Canadian psychological review. Psychologie canadienne最新文献

英文中文

Legal issues and behaviour modification: A Canadian perspective. 法律问题和行为矫正:加拿大视角。

Canadian psychological review. Psychologie canadienne

Pub Date : 1979-10-01 DOI: 10.1037/H0081519

E. James, R. Allon

引用次数: 1

Frustration, exploration, and learning. 挫折、探索和学习。

Canadian psychological review. Psychologie canadienne

Pub Date : 1979-07-01 DOI: 10.1037/H0081509

P. Wong

D. E. Berlyne's principle that uncertainty leads to exploration is extended to situations involving frustrativc nonreward. Both empirical evidence and logical analysis support the frustration-exploration hypothesis, which posits that uncertain frustration leads to exploration, whose primary function is to broaden the scope of response selection. The facilitative effects of frustration-motivated exploration in learning are documented, and their implications for education are discussed. One of Daniel Berlyne's abiding interests was in curiosity and exploration. Perhaps, among his many significant contributions to psychology, his work in this area has made the greatest impact. His 1960 monograph Conflict, Arousal and Curiosity is among the 100 books most cited by social scientists (Garfield, 1978). Few will disagree that it is mainly due to Berlyne's influence that exploration or information seeking has been elevated to the same status as hedonism as one of the primary sources of motivation. In view of the prevalence of information seeking (Berlyne, 1966), a case may be made that it is a more important motivation than the pursuit of hedonic goals. In paying tributes to Berlyne, I cannot help but reminisce on the good old days of being a graduate student at the University of Toronto, when both Daniel Berlyne and Abram Amsel were on the psychology faculty. To be taught by these two eminent psychologists was to be influenced by them in a profound way. Although different in many ways in their approaches to research, both of them demonstrated a remarkable degree of independence of thought in the midst of shifting paradigms and changing fashions in psychological research. While Amsel concentrated his Portions of this paper were presented in a symposium in honour of the late D. E. Berlyne at the Canadian Psychological Association Meeting in Vancouver, July, 1977. The paper was written while the author was a visiting scholar at the University of California, Los Angeles. It was supported by Grant 3A0701 from the National Research Council of Canada, and a Canada Council Leave Fellowship. Requests for reprints should be addressed to P. T. P. Wong, Department of Psychology, Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, K9J 7B8. research efforts in well defined problem areas, Berlyne's own curiosity led him to explore new frontiers in psychology. One learned from Amsel how to rigorously and thoroughly investigate a phenomenon; one learned from Berlyne how to see old problems in new lights and how to detect connections in seemingly unrelated areas of research. Both of these approaches have influenced my own research career, and these influences have contributed to the present paper which attempts to interface frustration and exploration. In the past ten years, I have done several studies on the problem of persistence and frustration, even though such research no longer attracts the attention it once did. Having carefully observed hundreds of rats in a great variety of

D. E. Berlyne关于不确定性导致探索的原则也适用于包含挫败性无奖励的情境。经验证据和逻辑分析都支持挫折-探索假说，该假说认为不确定的挫折导致探索，其主要功能是扩大反应选择的范围。本文记录了挫折动机探索在学习中的促进作用，并讨论了它们对教育的影响。丹尼尔·柏林长久以来的兴趣之一就是好奇和探索。也许，在他对心理学的许多重要贡献中，他在这一领域的工作影响最大。他1960年的专著《冲突、觉醒和好奇心》是被社会科学家引用最多的100本书之一(加菲尔德，1978)。很少有人会不同意，这主要是由于柏林的影响，探索或信息寻求已经被提升到与享乐主义一样的地位，成为动机的主要来源之一。鉴于信息寻求的盛行(Berlyne, 1966)，我们可以认为这是一个比追求享乐目标更重要的动机。在向柏林致敬的同时，我不禁回想起在多伦多大学(University of Toronto)读研究生的美好时光，当时丹尼尔•柏林和亚伯兰•阿姆塞尔(abraham Amsel)都在心理学系任教。受这两位著名心理学家的教导，是受到他们深刻的影响。尽管他们的研究方法在许多方面有所不同，但在心理学研究范式和时尚不断变化的过程中，他们都表现出了显著的思想独立性。1977年7月，在温哥华举行的加拿大心理协会会议上，Amsel在纪念已故的d.e. Berlyne的研讨会上发表了他的部分论文。这篇论文是作者在加州大学洛杉矶分校做访问学者时写的。它得到了加拿大国家研究委员会的补助金3A0701和加拿大委员会休假奖学金的支持。如需转载，请寄p.t.p. Wong，特伦特大学心理学系，安大略省彼得伯勒，邮编:K9J 7B8。在明确界定的问题领域的研究工作中，Berlyne自己的好奇心促使他探索心理学的新领域。人们从Amsel那里学会了如何严格而彻底地调查一种现象;一个人从柏林学到了如何用新的眼光看待老问题，以及如何发现看似无关的研究领域之间的联系。这两种方法都影响了我自己的研究生涯，而这些影响也促成了本文试图将挫折和探索结合起来。在过去的十年里，我做了一些关于坚持和挫折问题的研究，尽管这些研究不再像以前那样引起人们的关注。在仔细观察了数百只老鼠在各种令人沮丧的情况下的表现后，我不禁注意到它们普遍存在的探索行为。例如，在跑道情况下，部分加固增加了嗅探，探索跑道壁上不相关的洞，以及通往球门的路线变化(Wong 1977a, 1978a)。在本文中，我将记录支持挫折探索假说的现有证据。更具体地说，我将试图证明:(1)不确定的挫折导致探索，(2)挫折动机的探索主要由反应变化组成，(3)这种类型的探索在工具性学习中起着重要作用。然而，在我们研究支持挫折探索假说的证据和论据之前，我们应该首先研究探索作为一个概念和过去对这一主题的研究。

