyme(波兰Brenntag PolskaSp)。将发酵后的样品轻轻混合，冷却至6±1℃，每个样品加入5% (w/w)的糖。由Aizputes中学(拉脱维亚)的青少年(14-18岁，n = 50)对酸奶样品进行感官评价。采用高效液相色谱法测定添加糖前的乳糖和单糖浓度(Shimadzu LC 20卓越，日本)。利用β-半乳糖苷酶，乳糖水解成葡萄糖和半乳糖，通过牛奶中天然糖的出现，有助于增加甜味。在感官评价中，青少年认为含还原糖的酸奶是甜的，比添加NolaTM Fit 5500的酸奶更甜(P < 0.05)。结果表明，在酸奶生产中可以减少糖，并通过葡萄糖和半乳糖的出现获得消费者的接受，但向没有乳糖不耐症的消费者提供无乳糖或减少乳糖的产品是有问题的。
{"title":"Acceptance of low-sugar yoghurt among Latvian teenagers","authors":"I. Ciproviča, E. Straumite, K. Majore, J. Zagorska","doi":"10.15159/AR.20.111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15159/AR.20.111","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Over a thousand year history, yoghurt has become one of a widely consumed product in the world. Its reputation as a healthy food has been undermined recently by concerns over the high sugar content. The majority of consumers expects and prefers yoghurts to be sweet. However, governments across Europe are calling for significant cuts in the amount of added sugar used in yoghurt production. The aim of the study was to evaluate the acceptance of low-sugar yoghurt produced by different commercial β-galactosidases by teenagers. Standardised milk with fat content 2.0% (SC Tukuma piens) was pasteurized at 95 ± 1 °C 5 min, cooled down till 43 ± 1 °C and fermented with β-galactosidase and starter YC-X11 (Chr. Hansen, Denmark) and fermented till pH 4.50 ± 0.20. Different commercial β-galactosidases: NolaTM Fit 5500, Ha-Lactase 5200 (Chr. Hansen, Denmark), GODO-YNL2 (Danisco, Denmark) and BrennZyme (Brenntag PolskaSp, Poland) were used. Fermented samples were gently mixed and cooled down till 6 ± 1 °C and 5% (w/w) of sugar was added to each sample. Sensory evaluation of the yoghurt’s samples was performed by teenagers (14–18 years, n = 50) at Aizputes Secondary School (Latvia). Lactose and monosaccharides concentration prior to sugar addition was detected by HPLC (Shimadzu LC 20 Prominence, Japan). The lactose hydrolysis into glucose and galactose by the use of β-galactosidase helps to increase sweetness through an occurrence of natural sugars in milk. During sensory evaluation, teenagers admitted the yoghurt with reduced sugar as sweet, significantly sweeter (P < 0.05) was yoghurt sample with NolaTM Fit 5500. The results demonstrated that it is possible to reduce sugar in yoghurt production and to gain consumer acceptance through the occurrence of glucose and galactose, but it is problematic to offer lactose-free or reduced lactose products to consumers without lactose intolerance.","PeriodicalId":7924,"journal":{"name":"Agronomy research","volume":"18 1","pages":"1897-1903"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66969999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Baranenko, A. Lepeshkin, W. Lu, A. Safronova, L. Nadtochii, V. Ivanova
{"title":"Rheological and physical–chemical properties of yogurt with oat–chia seeds composites","authors":"D. Baranenko, A. Lepeshkin, W. Lu, A. Safronova, L. Nadtochii, V. Ivanova","doi":"10.15159/AR.20.142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15159/AR.20.142","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7924,"journal":{"name":"Agronomy research","volume":"18 1","pages":"1816-1828"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66970794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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