Background/aim: The Inflammatory Burden Index (IBI) has been reported as a novel prognostic indicator in several cancers and diseases. However, research on the IBI in patients with gastric cancer (GC) after gastrectomy is insufficient. This study investigated the utility of the preoperative IBI as a prognostic indicator in patients with GC.
Patients and methods: This retrospective study enrolled 459 patients undergoing gastrectomy for GC between 2013 and 2017 at the Kanagawa Cancer Center, Kanagawa, Japan. The IBI was calculated from preoperative blood test data. We evaluated the relationship between the preoperative IBI and clinicopathologic factors, overall survival (OS), and recurrence-free survival (RFS) after gastrectomy for GC, using propensity score matched analysis.
Results: Regarding the association between IBI and clinicopathologic features, the high-IBI group was significantly older and had more lymphatic invasion and more progressive pT status than the low-IBI group before propensity score-matched analysis. OS and RFS after curative surgery were significantly lower in patients with a high IBI than in those with a low IBI (77.5% vs. 86.1%; p=0.02 and 74.3% vs. 85.1%; p=0.03, respectively). Multivariate analysis identified high IBI as an independent predictor of both OS and RFS.
Conclusion: Preoperative IBI may serve as a valuable prognostic indicator for patients undergoing curative gastrectomy for GC.
背景/目的:据报道,炎症负担指数(IBI)是多种癌症和疾病的新型预后指标。然而,有关胃切除术后胃癌(GC)患者炎症负担指数的研究尚不充分。本研究调查了术前 IBI 作为胃癌患者预后指标的实用性:这项回顾性研究纳入了 2013 年至 2017 年期间在日本神奈川县神奈川癌症中心接受胃切除术的 459 例 GC 患者。IBI根据术前血液检测数据计算得出。我们采用倾向得分匹配分析法评估了术前IBI与GC胃切除术后临床病理因素、总生存期(OS)和无复发生存期(RFS)之间的关系:关于IBI与临床病理特征之间的关系,在倾向得分匹配分析前,高IBI组的年龄明显大于低IBI组,且高IBI组的淋巴侵犯更多,pT状态更进展。高IBI组患者治愈性手术后的OS和RFS明显低于低IBI组(分别为77.5% vs. 86.1%;P=0.02和74.3% vs. 85.1%;P=0.03)。多变量分析发现,高IBI是OS和RFS的独立预测因素:结论:术前IBI可作为GC根治性胃切除术患者有价值的预后指标。
{"title":"Inflammatory Burden Index Prognostic Impact in Patients With Gastric Cancer After Gastrectomy: A Propensity Score-matched Analysis.","authors":"Itaru Hashimoto, Yuta Nakayama, Mie Tanabe, Jyunya Morita, Shinsuke Nagasawa, Yukio Maezawa, Kyohei Kanematsu, Toru Aoyama, Takanobu Yamada, Norio Yukawa, Yasushi Rino, Aya Saito, Takashi Ogata, Takashi Oshima","doi":"10.21873/anticanres.17228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21873/anticanres.17228","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>The Inflammatory Burden Index (IBI) has been reported as a novel prognostic indicator in several cancers and diseases. However, research on the IBI in patients with gastric cancer (GC) after gastrectomy is insufficient. This study investigated the utility of the preoperative IBI as a prognostic indicator in patients with GC.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>This retrospective study enrolled 459 patients undergoing gastrectomy for GC between 2013 and 2017 at the Kanagawa Cancer Center, Kanagawa, Japan. The IBI was calculated from preoperative blood test data. We evaluated the relationship between the preoperative IBI and clinicopathologic factors, overall survival (OS), and recurrence-free survival (RFS) after gastrectomy for GC, using propensity score matched analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Regarding the association between IBI and clinicopathologic features, the high-IBI group was significantly older and had more lymphatic invasion and more progressive pT status than the low-IBI group before propensity score-matched analysis. OS and RFS after curative surgery were significantly lower in patients with a high IBI than in those with a low IBI (77.5% vs. 86.1%; p=0.02 and 74.3% vs. 85.1%; p=0.03, respectively). Multivariate analysis identified high IBI as an independent predictor of both OS and RFS.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Preoperative IBI may serve as a valuable prognostic indicator for patients undergoing curative gastrectomy for GC.</p>","PeriodicalId":8072,"journal":{"name":"Anticancer research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142091640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-01DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.17209
Ding Li, Chen Ding, Fan Huang, Mengmeng Chang, Zhiyi Lu, Guowei Li, Yingying Li, Hongjie Gao, Fengyin Sun
Background/aim: Autophagy and immunity play important roles in the growth of malignant tumors and are promising targets for tumor therapy. This study was conducted to identify differentially expressed immune genes related to autophagy in Wilms' tumor (WT) and analyze their correlation with the disease prognosis.
Materials and methods: The public data of WT and normal kidney tissues were downloaded from TCGA, ImmPort, and GeneCards databases to obtain differentially expressed immune genes associated with autophagy. Survival analysis, ROC curve, and clinical relevance filtering were used to screen the key gene plasminogen activator urokinase (PLAU). The univariable and multivariable Cox regression model analyses were used to analyze the prognostic factors of overall survival (OS) in patients with WT. Then, GO enrichment, KEGG pathway analysis and GSEA were used to enrich and analyze differentially expressed genes. The relationship between PLAU gene expression and tumor microenvironment and infiltration of immune cells was analyzed, as well as between the expression of PLAU and epigenetic modifications.
