Objective: The study was carried out to assess the oral hygiene status and to determine the prevalence of gingival and periodontal diseases in 10-12-year-old school children in Sholapur City, India. Method: A total of 1045 children (560 boys and 485 girls) aged 10-12 years were evaluated by questionnaires related to oral hygiene practices and clinical examination using Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S) , Gingival Index and Russell's Periodontal index. Result: All the children examined irrespective of the gender brushed their teeth with tooth brush and tooth paste. A total of 940 (90%) children brushed their teeth once in a day, while the remaining 105 (10%) brushed twice daily. Prevalence of gingival disease was 81% and males were more affected than females. Ten year old children were affected most by gingivitis. Good oral hygiene status was seen in 30% of total population examined, 2% had poor oral hygiene status and others (68%) showed fair oral hygiene status. Fifteen percent of the children had mild gingivitis, 64% had moderate gingivitis and 1% had severe gingivitis. Pockets were absent in all the children. Conclusion: There was a high prevalence of gingival disease in the population examined in this study, indicating the need for community health activities and awareness programme to improve the oral health of the people in this particular stratum of population. Key words: Oral hygiene, gingiva, Oral hygiene index, Gingival index, Periondontal index
{"title":"Study of oral hygiene status and prevalence of gingival diseases in 10-12-year-old school children in Sholapur City, India","authors":"Tr Shyagali, Dp Bhayya","doi":"10.4314/NDJ.V18I1.64926","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NDJ.V18I1.64926","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The study was carried out to assess the oral hygiene status and to determine the prevalence of gingival and periodontal diseases in 10-12-year-old school children in Sholapur City, India. Method: A total of 1045 children (560 boys and 485 girls) aged 10-12 years were evaluated by questionnaires related to oral hygiene practices and clinical examination using Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S) , Gingival Index and Russell's Periodontal index. Result: All the children examined irrespective of the gender brushed their teeth with tooth brush and tooth paste. A total of 940 (90%) children brushed their teeth once in a day, while the remaining 105 (10%) brushed twice daily. Prevalence of gingival disease was 81% and males were more affected than females. Ten year old children were affected most by gingivitis. Good oral hygiene status was seen in 30% of total population examined, 2% had poor oral hygiene status and others (68%) showed fair oral hygiene status. Fifteen percent of the children had mild gingivitis, 64% had moderate gingivitis and 1% had severe gingivitis. Pockets were absent in all the children. Conclusion: There was a high prevalence of gingival disease in the population examined in this study, indicating the need for community health activities and awareness programme to improve the oral health of the people in this particular stratum of population. Key words: Oral hygiene, gingiva, Oral hygiene index, Gingival index, Periondontal index","PeriodicalId":79241,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Dental Journal","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70576047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the Bolton's ratios and tooth size discrepancies in a Nigerian population. Method: The Bolton tooth size analysis was performed on 54 dental casts of Nigerian subjects comprising 33 (61%) males and 21 (39%) females (mean 26.6 ± 2.1 years). The overall and anterior tooth size ratios were determined, and gender differences among the sample population was evaluated with t-test. The frequency and magnitude of deviation of the Nigerian subjects outside 2 standard deviations from the Bolton's mean was also determined. Result: The result revealed no statistically significant gender differences in interarch tooth size ratios (p> 0.05) and the measurement for both males and females were therefore combined. The overall ratio was 92.1% ± 2.35 and anterior ratio was 78.9% ± 2.64. The overall tooth size discrepancy was present in 9.3% and the 25.9% of the subjects had anterior tooth size discrepancy in relations to more than 2 standard deviations from the Bolton's mean values. Conclusion: The study provided data on tooth size ratios among Nigerian subjects whose values were larger than Bolton's data. This study re-emphasized the importance of developing standards for each population. Key words: Tooth size discrepancy, Bolton’s ratios,
