Co-culturing is a widely used method to improve bioethanol production from biomass enriched in fermentable sugars. This study aims to produce bioethanol from sugarcane molasses by simultaneous co-fermentation of S. cerevisiae isolate TA2 and W. anomalus isolate HCJ2F-19. Response surface methodology (RSM) based on the central composite design (CCD) was employed to optimize fermentation conditions, including mixing rate (110–150 rpm), temperature (25–35 °C), molasses concentration (25–35 obrix), and incubation time (36–72 h). The ethanol concentration was analyzed using HPLC equipped with a UV detector. The monocultureS. cerevisiae isolate TA2 produced 17.2 g.L−1 of ethanol, 0.33 g.g−1 of ethanol yield, and 0.36 g.L−1.h−1 of productivity compared to W. anomalus isolate HCJ2F that produced 14.5 g.L−1, 0.30 g.g−1 and 0.28 g.L−1.h−1 ethanol, ethanol yield, and productivity under laboratory conditions, respectively. In comparison to single cultures of S. cerevisiae TA2 and W. anomalus HCJ2F, the co-fermentation using both isolates showed an increased ethanol yield of 29% and 53% compared to the single species fermentations, respectively. The results showed that the growth of W. anomalus HCJ2F-19 and S. cerevisiae TA2 was not influenced by each other during the co-fermentation process. The one variable at a time optimization (OVAT) analysis resulted in an ethanol concentration of 26.5 g.L−1 with a specific yield and productivity of 0.46 g.g−1, 0.55 g.L−1.h−1, respectively, at pH 5.5, 25 obrix, 48 h, 150 rpm, 30 °C, 60:40 inoculum ratio, and 10% overall inoculum size. The maximum ethanol concentration of 35.5 g.L−1 was obtained by co-fermentation using the RSM-CCD tool at 30 obrix, 30 °C, 54 h, and 130 rpm. The results suggested that the co-fermentation of S. cerevisiae isolate TA2 and W. anomalus isolate HCJ2F improves bioethanol production from sugar cane molasses under optimum fermentation conditions.
共培养是一种广泛使用的方法，可提高富含可发酵糖的生物质的生物乙醇产量。本研究旨在通过 S. cerevisiae 分离物 TA2 和 W. anomalus 分离物 HCJ2F-19 的同时共发酵，从甘蔗糖蜜中生产生物乙醇。采用基于中央复合设计（CCD）的响应面方法（RSM）优化发酵条件，包括搅拌速率（110-150 rpm）、温度（25-35 °C）、糖蜜浓度（25-35 obrix）和培养时间（36-72 h）。乙醇浓度通过配备紫外检测器的高效液相色谱进行分析。与 W. anomalus 分离物 HCJ2F 在实验室条件下分别产生 14.5 g.L-1、0.30 g.g-1 和 0.28 g.L-1.h-1 乙醇、乙醇产量和生产率相比，单培养 S. cerevisiae 分离物 TA2 产生的乙醇产量为 17.2 g.L-1，乙醇产量为 0.33 g.g-1，生产率为 0.36 g.L-1.h-1。与 S. cerevisiae TA2 和 W. anomalus HCJ2F 的单一培养相比，使用这两种分离物进行联合发酵的乙醇产量分别比单一菌种发酵提高了 29% 和 53%。结果表明，在联合发酵过程中，W. anomalus HCJ2F-19 和 S. cerevisiae TA2 的生长互不影响。在 pH 值为 5.5、25 obrix、48 h、150 rpm、30 °C、接种物比例为 60:40、总接种量为 10%的条件下，通过一次一变量优化（OVAT）分析，乙醇浓度为 26.5 g.L-1，比产量和生产率分别为 0.46 g.g-1、0.55 g.L-1.h-1。在 30 Obrix、30 °C、54 h 和 130 rpm 条件下，使用 RSM-CCD 工具进行联合发酵，获得的最大乙醇浓度为 35.5 g.L-1。结果表明，在最佳发酵条件下，分离自 TA2 的 S. cerevisiae 和分离自 HCJ2F 的 W. anomalus 共同发酵提高了甘蔗糖蜜的生物乙醇产量。
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Pub Date : 2024-03-08DOI: 10.1186/s13213-024-01755-w
Hengyu Li, Jie Lou, Xiaolu Chen, Yuwei Dou, Dalong Zhang, Min Wei
This study evaluates biochar from crop residues as a solution to soil degradation in continuous monoculture within greenhouse agriculture, focusing on its impact on soil microbial communities and cucumber plant growth. We analyzed biochar derived from tomato straw (TSB), sweet pepper straw (SPSB), and eggplant straw (ESB), assessing their nutrient content, cation exchange capacity, and adsorption rates. This study examined the effects of three concentrations (2.5%, 5%, and 7.5% w/w) of the more promising SPSB on soil properties and cucumber growth. SPSB showed significantly higher levels of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, along with superior adsorption capacity compared to TSB and ESB. The 5% w/w SPSB concentration notably improved cucumber growth, increasing plant height by 13.01%, stem thickness by 20.79%, leaf area by 50.26%, and dry weight by 58.56% relative to the control. High-throughput sequencing revealed this concentration significantly altered soil microbial community structure, enhancing bacterial and fungal diversity. It increased beneficial bacterial groups (Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Bacillus) and modified fungal communities, with a decrease in Ascomycota and Aspergillus and shifts in Penicillium abundance. Functional genomic analysis indicated enrichment in bacterial metabolic pathways and fungal replication and expression genes. SPSB, especially at a 5% w/w concentration, emerges as an effective soil amendment in greenhouses affected by continuous monoculture. This approach represents a sustainable method to enhance soil health and crop productivity.