Results: PLAU gene expression was associated with survival and prognosis in WT patients and was an independent prognostic indicator of OS in patients. The GO, KEGG, and GSEA analysis results suggested that PLAU may be involved in RNA transcription and epithelial cell migration. High expression of PLAU was also associated with increased immune cell infiltration and a higher presence of antitumor immune cells. The low expression of PLAU in WT was related to DNA methylation and may be also co-regulated by miR-342-3p.
Conclusion: PLAU can be used as an independent prognostic biomarker for WT. Low expression of PLAU is associated with poor prognosis in WT patients. Evidence on the prognostic value of PLAU gene and the pathways that may be associated with its expression is invaluable for the development of new therapies for WT.
{"title":"Bioinformatics Analysis of the Expression and Prognostic Value of PLAU Gene in Wilms' Tumor.","authors":"Ding Li, Chen Ding, Fan Huang, Mengmeng Chang, Zhiyi Lu, Guowei Li, Yingying Li, Hongjie Gao, Fengyin Sun","doi":"10.21873/anticanres.17209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21873/anticanres.17209","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>Autophagy and immunity play important roles in the growth of malignant tumors and are promising targets for tumor therapy. This study was conducted to identify differentially expressed immune genes related to autophagy in Wilms' tumor (WT) and analyze their correlation with the disease prognosis.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The public data of WT and normal kidney tissues were downloaded from TCGA, ImmPort, and GeneCards databases to obtain differentially expressed immune genes associated with autophagy. Survival analysis, ROC curve, and clinical relevance filtering were used to screen the key gene plasminogen activator urokinase (PLAU). The univariable and multivariable Cox regression model analyses were used to analyze the prognostic factors of overall survival (OS) in patients with WT. Then, GO enrichment, KEGG pathway analysis and GSEA were used to enrich and analyze differentially expressed genes. The relationship between PLAU gene expression and tumor microenvironment and infiltration of immune cells was analyzed, as well as between the expression of PLAU and epigenetic modifications.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PLAU gene expression was associated with survival and prognosis in WT patients and was an independent prognostic indicator of OS in patients. The GO, KEGG, and GSEA analysis results suggested that PLAU may be involved in RNA transcription and epithelial cell migration. High expression of PLAU was also associated with increased immune cell infiltration and a higher presence of antitumor immune cells. The low expression of PLAU in WT was related to DNA methylation and may be also co-regulated by miR-342-3p.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PLAU can be used as an independent prognostic biomarker for WT. Low expression of PLAU is associated with poor prognosis in WT patients. Evidence on the prognostic value of PLAU gene and the pathways that may be associated with its expression is invaluable for the development of new therapies for WT.</p>","PeriodicalId":8072,"journal":{"name":"Anticancer research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142091533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background/aim: Intraoperative identification of the cancer location is often difficult during robot-assisted surgery, especially in early stage cancers. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility and accuracy of a novel endoscopic clip emitting near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence during robot-assisted surgery for gastrointestinal cancer.
Patients and methods: Preoperative placement of endoscopic marking clips equipped with NIR fluorescent resin was performed to determine the resection margins in six patients with gastrointestinal cancer. During robot-assisted surgery, a NIR fluorescence imaging system was used to detect the fluorescence. The evaluation examined whether fluorescence from the clips was visualized during robot-assisted surgery.
Results: The NIR fluorescent signals emitted from the clips were successfully detected in all six patients from the serosal surfaces, resulting in the quick and accurate identification of the resection line. There were no significant differences in age, sex, or body mass index between the patients in whom we could detect NIR fluorescence.
Conclusion: This novel NIR fluorescent clip is a promising diagnostic tool for accurately detecting tumor locations during robot-assisted surgery for gastrointestinal cancer.
{"title":"Robot-assisted Surgery for Gastrointestinal Cancer Using Indocyanine Green Conjugated Endoscopic Marking Clip Under Firefly Fluorescence Imaging.","authors":"Tsutomu Namikawa, Keiichiro Yokota, Masaya Munekage, Hiromichi Maeda, Hiroyuki Kitagawa, Ken Okamoto, Kazushige Uchida, Takayuki Sato, Michiya Kobayashi, Kazuhiro Hanazaki, Satoru Seo","doi":"10.21873/anticanres.17222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21873/anticanres.17222","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>Intraoperative identification of the cancer location is often difficult during robot-assisted surgery, especially in early stage cancers. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility and accuracy of a novel endoscopic clip emitting near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence during robot-assisted surgery for gastrointestinal cancer.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Preoperative placement of endoscopic marking clips equipped with NIR fluorescent resin was performed to determine the resection margins in six patients with gastrointestinal cancer. During robot-assisted surgery, a NIR fluorescence imaging system was used to detect the fluorescence. The evaluation examined whether fluorescence from the clips was visualized during robot-assisted surgery.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The NIR fluorescent signals emitted from the clips were successfully detected in all six patients from the serosal surfaces, resulting in the quick and accurate identification of the resection line. There were no significant differences in age, sex, or body mass index between the patients in whom we could detect NIR fluorescence.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This novel NIR fluorescent clip is a promising diagnostic tool for accurately detecting tumor locations during robot-assisted surgery for gastrointestinal cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":8072,"journal":{"name":"Anticancer research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142091673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-01DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.17224
Federico Cozzani, Matteo Ricchiuto, Edoardo Virgilio, Lorenzo Viani, Matteo Rossini, Giuseppe Pedrazzi, Paolo Del Rio
Background/aim: The Controlling Nutritional status (CONUT) score, a valuable tool evaluating the preoperative conditions of patients from a nutritional point of view, has been successfully adopted for a plethora of malignancies including colorectal cancer (CRC). However, since rectal cancer has characteristics that differ from colon cancer (CC) and because, as of 2024, investigations targeted to surgical CC patients are lacking in the pertinent literature, we decided to assess the predictive role of this scoring system in relation to postoperative course and survival of surgical patients affected only by this malignancy. However, as of 2024, the existing literature on CONUT has typically treated colorectal cancer (CRC) as a single homogeneous entity, often combining results for both colon cancer (CC) and rectal cancer (RC). Since CC differs from RC in pathobiology, prognosis and treatment, we preferred to investigate CONUT in patients affected with CC in order to corroborate or refute the current knowledge on this score system when applied to CRC. With this stated aim, we proceeded to assess the predictive role of CONUT in relation to postoperative course and prognosis of patients who underwent CC surgery only.