{"title":"Bolton's ratios and tooth-size discrepancies in a Nigerian population","authors":"E. Ajayi","doi":"10.4314/NDJ.V18I1.64922","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NDJ.V18I1.64922","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the Bolton's ratios and tooth size discrepancies in a Nigerian population. Method: The Bolton tooth size analysis was performed on 54 dental casts of Nigerian subjects comprising 33 (61%) males and 21 (39%) females (mean 26.6 ± 2.1 years). The overall and anterior tooth size ratios were determined, and gender differences among the sample population was evaluated with t-test. The frequency and magnitude of deviation of the Nigerian subjects outside 2 standard deviations from the Bolton's mean was also determined. Result: The result revealed no statistically significant gender differences in interarch tooth size ratios (p> 0.05) and the measurement for both males and females were therefore combined. The overall ratio was 92.1% ± 2.35 and anterior ratio was 78.9% ± 2.64. The overall tooth size discrepancy was present in 9.3% and the 25.9% of the subjects had anterior tooth size discrepancy in relations to more than 2 standard deviations from the Bolton's mean values. Conclusion: The study provided data on tooth size ratios among Nigerian subjects whose values were larger than Bolton's data. This study re-emphasized the importance of developing standards for each population. Key words: Tooth size discrepancy, Bolton’s ratios,","PeriodicalId":79241,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Dental Journal","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70576437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anterior dislocation of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) though an infrequent presentation at the emergency department; often demands an immediate reduction to relieve discomfort and prevent adverse long-term sequelae. A simple and effective technique to reduce the dislocation is successfully demonstrated by putting the operator's thumbs over the molar teeth of the patient and pushing the dislocated jaw downward and backward. We report the case of a patient who presented at our accident and emergency department with bilateral anterior TMJ dislocation and was successfully reduced with this simple technique. Keywords: Temporomandibular joints (TMJ), dislocation
{"title":"Anterior bilateral temporomandibular joint dislocation: an emergency presentation","authors":"A. Taiwo, O. Gbotolorun, BO. Ile-Ogedengbe","doi":"10.4314/NDJ.V18I1.64928","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NDJ.V18I1.64928","url":null,"abstract":"Anterior dislocation of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) though an infrequent presentation at the emergency department; often demands an immediate reduction to relieve discomfort and prevent adverse long-term sequelae. A simple and effective technique to reduce the dislocation is successfully demonstrated by putting the operator's thumbs over the molar teeth of the patient and pushing the dislocated jaw downward and backward. We report the case of a patient who presented at our accident and emergency department with bilateral anterior TMJ dislocation and was successfully reduced with this simple technique. Keywords: Temporomandibular joints (TMJ), dislocation","PeriodicalId":79241,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Dental Journal","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70576188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: Knowledge of the pattern of dental caries in children is important in the designing of preventive clinical procedures, community-based programmes and formulation of appropriate treatment strategies for these children. This study therefore described the pattern and surface prevalence of dental caries on the posterior teeth of children attending Paedodontic clinic of University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria. Method: All children aged 5 – 12 years attending the clinic for the first time within a period of 24 months (2005 – 2007) were examined clinically and radiographically (using bitewing radiographs) for dental caries. Tooth types and tooth surfaces affected were recorded and data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 11. Result: The results showed that the most frequently affected tooth surface in primary teeth was approximal surface (58.6%) followed by occlusal surface (39.9%) while in permanent teeth, the reverse was the case (occlusal = 77.0%, approximal = 15.0%). The second primary molars were found to be more affected than first molars in primary dentition while first permanent molars were the most affected in permanent teeth. The distribution of dental caries was higher in the lower jaw than the upper jaw. There was a slight difference in sex predilection with females having higher mean dmft/DMFT than males, though this was not statistically significant. The aged group mostly affected was 5 – 8 years with mean dmft and DMFT of 2.68±1.84 and 0.21±0.54 respectively. Conclusion: The high occurrence of approximal caries in primary teeth observed revealed the need for the use of bitewing radiographs for early detection of such lesions while the high occurrence of occlusal caries in permanent dentition showed the need to design preventive clinical procedures such as the placement of fissure sealants on first molars so as to prevent occurrence of occlusal caries in high risk children. Key words: Dental caries, surface prevalence, posterior teeth, children
