Didem Saygin, Victoria Werth, Julie J Paik, Jin Kyun Park, Merrilee Needham, Ingrid E Lundberg, Lisa Christopher-Stine
With improved understanding of disease pathogenesis and availability of outcome measures, there has been a remarkable increase in the number of therapeutic clinical trials in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (myositis) over the last three years reaching as many as five trials per site. These trials share similar design and inclusion/exclusion criteria resulting in a competitive clinical trial landscape in myositis. While these are exciting times for the myositis field, we have a number of concerns about the design and conduct of the myositis trials. These include competitive landscape, lengthy placebo arms, underrepresentation of minority groups among participants, use of patient reported outcome measures with limited/no data on validity in myositis, antiquated disease classification criteria, and unclear performance of the ACR/EULAR Myositis Response Criteria in skin-predominant patients despite inclusion of these patients in trials. In this viewpoint, we further discuss these concerns and offer potential solutions such as including patient perspectives in the trial design and adoption of innovative frameworks.
{"title":"Current myositis clinical trials and tribulations.","authors":"Didem Saygin, Victoria Werth, Julie J Paik, Jin Kyun Park, Merrilee Needham, Ingrid E Lundberg, Lisa Christopher-Stine","doi":"10.1136/ard-2023-224652","DOIUrl":"10.1136/ard-2023-224652","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With improved understanding of disease pathogenesis and availability of outcome measures, there has been a remarkable increase in the number of therapeutic clinical trials in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (myositis) over the last three years reaching as many as five trials per site. These trials share similar design and inclusion/exclusion criteria resulting in a competitive clinical trial landscape in myositis. While these are exciting times for the myositis field, we have a number of concerns about the design and conduct of the myositis trials. These include competitive landscape, lengthy placebo arms, underrepresentation of minority groups among participants, use of patient reported outcome measures with limited/no data on validity in myositis, antiquated disease classification criteria, and unclear performance of the ACR/EULAR Myositis Response Criteria in skin-predominant patients despite inclusion of these patients in trials. In this viewpoint, we further discuss these concerns and offer potential solutions such as including patient perspectives in the trial design and adoption of innovative frameworks.</p>","PeriodicalId":8087,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":27.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139432112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kayla Edison, Dion Pepelassis, Reeni Soni, Daryl Schantz, Ilan Buffo
{"title":"Acute rheumatic fever in the province of Manitoba, Canada, before and after the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic.","authors":"Kayla Edison, Dion Pepelassis, Reeni Soni, Daryl Schantz, Ilan Buffo","doi":"10.1136/ard-2023-225294","DOIUrl":"10.1136/ard-2023-225294","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8087,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":27.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139939396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a prototypic autoimmune disease characterised by antibodies to DNA (anti-DNA) and other nuclear macromolecules. Anti-DNA antibodies are markers for classification and disease activity and promote pathogenesis by forming immune complexes that deposit in the tissue or stimulate cytokine production. Studies on the antibody response to DNA have focused primarily on a conformation of DNA known as B-DNA, the classic right-handed double helix. Among other conformations of DNA, Z-DNA is a left-handed helix with a zig-zag backbone; hence, the term Z-DNA. Z-DNA formation is favoured by certain base sequences, with the energetically unfavourable flip from B-DNA to Z-DNA dependent on conditions. Z-DNA differs from B-DNA in its immunogenicity in animal models. Furthermore, anti-Z-DNA antibodies, but not anti-B-DNA antibodies, can be present in otherwise healthy individuals. In SLE, antibodies to Z-DNA can occur in association with antibodies to B-DNA as a cross-reactive response, rising and falling together. While formed transiently in chromosomal DNA, Z-DNA is stably present in bacterial biofilms; biofilms can provide protection against antibiotics and other challenges including elements of host defence. The high GC content of certain bacterial DNA also favours Z-DNA formation as do DNA-binding proteins of bacterial or host origin. Together, these findings suggest that sources of Z-DNA can enhance the immunogenicity of DNA and, in SLE, stimulate the production of cross-reactive antibodies that bind both B-DNA and Z-DNA. As such, DNA can act as a molecular chameleon that, when stabilised in the Z-DNA conformation, can drive autoimmunity.