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Correction: Annals of Microbiology 61, 383–389 (2011)
https://doi.org/10.1007/s13213-010-0142-0
Following publication of the original article (Higo et al. 2011), the authors reported a typo and misdescription of the weed plant’s name in Fig. 2. The names of the plants in Fig. 2 were in the wrong order.
The incorrect caption is: Fig. 2 Indigenous plants species inhabiting the ASS. a Digitaria sp., b Fimbristylis sp., c Mimosa pudica L., d Sesbania sp., eWedelia sp.
The correct caption is: Fig. 2 Indigenous plants species inhabited in ASS. a: Fimbristylis sp., b: Mimosa pudica L., c: Sesbania sp., d: Digitaria sp., e: Wedelia sp.
The original article (Higo et al. 2011) has been updated.
Higo M, Isobe K, Kang DJ et al (2011) Molecular diversity and spore density of indigenous arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in acid sulfate soil in Thailand. Ann Microbiol 61:383–389. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13213-010-0142-0
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Authors and Affiliations
College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 252-0880, Japan
Masao Higo, Katsunori Isobe & Ryuichi Ishii
Teaching and Research Center for Bio-coexistence, Hirosaki Universty, 84-133 Kanagi-machi, Aomori, 037-0202, Japan
Dong-Jin Kang
National Agricultural Research Center, 3-1-1 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8666, Japan
Tomiya Maekawa
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Correspondence to Katsunori Isobe.
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The online version of the original article can be found at https://doi.org/10.1007/s13213-010-01
更正：Annals of Microbiology 61, 383-389 (2011)https://doi.org/10.1007/s13213-010-0142-0Following 原文（Higo 等人，2011 年）发表时，作者报告了图 2 中杂草植物名称的一个错字和错误描述。图 2 中的植物名称顺序有误：a Digitaria sp.，b Fimbristylis sp.，c Mimosa pudica L.，d Sesbania sp.，e Wedelia sp.：a: Fimbristylis sp.，b: Mimosa pudica L.，c. Sesbania sp.，d. Wedelia sp：Sesbania sp：d: Digitaria sp：Higo M, Isobe K, Kang DJ et al (2011) Molecular diversity and spore density of indigenous arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in acid sulfate soil in Thailand.https://doi.org/10.1007/s13213-010-0142-0Article Google Scholar Download references作者和单位日本大学生物资源科学学院，1866 Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 252-0880, JapanMasao Higo, Katsunori Isobe &；Ryuichi IshiiTeaching and Research Center for Bio-coexistence, Hirosaki Universty, 84-133 Kanagi-machi, Aomori, 037-0202, JapanDong-Jin KangNational Agricultural Research Center, 3-1-1 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8666、JapanTomiya MaekawaAuthorsMasao HigoView Author publications您也可以在PubMed Google Scholar中搜索该作者Katsunori IsobeView Author publications您也可以在PubMed Google Scholar中搜索该作者Dong- Jin KangView Author publications您也可以在PubMed Google Scholar中搜索该作者Dong- Jin KangView Author publications您也可以在PubMed Google Scholar中搜索该作者Jin Kang查看作者发表的论文您也可以在PubMed Google Scholar中搜索该作者Tomiya Maekawa查看作者发表的论文您也可以在PubMed Google Scholar中搜索该作者Ryuichi Ishii查看作者发表的论文您也可以在PubMed Google Scholar中搜索该作者通信作者Katsunori Isobe的通信。出版者注释Springer Nature对出版地图中的管辖权主张和机构隶属关系保持中立。原文的在线版本可在以下网址找到：https://doi.org/10.1007/s13213-010-0142-0.Open Access 本文采用知识共享署名 4.0 国际许可协议进行许可，该协议允许以任何媒介或格式使用、共享、改编、分发和复制，只要您适当注明原作者和来源，提供知识共享许可协议的链接，并说明是否进行了修改。本文中的图片或其他第三方材料均包含在文章的知识共享许可协议中，除非在材料的署名栏中另有说明。如果材料未包含在文章的知识共享许可协议中，且您打算使用的材料不符合法律规定或超出许可使用范围，您需要直接从版权所有者处获得许可。要查看该许可的副本，请访问 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.Reprints and permissionsCite this articleHigo, M., Isobe, K., Kang, DJ. et al. Correction：泰国酸性硫酸盐土壤中本地丛枝菌根真菌的分子多样性和孢子密度。Ann Microbiol 74, 11 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13213-024-01756-9Download citationPublished: 01 March 2024DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13213-024-01756-9Share this articleAnyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content:Get shareable linkSorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article.Copy to clipboard Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative
{"title":"Correction: Molecular diversity and spore density of indigenous arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in acid sulfate soil in Thailand","authors":"Masao Higo, Katsunori Isobe, Dong-Jin Kang, Tomiya Maekawa, Ryuichi Ishii","doi":"10.1186/s13213-024-01756-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13213-024-01756-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Correction: Annals of Microbiology 61, 383–389 (2011)</b></p><p><b>https://doi.org/10.1007/s13213-010-0142-0</b></p><p>Following publication of the original article (Higo et al. 2011), the authors reported a typo and misdescription of the weed plant’s name in Fig. 2. The names of the plants in Fig. 2 were in the wrong order.</p><p>The incorrect caption is: Fig. 2 Indigenous plants species inhabiting the ASS. <b>a </b><i>Digitaria</i> sp., <b>b </b><i>Fimbristylis</i> sp., <b>c </b><i>Mimosa pudica L.