Aquacultural Engineering最新文献

Hydrodynamic performance and pollutant removal efficiency in a dual-channel RAS with wastewater suction pipes 带污水吸入管的双通道RAS的水动力性能和污染物去除效率

IF 4.3 2区农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Aquacultural Engineering

Pub Date : 2026-03-30 Epub Date: 2026-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaeng.2026.102688

Jun Zhang, Jun Guo, Yujun Zhang, Hongjin Zhang, Shouqi Cao, Qingsong Hu

To enhance the pollutant removal efficiency in the Recirculating Aquaculture System (RAS), a sewage suction pipe is typically installed in the Recirculating Aquaculture Tank (RAT), connecting the underflow port and tank wall. Its primary function is to remove particulate pollutants accumulated at the tank bottom, such as feces and uneaten feed. In this study, an octagon-shaped dual-channel RAT in actual operation was used as the research object. A multiphase flow numerical model was established based on the two-phase flow theory, and the accuracy of this model was validated through physical scale-model experiments. Key hydrodynamic parameters, including flow velocity, vorticity, and water mixing uniformity, were systematically investigated. Meanwhile, the pollutant discharge rates at the underflow port and suction pipe outlet were quantitatively analyzed to evaluate the system’s pollutant removal efficiency. The results showed that the sewage suction pipe significantly affects the rotational flow field and vortex structure inside the RAT: As the angle of the suction pipe increases, the velocity gradient near its water inlet decreases, which weakens the tendency of particulate matter to aggregate toward the RAT center and thus hinders particulate discharge. Additionally, the diameter of the suction pipe exerts a notable impact on the flow velocity in the RAT: When the pipe diameter increases, the overall flow velocity and momentum transfer efficiency in the RAT decrease, the water flow uniformity index reduces, and the particulate discharge rate presents a trend of "first increasing and then decreasing".

为了提高循环水养殖系统（RAS）的污染物去除效率，通常在循环水养殖池（RAT）内安装污水吸入管，将底流口与池壁连接起来。它的主要功能是去除积聚在罐底的颗粒污染物，如粪便和未食用的饲料。本研究以实际操作中的八角形双通道RAT为研究对象。基于两相流理论建立了多相流数值模型，并通过物理比例尺模型实验验证了该模型的准确性。系统地研究了流速、涡度和水混合均匀性等关键水动力参数。同时，定量分析了下流口和吸入管出口的污染物排放速率，评价了系统的污染物去除效率。结果表明：污水吸水管对RAT内旋转流场和涡流结构影响显著，随着吸水管角度的增大，其进水口附近的速度梯度减小，使颗粒物向RAT中心聚集的趋势减弱，从而阻碍了颗粒物的排出。吸入管直径对RAT内流速影响显著：当管径增大时，RAT内总流速和动量传递效率降低，水流均匀性指数降低，颗粒物排出率呈“先增大后减小”趋势。

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引用次数: 0

Modelling the effects of temperature and chlorophyll on growth and survival of the oyster Crassostrea gigas in two different cultivation systems 模拟温度和叶绿素对两种不同栽培系统下牡蛎长牡蛎生长和存活的影响

IF 4.3 2区农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Aquacultural Engineering

Pub Date : 2026-03-30 Epub Date: 2026-01-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaeng.2026.102696

D.C. Galhanas , A.M.T. Mata , M. Simões , M.M. Silva , R. Salgado

With rising global demand for oysters, optimizing aquaculture systems to maximize productivity while ensuring sustainability has become increasingly critical. This study evaluates two cultivation methods rectangular bags and cylindrical baskets, for Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas over a 12-month period in Sado estuary (Portugal). Oyster growth (using four initial weights: 5, 10, 20, and 45 g), survival rates, and water quality parameters, (pH, dissolved oxygen, salinity, temperature in situ and chlorophyll-a, phosphate and total nitrogen concentrations), were monitored. Mathematical models were developed to quantify growth dynamics under varying environmental conditions. Overall results, averaged across the four independent experiments, showed that cylindrical baskets significantly outperformed rectangular bags, exhibiting a higher growth rate (0.39 g d⁻¹) and higher survival (35 %) compared with bags (0.26 g d⁻¹ and 30 %, respectively). Temperature and chlorophyll-a concentration was identified as primary growth-limiting factors, with oyster biomass accumulation positively correlated to chlorophyll-a availability and negatively affected by low temperatures extremes (<10°C). The derived models integrate these environmental drivers, allowing accurate predictions of oyster growth under seasonal variability. Although differences in growth performance were observed between cultivation methods, both systems allowed oysters to reach full commercial size (30–60 g) within a maximum of eight months in Sado estuary. For 5 g seed oysters cultivated from July on, triploid C. gigas required approximately 7–8 months in rectangular bags and 5–6 months in cylindrical baskets to attain market size. Overall, the results highlight the superior performance of cylindrical basket systems for commercial oyster farming and demonstrate the usefulness of mathematical models as robust tools for production planning and yield optimization under variable environmental conditions.

