This research was conducted to investigate the potential of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in protecting organs from heat stress-induced injuries and gut microbiota modulation. Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly assigned to various groups including a control group, a room temperature training group, a hyperthermia training group, SCFAs pretreatment group, and recipients received feces from the HT group. After strenuous training at high temperatures, the levels of plasma enzymes AST, ALT, BUN, and Cr were evaluated. The changes in gut microbiota and fecal metabolites were detected using 16S rRNA sequencing and GC–MS methods. Pathological examination of colon and liver tissues was conducted, and immunohistochemical techniques were employed to assess intestinal barrier function. The findings indicate that SCFAs hold the potential for mitigating liver and colon damage caused by heat stress. With the intervention of SCFAs, there were observable changes in the structure and metabolites of the intestinal microbiota, as well as improvements in intestinal barrier function. Further support for the benefits of SCFAs was found through fecal microbiota transplantation, which demonstrated that modified gut microbiota can effectively reduce organ damage. This study provides evidence that SCFAs, as metabolites of the gut microbiota, have a valuable role to play in regulating gut health and mitigating the harmful effects of heat stress.
{"title":"Protective effects of SCFAs on organ injury and gut microbiota modulation in heat-stressed rats","authors":"Zhan Yang, Chengliang Tang, Xuewei Sun, Zihan Wu, Xiaojing Zhu, Qian Cui, Ruonan Zhang, Xinrui Zhang, Yunxin Su, Yinghua Mao, Chunhui Wang, Feng Zheng, Jin Zhu","doi":"10.1186/s13213-023-01746-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13213-023-01746-3","url":null,"abstract":"This research was conducted to investigate the potential of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in protecting organs from heat stress-induced injuries and gut microbiota modulation. Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly assigned to various groups including a control group, a room temperature training group, a hyperthermia training group, SCFAs pretreatment group, and recipients received feces from the HT group. After strenuous training at high temperatures, the levels of plasma enzymes AST, ALT, BUN, and Cr were evaluated. The changes in gut microbiota and fecal metabolites were detected using 16S rRNA sequencing and GC–MS methods. Pathological examination of colon and liver tissues was conducted, and immunohistochemical techniques were employed to assess intestinal barrier function. The findings indicate that SCFAs hold the potential for mitigating liver and colon damage caused by heat stress. With the intervention of SCFAs, there were observable changes in the structure and metabolites of the intestinal microbiota, as well as improvements in intestinal barrier function. Further support for the benefits of SCFAs was found through fecal microbiota transplantation, which demonstrated that modified gut microbiota can effectively reduce organ damage. This study provides evidence that SCFAs, as metabolites of the gut microbiota, have a valuable role to play in regulating gut health and mitigating the harmful effects of heat stress.","PeriodicalId":8069,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Microbiology","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139578557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The ecological interdependence between macroorganisms and their microbial communities promotes stable associations over time, potentially leading to their evolutionary co-diversification. The detection of intricate eco-evolutionary interactions between animals and their microbiota is challenging, primarily due to complex bacterial communities related to poorly resolved host population structure. Strikingly, co-diversification in invertebrates, characterized by generally less complex microbiota, remains largely unexplored. Here, we compared the bacterial communities associated with two distinct lineages of Nacella limpets, a dominant shallow water patellogastropod of the Southern Ocean shores with a well-described population structure. Our goals were to elucidate the uniqueness of Nacella microbiota, resulting from an ecological filter that selectively favors certain bacterial taxa. Additionally, we aimed to depict the genetic structure of bacterial symbiont seeking evidence of co-diversification with Nacella. We sequence the V4-V5 regions of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene in three distinct microenvironments associated with Nacella: rock substrate, radula, and whole intestine. These samples were collected from two populations of Nacella deaurata and Nacella concinna, located in the West Antarctic Peninsula and Falkland/Malvinas Islands, respectively. We assessed ecological filtering patterns in the limpet microbiota, uncovering unique bacterial communities in both radulas and intestines, with specifically enriched bacterial taxa compared to the surrounding environment. By examining microdiversity patterns of core bacterial taxa, we revealed a deep phylogeographic structure of Psychrilyobacter in Nacella intestines. We highlight the Southern Ocean limpets of the Nacella genus as a novel and promising model for studying co-diversification between marine mollusks and their resident microbiota.
