Aquacultural Engineering最新文献

Modelling the effects of temperature and chlorophyll on growth and survival of the oyster Crassostrea gigas in two different cultivation systems 模拟温度和叶绿素对两种不同栽培系统下牡蛎长牡蛎生长和存活的影响

IF 4.3 2区农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Aquacultural Engineering

Pub Date : 2026-01-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaeng.2026.102696

D.C. Galhanas , A.M.T. Mata , M. Simões , M.M. Silva , R. Salgado

With rising global demand for oysters, optimizing aquaculture systems to maximize productivity while ensuring sustainability has become increasingly critical. This study evaluates two cultivation methods rectangular bags and cylindrical baskets, for Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas over a 12-month period in Sado estuary (Portugal). Oyster growth (using four initial weights: 5, 10, 20, and 45 g), survival rates, and water quality parameters, (pH, dissolved oxygen, salinity, temperature in situ and chlorophyll-a, phosphate and total nitrogen concentrations), were monitored. Mathematical models were developed to quantify growth dynamics under varying environmental conditions. Overall results, averaged across the four independent experiments, showed that cylindrical baskets significantly outperformed rectangular bags, exhibiting a higher growth rate (0.39 g d⁻¹) and higher survival (35 %) compared with bags (0.26 g d⁻¹ and 30 %, respectively). Temperature and chlorophyll-a concentration was identified as primary growth-limiting factors, with oyster biomass accumulation positively correlated to chlorophyll-a availability and negatively affected by low temperatures extremes (<10°C). The derived models integrate these environmental drivers, allowing accurate predictions of oyster growth under seasonal variability. Although differences in growth performance were observed between cultivation methods, both systems allowed oysters to reach full commercial size (30–60 g) within a maximum of eight months in Sado estuary. For 5 g seed oysters cultivated from July on, triploid C. gigas required approximately 7–8 months in rectangular bags and 5–6 months in cylindrical baskets to attain market size. Overall, the results highlight the superior performance of cylindrical basket systems for commercial oyster farming and demonstrate the usefulness of mathematical models as robust tools for production planning and yield optimization under variable environmental conditions.

随着全球对牡蛎需求的增加，优化水产养殖系统以最大限度地提高生产力，同时确保可持续性已变得越来越重要。本研究对葡萄牙萨多河口（Sado estuary）太平洋牡蛎长牡蛎的两种养殖方法进行了为期12个月的评估。研究人员监测了牡蛎的生长（采用4种初始体重：5、10、20和45 g）、存活率和水质参数（pH、溶解氧、盐度、原位温度和叶绿素a、磷酸盐和总氮浓度）。建立了数学模型来量化不同环境条件下的生长动态。四个独立实验的平均结果表明，圆柱形篮子明显优于矩形袋子，与袋子（分别为0.26 g d⁻¹和30 %）相比，表现出更高的增长率（0.39 g d⁻¹）和更高的存活率（35 %）。温度和叶绿素a浓度是主要的生长限制因子，牡蛎生物量积累与叶绿素a有效性正相关，并受到极端低温（10°C）的负影响。导出的模型整合了这些环境驱动因素，允许在季节变化下准确预测牡蛎的生长。尽管观察到不同的培养方法在生长性能上存在差异，但在佐渡河口，这两种系统都能使牡蛎在最多8个月内达到完全的商业尺寸（30-60 g）。对于从7月开始培育的5颗 g种子牡蛎，三倍体C. gigas在矩形袋中大约需要7-8个月，在圆柱形篮子中需要5 - 6个月才能达到市场尺寸。总体而言，结果突出了商业牡蛎养殖的圆柱篮系统的优越性能，并证明了数学模型作为可变环境条件下生产计划和产量优化的强大工具的实用性。

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引用次数: 0

A feasibility study on using a simplified mass balance to predict potassium in integrated freshwater aquaculture 简化质量平衡法预测淡水综合养殖中钾含量的可行性研究

IF 4.3 2区农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Aquacultural Engineering