Patients and methods: We retrospectively analyzed data from 341 CC patients who underwent surgery at our Hospital between 2013 and 2018. Starting from serum measurements of lymphocytes, total cholesterol and albumin we used a simplified two-tier CONUT classification in order of increasing severity: high (score ≥3) and low score (scoring <3).
Results: On equal staging class and other clinicopathological terms, compared to their high score counterpart, low CONUT subjects went through postoperative complications (both nonsurgical and surgical ones) less frequently, shorter mean hospital stay (11.2 versus 15 days) and more favorable survival (both overall and disease-free survival) with statistical significance.
Conclusion: In the light of our results, we encourage to systematically resort to the CONUT score classification in all CC patients scheduled for a curative surgery. Preoperative correction of CONUT parameters through artificial nutrition or other measures appears mandatory as it can drastically improve the postoperative course as well as the long-term prognosis of these subjects.
背景/目的:控制营养状况(CONUT)评分是一种从营养角度评估患者术前状况的重要工具,已成功应用于包括结肠直肠癌(CRC)在内的多种恶性肿瘤。然而,由于直肠癌的特点不同于结肠癌(CC),而且截至 2024 年,相关文献中还缺乏针对结肠癌手术患者的研究,因此我们决定评估该评分系统对仅受这种恶性肿瘤影响的手术患者的术后过程和生存期的预测作用。然而,截至 2024 年,有关 CONUT 的现有文献通常将结直肠癌(CRC)作为一个单一的同质实体来处理,往往将结肠癌(CC)和直肠癌(RC)的结果合并在一起。由于 CC 与 RC 在病理生物学、预后和治疗方面存在差异,我们倾向于对 CC 患者的 CONUT 进行研究,以证实或反驳当前将该评分系统应用于 CRC 的知识。基于这一目的,我们开始评估 CONUT 对仅接受 CC 手术的患者的术后病程和预后的预测作用:我们回顾性分析了 2013 年至 2018 年期间在本医院接受手术的 341 名 CC 患者的数据。从血清淋巴细胞、总胆固醇和白蛋白的测量结果开始,我们采用简化的两级 CONUT 分级,按照严重程度递增的顺序:高分(得分≥3)和低分(得分 结果:在分期等级和其他临床病理学条件相同的情况下,与高分患者相比,低分患者术后并发症(包括非手术和手术并发症)更少,平均住院时间更短(11.2天对15天),生存率更高(总生存率和无病生存率),且具有统计学意义:根据我们的研究结果,我们鼓励对所有计划进行根治性手术的 CC 患者系统地采用 CONUT 评分分类。术前通过人工营养或其他措施纠正 CONUT 参数似乎是必须的,因为这可以大大改善这些患者的术后情况和长期预后。
{"title":"The Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) Score Predicts Post-operatory Risks and Prognosis in Patients With Surgically Treated Colon Cancer: A Retrospective Study.","authors":"Federico Cozzani, Matteo Ricchiuto, Edoardo Virgilio, Lorenzo Viani, Matteo Rossini, Giuseppe Pedrazzi, Paolo Del Rio","doi":"10.21873/anticanres.17224","DOIUrl":"10.21873/anticanres.17224","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>The Controlling Nutritional status (CONUT) score, a valuable tool evaluating the preoperative conditions of patients from a nutritional point of view, has been successfully adopted for a plethora of malignancies including colorectal cancer (CRC). However, since rectal cancer has characteristics that differ from colon cancer (CC) and because, as of 2024, investigations targeted to surgical CC patients are lacking in the pertinent literature, we decided to assess the predictive role of this scoring system in relation to postoperative course and survival of surgical patients affected only by this malignancy. However, as of 2024, the existing literature on CONUT has typically treated colorectal cancer (CRC) as a single homogeneous entity, often combining results for both colon cancer (CC) and rectal cancer (RC). Since CC differs from RC in pathobiology, prognosis and treatment, we preferred to investigate CONUT in patients affected with CC in order to corroborate or refute the current knowledge on this score system when applied to CRC. With this stated aim, we proceeded to assess the predictive role of CONUT in relation to postoperative course and prognosis of patients who underwent CC surgery only.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed data from 341 CC patients who underwent surgery at our Hospital between 2013 and 2018. Starting from serum measurements of lymphocytes, total cholesterol and albumin we used a simplified two-tier CONUT classification in order of increasing severity: high (score ≥3) and low score (scoring <3).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>On equal staging class and other clinicopathological terms, compared to their high score counterpart, low CONUT subjects went through postoperative complications (both nonsurgical and surgical ones) less frequently, shorter mean hospital stay (11.2 versus 15 days) and more favorable survival (both overall and disease-free survival) with statistical significance.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In the light of our results, we encourage to systematically resort to the CONUT score classification in all CC patients scheduled for a curative surgery. Preoperative correction of CONUT parameters through artificial nutrition or other measures appears mandatory as it can drastically improve the postoperative course as well as the long-term prognosis of these subjects.</p>","PeriodicalId":8072,"journal":{"name":"Anticancer research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142091697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-01DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.17213
Hee Ju Song, Subodh Sharma, Taehee Kim, Young Hwan Kim, Soo Jin Kim, Min Woong Kang, Sang DO Lee
Background/aim: Macrophages prevail in the microenvironment of several tumors, including non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), where they secrete pro-tumorigenic factors that contribute to cancer progression. This study investigated the role of macrophages on the resistance of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutated NSCLC cells to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs).