</i>, <b>d </b><i>Sesbania</i> sp., <b>e</b><i>Wedelia</i> sp.</p><p>The correct caption is: Fig. 2 Indigenous plants species inhabited in ASS. <b>a</b>: <i>Fimbristylis</i> sp., <b>b</b>: <i>Mimosa pudica L.</i>, <b>c</b>: <i>Sesbania</i> sp., <b>d</b>: <i>Digitaria</i> sp., <b>e</b>: <i>Wedelia</i> sp.</p><p>The original article (Higo et al. 2011) has been updated.</p><ul data-track-component=\"outbound reference\"><li><p>Higo M, Isobe K, Kang DJ et al (2011) Molecular diversity and spore density of indigenous arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in acid sulfate soil in Thailand. Ann Microbiol 61:383–389. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13213-010-0142-0</p><p>Article Google Scholar </p></li></ul><p>Download references<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" height=\"16\" role=\"img\" width=\"16\"><use xlink:href=\"#icon-eds-i-download-medium\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"></use></svg></p><h3>Authors and Affiliations</h3><ol><li><p>College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 252-0880, Japan</p><p>Masao Higo, Katsunori Isobe & Ryuichi Ishii</p></li><li><p>Teaching and Research Center for Bio-coexistence, Hirosaki Universty, 84-133 Kanagi-machi, Aomori, 037-0202, Japan</p><p>Dong-Jin Kang</p></li><li><p>National Agricultural Research Center, 3-1-1 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8666, Japan</p><p>Tomiya Maekawa</p></li></ol><span>Authors</span><ol><li><span>Masao Higo</span>View author publications<p>You can also search for this author in <span>PubMed<span> </span>Google Scholar</span></p></li><li><span>Katsunori Isobe</span>View author publications<p>You can also search for this author in <span>PubMed<span> </span>Google Scholar</span></p></li><li><span>Dong-Jin Kang</span>View author publications<p>You can also search for this author in <span>PubMed<span> </span>Google Scholar</span></p></li><li><span>Tomiya Maekawa</span>View author publications<p>You can also search for this author in <span>PubMed<span> </span>Google Scholar</span></p></li><li><span>Ryuichi Ishii</span>View author publications<p>You can also search for this author in <span>PubMed<span> </span>Google Scholar</span></p></li></ol><h3>Corresponding author</h3><p>Correspondence to Katsunori Isobe.</p><h3>Publisher’s Note</h3><p>Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.</p><p>The online version of the original article can be found at https://doi.org/10.1007/s13213-010-01","PeriodicalId":8069,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140007498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-22DOI: 10.1186/s13213-024-01754-x
Reham Fathy, Amal S. Eid, Ali A. Hammad, Salwa A. Abou El-Nour
Antibiotic-resistant bacteria, including Escherichia coli (E. coli), are high-risk waterborne pathogens that pose a vital threat to the general public’s health. Therefore, this study aims to develop alternative and affordable treatment approaches. Coliphage treatment is an economically and environmentally sustainable method for eliminating pathogenic bacteria. A significant step toward improving germicidal effectiveness might be to combine coliphage with electron beam treatment. Twelve isolated E. coli were used as host bacteria. In addition, eleven coliphages were isolated and characterized to determine their suitable host range and lytic activities. Antibiotic resistance was tested to detect the most antimicrobial-resistant E. coli isolates. Results indicated that E. coli-2 and E. coli-10 were the most resistant bacterial isolates. Both somatic coliphage-3 (S3) and F-specific coliphage-3 (F3) were the most active lytic coliphages. Based on transmission electron microscope analysis, S3 was classified as a member of the Myoviridae family, while F3 belonged to the Leviviridae family. Genome types were detected; the S3 genome was a linear double-stranded DNA virus, while the F3 genome was a single-strand RNA virus. The adjustment of pH to 7 and temperature to 38 °C increased coliphage activity by 32.2% for S3 and 14% for F3. The optimum multiplicity of infection (MOI) for S3 was 1:1 and 2:1 for F3. From the one-step growth curve, both the latent periods of S3 and F3 were estimated to be 30 and 20 min, and the burst sizes showed 5.8 and 4.6 (PFU)/infected cells, respectively. The D10 values of the most two antimicrobial-resistant strains (E. coli-2 and E. coli-10) were calculated, showing nearly identical values (0.37 and 0.38 kGy), respectively. Both coliphages were used, either alone or in combination with electron beam irradiation (EBI), to eradicate the most multidrug-resistant E. coli in domestic wastewater. EBI reduced the counts of E. coli-2 and -10 by 59% and 65%, respectively. While the combination of coliphages and EBI completely eradicated these microbes. Combination of each individual coliphage and EBI decreased the growth of E. coli in domestic wastewater to an undetectable level.