Pub Date : 2026-01-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaeng.2026.102691

Anıl Axel Tellbüscher , Radek Gebauer , Martin Šeda , Tobias Goldhammer , Ondřej Nikl , Ewumi Azeez Folorunso , Koushik Roy , Hendrik Monsees , Werner Kloas , Jan Mráz

This study assessed whether simplified mass balance calculations that neglect retention could be used to predict the concentration of potassium (hypothesis: yes) and phosphorus (hypothesis: no) in aquaculture systems, irrespective of feed ingredient choice. Three feeds with distinct formulations and graded levels of potassium and phosphorus were fed to Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in recirculating aquaculture systems. All inputs (feed, water, caustic) and outputs (water, sludge, fish) were recorded throughout the 91-day experiment. Mass balance calculations with and without retention term (fish, sludge) were then used for prediction. The steady state concentration based on a simplified mass balance was systematically about 20 % lower than predicted. No unambiguous statement could be made about phosphorus due to unaccounted inputs that led to considerable deviation of observed from predicted concentrations. The results of this study indicate that the simplified mass balance might be appropriate to estimate potassium concentrations. Additional studies are, however, necessary to validate the outcomes for a wider range of feed ingredients and fish species.

本研究评估了忽略滞留的简化质量平衡计算是否可以用于预测水产养殖系统中钾（假设：是）和磷（假设：否）的浓度，而不考虑饲料成分的选择。在循环水养殖系统中对尼罗罗非鱼（Oreochromis niloticus）投喂了3种不同配方和不同钾磷水平的饲料。在91天的试验中，记录了所有的投入（饲料、水、碱）和产出（水、污泥、鱼）。然后使用有和没有滞留期（鱼、污泥）的质量平衡计算进行预测。基于简化质量平衡的稳态浓度系统比预测低约20% %。由于未计算的输入导致观测到的浓度与预测的浓度有相当大的偏差，因此无法对磷作出明确的说明。本研究结果表明，简化的质量平衡法可能适用于钾离子浓度的估计。然而，需要进一步的研究来验证更广泛的饲料成分和鱼类的结果。

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引用次数: 0

Operational agricultural water management in river-based aquaculture: A machine-learning approach to predict dissolved oxygen in the Halda River, Bangladesh 基于河流的水产养殖中的操作农业用水管理：预测孟加拉国哈尔达河溶解氧的机器学习方法

IF 4.3 2区农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Aquacultural Engineering

Pub Date : 2026-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaeng.2026.102693

Md. Abdullah Al Mamun Hridoy , Paolo Pastorino , Chiara Bordin , Matteo Bodini , Nayan Dhar , Petra Schneider , Leonardo Goliatt , Pakorn Ditthakit , Bruno da Silva Macêdo , Khairul Nizam Abdul Maulud

Dissolved Oxygen (DO) represents a key operational constraint for river-dependent aquaculture, and short-term DO forecasting can support practical agricultural water management in systems that directly abstract river water. Relying on daily physicochemical observations from the Halda River, Bangladesh (April 2024–March 2025), four Machine Learning (ML) models were evaluated for DO prediction, i.e. Linear Regression, Artificial Neural Network, Support Vector Machine, and Random Forest. Among the latter ML models, Random Forest achieved the highest predictive performance (R² = 0.9015, RMSE = 0.0833, and MAE = 0.0574), substantially outperforming the considered baseline Linear Regression model (R² = 0.4469, RMSE = 0.1892, and MAE = 0.1478). DO was generally stable (about 6.3–7.0 mg/L) while ionic variables, e.g., chloride, conductivity, and Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), showed pronounced dry-season peaks, thus indicating conditions where oxygen stress can become more likely and less predictable. Explainable ML interpretation developed on feature importance and SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) consistently identified water temperature and ionic concentration proxies, especially chloride, alongside conductivity, and TDS, as the dominant drivers of DO variability. Relying on the latter findings, an operational decision-support workflow is proposed in which forecasts based on the Random Forest ML model are paired with low-cost monitoring of temperature and chloride to trigger time-graded farm actions, such as targeted aeration, temporary intake closure, and stocking/feeding adjustments. The reported results in the developed study demonstrate a transferable pathway for moving from accurate and interpretable ML forecasts to actionable agricultural water management protocols that reduce risk of critical losses in river-based aquaculture.