系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)是一种以 DNA(抗 DNA)和其他核大分子抗体为特征的原型自身免疫性疾病。抗 DNA 抗体是疾病分类和疾病活动的标志,并通过形成沉积在组织中的免疫复合物或刺激细胞因子的产生来促进发病。对 DNA 抗体反应的研究主要集中在被称为 B-DNA 的 DNA 构象上,即典型的右手双螺旋。在 DNA 的其他构象中,Z-DNA 是一种具有之字形骨架的左旋螺旋,因此被称为 Z-DNA。某些碱基序列有利于 Z-DNA 的形成,而从 B-DNA 到 Z-DNA 的能量转换则取决于条件。在动物模型中,Z-DNA 与 B-DNA 的免疫原性不同。此外,健康人体内可能存在抗 Z-DNA 抗体,而非抗 B-DNA 抗体。在系统性红斑狼疮患者中,Z-DNA 抗体可与 B-DNA 抗体同时出现,作为一种交叉反应反应,此消彼长。Z-DNA 可在染色体 DNA 中短暂形成,但可稳定存在于细菌生物膜中;生物膜可抵御抗生素和其他挑战,包括宿主防御要素。某些细菌 DNA 的高 GC 含量也有利于 Z-DNA 的形成,细菌或宿主的 DNA 结合蛋白也是如此。这些发现共同表明,Z-DNA 的来源可增强 DNA 的免疫原性,并在系统性红斑狼疮中刺激产生同时与 B-DNA 和 Z-DNA 结合的交叉反应抗体。因此,DNA可以充当分子变色龙,当其稳定在Z-DNA构象中时,可以驱动自身免疫。
{"title":"The role of DNA in the pathogenesis of SLE: DNA as a molecular chameleon.","authors":"David S Pisetsky, Alan Herbert","doi":"10.1136/ard-2023-225266","DOIUrl":"10.1136/ard-2023-225266","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a prototypic autoimmune disease characterised by antibodies to DNA (anti-DNA) and other nuclear macromolecules. Anti-DNA antibodies are markers for classification and disease activity and promote pathogenesis by forming immune complexes that deposit in the tissue or stimulate cytokine production. Studies on the antibody response to DNA have focused primarily on a conformation of DNA known as B-DNA, the classic right-handed double helix. Among other conformations of DNA, Z-DNA is a left-handed helix with a zig-zag backbone; hence, the term Z-DNA. Z-DNA formation is favoured by certain base sequences, with the energetically unfavourable flip from B-DNA to Z-DNA dependent on conditions. Z-DNA differs from B-DNA in its immunogenicity in animal models. Furthermore, anti-Z-DNA antibodies, but not anti-B-DNA antibodies, can be present in otherwise healthy individuals. In SLE, antibodies to Z-DNA can occur in association with antibodies to B-DNA as a cross-reactive response, rising and falling together. While formed transiently in chromosomal DNA, Z-DNA is stably present in bacterial biofilms; biofilms can provide protection against antibiotics and other challenges including elements of host defence. The high GC content of certain bacterial DNA also favours Z-DNA formation as do DNA-binding proteins of bacterial or host origin. Together, these findings suggest that sources of Z-DNA can enhance the immunogenicity of DNA and, in SLE, stimulate the production of cross-reactive antibodies that bind both B-DNA and Z-DNA. As such, DNA can act as a molecular chameleon that, when stabilised in the Z-DNA conformation, can drive autoimmunity.</p>","PeriodicalId":8087,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":27.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11168871/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140943912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Manish Kumar Singh, Harikrishna Reddy Rallabandi, Xu-Jie Zhou, Yuan-Yuan Qi, Zhan-Zheng Zhao, Ting Gan, Hong Zhang, Loren L Looger, Swapan K Nath
Objective: A recent genome-wide association study linked KLF2 as a novel Asian-specific locus for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) susceptibility. However, the underlying causal functional variant(s), cognate target gene(s) and genetic mechanisms associated with SLE risk are unknown.
Methods: We used bioinformatics to prioritise likely functional variants and validated the best candidate with diverse experimental techniques, including genome editing. Gene expression was compared between healthy controls (HCs) and patients with SLE with or without lupus nephritis (LN+, LN-).
Results: Through bioinformatics and expression quantitative trait locus analyses, we prioritised rs4808485 in active chromatin, predicted to modulate KLF2 expression. Luciferase reporter assays and chromatin immunoprecipitation-qPCR demonstrated differential allele-specific enhancer activity and binding of active histone marks (H3K27ac, H3K4me3 and H3K4me1), Pol II, CTCF, P300 and the transcription factor PARP1. Chromosome conformation capture-qPCR revealed long-range chromatin interactions between rs4808485 and the KLF2 promoter. These were directly validated by CRISPR-based genetic and epigenetic editing in Jurkat and lymphoblastoid cells. Deleting the rs4808485 enhancer in Jurkat (KO) cells disrupted NLRP3 inflammasome machinery by reducing KLF2 and increasing CASPASE1, IL-1β and GSDMD levels. Knockout cells also exhibited higher proliferation and cell-cycle progression than wild type. RNA-seq validated interplay between KLF2 and inflammasome machinery in HC, LN+ and LN-.
Conclusions: We demonstrate how rs4808485 modulates the inflammasome and cellular homoeostasis through regulating KLF2 expression. This establishes mechanistic connections between rs4808485 and SLE susceptibility.
{"title":"<i>KLF2</i> enhancer variant rs4808485 increases lupus risk by modulating inflammasome machinery and cellular homoeostasis.","authors":"Manish Kumar Singh, Harikrishna Reddy Rallabandi, Xu-Jie Zhou, Yuan-Yuan Qi, Zhan-Zheng Zhao, Ting Gan, Hong Zhang, Loren L Looger, Swapan K Nath","doi":"10.1136/ard-2023-224953","DOIUrl":"10.1136/ard-2023-224953","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>A recent genome-wide association study linked KLF2 as a novel Asian-specific locus for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) susceptibility. However, the underlying causal functional variant(s), cognate target gene(s) and genetic mechanisms associated with SLE risk are unknown.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used bioinformatics to prioritise likely functional variants and validated the best candidate with diverse experimental techniques, including genome editing. Gene expression was compared between healthy controls (HCs) and patients with SLE with or without lupus nephritis (LN+, LN-).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Through bioinformatics and expression quantitative trait locus analyses, we prioritised rs4808485 in active chromatin, predicted to modulate KLF2 expression. Luciferase reporter assays and chromatin immunoprecipitation-qPCR demonstrated differential allele-specific enhancer activity and binding of active histone marks (H3K27ac, H3K4me3 and H3K4me1), Pol II, CTCF, P300 and the transcription factor PARP1. Chromosome conformation capture-qPCR revealed long-range chromatin interactions between rs4808485 and the <i>KLF2 promoter.</i> These were directly validated by CRISPR-based genetic and epigenetic editing in Jurkat and lymphoblastoid cells. Deleting the rs4808485 enhancer in Jurkat (KO) cells disrupted NLRP3 inflammasome machinery by reducing <i>KLF2</i> and increasing <i>CASPASE1, IL-1β</i> and <i>GSDMD</i> levels. Knockout cells also exhibited higher proliferation and cell-cycle progression than wild type. RNA-seq validated interplay between <i>KLF2</i> and inflammasome machinery in HC, LN+ and LN-.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We demonstrate how rs4808485 modulates the inflammasome and cellular homoeostasis through regulating <i>KLF2</i> expression. This establishes mechanistic connections between rs4808485 and SLE susceptibility.</p>","PeriodicalId":8087,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":20.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11168881/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139904862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anna Molto, Clementina López-Medina, Alexandre Sepriano, Sofia Ramiro, Manouk de Hooge, Miranda van Lunteren, Victoria Navarro-Compán, Daniel Wendling, Maxime Dougados
Objectives: To evaluate sacroiliac radiographic progression over a 10-year follow-up and determine the baseline factors associated with such progression in patients with recent-onset axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA, <3 years).