Materials and methods: EGFR-mutated cell lines PC-9 and HCC827 were cocultured with macrophages and treated with TKIs (erlotinib and gefitinib). The effects of the macrophage-conditioned medium (macrophage CM) on gefitinib resistance and cell migration were also evaluated.
Results: Co-culture with macrophages significantly enhanced the resistance to erlotinib and gefitinib in PC-9 and HCC827 cells compared to that in cells cultured independently. Macrophage CM markedly induced gefitinib resistance in PC-9 cells, with maximum resistance observed at 50% CM concentration. This resistance persisted for up to 48 h post-CM removal. Macrophage CM inhibited gefitinib-induced apoptosis, as evidenced by the decreased expression of cleaved caspase-3, PARP, and BIM. Additionally, macrophage CM increased the migration ability of PC-9 cells, as shown by the wound healing and transwell migration assays. Studies have shown that TonEBP is crucial in cancer metastasis and drug resistance; we found that inhibition of TonEBP/NFAT5 expression reduced gefitinib resistance and migration in macrophage CM-induced PC-9 cells, indicating its role as mediator of these effects.
Conclusion: Macrophages contribute to TKI resistance and enhance the migration of EGFR-mutated NSCLC cells through mechanisms involving TonEBP/NFAT5. Therefore, targeting TonEBP/NFAT5 represents a potential therapeutic strategy for overcoming macrophage-induced TKI resistance in NSCLC cells.
背景/目的:巨噬细胞普遍存在于包括非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)在内的多种肿瘤的微环境中,它们分泌的促致癌因子有助于癌症的进展。本研究探讨了巨噬细胞对表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)突变的非小细胞肺癌细胞对酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(TKIs)耐药性的作用:将表皮生长因子受体突变细胞系PC-9和HCC827与巨噬细胞共培养,并用TKIs(厄洛替尼和吉非替尼)处理。研究还评估了巨噬细胞条件培养基(巨噬细胞 CM)对吉非替尼耐药性和细胞迁移的影响:结果:与独立培养的细胞相比,与巨噬细胞共培养能明显增强PC-9和HCC827细胞对厄洛替尼和吉非替尼的耐药性。巨噬细胞CM能明显诱导PC-9细胞对吉非替尼产生耐药性,当CM浓度为50%时,耐药性最大。这种抗性在去除CM后持续了48小时。巨噬细胞CM抑制了吉非替尼诱导的细胞凋亡,表现为裂解的caspase-3、PARP和BIM的表达减少。此外,巨噬细胞 CM 还能提高 PC-9 细胞的迁移能力,伤口愈合和跨孔迁移试验就证明了这一点。研究表明,TonEBP在癌症转移和耐药性中起着关键作用;我们发现,抑制TonEBP/NFAT5的表达可降低巨噬细胞CM诱导的PC-9细胞对吉非替尼的耐药性和迁移能力,表明其在这些效应中起着介导作用:结论:巨噬细胞通过TonEBP/NFAT5参与的机制导致TKI耐药并增强表皮生长因子受体突变的NSCLC细胞的迁移。因此,靶向TonEBP/NFAT5是克服巨噬细胞诱导的NSCLC细胞TKI耐药性的一种潜在治疗策略。
{"title":"Macrophage-induced Expression of TonEBP/NFAT5 Is Associated With Gefitinib Resistance and Migration in PC-9 Cells.","authors":"Hee Ju Song, Subodh Sharma, Taehee Kim, Young Hwan Kim, Soo Jin Kim, Min Woong Kang, Sang DO Lee","doi":"10.21873/anticanres.17213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21873/anticanres.17213","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>Macrophages prevail in the microenvironment of several tumors, including non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), where they secrete pro-tumorigenic factors that contribute to cancer progression. This study investigated the role of macrophages on the resistance of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutated NSCLC cells to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>EGFR-mutated cell lines PC-9 and HCC827 were cocultured with macrophages and treated with TKIs (erlotinib and gefitinib). The effects of the macrophage-conditioned medium (macrophage CM) on gefitinib resistance and cell migration were also evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Co-culture with macrophages significantly enhanced the resistance to erlotinib and gefitinib in PC-9 and HCC827 cells compared to that in cells cultured independently. Macrophage CM markedly induced gefitinib resistance in PC-9 cells, with maximum resistance observed at 50% CM concentration. This resistance persisted for up to 48 h post-CM removal. Macrophage CM inhibited gefitinib-induced apoptosis, as evidenced by the decreased expression of cleaved caspase-3, PARP, and BIM. Additionally, macrophage CM increased the migration ability of PC-9 cells, as shown by the wound healing and transwell migration assays. Studies have shown that TonEBP is crucial in cancer metastasis and drug resistance; we found that inhibition of TonEBP/NFAT5 expression reduced gefitinib resistance and migration in macrophage CM-induced PC-9 cells, indicating its role as mediator of these effects.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Macrophages contribute to TKI resistance and enhance the migration of EGFR-mutated NSCLC cells through mechanisms involving TonEBP/NFAT5. Therefore, targeting TonEBP/NFAT5 represents a potential therapeutic strategy for overcoming macrophage-induced TKI resistance in NSCLC cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":8072,"journal":{"name":"Anticancer research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142091642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background/aim: Nivolumab is expected to further prolong survival and improve the quality of life (QOL) of patients with a poor prognosis of head and neck cancer. However, only a few studies have been conducted regarding the QOL of recurrent or metastatic head and neck cancer patients treated with nivolumab using real-world data. This study aimed to examine the effect of nivolumab on the QOL of these patients using real-world data.