{"title":"Isolation and characterization of coliphages from different water sources and their biocontrol application combined with electron beam irradiation for elimination of E. coli in domestic wastewater","authors":"Reham Fathy, Amal S. Eid, Ali A. Hammad, Salwa A. Abou El-Nour","doi":"10.1186/s13213-024-01754-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13213-024-01754-x","url":null,"abstract":"Antibiotic-resistant bacteria, including Escherichia coli (E. coli), are high-risk waterborne pathogens that pose a vital threat to the general public’s health. Therefore, this study aims to develop alternative and affordable treatment approaches. Coliphage treatment is an economically and environmentally sustainable method for eliminating pathogenic bacteria. A significant step toward improving germicidal effectiveness might be to combine coliphage with electron beam treatment. Twelve isolated E. coli were used as host bacteria. In addition, eleven coliphages were isolated and characterized to determine their suitable host range and lytic activities. Antibiotic resistance was tested to detect the most antimicrobial-resistant E. coli isolates. Results indicated that E. coli-2 and E. coli-10 were the most resistant bacterial isolates. Both somatic coliphage-3 (S3) and F-specific coliphage-3 (F3) were the most active lytic coliphages. Based on transmission electron microscope analysis, S3 was classified as a member of the Myoviridae family, while F3 belonged to the Leviviridae family. Genome types were detected; the S3 genome was a linear double-stranded DNA virus, while the F3 genome was a single-strand RNA virus. The adjustment of pH to 7 and temperature to 38 °C increased coliphage activity by 32.2% for S3 and 14% for F3. The optimum multiplicity of infection (MOI) for S3 was 1:1 and 2:1 for F3. From the one-step growth curve, both the latent periods of S3 and F3 were estimated to be 30 and 20 min, and the burst sizes showed 5.8 and 4.6 (PFU)/infected cells, respectively. The D10 values of the most two antimicrobial-resistant strains (E. coli-2 and E. coli-10) were calculated, showing nearly identical values (0.37 and 0.38 kGy), respectively. Both coliphages were used, either alone or in combination with electron beam irradiation (EBI), to eradicate the most multidrug-resistant E. coli in domestic wastewater. EBI reduced the counts of E. coli-2 and -10 by 59% and 65%, respectively. While the combination of coliphages and EBI completely eradicated these microbes. Combination of each individual coliphage and EBI decreased the growth of E. coli in domestic wastewater to an undetectable level. ","PeriodicalId":8069,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139917527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-05DOI: 10.1186/s13213-024-01752-z
Tahir Khan, Hou Dong-Hai, Jin-Na Zhou, Yin-Long Yang, Hong Yu
Cordyceps fumosorosea is one of the common species within the Cordyceps genus, which are cultured on Periplaneta americana. This study aimed to determine the composition of bioactive compounds, including β-glucans, polysaccharides, cordycepic acid, flavonoids, ergosterol, and nitrogenous compounds (specifically nucleosides: adenosine, guanosine, adenine, and hypoxanthine), present in the mixture and mycelium at various time incubation. Different bioactive compounds, including β-1,3-glucan, polysaccharides, cordycepic acid, flavonoids, ergosterol, and nitrogenous compounds (specifically nucleosides: adenosine, guanosine, adenine, and hypoxanthine) are detected from C. fumosorosea which cultured on P. americana by UV and HPLC. Mycelia of C. fumosorosea were cultivated in P. americana (medium). The highest total β-1,3-glucan content was observed in the mixture (C. fumosorosea + P. americana) after 25 days (69.21 ± 0.07 mg/g) and in the mycelium after 25 days (56.32 ± 0.39 mg/g) using different solvents. The highest β-1,3-glucan content was attained at specific time incubation in other solvents. The content of cordycepic acid peaked at 52.28 ± 0.11 mg/g in the mixture after 25 days and at 46.96 ± 0.13 mg/g in the mycelium after 25 days. The polysaccharide content reached its highest level in the mixture after 20 days (16.68 ± 0.38 mg/g) and in the mycelium after 20 days (14.85 ± 0.10 mg/g). The peak flavonoid content was observed in the mixture after 25 days (4.65 ± 0.24 mg/g) and in the mycelium after 25 days (4.04 ± 0.07 mg/g). Nucleosides, including adenine, adenosine, hypoxanthine, and guanosine, exhibited their highest levels after 25 days in the mixture and mycelium. Ergosterol content peaks at 25 days (2.25 ± 0.04 mg/g). Cordyceps fumosorosea mixture and time incubation of 20 and 25 days are optimal for detecting a diverse array of bioactive compounds, including β-1,3-glucan, polysaccharides, cordycepic acid, flavonoids, ergosterol, and nucleosides.