溶解氧（DO）是依赖河流的水产养殖的关键操作约束，短期DO预测可以支持直接抽取河水的系统中的实际农业用水管理。根据孟加拉国Halda河（2024年4月至2025年3月）的日常物理化学观测，对线性回归、人工神经网络、支持向量机和随机森林四种机器学习（ML）模型进行了DO预测评估。在后一种ML模型中，Random Forest的预测性能最高（R²= 0.9015,RMSE = 0.0833, MAE = 0.0574），大大优于考虑的基线线性回归模型（R²= 0.4469,RMSE = 0.1892, MAE = 0.1478）。DO总体上是稳定的（约6.3-7.0 mg/L），而离子变量，如氯化物、电导率和总溶解固体（TDS），显示出明显的旱季峰值，从而表明条件下，氧应激可能变得更可能和更不可预测。可解释的ML解释是基于特征的重要性发展起来的，SHapley加性解释（SHAP）一致认为水温和离子浓度，特别是氯离子，以及电导率和TDS是溶解氧变化的主要驱动因素。根据后一项研究结果，提出了一种操作决策支持工作流，其中基于随机森林ML模型的预测与低成本的温度和氯化物监测相结合，以触发时间分级的农场行动，如有针对性的曝气，临时关闭进水口，以及放养/饲养调整。在已开发的研究中报告的结果表明，从准确和可解释的ML预测到可操作的农业水管理协议的可转移途径，可以减少河流水产养殖中重大损失的风险。

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引用次数: 0

STCA-MobileViTv3: A spatiotemporal collaborative attention network for fish feeding intensity recognition in underwater videos STCA-MobileViTv3：用于水下视频中鱼类摄食强度识别的时空协同关注网络

IF 4.3 2区农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Aquacultural Engineering

Pub Date : 2026-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaeng.2026.102695

Mingbiao Wu , Liang Wang , Tianyou Huang , Huiyuan Pang , Shuangyin Liu , Meng Cui , Longqin Xu

Fish Feeding Intensity Recognition (FFIR) quantifies the feeding activity levels of fish schools during feeding operations, providing a basis for precise feed control and thereby reducing aquaculture costs. While most existing FFIR methods rely on static images, video-based approaches can capture feeding behavior processes with richer contextual information. However, existing video-based FFIR methods face two major challenges: first, underwater videos suffer from blurriness, uneven illumination, scaly reflection, and fish occlusion, making it difficult to distinguish subjects from backgrounds; second, redundant frames introduce excessive noise, hindering accurate focus on key motion cues. To address these issues, this paper proposes STCA-MobileViTv3, a video recognition model built upon the MobileViTv3-XXS backbone, with experiments conducted on tilapia aquaculture scenarios. The model incorporates a Spatiotemporal Cooperative Attention (STCA) module comprising three branches: Temporal Attention Gating (TAG) for adaptive redundant frame noise suppression, Multi-Scale Coordinate Attention (MSCA) for enhanced attention to feeding regions under underwater interference, and Spatial Motion Excitation (SME) for strengthened motion perception while mitigating underwater-specific disturbances. The experimental results show that our proposed model achieves an accuracy of 96.88 % and an F1 score of 0.9598, representing improvements of 6.88 % and 5.63 % over the baseline model and SlowFast, respectively, while maintaining only 1.431 M parameters. These results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves a favorable balance between accuracy and efficiency, showing potential for deployment in intelligent feeding systems for aquaculture.