Methods: This analysis was performed in the DESIR cohort (NCT01648907). The radiographic status of the patients (radiographic axSpA (r-axSpA) vs non-radiographic axSpA (nr-axSpA)) was based on the modified New York (mNY) criteria. Information on mNY criteria on the pelvic radiographs was obtained in four reading waves over a 10-year period. Images were blinded and centrally read by 3 trained readers. The % of mNY net progressors (ie, number of 'progressors' minus number of 'regressors' divided by the total number of patients) was assessed in completers (ie, pelvic radiographs at baseline and 10 years). The yearly likelihood of mNY+ was estimated using an integrated analysis (ie, including all patients with at least one available mNY score ('intention-to-follow' population) using a generalised estimating equations model and time-varying tumour necrosis factor (TNF) use as a confounder. Baseline predictors of mNY+ during 10 years were evaluated.
Results: Completers included 294 patients, while intention-to-follow included 659 participants. In the completers, the net % progression (from nr-axSpA to r-axSpA) was 5.8%. In the intention-to-follow population, the probability of being mNY+ was estimated to increase 0.87% (95% CI 0.56 to 1.19) per year (ie, 8.7% after 10 years) while when introducing TNF inhibitors (TNFi) as a time-varying covariate, the probability was 0.45% (95% CI 0.09 to 0.81) (ie, 4.5% after 10 years). Baseline bone marrow oedema (BME) on MRI of the sacroiliac joints (SIJ) was associated with being mNY+ over time OR 6.2 (95% CI 5.3 to 7.2) and OR 3.1 (95% CI 2.4 to 3.9) in HLA-B27+ and HLA-B27-, respectively). Male sex, symptom duration >1.5 years, Axial Spondyloarthritis Disease Activity Score ≥2.1 and smoking (only in HLA-B27 positives) were also associated with being mNY+ over 10 years. BME was not found to be a mediator of the HLA-B27 effect on mNY+ at 10 years.
Conclusions: The yearly likelihood of switching from nr-axSpA to r-axSpA in patients after 10 years of follow-up was low, and even lower when considering TNFi use.
目的评估新近发病的轴性脊柱关节炎(axSpA)患者在10年随访期间的骶髂关节放射学进展,并确定与这种进展相关的基线因素:该分析在DESIR队列(NCT01648907)中进行。患者的放射学状态(放射学轴性脊柱关节炎(r-axSpA)与非放射学轴性脊柱关节炎(nr-axSpA))基于修改后的纽约(mNY)标准。骨盆 X 光片上的 mNY 标准信息是在 10 年间的四次读片中获得的。图像由 3 名训练有素的读片员进行盲读和集中读片。在完成者(即基线和 10 年的骨盆 X 光片)中评估 mNY 净进展者的百分比(即 "进展者 "人数减去 "回归者 "人数再除以患者总人数)。使用广义估计方程模型和时变肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)使用情况作为混杂因素,通过综合分析(即包括所有至少有一个可用 mNY 评分的患者("意向随访 "人群))估算 mNY+ 的年概率。对10年间mNY+的基线预测因素进行了评估:结果:完成研究者包括 294 名患者,而意向跟踪研究者包括 659 名参与者。在完成研究者中,净进展率(从 nr-axSpA 到 r-axSpA)为 5.8%。在意向随访人群中,mNY+的概率估计每年增加0.87%(95% CI 0.56至1.19)(即10年后增加8.7%),而当引入TNF抑制剂(TNFi)作为时变协变量时,概率为0.45%(95% CI 0.09至0.81)(即10年后增加4.5%)。骶髂关节(SIJ)核磁共振成像上的基线骨髓水肿(BME)与 HLA-B27+ 和 HLA-B27- 的 mNY+ 随时间变化的相关性分别为 OR 6.2(95% CI 5.3 至 7.2)和 OR 3.1(95% CI 2.4 至 3.9))。男性性别、症状持续时间>1.5年、轴性脊柱关节炎疾病活动度评分≥2.1和吸烟(仅在HLA-B27阳性者中)也与10年内mNY+有关。BME并不是HLA-B27对10年后mNY+影响的介导因素:结论:随访10年后,患者每年从nr-axSpA转为r-axSpA的可能性很低,如果考虑到TNFi的使用,这种可能性甚至更低。
{"title":"Sacroiliac radiographic progression over 10 years in axSpA: data from the DESIR inception cohort.","authors":"Anna Molto, Clementina López-Medina, Alexandre Sepriano, Sofia Ramiro, Manouk de Hooge, Miranda van Lunteren, Victoria Navarro-Compán, Daniel Wendling, Maxime Dougados","doi":"10.1136/ard-2023-225184","DOIUrl":"10.1136/ard-2023-225184","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate sacroiliac radiographic progression over a 10-year follow-up and determine the baseline factors associated with such progression in patients with recent-onset axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA, <3 years).