Noshuyo byori = Brain tumor pathology最新文献

Nine cases of CNS lymphomas obtained by surgical resection or biopsy between 1984 and 1991 were examined. One case of intraorbital lymphoma was also studied. All patients underwent radiotherapy. In addition, 7 underwent steroid therapy and 4 underwent chemotherapy. The case comprised the following (LSG classification): small cell type (3), medium cell type (1), large cell type (3), and medium and large cell type (3). Immunohistochemically, LCA and B-26 immunopositivity were seen in all cases. Cytoplasmic Ig immunopositivity was observed in five cases. The mean AgNORs number was 4.63 (range: 1.8-7.2). The mean PCNA SI was 26.75 (range: 10.2-39.7). No correlation was found between LSG classification and proliferative activity. Although no correlation was found between AgNORs number and recurrence, the recurrent group showed tendency to have more AgNORs that the non-recurrent group. Although no correlation was found between PCNA SI and recurrence, the recurrent group showed tendency to have a higher PCNA SI than the non-recurrent group. The proliferative activity in AgNORs and PCNA studies may be considered as a prognostic indicator in CNS lymphomas.

Localization of platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor (PD-ECGF) in the surgical specimens of 11 human glioblastomas and 12 meningiomas was immunohistochemically examined with a polyclonal anti-PD-ECGF rabbit IgG. PD-ECGF was mainly localized in macrophages distributing around blood vessels at the peripheries of tumor tissue, especially of glioblastoma. PD-ECGF-positive macrophages were frequently accumulated in the vascular-rich stroma of glioblastoma, where occasionally expressed proliferating cell nuclear antigen-positive endothelial cells. However, few macrophages expressing PD-ECGF were scatteringly seen in meningioma. These findings suggest that PD-ECGF plays an important role in the growth of glioblastoma by affecting the stromal angiogenesis.

We have been experienced a rare case of large supratentorial neuroepithelial tumor with a subdural cyst originated from the left fronto-parietal lobe in a 14-month-old boy. The tumor was characterized by its voluminous size, a leptomeningeal growth pattern with intense desmoplasia and divergent astrocytic and ganglionic differentiation. Schwann cell differentiation and melanocytes were also minutely demonstrated. These histological findings are characteristic of desmoplastic infantile gangliogliomas, reported by VandenBerg et al in 1987. And this tumor tissue architecture strongly suggests the hamartomatous nature, rather than the ordinary neoplastic lesion.

Immunohistochemical features and numbers of argyrophilic nucleolar organizer regions (Ag-NORs) were investigated on 6 cases with choroid plexus tumors: 3 adult and one pediatric cases with choroid plexus papilloma (CPP) and 2 pediatric cases with choroid plexus carcinoma (CPC) clinicopathologically. One of the 2 children with CPC developed a recurrence with dissemination to the CSF and died 2 years postoperatively (case 6), while the other survived following surgery (case 5). This outcome suggested the existence of biological differences in these tumors. We conducted an immunohistochemical examination of prealbumin, S-100 protein, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), cytokeratin (CKER), and epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) using avidin-biotin complex (ABC) methods and the silver colloid staining technique for Ag-NORs. All 4 CPP were positive for prealbumin and S-100 protein, with 3 of them being strongly positive; 3 of 4 were positive for GFAP and 2 were positive for CKER and EMA. Two cases of CPC were weakly positive for prealbumin. However the part of reserved papillary structure of case 5 was strongly positive for it. The tumor of the survived child was positive for S-100, GFAP, CKER, while negative for EMA. A positivity for S-100 protein and prealbumin was associated with a good outcome, whereas that for GFAP, CKER, and EMA was not. The mean number of Ag-NORs in the 2 cases with CPC exceeded that in cases with CPP. Of the 2 cases with CPC, fetal one (case 6) showed a higher number of Ag-NORs than the survived patient.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

We report a 67-year-old man with a mature teratoma located in the left Sylvian fissure. This tumor was incidentally found at autopsy after he died of a ruptured cerebral aneurysm. The location of the teratoma was very unusual. This case suggests that a slowly growing and benign intracranial teratoma may not cause any symptoms during life.

The means of examination of small-amount samples by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is described. In this study, the amount of cells necessary for TEM was examined by using a KMU-100 cultured cell line. Floating cells diluted with phosphate buffer solution (PBS) to several concentrations, were gathered in the tip of Beem capsules by means of centrifuge. After fixation, dehydration, and embedding with Epon 812, the samples were cut with a diamond knife, followed by electron staining, and examined by TEM. As a result, we learned that an amount of cells over 1 x 10(3) could be observed by TEM. In spite of cell damage through this procedure, the microscopic structures of the cells were relatively maintained compared with the original cell monolayers. In the near future, it may be possible to examine the sorted cells by flow cytometry (FCM) with TEM.

Highlights of histological, electron microscopic and immunohistochemical features of various benign intracranial cysts are reviewed. These include arachnoid, endodermal, ectodermal and colloid cysts of the third ventricle. Certain noteworthy morphological findings are enumerated in these benign congenital neoplasms. Focal necroses and endothelial proliferation and immunoreactivity for alpha B-crystallin in some of the giant cells are observed in subependymal giant cell astrocytomas. The fine structure of Alzheimer's neurofibrillary tangles is examined in meningoangiomatosis. An overview of dysembryoplastic neuroectodermal tumor a recently recognized new entity associated with intractable seizures in young patients is provided.

Immunohistochemical and electron microscopic studies were carried out on 9 cases of intracranial chordomas. Three of them were typical chordomas and 6 were chondroid chordomas. Immunohistochemically, both typical chordomas and chondroid chordomas were positively stained for cytokeratin and epithelial membrane antigen. Chondroid chordomas were stained for vimentin with moderate intensity whereas typical chordomas were only slightly stained. In comparison to typical chordomas, the chondroid chordomas had relatively few desmosomes and intermediate filaments. These findings suggest that intracranial chordomas are of mixed epithelial-mesenchymal nature, and that chondroid chordomas have a predominant mesenchymal character as compared to typical chordomas.

Calcification such as psammoma body is sometimes found especially in spinal cord meningioma but ossification of the meningeal tumor was rarely observed. Two cases of ossificated spinal cord meningiomas, located extramedullary intradurally apart from spinal bone, were clinicopathologically analyzed. The patients were 75-year-old female with meningioma at T9-10 level and 60-year-old female with one at T6-8 level. With pathological examination, concentration of psammoma bodies is not related to the formation of bone tissue. Metaplasia of arachnoid cell is seemed to be the origin of the bone structure.

This report concerns the immunohistochemical characterization of 6 cases of thin-walled cysts in the central nervous system (enterogenous cyst, paraphyseal neuroepithelial cyst, Rathke's cleft cyst and arachnoid cyst). Antibodies to glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), S-100 protein, epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), keratin (KER) and vimentin (VIM) were used. The enterogenous cyst was positive for KER, EMA and CEA. The neuroepithelial cyst of paraphyseal origin was positive for KER and S-100. The three Rathke's cleft cysts were positive for KER and EMA, but negative for S-100 and CEA, and the arachnoid cyst was positive for EMA and VIM. A unified concept and classification of the types of cysts studied based on immunohistochemical assays are proposed.