鱼类摄食强度识别（FFIR）量化了饲养过程中鱼群的摄食活动水平，为精确控制饲料提供了基础，从而降低了水产养殖成本。虽然大多数现有的FFIR方法依赖于静态图像，但基于视频的方法可以通过更丰富的上下文信息捕获进食行为过程。然而，现有的基于视频的FFIR方法面临两大挑战：首先，水下视频存在模糊、光照不均匀、鳞片反射和鱼类遮挡等问题，难以区分主体和背景；其次，冗余帧引入了过多的噪声，阻碍了对关键动作线索的准确聚焦。为了解决这些问题，本文提出了基于MobileViTv3-XXS主干的STCA-MobileViTv3视频识别模型，并在罗非鱼养殖场景中进行了实验。该模型结合了一个时空协同注意（STCA）模块，包括三个分支：时间注意门控（TAG）用于自适应冗余帧噪声抑制，多尺度坐标注意（MSCA）用于增强对水下干扰下进食区域的注意，空间运动激励（SME）用于增强运动感知，同时减轻水下特定干扰。实验结果表明，该模型的准确率为96.88 %，F1分数为0.9598，在仅保留1.431 M参数的情况下，较基线模型和SlowFast分别提高了6.88 %和5.63 %。这些结果表明，所提出的方法在准确性和效率之间取得了良好的平衡，显示了在水产养殖智能喂养系统中部署的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Evaluation of modified inoculum media for qualitative floc production and its effect on growth, immune response, digestive physiology, and antioxidant capacity of Anabas testudineus fry reared in biofloc system at varied stocking densities 改良接种培养基对不同放养密度下绒螯虾鱼苗生长、免疫反应、消化生理和抗氧化能力的影响

IF 4.3 2区农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Aquacultural Engineering

Pub Date : 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaeng.2026.102687

Sushree Sangeeta Dey , Asanaru Majeedkutty BabithaRani , Naseemashahul Shamna , Upasana Sahoo , Gouranga Biswas

Biofloc inoculum plays a crucial role during startup period in biofloc technology (BFT). So, an indoor trial was conducted to investigate the effect of inoculum media i.e., conventional (C) and novel (N) media, on microbial floc quality and Anabas testudineus fry reared in the biofloc system at three stocking densities i.e., 150 (T1), 250 (T2), and 350 (T3) fish/m³, following 2 × 3 factorial design. The analysis of the startup period revealed that the biofloc development phase reduced from 21 days using conventional media-based inoculum to 7 days using novel inoculum. After ten culture weeks, the novel media-based biofloc embodied considerably higher (p < 0.05) nutritional content and bioactive compounds (total carotenoids, polyhydroxybutyrate, fatty acids) than the conventional one. The interactive effect of biofloc type and stocking density revealed significantly higher (p < 0.05) weight gain, specific growth rate, biomass yield, and feed utilisation efficiency of fry in NT3 treatment. The N treatments remarkably enhanced (p < 0.05) fish carcass protein and lipid contents. The improved immune response (serum protein, IgM, respiratory burst, and myeloperoxidase activity) and concurrently lower SOD, CAT, glucose, cortisol, triglyceride, and cholesterol levels in all N treatments substantiate reduced stress in fish compared to C treatments. NT3 treatment exhibited significantly increased (p < 0.05) activities of amylase, protease, lipase, AST, and ALT. Conclusively, the novel media can be utilized in BFT for curtailing long startup constraints and enhancing biofloc quality and welfare of A. testudineus fry, whose density can be recommended at 350 fish/m³ for achieving maximum yield.