Patients and methods: This study included patients with recurrent metastatic head and neck cancer who received nivolumab at the Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Tokyo Medical University Hospital from May 1, 2017, to December 31, 2021. Among them, 50 patients who self-assessed their QOL were included in this study. The primary endpoint was the QOL evaluation score, and secondary endpoints were overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), response rate, and immune-related adverse events. OS and PFS were evaluated using the Kaplan-Meier method.
Results: No significant reduction in QOL was observed before or after nivolumab administration. The median OS time was 20.1 months, and 1-year OS rate was 76.4%. The median PFS time was 4.2 months, and 1-year PFS rate was 31.0%.
Conclusion: The comparison of patient QOL before and after nivolumab use suggested that patient QOL was not compromised. The results were not inferior to those of other studies in terms of treatment efficacy and safety.
背景/目的:Nivolumab有望进一步延长预后不良的头颈癌患者的生存期并改善其生活质量(QOL)。然而,目前仅有少数研究利用真实世界的数据对接受 nivolumab 治疗的复发性或转移性头颈癌患者的 QOL 进行了研究。本研究旨在利用真实世界的数据,研究 nivolumab 对这些患者 QOL 的影响:本研究纳入了2017年5月1日至2021年12月31日期间在东京医科大学附属医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科接受nivolumab治疗的复发性转移性头颈癌患者。本研究纳入了其中 50 名自我评估 QOL 的患者。主要终点为QOL评估得分,次要终点为总生存期(OS)、无进展生存期(PFS)、应答率和免疫相关不良事件。OS 和 PFS 采用 Kaplan-Meier 法进行评估:结果:在使用 nivolumab 之前或之后,均未观察到 QOL 有明显降低。中位OS时间为20.1个月,1年OS率为76.4%。中位PFS时间为4.2个月,1年PFS率为31.0%:使用尼伐单抗前后的患者生活质量比较表明,患者的生活质量并未受到影响。结论:使用 nivolumab 前后患者 QOL 的比较表明,患者的 QOL 并未受到影响,在治疗效果和安全性方面,结果并不逊色于其他研究。
{"title":"Effect of Nivolumab on the Quality of Life in Recurrent/Metastatic Head and Neck Cancer.","authors":"Shota Fujii, Isaku Okamoto, Takuro Okada, Kunihiko Tokashiki, Yuri Ueda, Hiroki Sato, Tatsuya Ito, Kiyoaki Tsukahara","doi":"10.21873/anticanres.17237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21873/anticanres.17237","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>Nivolumab is expected to further prolong survival and improve the quality of life (QOL) of patients with a poor prognosis of head and neck cancer. However, only a few studies have been conducted regarding the QOL of recurrent or metastatic head and neck cancer patients treated with nivolumab using real-world data. This study aimed to examine the effect of nivolumab on the QOL of these patients using real-world data.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>This study included patients with recurrent metastatic head and neck cancer who received nivolumab at the Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Tokyo Medical University Hospital from May 1, 2017, to December 31, 2021. Among them, 50 patients who self-assessed their QOL were included in this study. The primary endpoint was the QOL evaluation score, and secondary endpoints were overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), response rate, and immune-related adverse events. OS and PFS were evaluated using the Kaplan-Meier method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No significant reduction in QOL was observed before or after nivolumab administration. The median OS time was 20.1 months, and 1-year OS rate was 76.4%. The median PFS time was 4.2 months, and 1-year PFS rate was 31.0%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The comparison of patient QOL before and after nivolumab use suggested that patient QOL was not compromised. The results were not inferior to those of other studies in terms of treatment efficacy and safety.</p>","PeriodicalId":8072,"journal":{"name":"Anticancer research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142091538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-01DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.17202
Sei Morinaga, Qinghong Han, Kohei Mizuta, Byung Mo Kang, Motokazu Sato, Michael Bouvet, Norio Yamamoto, Katsuhiro Hayashi, Hiroaki Kimura, Shinji Miwa, Kentaro Igarashi, Takashi Higuchi, Hiroyuki Tsuchiya, Satoru Demura, Robert M Hoffman
Background/aim: A major challenge in treating soft-tissue sarcoma is the development of drug resistance. Eribulin, an anti-tubulin agent, is used as a second-line chemotherapy for patients with unresectable or metastatic soft-tissue sarcoma. However, most patients with advanced soft-tissue sarcoma are resistant to eribulin and do not survive. Recombinant methioninase (rMETase) targets the fundamental and general hallmark of cancer, methionine addiction, termed the Hoffman Effect. The present study aimed to show how much rMETase could increase the efficacy of eribulin on eribulin-resistant fibrosarcoma cells in vitro.