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This analysis was performed in the DESIR cohort (NCT01648907). The radiographic status of the patients (radiographic axSpA (r-axSpA) vs non-radiographic axSpA (nr-axSpA)) was based on the modified New York (mNY) criteria. Information on mNY criteria on the pelvic radiographs was obtained in four reading waves over a 10-year period. Images were blinded and centrally read by 3 trained readers. The % of mNY net progressors (ie, number of 'progressors' minus number of 'regressors' divided by the total number of patients) was assessed in completers (ie, pelvic radiographs at baseline and 10 years). The yearly likelihood of mNY+ was estimated using an integrated analysis (ie, including all patients with at least one available mNY score ('intention-to-follow' population) using a generalised estimating equations model and time-varying tumour necrosis factor (TNF) use as a confounder. Baseline predictors of mNY+ during 10 years were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Completers included 294 patients, while intention-to-follow included 659 participants. In the completers, the net % progression (from nr-axSpA to r-axSpA) was 5.8%. In the intention-to-follow population, the probability of being mNY+ was estimated to increase 0.87% (95% CI 0.56 to 1.19) per year (ie, 8.7% after 10 years) while when introducing TNF inhibitors (TNFi) as a time-varying covariate, the probability was 0.45% (95% CI 0.09 to 0.81) (ie, 4.5% after 10 years). Baseline bone marrow oedema (BME) on MRI of the sacroiliac joints (SIJ) was associated with being mNY+ over time OR 6.2 (95% CI 5.3 to 7.2) and OR 3.1 (95% CI 2.4 to 3.9) in HLA-B27+ and HLA-B27-, respectively). Male sex, symptom duration >1.5 years, Axial Spondyloarthritis Disease Activity Score ≥2.1 and smoking (only in HLA-B27 positives) were also associated with being mNY+ over 10 years. BME was not found to be a mediator of the HLA-B27 effect on mNY+ at 10 years.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The yearly likelihood of switching from nr-axSpA to r-axSpA in patients after 10 years of follow-up was low, and even lower when considering TNFi use.</p>","PeriodicalId":8087,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":27.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139995417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ioannis Parodis, Julius Lindblom, Guillermo Barturen, Rafaela Ortega-Castro, Ricard Cervera, Jacques-Olivier Pers, Fernanda Genre, Falk Hiepe, Maria Gerosa, László Kovács, Ellen De Langhe, Silvia Piantoni, Georg Stummvoll, Carlos Vasconcelos, Barbara Vigone, Torsten Witte, Marta E Alarcón-Riquelme, Lorenzo Beretta
Objectives: To unveil biological milieus underlying low disease activity (LDA) and remission versus active systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).
Methods: We determined differentially expressed pathways (DEPs) in SLE patients from the PRECISESADS project (NTC02890121) stratified into patients fulfilling and not fulfilling the criteria of (1) Lupus LDA State (LLDAS), (2) Definitions of Remission in SLE remission, and (3) LLDAS exclusive of remission.
Results: We analysed data from 321 patients; 40.8% were in LLDAS, and 17.4% in DORIS remission. After exclusion of patients in remission, 28.3% were in LLDAS. Overall, 604 pathways differed significantly in LLDAS versus non-LLDAS patients with an false-discovery rate-corrected p (q)<0.05 and a robust effect size (dr)≥0.36. Accordingly, 288 pathways differed significantly between DORIS remitters and non-remitters (q<0.05 and dr≥0.36). DEPs yielded distinct molecular clusters characterised by differential serological, musculoskeletal, and renal activity. Analysis of partially overlapping samples showed no DEPs between LLDAS and DORIS remission. Drug repurposing potentiality for treating SLE was unveiled, as were important pathways underlying active SLE whose modulation could aid attainment of LLDAS/remission, including toll-like receptor (TLR) cascades, Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) activity, the cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4)-related inhibitory signalling, and the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain leucine-rich repeat-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome pathway.
Conclusions: We demonstrated for the first time molecular signalling pathways distinguishing LLDAS/remission from active SLE. LLDAS/remission was associated with reversal of biological processes related to SLE pathogenesis and specific clinical manifestations. DEP clustering by remission better grouped patients compared with LLDAS, substantiating remission as the ultimate treatment goal in SLE; however, the lack of substantial pathway differentiation between the two states justifies LLDAS as an acceptable goal from a biological perspective.