生物絮团接种剂在生物絮团技术启动阶段起着至关重要的作用。因此，采用2 × 3因子设计，研究了接种培养基(即传统（C)和新型(N)培养基）对微生物絮团质量和在生物絮团系统中饲养的鱼苗在150 （T1）、250 （T2）和350 （T3）条/m3的放养密度下的影响。对启动周期的分析表明，生物絮团的发育阶段从使用传统培养基接种物的21天缩短到使用新型接种物的7天。培养10周后，新型培养基生物絮团的营养成分和生物活性化合物（类胡萝卜素、聚羟基丁酸酯、脂肪酸）明显高于传统培养基（p <； 0.05）。群落类型与放养密度的交互作用表明，NT3处理显著提高了苗种的增重、特定生长率、生物量产量和饲料利用效率（p <； 0.05）。氮处理显著提高了鱼胴体蛋白质和脂肪含量（p <； 0.05）。与C处理相比，所有N处理改善了免疫反应（血清蛋白、IgM、呼吸爆发和髓过氧化物酶活性），同时降低了SOD、CAT、葡萄糖、皮质醇、甘油三酯和胆固醇水平，证实了鱼的应激减轻。NT3处理显著提高了（p <； 0.05）淀粉酶、蛋白酶、脂肪酶、谷丙转氨酶和谷丙转氨酶的活性（p < 0.05）。综上所示，该新型培养基可用于BFT，以减少启动时间长，提高虾苗的生物群落质量和福利，虾苗密度建议为350尾/m³ ，以达到最大产量。

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引用次数: 0

Biofouling community succession and cleaning strategies for aquaculture net cages in the western Yellow Sea 黄海西部养殖网箱生物污染群落演替及净化策略

IF 4.3 2区农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Aquacultural Engineering

Pub Date : 2026-01-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaeng.2026.102690

Chun-Wei Bi , Ming-Shan Sun , Liu-Yi Huang , Xin-Xing You , Shu-Yue He

Marine biofouling threatens the sustainable development of cage mariculture by reducing water exchange, degrading water quality, and increasing health risks for cultured fish. Although summer biofouling is severe in the western Yellow Sea, research on fouling communities and control methods in this area remains limited. Here, we present the first seasonal dataset of biofouling succession for aquaculture net cages in the western Yellow Sea. Based on weekly in situ net-panel deployments from March to June at depths of 0.5, 2.5, and 4.5 m. A total of 27 taxa were identified. In March–April, Amphipoda became dominant at 0.5 and 2.5 m, a pattern linked to flow velocity. In June, Bryozoa and Hydrozoa became dominant at 4.5 m, correlating with elevated nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations. After 4 months of immersion, the average biofouling biomass reached ∼10 kg·m⁻², with net occlusion peaking at ∼ 90 %. Biofouling peaked in June, coinciding with a 50 % reduction in dissolved oxygen. Elevated nitrogen and phosphorus levels promoted Bryozoa growth, worsening water quality and amplifying environmental degradation through nutrient-fouling synergy. Based on these findings and offshore biofouling data, summer cleaning protocols are recommended: Monthly low-pressure jet cleaning during March–April, biweekly combined brush–jet cleaning from May, and weekly cleaning in June. Post-cleaning monitoring of high-risk regions (shallow inshore and deeper offshore layers) is recommended. These results provide region-specific guidance for biofouling management and support more sustainable mariculture practices in temperate coastal systems.

海洋生物污染减少了水交换，降低了水质，增加了养殖鱼类的健康风险，威胁着网箱海水养殖的可持续发展。虽然黄海西部夏季生物污染较为严重，但对该地区生物污染群落和治理方法的研究仍然有限。本文首次建立了黄海西部水产养殖网箱生物污染演替的季节性数据集。基于3月至6月在0.5、2.5和4.5 m深度的每周现场净面板部署。共鉴定出27个分类群。在3 - 4月，片足类在0.5和2.5 m处占主导地位，这种模式与流速有关。6月，苔藓虫和水螅虫在4.5 m处占优势，与氮、磷浓度升高有关。浸泡4个月后，平均生物污染生物量达到~ 10 kg·m−2，净遮蔽达到~ 90 %。生物污染在6月达到顶峰，同时溶解氧减少了50% %。氮磷水平的升高促进苔藓虫的生长，使水质恶化，并通过营养物-污染协同作用加剧环境退化。基于这些发现和海上生物污垢数据，建议夏季清洁方案：3 - 4月每月进行一次低压喷射清洁，5月每两周进行一次联合刷喷清洁，6月每周进行一次清洁。建议对高风险区域（近海浅层和近海深层）进行清洁后监测。这些结果为生物污染管理提供了特定区域的指导，并支持温带沿海系统中更可持续的海水养殖做法。