{"title":"Ecological filtering and phylogeographic structuring of Psychrilyobacter within two closely related limpet species from the Southern Ocean","authors":"Guillaume Schwob, Sebastián Rosenfeld, Claudio González-Wevar, Julieta Orlando","doi":"10.1186/s13213-024-01751-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13213-024-01751-0","url":null,"abstract":"The ecological interdependence between macroorganisms and their microbial communities promotes stable associations over time, potentially leading to their evolutionary co-diversification. The detection of intricate eco-evolutionary interactions between animals and their microbiota is challenging, primarily due to complex bacterial communities related to poorly resolved host population structure. Strikingly, co-diversification in invertebrates, characterized by generally less complex microbiota, remains largely unexplored. Here, we compared the bacterial communities associated with two distinct lineages of Nacella limpets, a dominant shallow water patellogastropod of the Southern Ocean shores with a well-described population structure. Our goals were to elucidate the uniqueness of Nacella microbiota, resulting from an ecological filter that selectively favors certain bacterial taxa. Additionally, we aimed to depict the genetic structure of bacterial symbiont seeking evidence of co-diversification with Nacella. We sequence the V4-V5 regions of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene in three distinct microenvironments associated with Nacella: rock substrate, radula, and whole intestine. These samples were collected from two populations of Nacella deaurata and Nacella concinna, located in the West Antarctic Peninsula and Falkland/Malvinas Islands, respectively. We assessed ecological filtering patterns in the limpet microbiota, uncovering unique bacterial communities in both radulas and intestines, with specifically enriched bacterial taxa compared to the surrounding environment. By examining microdiversity patterns of core bacterial taxa, we revealed a deep phylogeographic structure of Psychrilyobacter in Nacella intestines. We highlight the Southern Ocean limpets of the Nacella genus as a novel and promising model for studying co-diversification between marine mollusks and their resident microbiota.","PeriodicalId":8069,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Microbiology","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139578650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Continuous cropping challenges constrain the development of agriculture. Three main obstacles limit continuous cropping: autotoxicity of plant allelochemicals, deterioration of physicochemical characteristics of soil, and microflora imbalance. Plant-derived phenolic acids can cause autotoxicity, which is considered the main factor mediating continuous cropping obstacles. Reducing the phenolic acids in continuous cropping soils can decrease the autotoxicity of phenolic acids and ameliorate continuous cropping obstacles. Therefore, it is important to study the microbial resources that degrade allelochemical phenolic acids. Thus, the bacterial strain V4 that can degrade phenolic acids was isolated, identified, and genomically analyzed. Strain V4 isolated from strawberry soil using vanillic acid-mineral agar was identified as a Gram-negative short rod bacterium. Subsequent 16S rRNA phylogenetic analysis revealed that V4 clustered with members of the genus Sphingobium. The most closely related species were Sphingobium lactosutens DS20T (99% similarity) and Sphingobium abikonense NBRC 16140T (97.5% similarity). V4 also shared > 95% sequence similarity with other members of Sphingobium, so Sphingobium sp. V4 was named accordingly. Biochemical tests revealed that the biochemical characteristics of Sphingobium sp. V4 were similar to its most similar strains except for some properties. Sphingobium sp. V4 effectively degraded vanillic acid, ferulic acid, p-coumaric acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, and syringic acid. V4 grew best at the conditions of 30 °C, pH 6.0–7.0, and 0–0.05% NaCl. 500 mg/L vanillic acid was completely degraded by V4 within 24 h under the optimal conditions. Whole genome analysis showed that Sphingobium sp. V4 contained one chromosome and three plasmids. Two genes involved in vanillic acid degradation were found in the V4 genome: the gene encoding vanillate O-demethylase oxidoreductase VanB on the chromosome and the gene encoding vanillate monooxygenase on a large plasmid. The organization of vanillate catabolic genes differed from the adjacent organization of the genes, encoding vanillate o-demethylase VanA and VanB subunits, in Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter. The isolated bacterium Sphingobium sp. V4 degraded multiple phenolic acids. Its properties and genome were further analyzed. The study provides support for further investigation and application of this phenolic acid-degrading microorganism to alleviate continuous cropping obstacles in agriculture.