{"title":"Molecular characterisation of lupus low disease activity state (LLDAS) and DORIS remission by whole-blood transcriptome-based pathways in a pan-European systemic lupus erythematosus cohort.","authors":"Ioannis Parodis, Julius Lindblom, Guillermo Barturen, Rafaela Ortega-Castro, Ricard Cervera, Jacques-Olivier Pers, Fernanda Genre, Falk Hiepe, Maria Gerosa, László Kovács, Ellen De Langhe, Silvia Piantoni, Georg Stummvoll, Carlos Vasconcelos, Barbara Vigone, Torsten Witte, Marta E Alarcón-Riquelme, Lorenzo Beretta","doi":"10.1136/ard-2023-224795","DOIUrl":"10.1136/ard-2023-224795","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To unveil biological milieus underlying low disease activity (LDA) and remission versus active systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We determined differentially expressed pathways (DEPs) in SLE patients from the PRECISESADS project (NTC02890121) stratified into patients fulfilling and not fulfilling the criteria of (1) Lupus LDA State (LLDAS), (2) Definitions of Remission in SLE remission, and (3) LLDAS exclusive of remission.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We analysed data from 321 patients; 40.8% were in LLDAS, and 17.4% in DORIS remission. After exclusion of patients in remission, 28.3% were in LLDAS. Overall, 604 pathways differed significantly in LLDAS versus non-LLDAS patients with an false-discovery rate-corrected p (q)<0.05 and a robust effect size (dr)≥0.36. Accordingly, 288 pathways differed significantly between DORIS remitters and non-remitters (q<0.05 and dr≥0.36). DEPs yielded distinct molecular clusters characterised by differential serological, musculoskeletal, and renal activity. Analysis of partially overlapping samples showed no DEPs between LLDAS and DORIS remission. Drug repurposing potentiality for treating SLE was unveiled, as were important pathways underlying active SLE whose modulation could aid attainment of LLDAS/remission, including toll-like receptor (TLR) cascades, Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) activity, the cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4)-related inhibitory signalling, and the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain leucine-rich repeat-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome pathway.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We demonstrated for the first time molecular signalling pathways distinguishing LLDAS/remission from active SLE. LLDAS/remission was associated with reversal of biological processes related to SLE pathogenesis and specific clinical manifestations. DEP clustering by remission better grouped patients compared with LLDAS, substantiating remission as the ultimate treatment goal in SLE; however, the lack of substantial pathway differentiation between the two states justifies LLDAS as an acceptable goal from a biological perspective.</p>","PeriodicalId":8087,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":20.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11187369/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139904864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jens Thiel, Franziska M Schmidt, Raquel Lorenzetti, Arianna Troilo, Iga Janowska, Lena Nießen, Sophie Pfeiffer, Julian Staniek, Bruno Benassini, Marei-Theresa Bott, Jakov Korzhenevich, Lukas Konstantinidis, Frank Burgbacher, Ann-Katrin Dufner, Natalie Frede, Reinhard E Voll, Jan Stuchly, Marina Bakardjieva, Tomas Kalina, Cristian Roberto Smulski, Nils Venhoff, Marta Rizzi
Objectives: B-cell depletion time after rituximab (RTX) treatment is prolonged in antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) compared with other autoimmune diseases. We investigated central and peripheral B-cell development to identify the causes for the defect in B-cell reconstitution after RTX therapy.
Methods: We recruited 91 patients with AAV and performed deep phenotyping of the peripheral and bone marrow B-cell compartment by spectral flow and mass cytometry. B-cell development was studied by in vitro modelling and the role of BAFF receptor by quantitative PCR, western blot analysis and in vitro assays.
Results: Treatment-naïve patients with AAV showed low transitional B-cell numbers, suggesting impaired B-lymphopoiesis. We analysed bone marrow of treatment-naïve and RTX-treated patients with AAV and found reduced B-lymphoid precursors. In vitro modelling of B-lymphopoiesis from AAV haematopoietic stem cells showed intact, but slower and reduced immature B-cell development. In a subgroup of patients, after RTX treatment, the presence of transitional B cells did not translate in replenishment of naïve B cells, suggesting an impairment in peripheral B-cell maturation. We found low BAFF-receptor expression on B cells of RTX-treated patients with AAV, resulting in reduced survival in response to BAFF in vitro.
Conclusions: Prolonged depletion of B cells in patients with AAV after RTX therapy indicates a B-cell defect that is unmasked by RTX treatment. Our data indicate that impaired bone marrow B-lymphopoiesis results in a delayed recovery of peripheral B cells that may be further aggravated by a survival defect of B cells. Our findings contribute to the understanding of AAV pathogenesis and may have clinical implications regarding RTX retreatment schedules and immunomonitoring after RTX therapy.