Materials and methods: HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells were exposed to step-wise increasing concentrations of eribulin from 0.15-0.4 nM to establish eribulin-resistant HT1080 (ER-HT1080). ER-HT1080 cells were cultured in vitro and divided into four groups: untreated control; eribulin treated (0.15 nM); rMETase treated (0.75 U/ml); and eribulin (0.15 nM) plus rMETase (0.75 U/ml) treated.
Results: The IC50 of eribulin on ER-HT1080 cells was 0.95 nM compared to the IC50 of 0.15 nM on HT1080 cells, a 6-fold increase. The IC50 of rMETase on ER-HT1080 and HT1080 was 0.87 U/ml and 0.75 U/ml, respectively. The combination of rMETase (0.75 U/ml) and eribulin (0.15 nM) was synergistic on ER-HT1080 cells resulting in an inhibition of 80.1% compared to eribulin alone (5.0%) or rMETase alone (47.1%) (p<0.05). rMETase thus increased the efficacy of eribulin 16-fold on eribulin-resistant fibrosarcoma cells.
Conclusion: The present study showed that the combination of eribulin and rMETase can overcome high eribulin resistance of fibrosarcoma. The present results demonstrate that combining rMETase with first- or second-line therapy for soft-tissue sarcoma has the potential to overcome the intractable clinical problem of drug-resistant soft-tissue sarcoma.
{"title":"Recombinant Methioninase Increases Eribulin Efficacy 16-fold in Highly Eribulin-resistant HT1080 Fibrosarcoma Cells, Demonstrating Potential to Overcome the Clinical Challenge of Drug-resistant Soft-tissue Sarcoma.","authors":"Sei Morinaga, Qinghong Han, Kohei Mizuta, Byung Mo Kang, Motokazu Sato, Michael Bouvet, Norio Yamamoto, Katsuhiro Hayashi, Hiroaki Kimura, Shinji Miwa, Kentaro Igarashi, Takashi Higuchi, Hiroyuki Tsuchiya, Satoru Demura, Robert M Hoffman","doi":"10.21873/anticanres.17202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21873/anticanres.17202","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>A major challenge in treating soft-tissue sarcoma is the development of drug resistance. Eribulin, an anti-tubulin agent, is used as a second-line chemotherapy for patients with unresectable or metastatic soft-tissue sarcoma. However, most patients with advanced soft-tissue sarcoma are resistant to eribulin and do not survive. Recombinant methioninase (rMETase) targets the fundamental and general hallmark of cancer, methionine addiction, termed the Hoffman Effect. The present study aimed to show how much rMETase could increase the efficacy of eribulin on eribulin-resistant fibrosarcoma cells in vitro.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells were exposed to step-wise increasing concentrations of eribulin from 0.15-0.4 nM to establish eribulin-resistant HT1080 (ER-HT1080). ER-HT1080 cells were cultured in vitro and divided into four groups: untreated control; eribulin treated (0.15 nM); rMETase treated (0.75 U/ml); and eribulin (0.15 nM) plus rMETase (0.75 U/ml) treated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The IC<sub>50</sub> of eribulin on ER-HT1080 cells was 0.95 nM compared to the IC<sub>50</sub> of 0.15 nM on HT1080 cells, a 6-fold increase. The IC<sub>50</sub> of rMETase on ER-HT1080 and HT1080 was 0.87 U/ml and 0.75 U/ml, respectively. The combination of rMETase (0.75 U/ml) and eribulin (0.15 nM) was synergistic on ER-HT1080 cells resulting in an inhibition of 80.1% compared to eribulin alone (5.0%) or rMETase alone (47.1%) (p<0.05). rMETase thus increased the efficacy of eribulin 16-fold on eribulin-resistant fibrosarcoma cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The present study showed that the combination of eribulin and rMETase can overcome high eribulin resistance of fibrosarcoma. The present results demonstrate that combining rMETase with first- or second-line therapy for soft-tissue sarcoma has the potential to overcome the intractable clinical problem of drug-resistant soft-tissue sarcoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":8072,"journal":{"name":"Anticancer research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142091670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background/aim: Postoperative changes in body composition, especially loss of muscle mass, often occur in gastrointestinal cancer patients. Few studies have reported perioperative changes in the body composition of patients with colorectal cancer. Therefore, this study aimed at clarifying changes in body composition during the perioperative period and identifying risk factors for skeletal muscle mass loss in patients with colorectal cancer.