{"title":"Sphingobium sp. V4, a bacterium degrading multiple allelochemical phenolic acids","authors":"Chunyang Zhang, Shuping Liu, Qingying Guo, Demin Li, Zelin Li, Qinyuan Ma, Hong Liu, Qian Zhao, Hongliang Liu, Zhongfeng Ding, Weihua Gong, Yuhao Gao","doi":"10.1186/s13213-024-01750-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13213-024-01750-1","url":null,"abstract":"Continuous cropping challenges constrain the development of agriculture. Three main obstacles limit continuous cropping: autotoxicity of plant allelochemicals, deterioration of physicochemical characteristics of soil, and microflora imbalance. Plant-derived phenolic acids can cause autotoxicity, which is considered the main factor mediating continuous cropping obstacles. Reducing the phenolic acids in continuous cropping soils can decrease the autotoxicity of phenolic acids and ameliorate continuous cropping obstacles. Therefore, it is important to study the microbial resources that degrade allelochemical phenolic acids. Thus, the bacterial strain V4 that can degrade phenolic acids was isolated, identified, and genomically analyzed. Strain V4 isolated from strawberry soil using vanillic acid-mineral agar was identified as a Gram-negative short rod bacterium. Subsequent 16S rRNA phylogenetic analysis revealed that V4 clustered with members of the genus Sphingobium. The most closely related species were Sphingobium lactosutens DS20T (99% similarity) and Sphingobium abikonense NBRC 16140T (97.5% similarity). V4 also shared > 95% sequence similarity with other members of Sphingobium, so Sphingobium sp. V4 was named accordingly. Biochemical tests revealed that the biochemical characteristics of Sphingobium sp. V4 were similar to its most similar strains except for some properties. Sphingobium sp. V4 effectively degraded vanillic acid, ferulic acid, p-coumaric acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, and syringic acid. V4 grew best at the conditions of 30 °C, pH 6.0–7.0, and 0–0.05% NaCl. 500 mg/L vanillic acid was completely degraded by V4 within 24 h under the optimal conditions. Whole genome analysis showed that Sphingobium sp. V4 contained one chromosome and three plasmids. Two genes involved in vanillic acid degradation were found in the V4 genome: the gene encoding vanillate O-demethylase oxidoreductase VanB on the chromosome and the gene encoding vanillate monooxygenase on a large plasmid. The organization of vanillate catabolic genes differed from the adjacent organization of the genes, encoding vanillate o-demethylase VanA and VanB subunits, in Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter. The isolated bacterium Sphingobium sp. V4 degraded multiple phenolic acids. Its properties and genome were further analyzed. The study provides support for further investigation and application of this phenolic acid-degrading microorganism to alleviate continuous cropping obstacles in agriculture.","PeriodicalId":8069,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Microbiology","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139560801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-22DOI: 10.1186/s13213-023-01748-1
Bo Gong, Yi He, Zhenbao Luo, Huawei Peng, Heqing Cai, Yuening Zhu, Jun Bin, Mengjiao Ding
The health of rhizosphere soil microorganisms is an important indicator to evaluate soil quality. Therefore, understanding the response of rhizosphere soil microorganisms to tobacco crop succession is crucial for promoting the sustainable development of agriculture. The microbial diversity and community structure of rhizosphere soil in continuous cropping and non-cropped tobacco for 7 years were analyzed by the Illumina platform. (1) Continuous cropping tobacco cause rhizosphere soil acidification and reduction in alkaline nitrogen (AN) and soil organic matter (SOM). (2) Continuous cropping tobacco reduces the diversity of rhizosphere soil microbial communities, increasing harmful functional microorganisms and declining beneficial ones. (3) The abundance of bacteria that perform nitrification and saprophytic fungi in the rhizosphere soil of continuous cropping areas decreases, inhibiting carbon and nitrogen cycling processes. (4) The composition and diversity of the soil rhizosphere microbial community are affected by the imbalance in the physicochemical property of the rhizosphere. Continuous cropping tobacco cause rhizosphere soil acidification and nutrient imbalance, and the carbon and nitrogen cycles involved in microorganisms were damaged. Furthermore, the decreased diversity of rhizosphere soil microorganisms and the increased abundance of pathogenic fungi contribute to the continuous cropping obstacles of tobacco.