研究目的与其他自身免疫性疾病相比,抗中性粒细胞胞浆抗体(ANCA)相关性血管炎(AAV)患者接受利妥昔单抗(RTX)治疗后的B细胞耗竭时间延长。我们研究了中枢和外周 B 细胞的发育情况,以找出 RTX 治疗后 B 细胞重建缺陷的原因:我们招募了 91 名 AAV 患者,通过光谱流式细胞仪和质谱细胞仪对外周和骨髓 B 细胞区进行了深入的表型分析。通过体外建模研究了B细胞的发育,并通过定量PCR、Western印迹分析和体外试验研究了BAFF受体的作用:结果:未经治疗的 AAV 患者显示过渡性 B 细胞数量较少,表明 B 淋巴细胞生成受损。我们分析了未经治疗和经 RTX 治疗的 AAV 患者的骨髓,发现 B 淋巴细胞前体减少。用 AAV 造血干细胞制作的 B 淋巴细胞生成体外模型显示,未成熟 B 细胞的发育完好无损,但速度较慢且数量减少。在一个亚组患者中,经过RTX治疗后,过渡性B细胞的存在并没有转化为幼稚B细胞的补充,这表明外周B细胞成熟受到了损害。我们发现,经AAV治疗的RTX患者的B细胞上BAFF受体表达较低,导致体外BAFF反应存活率降低:结论:RTX 治疗后,AAV 患者 B 细胞的长期耗竭表明,RTX 治疗可消除 B 细胞缺陷。我们的数据表明,骨髓B淋巴细胞生成受损导致外周B细胞恢复延迟,而B细胞的存活缺陷可能会进一步加剧这种延迟。我们的研究结果有助于人们了解 AAV 的发病机制,并可能对 RTX 治疗后的 RTX 再治疗计划和免疫监测产生临床影响。
{"title":"Defects in B-lymphopoiesis and B-cell maturation underlie prolonged B-cell depletion in ANCA-associated vasculitis.","authors":"Jens Thiel, Franziska M Schmidt, Raquel Lorenzetti, Arianna Troilo, Iga Janowska, Lena Nießen, Sophie Pfeiffer, Julian Staniek, Bruno Benassini, Marei-Theresa Bott, Jakov Korzhenevich, Lukas Konstantinidis, Frank Burgbacher, Ann-Katrin Dufner, Natalie Frede, Reinhard E Voll, Jan Stuchly, Marina Bakardjieva, Tomas Kalina, Cristian Roberto Smulski, Nils Venhoff, Marta Rizzi","doi":"10.1136/ard-2024-225587","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/ard-2024-225587","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>B-cell depletion time after rituximab (RTX) treatment is prolonged in antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) compared with other autoimmune diseases. We investigated central and peripheral B-cell development to identify the causes for the defect in B-cell reconstitution after RTX therapy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We recruited 91 patients with AAV and performed deep phenotyping of the peripheral and bone marrow B-cell compartment by spectral flow and mass cytometry. B-cell development was studied by <i>in vitro</i> modelling and the role of BAFF receptor by quantitative PCR, western blot analysis and <i>in vitro</i> assays.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Treatment-naïve patients with AAV showed low transitional B-cell numbers, suggesting impaired B-lymphopoiesis. We analysed bone marrow of treatment-naïve and RTX-treated patients with AAV and found reduced B-lymphoid precursors. <i>In vitro</i> modelling of B-lymphopoiesis from AAV haematopoietic stem cells showed intact, but slower and reduced immature B-cell development. In a subgroup of patients, after RTX treatment, the presence of transitional B cells did not translate in replenishment of naïve B cells, suggesting an impairment in peripheral B-cell maturation. We found low BAFF-receptor expression on B cells of RTX-treated patients with AAV, resulting in reduced survival in response to BAFF <i>in vitro</i>.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Prolonged depletion of B cells in patients with AAV after RTX therapy indicates a B-cell defect that is unmasked by RTX treatment. Our data indicate that impaired bone marrow B-lymphopoiesis results in a delayed recovery of peripheral B cells that may be further aggravated by a survival defect of B cells. Our findings contribute to the understanding of AAV pathogenesis and may have clinical implications regarding RTX retreatment schedules and immunomonitoring after RTX therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":8087,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":27.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141293041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ida K Haugen, David T Felson, Abhishek Abhishek, Francis Berenbaum, Sita Bierma-Zeinstra, Krysia S Dziedzic, John James Edwards, Martin Englund, Merete Hermann-Eriksen, Gabriel Herrero-Beaumont, Catherine Hill, Mariko L Ishimori, Helgi Jonsson, Teemu Karjalainen, Ying Ying Leung, Emmanuel Maheu, Christian D Mallen, Michelle Marshall, Rikke H Moe, Roberta Ramonda, Valentin Ritschl, Marco Jpf Ritt, Tanja A Stamm, Zoltan Szekanecz, Florus van der Giesen, Lotte A van de Stadt, Coen van der Meulen, Ruth Wittoek, Elsie Greibrokk, Hellen Laheij, Margreet Kloppenburg
Objectives: The objective of this study is to develop classification criteria for overall hand osteoarthritis (OA), interphalangeal OA and thumb base OA based on self-reported data and radiographic features.
Methods: The classification criteria sets were developed in three phases. In phase 1, we identified criteria that discriminated hand OA from controls. In phase 2, we used a consensus-based decision analysis approach to derive a clinician-based evaluation of the relative importance of the criteria. In phase 3, we refined the scoring system, determined the cut-offs for disease classification and compared the sensitivity and specificity of the European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology (EULAR) criteria with the 1990 American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria.
Results: In persons with hand symptoms and no other disease (including psoriasis) or acute injury that can explain the hand symptoms (mandatory criteria), hand OA can be classified based on age, duration of morning stiffness, number of joints with osteophytes and joint space narrowing, and concordance between symptoms and radiographic findings. Using a sum of scores based on each diagnostic element, overall hand OA can be classified if a person achieves 9 or more points on a 0-15 scale. The cut-off for interphalangeal OA and thumb base OA is 8 points. While the EULAR criteria demonstrated better sensitivity than the ACR criteria in the phase 1 data set, the performance of the two criteria sets was similar in two external cohorts.
Conclusions: International experts developed the EULAR criteria to classify overall hand OA, interphalangeal OA and thumb base OA in clinical studies using a rigorous methodology.
