Pub Date : 1980-08-01DOI: 10.1016/0160-7987(80)90003-4
Allan Young
Stress researchers produce evidence that certain historically particular beliefs about the social order actually describe a universal reality. The theories and social relations which produce this evidence are also responsible for the way in which the scholarly discourse on stress has developed: its search for context-free knowledge, its failure to critically analyze the role of cognition in pathogenesis, and its capacity for de-socializing the social determinants of sickness and people's perceptions of sickness. To make these points. I adopt a framework emphasizing (1) the importance of utility and context to knowledge producers, particularly the researchers' informants, and (2) the social determinants of scien- tific knowledge.
{"title":"The discourse on stress and the reproduction of conventional knowledge","authors":"Allan Young","doi":"10.1016/0160-7987(80)90003-4","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0160-7987(80)90003-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Stress researchers produce evidence that certain historically particular beliefs about the social order actually describe a universal reality. The theories and social relations which produce this evidence are also responsible for the way in which the scholarly discourse on stress has developed: its search for context-free knowledge, its failure to critically analyze the role of cognition in pathogenesis, and its capacity for de-socializing the social determinants of sickness and people's perceptions of sickness. To make these points. I adopt a framework emphasizing (1) the importance of utility and context to knowledge producers, particularly the researchers' informants, and (2) the social determinants of scien- tific knowledge.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":79261,"journal":{"name":"Social science & medicine. Part B, Medical anthropology","volume":"14 3","pages":"Pages 133-146"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0160-7987(80)90003-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18257844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1980-08-01DOI: 10.1016/0160-7987(80)90005-8
Hiroko Horikoshi
In Islamic societies, medicine is an integrated part of religious tradition. Originating from Greek Humoral Therapy and based on Arabic Prophetic Medicine, the medical tradition of the Moslem Sundanese in Indonesia is coherently organized according to a set medical belief. For them, illness is not only a physiological disorder caused by humoral imbalance but also a moral and religious disorder stemming from the patient's inadequate religious faith. Treatment of illness will therefore be directed towards a restoration of both physiological and religious order in the patient. This paper discusses the therapeutic process of the Moslem Sundanese psychiatry and examines by means of a symbolic analysis its internal logical organizations.
{"title":"Asrama: An Islamic psychiatric institution in West Java","authors":"Hiroko Horikoshi","doi":"10.1016/0160-7987(80)90005-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0160-7987(80)90005-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In Islamic societies, medicine is an integrated part of religious tradition. Originating from Greek Humoral Therapy and based on Arabic Prophetic Medicine, the medical tradition of the Moslem Sundanese in Indonesia is coherently organized according to a set medical belief. For them, illness is not only a physiological disorder caused by humoral imbalance but also a moral and religious disorder stemming from the patient's inadequate religious faith. Treatment of illness will therefore be directed towards a restoration of both physiological and religious order in the patient. This paper discusses the therapeutic process of the Moslem Sundanese psychiatry and examines by means of a symbolic analysis its internal logical organizations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":79261,"journal":{"name":"Social science & medicine. Part B, Medical anthropology","volume":"14 3","pages":"Pages 157-165"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0160-7987(80)90005-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18257846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1980-08-01DOI: 10.1016/0160-7987(80)90009-5
Derek G. Gill
{"title":"The national health service: The first phase 1948–1974 and after","authors":"Derek G. Gill","doi":"10.1016/0160-7987(80)90009-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0160-7987(80)90009-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":79261,"journal":{"name":"Social science & medicine. Part B, Medical anthropology","volume":"14 3","pages":"Pages 185-186"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0160-7987(80)90009-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74022950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1980-08-01DOI: 10.1016/0160-7987(80)90008-3
Oliva Blanchette
{"title":"Organism, medicine, and metaphysics: Essays in honor of Hans Jonas on his 75th birthday, May 10, 1978","authors":"Oliva Blanchette","doi":"10.1016/0160-7987(80)90008-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0160-7987(80)90008-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":79261,"journal":{"name":"Social science & medicine. Part B, Medical anthropology","volume":"14 3","pages":"Page 185"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0160-7987(80)90008-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84842310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1980-08-01DOI: 10.1016/0160-7987(80)90012-5
Carol Brooks Gardner
{"title":"Gift of life","authors":"Carol Brooks Gardner","doi":"10.1016/0160-7987(80)90012-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0160-7987(80)90012-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":79261,"journal":{"name":"Social science & medicine. Part B, Medical anthropology","volume":"14 3","pages":"Pages 187-188"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0160-7987(80)90012-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81851289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1980-08-01DOI: 10.1016/0160-7987(80)90001-0