{"title":"Response of rhizosphere soil physicochemical properties and microbial community structure to continuous cultivation of tobacco","authors":"Bo Gong, Yi He, Zhenbao Luo, Huawei Peng, Heqing Cai, Yuening Zhu, Jun Bin, Mengjiao Ding","doi":"10.1186/s13213-023-01748-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13213-023-01748-1","url":null,"abstract":"The health of rhizosphere soil microorganisms is an important indicator to evaluate soil quality. Therefore, understanding the response of rhizosphere soil microorganisms to tobacco crop succession is crucial for promoting the sustainable development of agriculture. The microbial diversity and community structure of rhizosphere soil in continuous cropping and non-cropped tobacco for 7 years were analyzed by the Illumina platform. (1) Continuous cropping tobacco cause rhizosphere soil acidification and reduction in alkaline nitrogen (AN) and soil organic matter (SOM). (2) Continuous cropping tobacco reduces the diversity of rhizosphere soil microbial communities, increasing harmful functional microorganisms and declining beneficial ones. (3) The abundance of bacteria that perform nitrification and saprophytic fungi in the rhizosphere soil of continuous cropping areas decreases, inhibiting carbon and nitrogen cycling processes. (4) The composition and diversity of the soil rhizosphere microbial community are affected by the imbalance in the physicochemical property of the rhizosphere. Continuous cropping tobacco cause rhizosphere soil acidification and nutrient imbalance, and the carbon and nitrogen cycles involved in microorganisms were damaged. Furthermore, the decreased diversity of rhizosphere soil microorganisms and the increased abundance of pathogenic fungi contribute to the continuous cropping obstacles of tobacco.","PeriodicalId":8069,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Microbiology","volume":"84 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139517117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-17DOI: 10.1186/s13213-024-01749-8
Giulia Zardinoni, Saptarathi Deb, Samathmika Ravi, Lucia Giagnoni, Piergiorgio Fumelli, Alessandra Tondello, Mauro Dacasto, Andrea Squartini, Carlo Spanu, Angela Trocino, Piergiorgio Stevanato
Lagoons are important natural systems, with attractive favorable conditions for aquaculture production, such as shellfish cultivation. Despite their socio-economic relevance for human activity, information on the microbial diversity, community composition, and putative functions of gill-associated microbiota and seawater is still limited, particularly as regards the extent of specific taxa enrichment within the gills and the relative effects of the temporal and spatial variables. In this study, we used a 16S rDNA multi-amplicon sequencing approach using an Ion GeneStudio S5 System and a function prediction method (Functional Annotation of Prokaryotic Taxa (FAPROTAX), to inspect the springtime dynamics of microbial communities and their inferred metabolic features in an Adriatic lagoon (Po Delta, Italy). Mussels and surrounding seawater were sampled in two rearing areas three times between April and June 2021. Sequencing results showed significant (p ≤ 0.05) differences in bacterial community composition and diversity between gills and seawater. Gills were dominated by the Methylobacterium-Methylorubrum and Burkholderia-Caballeronia-Paraburkholderia genera, while in seawater samples Izamaplasma, Planktomarina, and Candidatus Aquiluna were detected as being dominant. The microbiota composition did not differ significantly between the two rearing areas. The sampling time, although limited to a 3-month timeframe, instead revealed a structural variation of the bacterial profile both in gills and seawater for alpha and beta diversities respectively. The functional prediction analysis highlighted an overexpression of human gut-associated bacteria in relation to the season-related increase in seawater temperature. These findings enhance our understanding of the differences between gill-associated and seawater microbiota composition and provide novel insights into the functions carried out by bacteria inhabiting these niches, as well as on the key host-symbiont relationships of bivalves in lagoon environments.