{"title":"Pattern and surface prevalence of dental caries on posterior teeth of children in a Nigerian teaching hospital","authors":"B. Popoola, O. Denloye","doi":"10.4314/NDJ.V17I2.63182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NDJ.V17I2.63182","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Knowledge of the pattern of dental caries in children is important in the designing of preventive clinical procedures, community-based programmes and formulation of appropriate treatment strategies for these children. This study therefore described the pattern and surface prevalence of dental caries on the posterior teeth of children attending Paedodontic clinic of University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria. Method: All children aged 5 – 12 years attending the clinic for the first time within a period of 24 months (2005 – 2007) were examined clinically and radiographically (using bitewing radiographs) for dental caries. Tooth types and tooth surfaces affected were recorded and data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 11. Result: The results showed that the most frequently affected tooth surface in primary teeth was approximal surface (58.6%) followed by occlusal surface (39.9%) while in permanent teeth, the reverse was the case (occlusal = 77.0%, approximal = 15.0%). The second primary molars were found to be more affected than first molars in primary dentition while first permanent molars were the most affected in permanent teeth. The distribution of dental caries was higher in the lower jaw than the upper jaw. There was a slight difference in sex predilection with females having higher mean dmft/DMFT than males, though this was not statistically significant. The aged group mostly affected was 5 – 8 years with mean dmft and DMFT of 2.68±1.84 and 0.21±0.54 respectively. Conclusion: The high occurrence of approximal caries in primary teeth observed revealed the need for the use of bitewing radiographs for early detection of such lesions while the high occurrence of occlusal caries in permanent dentition showed the need to design preventive clinical procedures such as the placement of fissure sealants on first molars so as to prevent occurrence of occlusal caries in high risk children. Key words: Dental caries, surface prevalence, posterior teeth, children","PeriodicalId":79241,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Dental Journal","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70576159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Manish Jain, Leena Sawla, Anmol Mathur, Tarun Nihlani, D. Prabu, S. Kulkarni
Objective: The purpose of the study was to assess the relationship between dental caries and dental fluorosis in Bhil Tribes living in Udaipur district India, known for endemic fluorosis. Method: A total of 420 Bhil tribes selected from areas with low (0-1.5mg/l), moderate (1.5-3.0mg/l) and high (>3mg/l) water fluoride concentration were interviewed and examined for caries and dental fluorosis. Dental caries and fluorosis were recorded according to the DMFT system and Dean Fluorosis index. All the Bhil tribes were exposed to a written questionnaire, constructed in English and translated into local language and – for control purposes – translated back to English. Intra-oral examination was conducted using by two examiners. Result: Bhil, Garasia, Meena and Gameti were most commonly present castes among Bhil tribes. The prevalence of dental fluorosis was 33.1% in low, 33.3% in moderate and 33.6% in high fluoride areas. In the low fluoride area mean number of decayed teeth and mean DMFT was 5.52 and 7.37 respectively while in high fluoride area it was higher, mean decayed and mean DMFT was 9.27 and 12.06 respectively. There was significant difference in mean DMFT between low, moderate andthe high fluoride areas (P = 0.00). DMFT score was 12.04 in severe fluorosis cases while it was 8.67 in normal fluorosis cases. There was significant difference in mean DMFT between all four castes (Bhil, Garasia, Meena and Gameti). Conclusion: Dental caries increases with increasing severity of dental fluorosis in low, moderate and high fluoride areas. Thus, a positive relationship between dental caries and dental fluorosis was observed in all the three areas. Key words: Dental caries, Fluorosis, Bhil tribes.
{"title":"The relationship between dental caries and dental fluorosis in low, moderate and high fluoride areas of Udaipur district, India.","authors":"Manish Jain, Leena Sawla, Anmol Mathur, Tarun Nihlani, D. Prabu, S. Kulkarni","doi":"10.4314/NDJ.V17I2.63180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NDJ.V17I2.63180","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The purpose of the study was to assess the relationship between dental caries and dental fluorosis in Bhil Tribes living in Udaipur district India, known for endemic fluorosis. Method: A total of 420 Bhil tribes selected from areas with low (0-1.5mg/l), moderate (1.5-3.0mg/l) and high (>3mg/l) water fluoride concentration were interviewed and examined for caries and dental fluorosis. Dental caries and fluorosis were recorded according to the DMFT system and Dean Fluorosis index. All the Bhil tribes were exposed to a written questionnaire, constructed in English and translated into local language and – for control purposes – translated back to English. Intra-oral examination was conducted using by two examiners. Result: Bhil, Garasia, Meena and Gameti were most commonly present castes among Bhil tribes. The prevalence of dental fluorosis was 33.1% in low, 33.3% in moderate and 33.6% in high fluoride areas. In the low fluoride area mean number of decayed teeth and mean DMFT was 5.52 and 7.37 respectively while in high fluoride area it was higher, mean decayed and mean DMFT was 9.27 and 12.06 respectively. There was significant difference in mean DMFT between low, moderate andthe high fluoride areas (P = 0.00). DMFT score was 12.04 in severe fluorosis cases while it was 8.67 in normal fluorosis cases. There was significant difference in mean DMFT between all four castes (Bhil, Garasia, Meena and Gameti). Conclusion: Dental caries increases with increasing severity of dental fluorosis in low, moderate and high fluoride areas. Thus, a positive relationship between dental caries and dental fluorosis