{"title":"Frustration, exploration, and learning.","authors":"P. Wong","doi":"10.1037/H0081509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/H0081509","url":null,"abstract":"D. E. Berlyne's principle that uncertainty leads to exploration is extended to situations involving frustrativc nonreward. Both empirical evidence and logical analysis support the frustration-exploration hypothesis, which posits that uncertain frustration leads to exploration, whose primary function is to broaden the scope of response selection. The facilitative effects of frustration-motivated exploration in learning are documented, and their implications for education are discussed. One of Daniel Berlyne's abiding interests was in curiosity and exploration. Perhaps, among his many significant contributions to psychology, his work in this area has made the greatest impact. His 1960 monograph Conflict, Arousal and Curiosity is among the 100 books most cited by social scientists (Garfield, 1978). Few will disagree that it is mainly due to Berlyne's influence that exploration or information seeking has been elevated to the same status as hedonism as one of the primary sources of motivation. In view of the prevalence of information seeking (Berlyne, 1966), a case may be made that it is a more important motivation than the pursuit of hedonic goals. In paying tributes to Berlyne, I cannot help but reminisce on the good old days of being a graduate student at the University of Toronto, when both Daniel Berlyne and Abram Amsel were on the psychology faculty. To be taught by these two eminent psychologists was to be influenced by them in a profound way. Although different in many ways in their approaches to research, both of them demonstrated a remarkable degree of independence of thought in the midst of shifting paradigms and changing fashions in psychological research. While Amsel concentrated his Portions of this paper were presented in a symposium in honour of the late D. E. Berlyne at the Canadian Psychological Association Meeting in Vancouver, July, 1977. The paper was written while the author was a visiting scholar at the University of California, Los Angeles. It was supported by Grant 3A0701 from the National Research Council of Canada, and a Canada Council Leave Fellowship. Requests for reprints should be addressed to P. T. P. Wong, Department of Psychology, Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, K9J 7B8. research efforts in well defined problem areas, Berlyne's own curiosity led him to explore new frontiers in psychology. One learned from Amsel how to rigorously and thoroughly investigate a phenomenon; one learned from Berlyne how to see old problems in new lights and how to detect connections in seemingly unrelated areas of research. Both of these approaches have influenced my own research career, and these influences have contributed to the present paper which attempts to interface frustration and exploration. In the past ten years, I have done several studies on the problem of persistence and frustration, even though such research no longer attracts the attention it once did. Having carefully observed hundreds of rats in a great variety of","PeriodicalId":80882,"journal":{"name":"Canadian psychological review. Psychologie canadienne","volume":"34 1","pages":"133-144"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81047526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 38

The status of the psychology of consciousness within Canadian academic psychology. 意识心理学在加拿大学术心理学中的地位。

Canadian psychological review. Psychologie canadienne

Pub Date : 1979-01-01 DOI: 10.1037/H0081505

J. Osborne

引用次数: 0

Rejoinder to Burke's review of Organizational behavior. 对伯克关于组织行为学的评论的反驳。

Canadian psychological review. Psychologie canadienne

Pub Date : 1979-01-01 DOI: 10.1037/H0081517

David J. Lawless

引用次数: 0

Citation rates and the quality of Canadian psychology departments. 引文率与加拿大心理学系的质量。

Canadian psychological review. Psychologie canadienne

Pub Date : 1979-01-01 DOI: 10.1037/H0081490

D. L. Schaeffer, I. Sulyma

引用次数: 9

Where the "stars" are: The 25 most cited psychologists in Canada (1972–1976). “明星”在哪里:加拿大被引用次数最多的25位心理学家(1972-1976)。

Canadian psychological review. Psychologie canadienne

Pub Date : 1979-01-01 DOI: 10.1037/H0081489

N. Endler

引用次数: 11

Simultaneous and successive processes, language and mental abilities. 同时的和连续的过程，语言和心理能力。

Canadian psychological review. Psychologie canadienne

Pub Date : 1979-01-01 DOI: 10.1037/H0081488

J. Das, James Cummins, J. Kirby, R. Jarman

引用次数: 36

Modification du nom et du rôle de la revue Psychologie Canadienne. 修改《加拿大心理学》杂志的名称和角色。

Canadian psychological review. Psychologie canadienne

Pub Date : 1979-01-01 DOI: 10.1037/H0081496

J. Inglis, G. R. Skanes, D. Perlman

引用次数: 0

The education of the deaf in Canada: An update. 加拿大聋人教育:最新进展。

Canadian psychological review. Psychologie canadienne

Pub Date : 1979-01-01 DOI: 10.1037/H0081493

J. C. Macdougall

引用次数: 4

Behavioural science and behavioural medicine. 行为科学和行为医学。

Canadian psychological review. Psychologie canadienne

Pub Date : 1979-01-01 DOI: 10.1037/H0081508

J. Inglis

引用次数: 5

下一页尾页

类型

全部化学•材料生命科学医学物理工程技术环境•农林材料科学地球科学法学管理学化学环境科学与生态学计算机科学教育学经济学农林科学人文科学生物学数学物理与天体物理心理学综合性期刊其他工业工程理学历史学农学文学信息工程

数据库

全部 ACS Publications Elsevier ieeexplore Springer The Royal Society of Chemistry Wiley

期刊

Canadian psychological review. Psychologie canadienne

全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.

﹀