{"title":"Difference in composition and functional analysis of bacterial communities between Mytilus galloprovincialis gills and surrounding water in a brackish inshore bay, analyzed by 16S rDNA multi-amplicon sequencing","authors":"Giulia Zardinoni, Saptarathi Deb, Samathmika Ravi, Lucia Giagnoni, Piergiorgio Fumelli, Alessandra Tondello, Mauro Dacasto, Andrea Squartini, Carlo Spanu, Angela Trocino, Piergiorgio Stevanato","doi":"10.1186/s13213-024-01749-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13213-024-01749-8","url":null,"abstract":"Lagoons are important natural systems, with attractive favorable conditions for aquaculture production, such as shellfish cultivation. Despite their socio-economic relevance for human activity, information on the microbial diversity, community composition, and putative functions of gill-associated microbiota and seawater is still limited, particularly as regards the extent of specific taxa enrichment within the gills and the relative effects of the temporal and spatial variables. In this study, we used a 16S rDNA multi-amplicon sequencing approach using an Ion GeneStudio S5 System and a function prediction method (Functional Annotation of Prokaryotic Taxa (FAPROTAX), to inspect the springtime dynamics of microbial communities and their inferred metabolic features in an Adriatic lagoon (Po Delta, Italy). Mussels and surrounding seawater were sampled in two rearing areas three times between April and June 2021. Sequencing results showed significant (p ≤ 0.05) differences in bacterial community composition and diversity between gills and seawater. Gills were dominated by the Methylobacterium-Methylorubrum and Burkholderia-Caballeronia-Paraburkholderia genera, while in seawater samples Izamaplasma, Planktomarina, and Candidatus Aquiluna were detected as being dominant. The microbiota composition did not differ significantly between the two rearing areas. The sampling time, although limited to a 3-month timeframe, instead revealed a structural variation of the bacterial profile both in gills and seawater for alpha and beta diversities respectively. The functional prediction analysis highlighted an overexpression of human gut-associated bacteria in relation to the season-related increase in seawater temperature. These findings enhance our understanding of the differences between gill-associated and seawater microbiota composition and provide novel insights into the functions carried out by bacteria inhabiting these niches, as well as on the key host-symbiont relationships of bivalves in lagoon environments.","PeriodicalId":8069,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Microbiology","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139483259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-13DOI: 10.1186/s13213-023-01747-2
Haisheng He, Sijia Bao, Yannan Wu, Deli Tong
{"title":"Remediation of copper-contaminated soils and growth enhancement of Pakchoi (B. chinensis L.) via biofertilizers composed of new Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SYNU1","authors":"Haisheng He, Sijia Bao, Yannan Wu, Deli Tong","doi":"10.1186/s13213-023-01747-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13213-023-01747-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8069,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Microbiology","volume":"17 12","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139437231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-03DOI: 10.1186/s13213-023-01744-5
Mansoor Khaledi, Behnam Poureslamfar, Hashem O. Alsaab, Shahrad Tafaghodi, Ahmed Hjazi, Rajesh Singh, Ahmed Hussien Alawadi, Ali Alsaalamy, Qutaiba A. Qasim, Fatemeh Sameni
The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in regulating the host’s immune responses during aging, which was characterized by a different abundance of bacteria in several age groups. Gut microbiota dysbiosis is associated with aging, antibiotic exposure, underlying diseases, infections, hormonal variations, circadian rhythm, and malnutrition, either singularly or in combination. The appropriate use of prebiotics and probiotics may be able to prevent or reduce this disruption. The current review focuses on the gut microbiota composition across the life cycle, factors affecting gut microbiota changes with aging, and interventions to modulate gut microbiota.