was observed in all the three areas. Key words: Dental caries, Fluorosis, Bhil tribes.","PeriodicalId":79241,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Dental Journal","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70576004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Halitosis is an offensive odour emanating from the oral cavity and it is a common clinical condition. The purpose of this study is to emphasize the importance of the correct diagnosis of the type of halitosis in order to achieve a successful management. The four cases reported in this study revealed that a cause of the halitosis can be found most of the time following thorough examination. Elimination of the cause or source of the mal-odour eventually eliminates the halitosis. Dental practitioners should therefore be cautious in making a diagnosis of pseudo-halitosis and halitophobia which are very rare conditions and they should patients should be referred for expert management. Key words: Halitosis, Halitophobia, Pseudo-halitosis, management, diagnosis
{"title":"Management of halitosis secondary to periodontal disease: report of four cases","authors":"E. Dosumu","doi":"10.4314/NDJ.V17I2.63185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NDJ.V17I2.63185","url":null,"abstract":"Halitosis is an offensive odour emanating from the oral cavity and it is a common clinical condition. The purpose of this study is to emphasize the importance of the correct diagnosis of the type of halitosis in order to achieve a successful management. The four cases reported in this study revealed that a cause of the halitosis can be found most of the time following thorough examination. Elimination of the cause or source of the mal-odour eventually eliminates the halitosis. Dental practitioners should therefore be cautious in making a diagnosis of pseudo-halitosis and halitophobia which are very rare conditions and they should patients should be referred for expert management. Key words: Halitosis, Halitophobia, Pseudo-halitosis, management, diagnosis","PeriodicalId":79241,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Dental Journal","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70576225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine normative values of crown dimensions, arch dimensions, and amount of interdental space in the primary dentition of Nigerian children. Method: Dental casts from alginate impressions obtained from 125 randomly selected nursery school children (65 boys, 60 girls) aged 3 to 5 years, were measured with electronic caliper. Independent tests were used to analyze sample differences between sexes. Result: There were significant gender differences in arch width, depth and length dimensions, with the exception of the left mandibular anterior length. The boys showed significantly larger mesiodistal crown dimensions, except in the maxillary and mandibular primary lateral incisors. Gender differences in buccolingual crown diameters were statistically significant for maxillary second primary molars. There was no significant gender difference in amount of interdental spaces. Conclusion: It can be concluded that males had larger tooth/arch dimensions than females in the primary dentition stage. Key words: Biometric, dental arch, primary dentition, Nigerian
{"title":"Biometrics of the primary dentition in a Nigerian sample","authors":"At Yemitan, O. Dacosta, O. Sanu, M. Isiekwe","doi":"10.4314/NDJ.V17I2.63181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NDJ.V17I2.63181","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine normative values of crown dimensions, arch dimensions, and amount of interdental space in the primary dentition of Nigerian children. Method: Dental casts from alginate impressions obtained from 125 randomly selected nursery school children (65 boys, 60 girls) aged 3 to 5 years, were measured with electronic caliper. Independent tests were used to analyze sample differences between sexes. Result: There were significant gender differences in arch width, depth and length dimensions, with the exception of the left mandibular anterior length. The boys showed significantly larger mesiodistal crown dimensions, except in the maxillary and mandibular primary lateral incisors. Gender differences in buccolingual crown diameters were statistically significant for maxillary second primary molars. There was no significant gender difference in amount of interdental spaces. Conclusion: It can be concluded that males had larger tooth/arch dimensions than females in the primary dentition stage. Key words: Biometric, dental arch, primary dentition, Nigerian","PeriodicalId":79241,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Dental Journal","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70576090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: To determine the relevance of exclusive breast-feeding practice, in the development of healthy oral tissue among teething infants. Method: A cross sectional study design of children aged 6-36 months was carried out in 14 wards of Jos North Local Government Area. A multistage sampling technique was adopted in selecting 1081 mothers who qualified and were interviewed using structured interviewer questionnaire on their knowledge and perception on common complaints during teething in children. The index children were examined for number and type of teeth erupted using mouth mirror under natural light. Result: One thousand and eighty-one mothers and their babies were interviewed and examined; out