{"title":"Comprehensive analysis of metabolites in the mycelium of Cordyceps fumosorosea cultured on Periplaneta americana","authors":"Tahir Khan, Hou Dong-Hai, Jin-Na Zhou, Yin-Long Yang, Hong Yu","doi":"10.1186/s13213-024-01752-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13213-024-01752-z","url":null,"abstract":"Cordyceps fumosorosea is one of the common species within the Cordyceps genus, which are cultured on Periplaneta americana. This study aimed to determine the composition of bioactive compounds, including β-glucans, polysaccharides, cordycepic acid, flavonoids, ergosterol, and nitrogenous compounds (specifically nucleosides: adenosine, guanosine, adenine, and hypoxanthine), present in the mixture and mycelium at various time incubation. Different bioactive compounds, including β-1,3-glucan, polysaccharides, cordycepic acid, flavonoids, ergosterol, and nitrogenous compounds (specifically nucleosides: adenosine, guanosine, adenine, and hypoxanthine) are detected from C. fumosorosea which cultured on P. americana by UV and HPLC. Mycelia of C. fumosorosea were cultivated in P. americana (medium). The highest total β-1,3-glucan content was observed in the mixture (C. fumosorosea + P. americana) after 25 days (69.21 ± 0.07 mg/g) and in the mycelium after 25 days (56.32 ± 0.39 mg/g) using different solvents. The highest β-1,3-glucan content was attained at specific time incubation in other solvents. The content of cordycepic acid peaked at 52.28 ± 0.11 mg/g in the mixture after 25 days and at 46.96 ± 0.13 mg/g in the mycelium after 25 days. The polysaccharide content reached its highest level in the mixture after 20 days (16.68 ± 0.38 mg/g) and in the mycelium after 20 days (14.85 ± 0.10 mg/g). The peak flavonoid content was observed in the mixture after 25 days (4.65 ± 0.24 mg/g) and in the mycelium after 25 days (4.04 ± 0.07 mg/g). Nucleosides, including adenine, adenosine, hypoxanthine, and guanosine, exhibited their highest levels after 25 days in the mixture and mycelium. Ergosterol content peaks at 25 days (2.25 ± 0.04 mg/g). Cordyceps fumosorosea mixture and time incubation of 20 and 25 days are optimal for detecting a diverse array of bioactive compounds, including β-1,3-glucan, polysaccharides, cordycepic acid, flavonoids, ergosterol, and nucleosides.","PeriodicalId":8069,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139689439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-26DOI: 10.1186/s13213-023-01745-4
Laura Keitel, Katharina Miebach, Lea Rummel, Stanislav Yordanov, Jochen Büchs
The anaerobic gut bacterium Phocaeicola vulgatus (formerly Bacteroides vulgatus) has a significant role in the human gut microbiome. It can produce bioactive compounds with antimicrobial properties and industrially relevant organic acids like succinate. However, there is a knowledge gap in understanding the metabolism of P. vulgatus, as cultivation of anaerobic gut bacteria is challenging and usually conducted with enriched microbiota cultures. We aim to close this gap by characterizing this anaerobe bacterium in different cultivation conditions and scales. In this work, axenic cultures were studied in a shake flask and 2 L fermenter scale to characterize the influence of initial pH, buffer concentration, osmolality, and product inhibition on growth and organic acid production by P. vulgatus. Both cultivation systems had online gas measurements for total gas and CO2 production. HPLC analysis generated closed carbon balances, accounting for all produced acids. Total gas transfer rates and CO2 transfer rates revealed that 65% of produced gas was attributed to H2, while just 35% was connected to CO2 production. A minimum buffer concentration of 50 mM MOPS and an initial pH of 7.3 were identified to mitigate pH inhibition in P. vulgatus cultivations with a defined minimal medium and glucose as substrate. The initial addition of lactate showed an inhibitory effect, starting at a concentration of 1 g L−1. On the contrary, initial acetate addition was beneficial for organic acid production. A comparison of a pH-buffered and a pH-controlled 2 L fermentation demonstrated a switch in acid production toward succinate under pH control. The study provides insight into improved cultivation conditions for the gut bacterium P. vulgatus and demonstrates a successful scale-up from the shake flask to the 2 L bioreactor. By applying pH control in the bioreactor, growth was increased, and the organic acid production was switched from lactate to succinate. Even though P. vulgatus could serve as a production organism for interesting bioactive compounds and organic acids, further characterization and improvement are necessary to improve titers.
厌氧肠道细菌 Phocaeicola vulgatus（原名 Bacteroides vulgatus）在人类肠道微生物组中发挥着重要作用。它可以产生具有抗菌特性的生物活性化合物以及琥珀酸等与工业相关的有机酸。然而，由于肠道厌氧菌的培养具有挑战性，而且通常是在富集微生物群培养物的情况下进行的，因此在了解 P. vulgatus 的新陈代谢方面还存在知识空白。我们的目标是通过在不同的培养条件和规模下描述这种厌氧菌的特征来填补这一空白。在这项工作中，我们研究了摇瓶和 2 升发酵罐中的轴生培养物，以确定初始 pH 值、缓冲液浓度、渗透压和产物抑制对 P. vulgatus 的生长和有机酸生产的影响。两种培养系统都有在线气体测量功能，用于测量总气体和二氧化碳的产生量。高效液相色谱分析得出了封闭的碳平衡，计算了所有产生的酸。总气体转移率和二氧化碳转移率显示，产生的气体中有 65% 是 H2，只有 35% 与二氧化碳的产生有关。确定了 50 mM MOPS 的最低缓冲浓度和 7.3 的初始 pH 值，以减轻以葡萄糖为底物的最低培养基对 P. vulgatus 的 pH 抑制作用。乳酸盐的初始添加浓度为 1 g L-1 时，会产生抑制作用。相反，初始添加醋酸盐有利于有机酸的产生。对 pH 缓冲发酵和 pH 受控的 2 升发酵进行比较后发现，在 pH 受控的情况下，酸的生产转向琥珀酸。这项研究深入探讨了肠道细菌 P. vulgatus 的改进培养条件，并证明了从摇瓶到 2 升生物反应器的成功放大。通过在生物反应器中应用 pH 控制，生长得到了提高，有机酸的生产也从乳酸转为琥珀酸。尽管 P. vulgatus 可以作为一种生产有趣的生物活性化合物和有机酸的生物体，但要提高滴度，还需要进一步的表征和改进。
{"title":"Process analysis of the anaerobe Phocaeicola vulgatus in a shake flasks and fermenter reveals pH and product inhibition","authors":"Laura Keitel, Katharina Miebach, Lea Rummel, Stanislav Yordanov, Jochen Büchs","doi":"10.1186/s13213-023-01745-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13213-023-01745-4","url":null,"abstract":"The anaerobic gut bacterium Phocaeicola vulgatus (formerly Bacteroides vulgatus) has a significant role in the human gut microbiome. It can produce bioactive compounds with antimicrobial properties and industrially relevant organic acids like succinate. However, there is a knowledge gap in understanding the metabolism of P. vulgatus, as cultivation of anaerobic gut bacteria is challenging and usually conducted with enriched microbiota cultures. We aim to close this gap by characterizing this anaerobe bacterium in different cultivation conditions and scales. In this work, axenic cultures were studied in a shake flask and 2 L fermenter scale to characterize the influence of initial pH, buffer concentration, osmolality, and product inhibition on growth and organic acid production by P. vulgatus. Both cultivation systems had online gas measurements for total gas and CO2 production. HPLC analysis generated closed carbon balances, accounting for all produced