研究目的本研究的目的是根据自我报告的数据和放射学特征,制定整体手部骨关节炎(OA)、指间OA和拇指基底OA的分类标准:方法:分类标准集分三个阶段制定。在第一阶段,我们确定了区分手部 OA 和对照组的标准。在第 2 阶段,我们采用基于共识的决策分析方法,得出基于临床医生的标准相对重要性评估。在第三阶段,我们完善了评分系统,确定了疾病分类的临界值,并比较了欧洲风湿病学协会联盟(EULAR)标准与 1990 年美国风湿病学会(ACR)标准的敏感性和特异性:结果:对于有手部症状且无其他疾病(包括银屑病)或急性损伤可解释手部症状的患者(强制性标准),可根据年龄、晨僵持续时间、有骨质增生和关节间隙狭窄的关节数量以及症状与影像学检查结果的一致性对手部 OA 进行分类。根据每个诊断要素的得分总和,如果一个人在 0-15 分的量表上达到 9 分或以上,就可以对其整体手部 OA 进行分类。指骨间 OA 和拇指基底 OA 的临界值为 8 分。在第一阶段的数据集中,EULAR标准的灵敏度高于ACR标准,但在两个外部队列中,两套标准的表现相似:结论:国际专家制定了 EULAR 标准,在临床研究中采用严格的方法对整体手部 OA、指间 OA 和拇指基底 OA 进行分类。
{"title":"2023 EULAR classification criteria for hand osteoarthritis.","authors":"Ida K Haugen, David T Felson, Abhishek Abhishek, Francis Berenbaum, Sita Bierma-Zeinstra, Krysia S Dziedzic, John James Edwards, Martin Englund, Merete Hermann-Eriksen, Gabriel Herrero-Beaumont, Catherine Hill, Mariko L Ishimori, Helgi Jonsson, Teemu Karjalainen, Ying Ying Leung, Emmanuel Maheu, Christian D Mallen, Michelle Marshall, Rikke H Moe, Roberta Ramonda, Valentin Ritschl, Marco Jpf Ritt, Tanja A Stamm, Zoltan Szekanecz, Florus van der Giesen, Lotte A van de Stadt, Coen van der Meulen, Ruth Wittoek, Elsie Greibrokk, Hellen Laheij, Margreet Kloppenburg","doi":"10.1136/ard-2023-225073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/ard-2023-225073","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The objective of this study is to develop classification criteria for overall hand osteoarthritis (OA), interphalangeal OA and thumb base OA based on self-reported data and radiographic features.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The classification criteria sets were developed in three phases. In phase 1, we identified criteria that discriminated hand OA from controls. In phase 2, we used a consensus-based decision analysis approach to derive a clinician-based evaluation of the relative importance of the criteria. In phase 3, we refined the scoring system, determined the cut-offs for disease classification and compared the sensitivity and specificity of the European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology (EULAR) criteria with the 1990 American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In persons with hand symptoms and no other disease (including psoriasis) or acute injury that can explain the hand symptoms (mandatory criteria), hand OA can be classified based on age, duration of morning stiffness, number of joints with osteophytes and joint space narrowing, and concordance between symptoms and radiographic findings. Using a sum of scores based on each diagnostic element, overall hand OA can be classified if a person achieves 9 or more points on a 0-15 scale. The cut-off for interphalangeal OA and thumb base OA is 8 points. While the EULAR criteria demonstrated better sensitivity than the ACR criteria in the phase 1 data set, the performance of the two criteria sets was similar in two external cohorts.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>International experts developed the EULAR criteria to classify overall hand OA, interphalangeal OA and thumb base OA in clinical studies using a rigorous methodology.</p>","PeriodicalId":8087,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":27.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141183572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Weijia Wang, Shanzhi He, Wenli Zhang, Hongyu Zhang, Vincent M DeStefano, Masayuki Wada, Kevin Pinz, Greg Deener, Darshi Shah, Nabil Hagag, Min Wang, Ming Hong, Ronghao Zeng, Ting Lan, Yu Ma, Fugui Li, Yingwen Liang, Zhencong Guo, Chanjuan Zou, Mingxia Wang, Ling Ding, Yupo Ma, Yong Yuan
Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of BCMA-CD19 compound chimeric antigen receptor T cells (cCAR) to dual reset the humoral and B cell immune system in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with lupus nephritis (LN).
Methods: This is a single-arm open-label multicentre phase 1 study of BCMA and CD19-directed cCAR in patients suffering from SLE/LN with autoantibodies produced by B cells and plasma/long-lived plasma cells. In this clinical trial, we sequentially assigned biopsy-confirmed (classes III-V) LN patients to receive 3×106 cCAR cells/kg postcessation of all SLE medications and conditioning. The primary endpoint of safety and toxicity was assessed. Complete immune reset was indicated by B cell receptor (BCR) deep sequencing and flow cytometry analysis. Patient 11 (P11) had insufficient lymphocyte counts and was underdosed as compassionate use.
Results: P1 and P2 achieved symptom and medication-free remission (MFR) from SLE and complete remission from lymphoma. P3-P13 (excluding P11) received an initial dose of 3×106 cCAR cells /kg and were negative for all autoantibodies, including those derived from long-lived plasma cells, 3 months post-cCAR and the complement returned to normal levels. These patients achieved symptom and MFR with post-cCAR follow-up to 46 months. Complete recovery of B cells was seen in 2-6 months post-cCAR. Mean SLE Disease Activity Index 2000 reduced from 10.6 (baseline) to 2.7 (3 months), and renal function significantly improved in 10 LN patients ≤90 days post-cCAR. cCAR T therapy was well tolerant with mild cytokine-release syndrome.
Conclusions: Data suggest that cCAR therapy was safe and effective in inducing MFR and depleting disease-causing autoantibodies in patients with SLE.