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引用次数: 0

Hydrodynamic performance and pollutant removal efficiency in a dual-channel RAS with wastewater suction pipes 带污水吸入管的双通道RAS的水动力性能和污染物去除效率

IF 4.3 2区农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Aquacultural Engineering

Pub Date : 2026-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaeng.2026.102688

Jun Zhang, Jun Guo, Yujun Zhang, Hongjin Zhang, Shouqi Cao, Qingsong Hu

To enhance the pollutant removal efficiency in the Recirculating Aquaculture System (RAS), a sewage suction pipe is typically installed in the Recirculating Aquaculture Tank (RAT), connecting the underflow port and tank wall. Its primary function is to remove particulate pollutants accumulated at the tank bottom, such as feces and uneaten feed. In this study, an octagon-shaped dual-channel RAT in actual operation was used as the research object. A multiphase flow numerical model was established based on the two-phase flow theory, and the accuracy of this model was validated through physical scale-model experiments. Key hydrodynamic parameters, including flow velocity, vorticity, and water mixing uniformity, were systematically investigated. Meanwhile, the pollutant discharge rates at the underflow port and suction pipe outlet were quantitatively analyzed to evaluate the system’s pollutant removal efficiency. The results showed that the sewage suction pipe significantly affects the rotational flow field and vortex structure inside the RAT: As the angle of the suction pipe increases, the velocity gradient near its water inlet decreases, which weakens the tendency of particulate matter to aggregate toward the RAT center and thus hinders particulate discharge. Additionally, the diameter of the suction pipe exerts a notable impact on the flow velocity in the RAT: When the pipe diameter increases, the overall flow velocity and momentum transfer efficiency in the RAT decrease, the water flow uniformity index reduces, and the particulate discharge rate presents a trend of "first increasing and then decreasing".

为了提高循环水养殖系统（RAS）的污染物去除效率，通常在循环水养殖池（RAT）内安装污水吸入管，将底流口与池壁连接起来。它的主要功能是去除积聚在罐底的颗粒污染物，如粪便和未食用的饲料。本研究以实际操作中的八角形双通道RAT为研究对象。基于两相流理论建立了多相流数值模型，并通过物理比例尺模型实验验证了该模型的准确性。系统地研究了流速、涡度和水混合均匀性等关键水动力参数。同时，定量分析了下流口和吸入管出口的污染物排放速率，评价了系统的污染物去除效率。结果表明：污水吸水管对RAT内旋转流场和涡流结构影响显著，随着吸水管角度的增大，其进水口附近的速度梯度减小，使颗粒物向RAT中心聚集的趋势减弱，从而阻碍了颗粒物的排出。吸入管直径对RAT内流速影响显著：当管径增大时，RAT内总流速和动量传递效率降低，水流均匀性指数降低，颗粒物排出率呈“先增大后减小”趋势。

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引用次数: 0

Recovery of phosphate from actual aquaculture wastewater using calcined eggshell under continuous flow condition and its phytotoxicity 连续流条件下煅烧蛋壳回收实际水产养殖废水中的磷酸盐及其植物毒性

IF 4.3 2区农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Aquacultural Engineering

Pub Date : 2026-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaeng.2026.102689