随着全球对牡蛎需求的增加，优化水产养殖系统以最大限度地提高生产力，同时确保可持续性已变得越来越重要。本研究对葡萄牙萨多河口（Sado estuary）太平洋牡蛎长牡蛎的两种养殖方法进行了为期12个月的评估。研究人员监测了牡蛎的生长（采用4种初始体重：5、10、20和45 g）、存活率和水质参数（pH、溶解氧、盐度、原位温度和叶绿素a、磷酸盐和总氮浓度）。建立了数学模型来量化不同环境条件下的生长动态。四个独立实验的平均结果表明，圆柱形篮子明显优于矩形袋子，与袋子（分别为0.26 g d⁻¹和30 %）相比，表现出更高的增长率（0.39 g d⁻¹）和更高的存活率（35 %）。温度和叶绿素a浓度是主要的生长限制因子，牡蛎生物量积累与叶绿素a有效性正相关，并受到极端低温（10°C）的负影响。导出的模型整合了这些环境驱动因素，允许在季节变化下准确预测牡蛎的生长。尽管观察到不同的培养方法在生长性能上存在差异，但在佐渡河口，这两种系统都能使牡蛎在最多8个月内达到完全的商业尺寸（30-60 g）。对于从7月开始培育的5颗 g种子牡蛎，三倍体C. gigas在矩形袋中大约需要7-8个月，在圆柱形篮子中需要5 - 6个月才能达到市场尺寸。总体而言，结果突出了商业牡蛎养殖的圆柱篮系统的优越性能，并证明了数学模型作为可变环境条件下生产计划和产量优化的强大工具的实用性。

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引用次数: 0

Operational agricultural water management in river-based aquaculture: A machine-learning approach to predict dissolved oxygen in the Halda River, Bangladesh 基于河流的水产养殖中的操作农业用水管理：预测孟加拉国哈尔达河溶解氧的机器学习方法

IF 4.3 2区农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Aquacultural Engineering

Pub Date : 2026-03-30 Epub Date: 2026-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaeng.2026.102693

Md. Abdullah Al Mamun Hridoy , Paolo Pastorino , Chiara Bordin , Matteo Bodini , Nayan Dhar , Petra Schneider , Leonardo Goliatt , Pakorn Ditthakit , Bruno da Silva Macêdo , Khairul Nizam Abdul Maulud

Dissolved Oxygen (DO) represents a key operational constraint for river-dependent aquaculture, and short-term DO forecasting can support practical agricultural water management in systems that directly abstract river water. Relying on daily physicochemical observations from the Halda River, Bangladesh (April 2024–March 2025), four Machine Learning (ML) models were evaluated for DO prediction, i.e. Linear Regression, Artificial Neural Network, Support Vector Machine, and Random Forest. Among the latter ML models, Random Forest achieved the highest predictive performance (R² = 0.9015, RMSE = 0.0833, and MAE = 0.0574), substantially outperforming the considered baseline Linear Regression model (R² = 0.4469, RMSE = 0.1892, and MAE = 0.1478). DO was generally stable (about 6.3–7.0 mg/L) while ionic variables, e.g., chloride, conductivity, and Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), showed pronounced dry-season peaks, thus indicating conditions where oxygen stress can become more likely and less predictable. Explainable ML interpretation developed on feature importance and SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) consistently identified water temperature and ionic concentration proxies, especially chloride, alongside conductivity, and TDS, as the dominant drivers of DO variability. Relying on the latter findings, an operational decision-support workflow is proposed in which forecasts based on the Random Forest ML model are paired with low-cost monitoring of temperature and chloride to trigger time-graded farm actions, such as targeted aeration, temporary intake closure, and stocking/feeding adjustments. The reported results in the developed study demonstrate a transferable pathway for moving from accurate and interpretable ML forecasts to actionable agricultural water management protocols that reduce risk of critical losses in river-based aquaculture.

溶解氧（DO）是依赖河流的水产养殖的关键操作约束，短期DO预测可以支持直接抽取河水的系统中的实际农业用水管理。根据孟加拉国Halda河（2024年4月至2025年3月）的日常物理化学观测，对线性回归、人工神经网络、支持向量机和随机森林四种机器学习（ML）模型进行了DO预测评估。在后一种ML模型中，Random Forest的预测性能最高（R²= 0.9015,RMSE = 0.0833, MAE = 0.0574），大大优于考虑的基线线性回归模型（R²= 0.4469,RMSE = 0.1892, MAE = 0.1478）。DO总体上是稳定的（约6.3-7.0 mg/L），而离子变量，如氯化物、电导率和总溶解固体（TDS），显示出明显的旱季峰值，从而表明条件下，氧应激可能变得更可能和更不可预测。可解释的ML解释是基于特征的重要性发展起来的，SHapley加性解释（SHAP）一致认为水温和离子浓度，特别是氯离子，以及电导率和TDS是溶解氧变化的主要驱动因素。根据后一项研究结果，提出了一种操作决策支持工作流，其中基于随机森林ML模型的预测与低成本的温度和氯化物监测相结合，以触发时间分级的农场行动，如有针对性的曝气，临时关闭进水口，以及放养/饲养调整。在已开发的研究中报告的结果表明，从准确和可解释的ML预测到可操作的农业水管理协议的可转移途径，可以减少河流水产养殖中重大损失的风险。