{"title":"BCMA-CD19 compound CAR T cells for systemic lupus erythematosus: a phase 1 open-label clinical trial.","authors":"Weijia Wang, Shanzhi He, Wenli Zhang, Hongyu Zhang, Vincent M DeStefano, Masayuki Wada, Kevin Pinz, Greg Deener, Darshi Shah, Nabil Hagag, Min Wang, Ming Hong, Ronghao Zeng, Ting Lan, Yu Ma, Fugui Li, Yingwen Liang, Zhencong Guo, Chanjuan Zou, Mingxia Wang, Ling Ding, Yupo Ma, Yong Yuan","doi":"10.1136/ard-2024-225785","DOIUrl":"10.1136/ard-2024-225785","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of BCMA-CD19 compound chimeric antigen receptor T cells (cCAR) to dual reset the humoral and B cell immune system in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with lupus nephritis (LN).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a single-arm open-label multicentre phase 1 study of BCMA and CD19-directed cCAR in patients suffering from SLE/LN with autoantibodies produced by B cells and plasma/long-lived plasma cells. In this clinical trial, we sequentially assigned biopsy-confirmed (classes III-V) LN patients to receive 3×10<sup>6</sup> cCAR cells/kg postcessation of all SLE medications and conditioning. The primary endpoint of safety and toxicity was assessed. Complete immune reset was indicated by B cell receptor (BCR) deep sequencing and flow cytometry analysis. Patient 11 (P11) had insufficient lymphocyte counts and was underdosed as compassionate use.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>P1 and P2 achieved symptom and medication-free remission (MFR) from SLE and complete remission from lymphoma. P3-P13 (excluding P11) received an initial dose of 3×10<sup>6</sup> cCAR cells /kg and were negative for all autoantibodies, including those derived from long-lived plasma cells, 3 months post-cCAR and the complement returned to normal levels. These patients achieved symptom and MFR with post-cCAR follow-up to 46 months. Complete recovery of B cells was seen in 2-6 months post-cCAR. Mean SLE Disease Activity Index 2000 reduced from 10.6 (baseline) to 2.7 (3 months), and renal function significantly improved in 10 LN patients ≤90 days post-cCAR. cCAR T therapy was well tolerant with mild cytokine-release syndrome.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Data suggest that cCAR therapy was safe and effective in inducing MFR and depleting disease-causing autoantibodies in patients with SLE.</p>","PeriodicalId":8087,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":27.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141079475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Christoph Baerwald, Edgar Stemmler, Sixten Gnüchtel, Katharina Jeromin, Björn Fritz, Michael Bernateck, Daniela Adolf, Peter C Taylor, Ralf Baron
Objectives: To determine the proportion of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with severe persisting pain and to identify predictive factors despite treatment-controlled disease activity.
Methods: This prospective multicentre study included outpatients with RA scheduled for escalation of anti-inflammatory treatment due to active disease and severe pain (Disease Activity Score 28 (DAS28)>3.2 and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS)>50). At week 24, patients were stratified into reference group (DAS28 improvement>1.2 or DAS28≤3.2 and VAS pain score<50), non-responders (DAS28 improvement≤1.2 and DAS28>3.2, regardless of VAS pain score) and persisting pain group (DAS28 improvement>1.2 or DAS28≤3.2 and VAS pain score≥50). The former two subgroups ended the study at week 24. The latter continued until week 48. Demographic data, DAS28-C reactive protein, VAS for pain, painDETECT Questionnaire (PD-Q) to identify neuropathic pain (NeP) and the Pain Catastrophising Scale were assessed and tested for relation to persisting pain.
Results: Of 567 patients, 337 (59.4%) were classified as reference group, 102 (18.0%) as non-responders and 128 (22.6%) as patients with persisting pain. 21 (8.8%) responders, 28 (35.0%) non-responders and 27 (26.5%) persisting pain patients tested positive for NeP at week 24. Pain catastrophising (p=0.002) and number of tender joints (p=0.004) were positively associated with persisting pain at week 24. Baseline PD-Q was not related to subsequent persisting pain.
Conclusions: Persisting and non-nociceptive pain occur frequently in RA. Besides the potential involvement of NeP, pain catastrophising and a higher number of tender joints coincide with persisting pain.
{"title":"Predictors for severe persisting pain in rheumatoid arthritis are associated with pain origin and appraisal of pain.","authors":"Christoph Baerwald, Edgar Stemmler, Sixten Gnüchtel, Katharina Jeromin, Björn Fritz, Michael Bernateck, Daniela Adolf, Peter C Taylor, Ralf Baron","doi":"10.1136/ard-2023-225414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/ard-2023-225414","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To determine the proportion of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with severe persisting pain and to identify predictive factors despite treatment-controlled disease activity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective multicentre study included outpatients with RA scheduled for escalation of anti-inflammatory treatment due to active disease and severe pain (Disease Activity Score 28 (DAS28)>3.2 and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS)>50). At week 24, patients were stratified into reference group (DAS28 improvement>1.2 or DAS28≤3.2 and VAS pain score<50), non-responders (DAS28 improvement≤1.2 and DAS28>3.2, regardless of VAS pain score) and persisting pain group (DAS28 improvement>1.2 or DAS28≤3.2 and VAS pain score≥50). The former two subgroups ended the study at week 24. The latter continued until week 48. Demographic data, DAS28-C reactive protein, VAS for pain, painDETECT Questionnaire (PD-Q) to identify neuropathic pain (NeP) and the Pain Catastrophising Scale were assessed and tested for relation to persisting pain.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 567 patients, 337 (59.4%) were classified as reference group, 102 (18.0%) as non-responders and 128 (22.6%) as patients with persisting pain. 21 (8.8%) responders, 28 (35.0%) non-responders and 27 (26.5%) persisting pain patients tested positive for NeP at week 24. Pain catastrophising (p=0.002) and number of tender joints (p=0.004) were positively associated with persisting pain at week 24. Baseline PD-Q was not related to subsequent persisting pain.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Persisting and non-nociceptive pain occur frequently in RA. Besides the potential involvement of NeP, pain catastrophising and a higher number of tender joints coincide with persisting pain.</p>","PeriodicalId":8087,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":27.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141178727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}