these 16.5%, 38.7% and 44.8% babies were of age groups 6-12, 13-24 and 25-36 months respectively; 50.2% were female and 49.8% were male. Of the babies examined 62.4% were exclusively breast-fed. There was a significant association between maternal educational status and knowledge of teething complaints. Three hundred and twenty-six (30.1%) babies had cough during their teething period, 349 (32.3%) experienced drooling of saliva, and 352 (32.6%) were observed to bite objects during teething. The high percentage of babies that were exclusively breast-fed but did not experience these symptoms were found to be statistically significant (p = 0.00). Seven hundred and forty-two (68.6%) babies had diarrhoea during teething; out of these 459(42.5%) were exclusively breast-fed and it was however not found to be statistically significant (p = 0.55). Conclusion: This study draws attention to the relatively poor anecdotal evidence related to symptoms associated with the teething process. The result has also demonstrated that exclusive breast-feeding is not only able to reduce the symptoms ascribed to teething, but also promote the development of a healthy oral tissue. Key words: Breastfeeding, teething, development, oral tissues
{"title":"Exclusive breastfeeding and its relevance to infant teething","authors":"Ga Chukwu, C. Ogbonna, M. Gyang, S. Okolo","doi":"10.4314/ndj.v17i2.63184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ndj.v17i2.63184","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To determine the relevance of exclusive breast-feeding practice, in the development of healthy oral tissue among teething infants. Method: A cross sectional study design of children aged 6-36 months was carried out in 14 wards of Jos North Local Government Area. A multistage sampling technique was adopted in selecting 1081 mothers who qualified and were interviewed using structured interviewer questionnaire on their knowledge and perception on common complaints during teething in children. The index children were examined for number and type of teeth erupted using mouth mirror under natural light. Result: One thousand and eighty-one mothers and their babies were interviewed and examined; out these 16.5%, 38.7% and 44.8% babies were of age groups 6-12, 13-24 and 25-36 months respectively; 50.2% were female and 49.8% were male. Of the babies examined 62.4% were exclusively breast-fed. There was a significant association between maternal educational status and knowledge of teething complaints. Three hundred and twenty-six (30.1%) babies had cough during their teething period, 349 (32.3%) experienced drooling of saliva, and 352 (32.6%) were observed to bite objects during teething. The high percentage of babies that were exclusively breast-fed but did not experience these symptoms were found to be statistically significant (p = 0.00). Seven hundred and forty-two (68.6%) babies had diarrhoea during teething; out of these 459(42.5%) were exclusively breast-fed and it was however not found to be statistically significant (p = 0.55). Conclusion: This study draws attention to the relatively poor anecdotal evidence related to symptoms associated with the teething process. The result has also demonstrated that exclusive breast-feeding is not only able to reduce the symptoms ascribed to teething, but also promote the development of a healthy oral tissue. Key words: Breastfeeding, teething, development, oral tissues","PeriodicalId":79241,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Dental Journal","volume":"27 5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70576170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Taurodontism is a malformation of multirooted teeth characterized by abnormally large pulp chamber and abnormally short roots. It is diagnosed by the use of radiographs. The cusp of Carabelli is a morphological anomaly of the crown usually seen clinically on the mesiopalatal surface of the maxillary first permanent molars. The aetiology of both anomalies is not entirely clear, however, both genetic and exogenous factors have been proposed. There are recent reports that mutation of some chromosomes could be a cause of taurodontism. Taurodontism has been reported along with talon cusp, dens evaginatus and some Syndromes. This paper presents an unusual occurrence of taurodontism in association with the cusp of Carabelli in a 15 year-old girl presenting with a toothache of 4 months duration and her 46 year-old mother. All the second permanent molars were taurodont. Other siblings investigated had cusps of Carabelli but no taurodont tooth. There was no associated syndrome in both mother and child. Root canal treatment of the pulpally involved taurodont mandibular left permanent second molar of the 15 year-old was carried out. Appropriate restorations were placed on all other carious molars. Her mother had no carious tooth. Taurodontism may present as pain when the affected tooth is carious or as a chance radiographic finding as it is the case in the mother. Preventive restorations of taurodont teeth is ideal treatment when detected early. The anthropological and clinical significance of the cusp of Carabelli is highlighted. The association of these two dental anomalies needs further investigation. Key words: Taurodontism, cusp of carabelli