Jun Jie Lim , Sumathi Sethupathi , Sin Ying Tan , Nor Ismaliza Mohd Ismail

Oversupplying one of the non-renewable essential macronutrients, phosphorus, in the aquaculture industry has given rise to water pollution issues. Hence, recovering phosphorus from aquaculture wastewater is essential to prevent eutrophication in water bodies and to make effective use of the nutrient. Thus far, no one has reported on the utilization of calcined eggshell as an adsorbent to recover phosphate from actual aquaculture wastewater. Therefore, this study focuses on a sustainable approach in recovering phosphorus through the adsorption process using calcined eggshell (CES) as adsorbent. The effect of influent flow rate (10–50 mL) and dosage of adsorbent (0.2–1.8 g) was assessed via breakthrough curves. The breakthrough curve behaviour was determined through linear and non-linear models of Adam-Bohart, Thomas, and Yoon-Nelson model. The phytotoxicity of the spent adsorbents was assessed using the germination index. The optimized adsorption capacity was recorded as 21.2 mg/g of phosphate under a wastewater flow rate of 28 mL/min and using 1.17 g of CES. The ANOVA analysis (R² = 0.9766) proved that the experimental and predicted values significantly agree with each other. The non-linear Yoon-Nelson model was found to be the best model to demonstrate the column behaviour in this study with the significant value of the correlation coefficient. Only mild phytotoxicity effect was observed using spent CES. This study provides a sustainable solution for recovering phosphorus from aquaculture wastewater and the possible reutilization of the spent CES as a soil conditioner.

在水产养殖业中，不可再生的必需常量营养素之一磷的过量供应已引起水污染问题。因此，从养殖废水中回收磷对于防止水体富营养化和有效利用营养物至关重要。利用焙烧蛋壳作为吸附剂回收实际养殖废水中的磷酸盐，目前尚无报道。因此，本研究的重点是利用焙烧蛋壳（CES）作为吸附剂，通过吸附工艺回收磷。通过突破曲线评价进水流量（10 ~ 50 mL）和吸附剂用量（0.2 ~ 1.8 g）对吸附效果的影响。通过Adam-Bohart、Thomas和Yoon-Nelson模型的线性和非线性模型确定了突破曲线的行为。用萌发指数评价了废吸附剂的植物毒性。在废水流量为28 mL/min和使用1.17 g CES的条件下，优化后的吸附量为21.2 mg/g磷酸盐。方差分析（R2 = 0.9766）证明，实验值与预测值具有显著一致性。非线性Yoon-Nelson模型是本研究中表现柱行为的最佳模型，相关系数显著。废CES仅观察到轻微的植物毒性作用。本研究为水产养殖废水中磷的可持续回收提供了一种解决方案，并为废CES作为土壤调理剂的再利用提供了可能。

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引用次数: 0

To expand or not to expand? An LCA of the environmental sustainability of China's tunnel-greenhouse shrimp farming 膨胀还是不膨胀？中国隧道温室对虾养殖环境可持续性的LCA分析

IF 4.3 2区农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Aquacultural Engineering

Pub Date : 2026-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaeng.2026.102686

Yue Sun , Jinying Yu , Xiaohan Yang , Lei Jia , Dengpan Dong , Meng Li , Xiefa Song , Xian Li

Tunnel-Greenhouse aquaculture (TGA) system as a cost-effective aquaculture system has been widely and rapidly promoted in China, accounting for approximately 20 % of shrimp production area. However, the environmental impact potential of TGA is still unknown compared with conventional shrimp aquaculture systems. A life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology was applied to characterize the environmental performance and potential improvement opportunities related to TGA and conventional systems, and a questionnaire survey of 52 farmers was carried out in the coastal region of eastern China. SimaPro 9.5.0.0 software was utilized to create a cradle-to-farmgate LCA based on trial and survey data, and CML-IA techniques were employed to assess the environmental performance. The results indicated that each ton of fresh shrimp produced applying the TGA farming system generates around 4989.5 kg CO₂ eq., 26.16 kg SO₂ eq., and 48.46 kg PO₄ eq. It also clearly demonstrated that the primary causes of environmental effects in the TGA shrimp farming system are the power used to run the farm, the usage of fishmeal as feed production raw materials, and the discharge of farming wastewater. Meanwhile, it pointed out that improving energy efficiency and reducing the use of fishmeal in feed are fundamental ways of minimizing environmental effects. Our findings could assist governments and businesses in making better decisions and support the more sustainable development of shrimp farming in China.