{"title":"The role of gut microbiota in human metabolism and inflammatory diseases: a focus on elderly individuals","authors":"Mansoor Khaledi, Behnam Poureslamfar, Hashem O. Alsaab, Shahrad Tafaghodi, Ahmed Hjazi, Rajesh Singh, Ahmed Hussien Alawadi, Ali Alsaalamy, Qutaiba A. Qasim, Fatemeh Sameni","doi":"10.1186/s13213-023-01744-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13213-023-01744-5","url":null,"abstract":"The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in regulating the host’s immune responses during aging, which was characterized by a different abundance of bacteria in several age groups. Gut microbiota dysbiosis is associated with aging, antibiotic exposure, underlying diseases, infections, hormonal variations, circadian rhythm, and malnutrition, either singularly or in combination. The appropriate use of prebiotics and probiotics may be able to prevent or reduce this disruption. The current review focuses on the gut microbiota composition across the life cycle, factors affecting gut microbiota changes with aging, and interventions to modulate gut microbiota.","PeriodicalId":8069,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Microbiology","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139095209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-15DOI: 10.1186/s13213-023-01742-7
Jinmei Guo, Jianfeng Li, Shuqing Zhang, Ping Chen
To determine the differences in the microbial communities in the Camellia sinensis L. hairy root, lateral root, and main root rhizospheres in Anping Village, Kaiyang County, Guizhou Province, the community structure, diversity, and main dominant species of bacteria and fungi in different parts of the soil were analyzed by ITS and 16S sequencing. In the rhizosphere soil of the main root, lateral root, and hairy root of Camellia sinensis L., there were significant differences in the diversity and richness of the bacterial and fungal communities. The bacterial diversity was the highest and the fungal richness was the lowest in the rhizosphere soil of the main root. In the bacterial community, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, Chloroflexi, and Gemmatimonadetes were the common dominant bacteria. Rhodospirillaceae, Bradyrhizobiaceae, Hyphomicrobiaceae, Solibacteraceae, and Koribacteraceae were the common dominant bacteria in the rhizosphere soil of different parts of the root system, but the relative abundance of bacteria in different parts of the rhizosphere soil varied greatly. The dominant groups of fungal communities in different parts of the rhizosphere soil were Basidiomycota, Ascomycota, Mortierellomycota, and Sebacinaceae. The structure of the fungal community is similar in different parts. Compared with the different parts of the hairy root, lateral root, and main root of rhizosphere soil of Camellia sinensis L. in Anping village, it was found that the abundance of fungal community decreased with the increase of bacterial community abundance, and there were significant differences in bacterial community diversity and structure. However, the fungal community maintained stability among different parts.
{"title":"Study on the soil microbial community structure of the Rhizosphere of Camellia sinensis L. in Anping Village, Kaiyang County, Guizhou Province","authors":"Jinmei Guo, Jianfeng Li, Shuqing Zhang, Ping Chen","doi":"10.1186/s13213-023-01742-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13213-023-01742-7","url":null,"abstract":"To determine the differences in the microbial communities in the Camellia sinensis L. hairy root, lateral root, and main root rhizospheres in Anping Village, Kaiyang County, Guizhou Province, the community structure, diversity, and main dominant species of bacteria and fungi in different parts of the soil were analyzed by ITS and 16S sequencing. In the rhizosphere soil of the main root, lateral root, and hairy root of Camellia sinensis L., there were significant differences in the diversity and richness of the bacterial and fungal communities. The bacterial diversity was the highest and the fungal richness was the lowest in the rhizosphere soil of the main root. In the bacterial community, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, Chloroflexi, and Gemmatimonadetes were the common dominant bacteria. Rhodospirillaceae, Bradyrhizobiaceae, Hyphomicrobiaceae, Solibacteraceae, and Koribacteraceae were the common dominant bacteria in the rhizosphere soil of different parts of the root system, but the relative abundance of bacteria in different parts of the rhizosphere soil varied greatly. The dominant groups of fungal communities in different parts of the rhizosphere soil were Basidiomycota, Ascomycota, Mortierellomycota, and Sebacinaceae. The structure of the fungal community is similar in different parts. Compared with the different parts of the hairy root, lateral root, and main root of rhizosphere soil of Camellia sinensis L. in Anping village, it was found that the abundance of fungal community decreased with the increase of bacterial community abundance, and there were significant differences in bacterial community diversity and structure. However, the fungal community maintained stability among different parts.","PeriodicalId":8069,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Microbiology","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138681181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-25DOI: 10.1186/s13213-023-01741-8