{"title":"The seventh international conference on social science and medicine","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/0160-7987(80)90001-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-7987(80)90001-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":79261,"journal":{"name":"Social science & medicine. Part B, Medical anthropology","volume":"14 3","pages":"Page i"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0160-7987(80)90001-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137351539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1980-08-01DOI: 10.1016/0160-7987(80)90013-7
Karen J. Peterson
{"title":"Sociology of medicine","authors":"Karen J. Peterson","doi":"10.1016/0160-7987(80)90013-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0160-7987(80)90013-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":79261,"journal":{"name":"Social science & medicine. Part B, Medical anthropology","volume":"14 3","pages":"Page 188"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0160-7987(80)90013-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87824633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1980-08-01DOI: 10.1016/0160-7987(80)90015-0
{"title":"First international congress on innovation of care-delivery for health","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/0160-7987(80)90015-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-7987(80)90015-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":79261,"journal":{"name":"Social science & medicine. Part B, Medical anthropology","volume":"14 3","pages":"Page 190"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0160-7987(80)90015-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136419923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1980-05-01DOI: 10.1016/0160-7987(80)90059-9
A. Ramanamma, Usha Bambawale
This paper describes a long tradition that values the birth of sons and devalues daughters in South Asia. The ultimate expression of this tradition was the widespread practice of female infanticide. We give data from the records of three hospitals in a large city in India that show the use of modern medical science to determine the sex of foetuses, and the selective abortion of female foetuses. We assert that this practice continues earlier practices of female infanticide, and expresses a mania for sons that afflicts the whole society.
{"title":"The mania for sons: An analysis of social values in South Asia","authors":"A. Ramanamma, Usha Bambawale","doi":"10.1016/0160-7987(80)90059-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0160-7987(80)90059-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper describes a long tradition that values the birth of sons and devalues daughters in South Asia. The ultimate expression of this tradition was the widespread practice of female infanticide. We give data from the records of three hospitals in a large city in India that show the use of modern medical science to determine the sex of foetuses, and the selective abortion of female foetuses. We assert that this practice continues earlier practices of female infanticide, and expresses a mania for sons that afflicts the whole society.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":79261,"journal":{"name":"Social science & medicine. Part B, Medical anthropology","volume":"14 2","pages":"Pages 107-110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0160-7987(80)90059-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18416267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1980-05-01DOI: 10.1016/0160-7987(80)90060-5
James Nelson Riley
The U.S.A. has a “plural medical system” in which the most successful unorthodox subculture is osteopathy; however, it is perhaps also the least different from orthodox medicine. Yet the differences are significant. This study shows how client perceptions of osteopathic physicians (D.O.s) and ordinary physicians (M.D.s) influence the utilization of health care services; thus it deals with interrelationships between characteristics of clients and of practitioners. The study of a small Michigan town where clients have approximately equal access to the two kinds of physicians is based on interviews with a random sample of residents. A substantial fraction of the clients say that they do not perceive any difference between D.O.s and M.D.s. Among those who do perceive a difference, M.D.s tend to be rated in the abstract more highly than D.O.s. Nevertheless, more clients utilize D.O.s than M.D.s, and relationships with D.O.s are longer in duration. Most clients recognize the widespread belief in exclusive legitimacy of M.D.s, even if it does not convince them. Yet despite the ideological dominance of M.D.s, clients pragmatically favor consultation with D.O.s.
{"title":"Client choices among osteopaths and ordinary physicians in a Michigan community [1]","authors":"James Nelson Riley","doi":"10.1016/0160-7987(80)90060-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0160-7987(80)90060-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The U.S.A. has a “plural medical system” in which the most successful unorthodox subculture is osteopathy; however, it is perhaps also the least different from orthodox medicine. Yet the differences are significant. This study shows how client perceptions of osteopathic physicians (D.O.s) and ordinary physicians (M.D.s) influence the utilization of health care services; thus it deals with interrelationships between characteristics of clients and of practitioners. The study of a small Michigan town where clients have approximately equal access to the two kinds of physicians is based on interviews with a random sample of residents. A substantial fraction of the clients say that they do not perceive any difference between D.O.s and M.D.s. Among those who do perceive a difference, M.D.s tend to be rated in the abstract more highly than D.O.s. Nevertheless, more clients utilize D.O.s than M.D.s, and relationships with D.O.s are longer in duration. Most clients <em>recognize</em> the widespread belief in exclusive legitimacy of M.D.s, even if it does not convince them. Yet despite the ideological dominance of M.D.s, clients pragmatically favor consultation with D.O.s.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":79261,"journal":{"name":"Social science & medicine. Part B, Medical anthropology","volume":"14 2","pages":"Pages 111-120"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0160-7987(80)90060-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17943553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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