隧道-温室养殖（TGA）系统作为一种经济高效的养殖系统在中国得到了广泛而迅速的推广，约占对虾养殖面积的20% %。然而，与传统对虾养殖系统相比，TGA的环境影响潜力仍然未知。采用生命周期评价（LCA）方法，对中国东部沿海地区52名农民进行问卷调查，分析了TGA和传统系统的环境绩效和潜在改善机会。采用SimaPro 9.5.0.0软件基于试验和调查数据建立了从摇篮到养殖场的LCA模型，并采用CML-IA技术对环境绩效进行评价。结果表明，采用TGA养殖系统生产的每吨鲜虾产生约4989.5 kg CO2当量、26.16 kg SO2当量和48.46 kg PO4当量。同时也清楚地表明，TGA养殖系统中环境影响的主要原因是养殖所需的电力、鱼粉作为饲料生产原料的使用以及养殖废水的排放。同时指出，提高能源效率和减少饲料中鱼粉的使用是减少对环境影响的根本途径。我们的研究结果可以帮助政府和企业做出更好的决策，并支持中国对虾养殖的可持续发展。

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引用次数: 0

APMI: A method of fish detection with Transformer and Multi-scale Inverted Convolution APMI：一种基于变压器和多尺度倒卷积的鱼类检测方法

IF 4.3 2区农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Aquacultural Engineering

Pub Date : 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaeng.2026.102685

Zibo Feng

Accurate fish detection is essential for analyzing fish behavior, regulating density, and reducing aquaculture costs. However, heavy occlusion render detection of multiple fish difficult. Furthermore, Previous models ignored the modeling of local spatial relationships and pixel-level dynamic interactions. To this end, we build two datasets and propose a tailored and novel object detection architecture for multi-fish, dubbed APMI. Specifically, we design an AggPool module characterized by a formulation of residual average pooling and AggPool attention to minimize background interference in high-density fish environments. The former aims to focus on local feature variations and reject invalid information in homogeneous regions. The latter dynamically weights each pixel to enhance the model’s ability to represent fine-grained features in occluded scenes. Subsequently, multi-scale convolution is introduced to extract key features that enable more accurate localization of occluded targets. Besides, inverted bottlenecks are developed to fully integrate long-range spatial and positional information and efficiently extract global contextual information for occluded fish. The WloU loss function is employed as the bounding box loss function to solve the sample unbalance problem caused by the gap in the number of fish populations. Extensive experiments demonstrate that APMI significantly outperforms state-of-the-art methods on our self-built datasets. APMI yields 85.64% and 84.96%

m A P @ . 50 : . 95

on the ZFD dataset and SKD dataset, respectively. The research in this paper provides an efficient and accurate fish detection solution for aquaculture management.

准确的鱼类检测对于分析鱼类行为、调节鱼类密度和降低水产养殖成本至关重要。然而，严重的遮挡使得多鱼的检测变得困难。此外，以前的模型忽略了局部空间关系和像素级动态相互作用的建模。为此，我们构建了两个数据集，并提出了一种针对多鱼的量身定制的新颖目标检测体系结构，称为APMI。具体来说，我们设计了一个AggPool模块，该模块以残差平均池化和AggPool关注为特征，以最大限度地减少高密度鱼类环境中的背景干扰。前者旨在关注局部特征变化，剔除同质区域的无效信息。后者动态加权每个像素，以增强模型在遮挡场景中表示细粒度特征的能力。随后，引入多尺度卷积提取关键特征，使被遮挡目标的定位更加准确。此外，为了充分整合被遮挡鱼类的远程空间和位置信息，有效提取全局上下文信息，还开发了反向瓶颈。采用WloU损失函数作为边界盒损失函数来解决鱼群数量间隙引起的样本不平衡问题。大量的实验表明，在我们自建的数据集上，APMI显著优于最先进的方法。APMI产率分别为85.64%和84.96% mAP@.50：。ZFD数据集和SKD数据集分别为95。本文的研究为水产养殖管理提供了高效、准确的鱼类检测解决方案。

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引用次数: 0