{"title":"Taurodontism in association with the cusp of carabelli: a report of 2 cases","authors":"E. Sote, A. Ogunkola","doi":"10.4314/NDJ.V17I2.63186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NDJ.V17I2.63186","url":null,"abstract":"Taurodontism is a malformation of multirooted teeth characterized by abnormally large pulp chamber and abnormally short roots. It is diagnosed by the use of radiographs. The cusp of Carabelli is a morphological anomaly of the crown usually seen clinically on the mesiopalatal surface of the maxillary first permanent molars. The aetiology of both anomalies is not entirely clear, however, both genetic and exogenous factors have been proposed. There are recent reports that mutation of some chromosomes could be a cause of taurodontism. Taurodontism has been reported along with talon cusp, dens evaginatus and some Syndromes. This paper presents an unusual occurrence of taurodontism in association with the cusp of Carabelli in a 15 year-old girl presenting with a toothache of 4 months duration and her 46 year-old mother. All the second permanent molars were taurodont. Other siblings investigated had cusps of Carabelli but no taurodont tooth. There was no associated syndrome in both mother and child. Root canal treatment of the pulpally involved taurodont mandibular left permanent second molar of the 15 year-old was carried out. Appropriate restorations were placed on all other carious molars. Her mother had no carious tooth. Taurodontism may present as pain when the affected tooth is carious or as a chance radiographic finding as it is the case in the mother. Preventive restorations of taurodont teeth is ideal treatment when detected early. The anthropological and clinical significance of the cusp of Carabelli is highlighted. The association of these two dental anomalies needs further investigation. Key words: Taurodontism, cusp of carabelli","PeriodicalId":79241,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Dental Journal","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70576242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the scope of oral diseases and referrals within the Dental Centre at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital (UPTH). Method: The clinic logbook of the Oral diagnosis clinic of the Dental centre, University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital was reviewed retrospectively over an 18-month period. Demographic and clinical data of all patients were retrieved and statistically analyzed using SPSS Version 17.0. Result: There were 2,249 patients comprising 945 (42%) males and 1,304 (58%) females. The age range was 1month to 95 years and mean age, 29.9 + 16.8 years. The mean age for male was 30.4 + 17.3years and for female, 29.5±16.4 years. Based on their age, patients were categorized into children, youth, middle age and elderly. Patronage was predominantly by the youth category (age 17- 40 years). The predominant pathology presented was complicated dental caries (41.1%). Traumatic injuries showed predilections for the male gender (87 males compared to 58 females). Most of the referrals were to the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinic (825 patients) and tooth extraction (741 adults, 147 paediatric extractions) was the major reason for referral. Conclusion: In spite of the worldwide epidemiological report of its reducing incidence, dental caries and its sequelae are still the major reasons for patronage of dental health services in our environment and dental extraction is the mostly consumed treatment modality. Keywords: Oro-facid diseases, Dental clinic attendance, Referrals
{"title":"Spectrum of diseases and pattern of referral at the Oral Diagnosis Clinic of a tertiary dental center","authors":"O. Omitola, B. Osagbemiro, O. Akadiri","doi":"10.4314/NDJ.V19I2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NDJ.V19I2","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the scope of oral diseases and referrals within the Dental Centre at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital (UPTH). Method: The clinic logbook of the Oral diagnosis clinic of the Dental centre, University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital was reviewed retrospectively over an 18-month period. Demographic and clinical data of all patients were retrieved and statistically analyzed using SPSS Version 17.0. Result: There were 2,249 patients comprising 945 (42%) males and 1,304 (58%) females. The age range was 1month to 95 years and mean age, 29.9 + 16.8 years. The mean age for male was 30.4 + 17.3years and for female, 29.5±16.4 years. Based on their age, patients were categorized into children, youth, middle age and elderly. Patronage was predominantly by the youth category (age 17- 40 years). The predominant pathology presented was complicated dental caries (41.1%). Traumatic injuries showed predilections for the male gender (87 males compared to 58 females). Most of the referrals were to the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinic (825 patients) and tooth extraction (741 adults, 147 paediatric extractions) was the major reason for referral. Conclusion: In spite of the worldwide epidemiological report of its reducing incidence, dental caries and its sequelae are still the major reasons for patronage of dental health services in our environment and dental extraction is the mostly consumed treatment modality. Keywords: Oro-facid diseases, Dental clinic attendance, Referrals","PeriodicalId":79241,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Dental Journal","volume":"19 1","pages":"66-70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70576931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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