Patients and methods: This prospective observational study included 148 patients who underwent robot- or laparoscopic-assisted surgery for colorectal cancer.
Results: The rate of change in body composition at discharge was -6.25% for body fat, with a higher rate of decrease than that for skeletal muscle mass (-3.30%; p=0.0006) and body water mass (-2.66%; p=0.0001). Similarly, even at one month postoperatively, body fat mass (-8.05%) was reduced at a greater rate than skeletal muscle mass (-2.02% p=0.0001) and body water mass (-1.33% p=0.0001).The site-specific percent change in limb skeletal and trunk muscle mass at discharge was the greatest in the lower extremities at -5.37%, but one month after surgery, the upper extremities had the greatest change at -4.44%. The Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI) influenced skeletal muscle mass loss at discharge [odds ratio (OR)=2.6; 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.30-5.58], while diabetes (OR=4.1; 95%CI=1.40-12.43) and ileostomy (OR=6.7; 95%CI=1.45-31.11) influenced skeletal muscle loss one month postoperatively.
Conclusion: Preoperative and postoperative nutritional guidance/intervention and body part-specific rehabilitation should be provided to prevent skeletal muscle mass loss in patients with low PNI, diabetes, and those undergoing ileostomy.
{"title":"Risk Factors Associated With Perioperative Skeletal Muscle Loss in Patients With Colorectal Cancer.","authors":"Hajime Kayano, Nana Mamuro, Yutaro Kamei, Takashi Ogimi, Hiroshi Miyakita, Yasuhiro Kanatani, Masaki Mori, Kenichi Okada, Kazuo Koyanagi, Seiichiro Yamamoto","doi":"10.21873/anticanres.17231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21873/anticanres.17231","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>Postoperative changes in body composition, especially loss of muscle mass, often occur in gastrointestinal cancer patients. Few studies have reported perioperative changes in the body composition of patients with colorectal cancer. Therefore, this study aimed at clarifying changes in body composition during the perioperative period and identifying risk factors for skeletal muscle mass loss in patients with colorectal cancer.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>This prospective observational study included 148 patients who underwent robot- or laparoscopic-assisted surgery for colorectal cancer.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The rate of change in body composition at discharge was -6.25% for body fat, with a higher rate of decrease than that for skeletal muscle mass (-3.30%; p=0.0006) and body water mass (-2.66%; p=0.0001). Similarly, even at one month postoperatively, body fat mass (-8.05%) was reduced at a greater rate than skeletal muscle mass (-2.02% p=0.0001) and body water mass (-1.33% p=0.0001).The site-specific percent change in limb skeletal and trunk muscle mass at discharge was the greatest in the lower extremities at -5.37%, but one month after surgery, the upper extremities had the greatest change at -4.44%. The Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI) influenced skeletal muscle mass loss at discharge [odds ratio (OR)=2.6; 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.30-5.58], while diabetes (OR=4.1; 95%CI=1.40-12.43) and ileostomy (OR=6.7; 95%CI=1.45-31.11) influenced skeletal muscle loss one month postoperatively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Preoperative and postoperative nutritional guidance/intervention and body part-specific rehabilitation should be provided to prevent skeletal muscle mass loss in patients with low PNI, diabetes, and those undergoing ileostomy.</p>","PeriodicalId":8072,"journal":{"name":"Anticancer research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142091671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-01DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.17203
Sei Morinaga, Qinghong Han, Kohei Mizuta, Byung M Kang, Motokazu Sato, Michael Bouvet, Norio Yamamoto, Katsuhiro Hayashi, Hiroaki Kimura, Shinji Miwa, Kentaro Igarashi, Takashi Higuchi, Hiroyuki Tsuchiya, Satoru Demura, Robert M Hoffman
Background/aim: Drug resistance has been a recalcitrant problem for sarcoma patients for many decades. Trabectedin is a second-line chemotherapy for soft-tissue sarcoma that often leads to resistance and death of the patients. The objective of the present study was to address the issue of trabectedin-chemoresistance in HT1080 fibrosarcoma cells by combining recombinant methioninase (rMETase) with trabectedin and examining their efficacy on trabectedin-resistant fibrosarcoma cells in vitro.
Materials and methods: Trabectedin-resistant HT1080 (TR-HT1080) cells were generated by subjecting HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells to increasing trabectedin concentrations (3.3-8 nM). IC50 values for trabectedin and rMETase were compared for HT1080 and TR-HT1080 cells. TR-HT 1080 cells were placed into four groups to determine synergy of rMETase and trabectedin on TR-HT1080 cells: a control group with no treatment; a group treated with trabectedin (3.3 nM); a group treated with rMETase (0.75 U/ml); and a group treated with both trabectedin (3.3 nM) and rMETase (0.75 U/ml).
Results: The IC50 value of trabectedin- on TR-HT1080 cells was 42.9 nM, whereas the IC50 value of trabectedin on the parental HT1080 cells was 3.3 nM, indicating a 13-fold increase. The combination of rMETase (0.75 U/ml) and trabectedin (3.3 nM) was synergistic on TR-HT1080 cells resulting in an inhibition of 64.2% compared to trabectedin alone (5.7%) or rMETase alone (50.5%) (p<0.05). rMETase increased the efficacy of trabectedin 11-fold on trabectedin-resistant fibrosarcoma cells.