Gamachis Korsa, Abera Beyene, Abate Ayele
High population growth and the expansion of industry from time to time produce a large amount of waste/pollution, which harms global environmental health. To overcome the above problems, soil feeding (mound/nest) builders of termite gut bacteria execute thriving since they can be obtained easily, available, and at low costs. The purpose of this review is to provide evidence of bacteria in the soil feeding termite gut and its potential role in various applications including reduction of methane gas emission, bio bocks/production of bricks, biomedicine, biocontrol (promising tool for sustainable agriculture), and bio-fertilizer (improve the fertility of the soil) and plant growth promote effectiveness all year. This review was progressive in that it assessed and produced peer-reviewed papers related to bacteria in the soil feeding termite gut and its potential role in different applications for an environmentally sound. Based on the findings of reputable educational journals, articles were divided into four categories: methods used to distributions of soil-feeding termites, termite caste system, bacterial diversity, and strain improvement of bacteria in the termite guts for enhanced multipurpose and techniques. The bacterial diversity from termite guts of soil feeding termite caste systems/differentiations is vital for snowballing day to day due to their low cost and no side effect on the public health and environment becoming known improvement of the microbial bacteria rather than other microbes. So termites function as “soil engineers” in tropical agroforestry ecosystems that are of great benefit for economic importance to greener approach. The present findings indicate that recovery was chosen as an appreciable bring out the bacteria in the soil feeding termite gut and its potential application of termite mounds/nests biotechnological applications. Because of the large amount of nutrients that have built up in termite embankment soil feeding, this type of termite is now known as a “gold-leaf excavation” for bacterial concentrations. This provides the assertion that termite insects are important from an ecological standpoint since they aid in nutrient flows in the ecosystem as a useful tool for various species.
{"title":"Bacterial diversity from soil-feeding termite gut and their potential application","authors":"Gamachis Korsa, Abera Beyene, Abate Ayele","doi":"10.1186/s13213-023-01741-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13213-023-01741-8","url":null,"abstract":"High population growth and the expansion of industry from time to time produce a large amount of waste/pollution, which harms global environmental health. To overcome the above problems, soil feeding (mound/nest) builders of termite gut bacteria execute thriving since they can be obtained easily, available, and at low costs. The purpose of this review is to provide evidence of bacteria in the soil feeding termite gut and its potential role in various applications including reduction of methane gas emission, bio bocks/production of bricks, biomedicine, biocontrol (promising tool for sustainable agriculture), and bio-fertilizer (improve the fertility of the soil) and plant growth promote effectiveness all year. This review was progressive in that it assessed and produced peer-reviewed papers related to bacteria in the soil feeding termite gut and its potential role in different applications for an environmentally sound. Based on the findings of reputable educational journals, articles were divided into four categories: methods used to distributions of soil-feeding termites, termite caste system, bacterial diversity, and strain improvement of bacteria in the termite guts for enhanced multipurpose and techniques. The bacterial diversity from termite guts of soil feeding termite caste systems/differentiations is vital for snowballing day to day due to their low cost and no side effect on the public health and environment becoming known improvement of the microbial bacteria rather than other microbes. So termites function as “soil engineers” in tropical agroforestry ecosystems that are of great benefit for economic importance to greener approach. The present findings indicate that recovery was chosen as an appreciable bring out the bacteria in the soil feeding termite gut and its potential application of termite mounds/nests biotechnological applications. Because of the large amount of nutrients that have built up in termite embankment soil feeding, this type of termite is now known as a “gold-leaf excavation” for bacterial concentrations. This provides the assertion that termite insects are important from an ecological standpoint since they aid in nutrient flows in the ecosystem as a useful tool for various species.","PeriodicalId":8069,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Microbiology","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138496553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-26DOI: 10.1186/s13213-023-01740-9
Desalegn Amenu, Ketema Bacha