acids. Total gas transfer rates and CO2 transfer rates revealed that 65% of produced gas was attributed to H2, while just 35% was connected to CO2 production. A minimum buffer concentration of 50 mM MOPS and an initial pH of 7.3 were identified to mitigate pH inhibition in P. vulgatus cultivations with a defined minimal medium and glucose as substrate. The initial addition of lactate showed an inhibitory effect, starting at a concentration of 1 g L−1. On the contrary, initial acetate addition was beneficial for organic acid production. A comparison of a pH-buffered and a pH-controlled 2 L fermentation demonstrated a switch in acid production toward succinate under pH control. The study provides insight into improved cultivation conditions for the gut bacterium P. vulgatus and demonstrates a successful scale-up from the shake flask to the 2 L bioreactor. By applying pH control in the bioreactor, growth was increased, and the organic acid production was switched from lactate to succinate. Even though P. vulgatus could serve as a production organism for interesting bioactive compounds and organic acids, further characterization and improvement are necessary to improve titers.","PeriodicalId":8069,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139590267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This research was conducted to investigate the potential of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in protecting organs from heat stress-induced injuries and gut microbiota modulation. Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly assigned to various groups including a control group, a room temperature training group, a hyperthermia training group, SCFAs pretreatment group, and recipients received feces from the HT group. After strenuous training at high temperatures, the levels of plasma enzymes AST, ALT, BUN, and Cr were evaluated. The changes in gut microbiota and fecal metabolites were detected using 16S rRNA sequencing and GC–MS methods. Pathological examination of colon and liver tissues was conducted, and immunohistochemical techniques were employed to assess intestinal barrier function. The findings indicate that SCFAs hold the potential for mitigating liver and colon damage caused by heat stress. With the intervention of SCFAs, there were observable changes in the structure and metabolites of the intestinal microbiota, as well as improvements in intestinal barrier function. Further support for the benefits of SCFAs was found through fecal microbiota transplantation, which demonstrated that modified gut microbiota can effectively reduce organ damage. This study provides evidence that SCFAs, as metabolites of the gut microbiota, have a valuable role to play in regulating gut health and mitigating the harmful effects of heat stress.
{"title":"Protective effects of SCFAs on organ injury and gut microbiota modulation in heat-stressed rats","authors":"Zhan Yang, Chengliang Tang, Xuewei Sun, Zihan Wu, Xiaojing Zhu, Qian Cui, Ruonan Zhang, Xinrui Zhang, Yunxin Su, Yinghua Mao, Chunhui Wang, Feng Zheng, Jin Zhu","doi":"10.1186/s13213-023-01746-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13213-023-01746-3","url":null,"abstract":"This research was conducted to investigate the potential of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in protecting organs from heat stress-induced injuries and gut microbiota modulation. Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly assigned to various groups including a control group, a room temperature training group, a hyperthermia training group, SCFAs pretreatment group, and recipients received feces from the HT group. After strenuous training at high temperatures, the levels of plasma enzymes AST, ALT, BUN, and Cr were evaluated. The changes in gut microbiota and fecal metabolites were detected using 16S rRNA sequencing and GC–MS methods. Pathological examination of colon and liver tissues was conducted, and immunohistochemical techniques were employed to assess intestinal barrier function. The findings indicate that SCFAs hold the potential for mitigating liver and colon damage caused by heat stress. With the intervention of SCFAs, there were observable changes in the structure and metabolites of the intestinal microbiota, as well as improvements in intestinal barrier function. Further support for the benefits of SCFAs was found through fecal microbiota transplantation, which demonstrated that modified gut microbiota can effectively reduce organ damage. This study provides evidence that SCFAs, as metabolites of the gut microbiota, have a valuable role to play in regulating gut health and mitigating the harmful effects of heat stress.","PeriodicalId":8069,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139578557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The ecological interdependence between macroorganisms and their microbial communities promotes stable associations over time, potentially leading to their evolutionary co-diversification. The detection of intricate eco-evolutionary interactions between animals and their microbiota is challenging, primarily due to complex bacterial communities related to poorly resolved host population structure. Strikingly, co-diversification in invertebrates, characterized by generally less complex microbiota, remains largely unexplored. Here, we compared the bacterial communities associated with two distinct lineages of Nacella limpets, a dominant shallow water patellogastropod of the Southern Ocean shores with a well-described population structure. Our goals were to elucidate the uniqueness of Nacella microbiota, resulting from an ecological filter that selectively favors certain bacterial taxa. Additionally, we aimed to depict the genetic structure of bacterial symbiont seeking evidence of co-diversification with Nacella. We sequence the V4-V5 regions of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene in three distinct microenvironments associated with Nacella: rock substrate, radula, and whole intestine. These samples were collected from two populations of Nacella deaurata and Nacella concinna, located in the West Antarctic Peninsula and Falkland/Malvinas Islands, respectively. We assessed ecological filtering patterns in the limpet microbiota, uncovering unique bacterial communities in both radulas and intestines, with specifically enriched bacterial taxa compared to the surrounding environment. By examining microdiversity patterns of core bacterial taxa, we revealed a deep phylogeographic structure of Psychrilyobacter in Nacella intestines. We highlight the Southern Ocean limpets of the Nacella genus as a novel and promising model for studying co-diversification between marine mollusks and their resident microbiota.