Conclusion: The combined administration of trabectedin and rMETase was synergistic on the viability of TR-HT1080 cells in vitro. The combination of rMETase and trabectedin has promising clinical potential for overcoming chemo-resistance of soft-tissue sarcoma.
{"title":"Overcoming High Trabectedin Resistance of Soft-tissue Sarcoma With Recombinant Methioninase: A Potential Solution of a Recalcitrant Clinical Problem.","authors":"Sei Morinaga, Qinghong Han, Kohei Mizuta, Byung M Kang, Motokazu Sato, Michael Bouvet, Norio Yamamoto, Katsuhiro Hayashi, Hiroaki Kimura, Shinji Miwa, Kentaro Igarashi, Takashi Higuchi, Hiroyuki Tsuchiya, Satoru Demura, Robert M Hoffman","doi":"10.21873/anticanres.17203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21873/anticanres.17203","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>Drug resistance has been a recalcitrant problem for sarcoma patients for many decades. Trabectedin is a second-line chemotherapy for soft-tissue sarcoma that often leads to resistance and death of the patients. The objective of the present study was to address the issue of trabectedin-chemoresistance in HT1080 fibrosarcoma cells by combining recombinant methioninase (rMETase) with trabectedin and examining their efficacy on trabectedin-resistant fibrosarcoma cells in vitro.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Trabectedin-resistant HT1080 (TR-HT1080) cells were generated by subjecting HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells to increasing trabectedin concentrations (3.3-8 nM). IC<sub>50</sub> values for trabectedin and rMETase were compared for HT1080 and TR-HT1080 cells. TR-HT 1080 cells were placed into four groups to determine synergy of rMETase and trabectedin on TR-HT1080 cells: a control group with no treatment; a group treated with trabectedin (3.3 nM); a group treated with rMETase (0.75 U/ml); and a group treated with both trabectedin (3.3 nM) and rMETase (0.75 U/ml).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The IC<sub>50</sub> value of trabectedin- on TR-HT1080 cells was 42.9 nM, whereas the IC<sub>50</sub> value of trabectedin on the parental HT1080 cells was 3.3 nM, indicating a 13-fold increase. The combination of rMETase (0.75 U/ml) and trabectedin (3.3 nM) was synergistic on TR-HT1080 cells resulting in an inhibition of 64.2% compared to trabectedin alone (5.7%) or rMETase alone (50.5%) (p<0.05). rMETase increased the efficacy of trabectedin 11-fold on trabectedin-resistant fibrosarcoma cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The combined administration of trabectedin and rMETase was synergistic on the viability of TR-HT1080 cells in vitro. The combination of rMETase and trabectedin has promising clinical potential for overcoming chemo-resistance of soft-tissue sarcoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":8072,"journal":{"name":"Anticancer research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142091648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background/aim: Immune checkpoint inhibitors are effective in treating microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC). Pathological complete response to immune checkpoint inhibitors for MSI-H metastatic CRC have been described in several reports. Liver metastasis is known to predict resistance to ani-programmed death 1 (PD-1)/PD-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) therapy in several cancers, including CRC.
Case report: Herein, we report the case of a 23-year-old man with MSI-H colorectal liver metastasis who exhibited a pathological complete response to pembrolizumab following systemic chemotherapies. Pathological examination of the primary lesion revealed strong HLA-class I and HLA-DR expression in cancer cells. Elevated PD-L1 expression was observed in areas of increased CD8-postive T cell infiltration. Additional pathological study of regional lymph nodes showed increased PD-L1 and CD169 expression.
Conclusion: A detailed pathological examination revealed PD-L1 expression not only in the primary CRC lesion but also in regional lymph nodes. Recent studies have highlighted the significance of regional lymph nodes in anti-cancer immune responses. Therefore, pathological studies using resected lymph nodes might be beneficial for predicting the response of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy.
{"title":"Pathological Complete Response to Liver Metastasis With Pembrolizumab in a Previously Treated Patient With Microsatellite Instability-high Colorectal Cancer.","authors":"Ayumu Hosokawa, Hotaka Tamura, Akiko Ichihara, Naoya Imamura, Kengo Kai, Tsuyoshi Fukushima, Atsushi Nanashima, Yoshihiro Komohara","doi":"10.21873/anticanres.17241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21873/anticanres.17241","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>Immune checkpoint inhibitors are effective in treating microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC). Pathological complete response to immune checkpoint inhibitors for MSI-H metastatic CRC have been described in several reports. Liver metastasis is known to predict resistance to ani-programmed death 1 (PD-1)/PD-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) therapy in several cancers, including CRC.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>Herein, we report the case of a 23-year-old man with MSI-H colorectal liver metastasis who exhibited a pathological complete response to pembrolizumab following systemic chemotherapies. Pathological examination of the primary lesion revealed strong HLA-class I and HLA-DR expression in cancer cells. Elevated PD-L1 expression was observed in areas of increased CD8-postive T cell infiltration. Additional pathological study of regional lymph nodes showed increased PD-L1 and CD169 expression.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A detailed pathological examination revealed PD-L1 expression not only in the primary CRC lesion but also in regional lymph nodes. Recent studies have highlighted the significance of regional lymph nodes in anti-cancer immune responses. Therefore, pathological studies using resected lymph nodes might be beneficial for predicting the response of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":8072,"journal":{"name":"Anticancer research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142091649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}