Abstract Background Probiotics are live microorganisms that effectively combat foodborne pathogens, promoting intestinal health when consumed in sufficient amounts. This study evaluated the probiotic potential and safety of lactic acid bacteria isolated from selected Ethiopian traditional fermented foods and beverages (Kotcho, Bulla, Ergo, Cabbage-Shamita, Borde, and Bukuri). To assess the isolates’ probiotic activity, tolerance, and survival rate under various stressful conditions, including low pH, intestinal inhibitory substances, salt concentration, bile salt, and simulated gastric/intestinal juice. The isolates were also tested for antagonistic activities against common bacterial and fungal pathogens ( Staphylococcus aureus , Salmonella Typhimurium, Escherichia coli , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Klebsiella pneumoniae , and Candida albicans ) and safety (auto-aggregation, co-aggregation, cell source hydrophobicity, hemolytic activity, DNase, and antibiotic susceptibility). The best probiotic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were characterized to species level following standard MALDI TOF/mass spectrometry analysis. Results A total of 125 potentially probiotic LAB were isolated of which 17 (13.60%) isolates survived low pH (2, 2.5, and 3), bile salt (0.3%), intestinal inhibitory chemicals (phenol, bile, low acidity, pepsin, and pancreas), and simulated gastro-intestinal settings with near 60–94% survival rate. In addition, 11 best LAB isolates were further screened based on additional screening including their antimicrobial efficacy, preservative efficiency, bacteriocin production besides resistance to low acid and bile salts, and survival potential under simulated gastrointestinal conditions. All 11 LAB isolates were resistant to ampicillin, vancomycin, gentamicin, kanamycin, clindamycin, and chloramphenicol, while they were susceptible to streptomycin and tetracycline. The MALDI TOF mass spectrometry analysis result of efficient probiotic LAB grouped them under the genus Pediococcu s, Enterococcus , and Lactococcus including Pediococcus pentosaceus , Enterococcus faecium , Lactococcus lactis , and Pediococcus acidilactici . Conclusion Ethiopian traditional fermented foods and beverages are good sources of promising probiotic lactic acid bacteria. These isolates could serve as potential starter cultures and bio-preservative for the enhancement of the shelf life of foods. This study established the groundwork for the selection of excellent probiotics for the development and application of LAB for antibacterial action, starter culture production, and preservation activities.
{"title":"Probiotic potential and safety analysis of lactic acid bacteria isolated from Ethiopian traditional fermented foods and beverages","authors":"Desalegn Amenu, Ketema Bacha","doi":"10.1186/s13213-023-01740-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13213-023-01740-9","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background Probiotics are live microorganisms that effectively combat foodborne pathogens, promoting intestinal health when consumed in sufficient amounts. This study evaluated the probiotic potential and safety of lactic acid bacteria isolated from selected Ethiopian traditional fermented foods and beverages (Kotcho, Bulla, Ergo, Cabbage-Shamita, Borde, and Bukuri). To assess the isolates’ probiotic activity, tolerance, and survival rate under various stressful conditions, including low pH, intestinal inhibitory substances, salt concentration, bile salt, and simulated gastric/intestinal juice. The isolates were also tested for antagonistic activities against common bacterial and fungal pathogens ( Staphylococcus aureus , Salmonella Typhimurium, Escherichia coli , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Klebsiella pneumoniae , and Candida albicans ) and safety (auto-aggregation, co-aggregation, cell source hydrophobicity, hemolytic activity, DNase, and antibiotic susceptibility). The best probiotic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were characterized to species level following standard MALDI TOF/mass spectrometry analysis. Results A total of 125 potentially probiotic LAB were isolated of which 17 (13.60%) isolates survived low pH (2, 2.5, and 3), bile salt (0.3%), intestinal inhibitory chemicals (phenol, bile, low acidity, pepsin, and pancreas), and simulated gastro-intestinal settings with near 60–94% survival rate. In addition, 11 best LAB isolates were further screened based on additional screening including their antimicrobial efficacy, preservative efficiency, bacteriocin production besides resistance to low acid and bile salts, and survival potential under simulated gastrointestinal conditions. All 11 LAB isolates were resistant to ampicillin, vancomycin, gentamicin, kanamycin, clindamycin, and chloramphenicol, while they were susceptible to streptomycin and tetracycline. The MALDI TOF mass spectrometry analysis result of efficient probiotic LAB grouped them under the genus Pediococcu s, Enterococcus , and Lactococcus including Pediococcus pentosaceus , Enterococcus faecium , Lactococcus lactis , and Pediococcus acidilactici . Conclusion Ethiopian traditional fermented foods and beverages are good sources of promising probiotic lactic acid bacteria. These isolates could serve as potential starter cultures and bio-preservative for the enhancement of the shelf life of foods. This study established the groundwork for the selection of excellent probiotics for the development and application of LAB for antibacterial action, starter culture production, and preservation activities.","PeriodicalId":8069,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Microbiology","volume":"19 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134909954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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