{"title":"Ecological filtering and phylogeographic structuring of Psychrilyobacter within two closely related limpet species from the Southern Ocean","authors":"Guillaume Schwob, Sebastián Rosenfeld, Claudio González-Wevar, Julieta Orlando","doi":"10.1186/s13213-024-01751-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13213-024-01751-0","url":null,"abstract":"The ecological interdependence between macroorganisms and their microbial communities promotes stable associations over time, potentially leading to their evolutionary co-diversification. The detection of intricate eco-evolutionary interactions between animals and their microbiota is challenging, primarily due to complex bacterial communities related to poorly resolved host population structure. Strikingly, co-diversification in invertebrates, characterized by generally less complex microbiota, remains largely unexplored. Here, we compared the bacterial communities associated with two distinct lineages of Nacella limpets, a dominant shallow water patellogastropod of the Southern Ocean shores with a well-described population structure. Our goals were to elucidate the uniqueness of Nacella microbiota, resulting from an ecological filter that selectively favors certain bacterial taxa. Additionally, we aimed to depict the genetic structure of bacterial symbiont seeking evidence of co-diversification with Nacella. We sequence the V4-V5 regions of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene in three distinct microenvironments associated with Nacella: rock substrate, radula, and whole intestine. These samples were collected from two populations of Nacella deaurata and Nacella concinna, located in the West Antarctic Peninsula and Falkland/Malvinas Islands, respectively. We assessed ecological filtering patterns in the limpet microbiota, uncovering unique bacterial communities in both radulas and intestines, with specifically enriched bacterial taxa compared to the surrounding environment. By examining microdiversity patterns of core bacterial taxa, we revealed a deep phylogeographic structure of Psychrilyobacter in Nacella intestines. We highlight the Southern Ocean limpets of the Nacella genus as a novel and promising model for studying co-diversification between marine mollusks and their resident microbiota.","PeriodicalId":8069,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139578650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Continuous cropping challenges constrain the development of agriculture. Three main obstacles limit continuous cropping: autotoxicity of plant allelochemicals, deterioration of physicochemical characteristics of soil, and microflora imbalance. Plant-derived phenolic acids can cause autotoxicity, which is considered the main factor mediating continuous cropping obstacles. Reducing the phenolic acids in continuous cropping soils can decrease the autotoxicity of phenolic acids and ameliorate continuous cropping obstacles. Therefore, it is important to study the microbial resources that degrade allelochemical phenolic acids. Thus, the bacterial strain V4 that can degrade phenolic acids was isolated, identified, and genomically analyzed. Strain V4 isolated from strawberry soil using vanillic acid-mineral agar was identified as a Gram-negative short rod bacterium. Subsequent 16S rRNA phylogenetic analysis revealed that V4 clustered with members of the genus Sphingobium. The most closely related species were Sphingobium lactosutens DS20T (99% similarity) and Sphingobium abikonense NBRC 16140T (97.5% similarity). V4 also shared > 95% sequence similarity with other members of Sphingobium, so Sphingobium sp. V4 was named accordingly. Biochemical tests revealed that the biochemical characteristics of Sphingobium sp. V4 were similar to its most similar strains except for some properties. Sphingobium sp. V4 effectively degraded vanillic acid, ferulic acid, p-coumaric acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, and syringic acid. V4 grew best at the conditions of 30 °C, pH 6.0–7.0, and 0–0.05% NaCl. 500 mg/L vanillic acid was completely degraded by V4 within 24 h under the optimal conditions. Whole genome analysis showed that Sphingobium sp. V4 contained one chromosome and three plasmids. Two genes involved in vanillic acid degradation were found in the V4 genome: the gene encoding vanillate O-demethylase oxidoreductase VanB on the chromosome and the gene encoding vanillate monooxygenase on a large plasmid. The organization of vanillate catabolic genes differed from the adjacent organization of the genes, encoding vanillate o-demethylase VanA and VanB subunits, in Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter. The isolated bacterium Sphingobium sp. V4 degraded multiple phenolic acids. Its properties and genome were further analyzed. The study provides support for further investigation and application of this phenolic acid-degrading microorganism to alleviate continuous cropping obstacles in agriculture.
{"title":"Sphingobium sp. V4, a bacterium degrading multiple allelochemical phenolic acids","authors":"Chunyang Zhang, Shuping Liu, Qingying Guo, Demin Li, Zelin Li, Qinyuan Ma, Hong Liu, Qian Zhao, Hongliang Liu, Zhongfeng Ding, Weihua Gong, Yuhao Gao","doi":"10.1186/s13213-024-01750-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13213-024-01750-1","url":null,"abstract":"Continuous cropping challenges constrain the development of agriculture. Three main obstacles limit continuous cropping: autotoxicity of plant allelochemicals, deterioration of physicochemical characteristics of soil, and microflora imbalance. Plant-derived phenolic acids can cause autotoxicity, which is considered the main factor mediating continuous cropping obstacles. Reducing the phenolic acids in continuous cropping soils can decrease the autotoxicity of phenolic acids and ameliorate continuous cropping obstacles. Therefore, it is important to study the microbial resources that degrade allelochemical phenolic acids. Thus, the bacterial strain V4 that can degrade phenolic acids was isolated, identified, and genomically analyzed. Strain V4 isolated from strawberry soil using vanillic acid-mineral agar was identified as a Gram-negative short rod bacterium. Subsequent 16S rRNA phylogenetic analysis revealed that V4 clustered with members of the genus Sphingobium. The most closely related species were Sphingobium lactosutens DS20T (99% similarity) and Sphingobium abikonense NBRC 16140T (97.5% similarity). V4 also shared > 95% sequence similarity with other members of Sphingobium, so Sphingobium sp. V4 was named accordingly. Biochemical tests revealed that the biochemical characteristics of Sphingobium sp. V4 were similar to its most similar strains except for some properties. Sphingobium sp. V4 effectively degraded vanillic acid, ferulic acid, p-coumaric acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, and syringic acid. V4 grew best at the conditions of 30 °C, pH 6.0–7.0, and 0–0.05% NaCl. 500 mg/L vanillic acid was completely degraded by V4 within 24 h under the optimal conditions. Whole genome analysis showed that Sphingobium sp. V4 contained one chromosome and three plasmids. Two genes involved in vanillic acid degradation were found in the V4 genome: the gene encoding vanillate O-demethylase oxidoreductase VanB on the chromosome and the gene encoding vanillate monooxygenase on a large plasmid. The organization of vanillate catabolic genes differed from the adjacent organization of the genes, encoding vanillate o-demethylase VanA and VanB subunits, in Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter. The isolated bacterium Sphingobium sp. V4 degraded multiple phenolic acids. Its properties and genome were further analyzed. The study provides support for further investigation and application of this phenolic acid-degrading microorganism to alleviate continuous cropping obstacles in agriculture.","PeriodicalId":8069,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139560801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-22DOI: 10.1186/s13213-023-01748-1
Bo Gong, Yi He, Zhenbao Luo, Huawei Peng, Heqing Cai, Yuening Zhu, Jun Bin, Mengjiao Ding
The health of rhizosphere soil microorganisms is an important indicator to evaluate soil quality. Therefore, understanding the response of rhizosphere soil microorganisms to tobacco crop succession is crucial for promoting the sustainable development of agriculture. The microbial diversity and community structure of rhizosphere soil in continuous cropping and non-cropped tobacco for 7 years were analyzed by the Illumina platform. (1) Continuous cropping tobacco cause rhizosphere soil acidification and reduction in alkaline nitrogen (AN) and soil organic matter (SOM). (2) Continuous cropping tobacco reduces the diversity of rhizosphere soil microbial communities, increasing harmful functional microorganisms and declining beneficial ones. (3) The abundance of bacteria that perform nitrification and saprophytic fungi in the rhizosphere soil of continuous cropping areas decreases, inhibiting carbon and nitrogen cycling processes. (4) The composition and diversity of the soil rhizosphere microbial community are affected by the imbalance in the physicochemical property of the rhizosphere. Continuous cropping tobacco cause rhizosphere soil acidification and nutrient imbalance, and the carbon and nitrogen cycles involved in microorganisms were damaged. Furthermore, the decreased diversity of rhizosphere soil microorganisms and the increased abundance of pathogenic fungi contribute to the continuous cropping obstacles of tobacco.
{"title":"Response of rhizosphere soil physicochemical properties and microbial community structure to continuous cultivation of tobacco","authors":"Bo Gong, Yi He, Zhenbao Luo, Huawei Peng, Heqing Cai, Yuening Zhu, Jun Bin, Mengjiao Ding","doi":"10.1186/s13213-023-01748-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13213-023-01748-1","url":null,"abstract":"The health of rhizosphere soil microorganisms is an important indicator to evaluate soil quality. Therefore, understanding the response of rhizosphere soil microorganisms to tobacco crop succession is crucial for promoting the sustainable development of agriculture. The microbial diversity and community structure of rhizosphere soil in continuous cropping and non-cropped tobacco for 7 years were analyzed by the Illumina platform. (1) Continuous cropping tobacco cause rhizosphere soil acidification and reduction in alkaline nitrogen (AN) and soil organic matter (SOM). (2) Continuous cropping tobacco reduces the diversity of rhizosphere soil microbial communities, increasing harmful functional microorganisms and declining beneficial ones. (3) The abundance of bacteria that perform nitrification and saprophytic fungi in the rhizosphere soil of continuous cropping areas decreases, inhibiting carbon and nitrogen cycling processes. (4) The composition and diversity of the soil rhizosphere microbial community are affected by the imbalance in the physicochemical property of the rhizosphere. Continuous cropping tobacco cause rhizosphere soil acidification and nutrient imbalance, and the carbon and nitrogen cycles involved in microorganisms were damaged. Furthermore, the decreased diversity of rhizosphere soil microorganisms and the increased abundance of pathogenic fungi contribute to the continuous cropping obstacles of tobacco.","PeriodicalId":8069,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139517117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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