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引用次数: 0

Integrating multi-clusters classification with temporal structure of pulse improves feed consumption prediction across Penaeus vannamei size groups 将多聚类分类与脉冲时间结构相结合，提高了对凡纳滨对虾大小群体的采食量预测

IF 4.3 2区农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Aquacultural Engineering

Pub Date : 2026-03-30 Epub Date: 2026-01-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaeng.2026.102697

Boshan Zhu , Yesen Li , Xiaoye Han , Dapeng Liu , Fang Wang , Chao Yang

Passive acoustic monitoring (PAM) is increasingly used in precision feeding systems for Pacific white shrimp (Penaeus vannamei). However, predictive accuracy is constrained because feeding behavior is not the sole source of acoustic pulses. Here, we combine a Gaussian mixture hidden Markov model (GMM–HMM) with recurrence quantification analysis (RQA) to characterize feeding-related pulse features and temporal structure across four size classes (1, 3, 7, and 12 g). Nine acoustically distinct pulse clusters were classified, and an optimal multi-cluster metric was constructed for each size. Across sizes, the multi-cluster metric outperformed both single-cluster and total pulse counts, reducing prediction error and increasing interpretability. Predictive error decreased by 14.4 %, 14.3 %, and 24.6 % in the 1 g, 3 g, and 7 g groups, respectively. In the 12 g size group, total pulses were not significantly related to feed consumption, whereas the optimal multi-cluster metric remained predictive, and the error was reduced by 6.5 %. With the growth of shrimp, pulse signals shifted from more singular and stable to more diverse and diffuse, weakening the pulse–consumption associations. Nonetheless, high-frequency, and short-duration clusters exhibited a consistent positive association with feed consumption across all size classes and should be prioritized as robust indicators of true feeding behavior in culture monitoring. RQA further showed clear, stable feeding and post-feeding phases in smaller shrimp, which supports regularized feeding. Larger shrimp, however, displayed sparse, irregular sequences with blurred phase transitions, indicating a need for higher feeding frequency and an extended feeding stage. In summary, this study is the first to delineate the characteristics of different pulse clusters and the temporal structure of pulses across size classes in P. vannamei, improving PAM interpretability and feed consumption monitoring accuracy, and providing a scientific basis for optimizing the size-specific feeding strategies and advancing precision feeding technology.

被动声监测（PAM）在南美白对虾（Penaeus vannamei）精密饲养系统中的应用越来越广泛。然而，由于进食行为不是声脉冲的唯一来源，预测精度受到限制。在这里，我们将高斯混合隐马尔可夫模型（GMM-HMM）与递归量化分析（RQA）相结合，以表征四种尺寸类别（1,3,7和12 g）的馈电相关脉冲特征和时间结构。对9个声学上不同的脉冲簇进行了分类，并为每个大小构建了最优的多簇度量。在大小上，多簇度量优于单簇和总脉冲计数，减少了预测误差并提高了可解释性。1 g、3 g和7 g组的预测误差分别降低了14.4 %、14.3 %和24.6 %。在12 g组中，总脉冲与饲料消耗量没有显著相关性，而最佳多聚类指标仍然具有预测性，误差降低了6.5 %。随着对虾的生长，脉冲信号从单一、稳定向多样化、弥漫性转变，脉冲消费关联减弱。尽管如此，高频和短持续时间群集与所有大小类别的饲料消耗表现出一致的正相关，应优先作为培养物监测中真实摄食行为的可靠指标。RQA进一步显示了小虾清晰、稳定的摄食和摄食后阶段，这支持了规律摄食。而较大的虾则表现出稀疏、不规则的序列和模糊的相变，表明需要更高的摄食频率和延长的摄食阶段。综上所述，本研究首次揭示了瓦纳梅不同尺寸类脉冲簇的特征和脉冲的时间结构，提高了PAM的可解释性和饲料消耗监测精度，为优化特定尺寸的取食策略和推进精密取食技术提供了科学依据。

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引用次数: 0

Analysis of drag force, deformation and stress distribution of biofouled flexible nets 生物燃料柔性网的阻力、变形和应力分布分析

IF 4.3 2区农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Aquacultural Engineering

Pub Date : 2026-03-30 Epub Date: 2026-01-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaeng.2026.102698

Songchen Yu , Ning Wang , Hongde Qin , Peng Li

This research integrates laboratory experiments and numerical simulations to examine hydrodynamic behavior and structural responses of clean and biofouled flexible nylon nets under varying current velocities and attack angles. Experiments were conducted in a recirculating water channel, while fluid-structure interaction simulations coupled a large-deformation nonlinear structural model with large-eddy simulation. Results indicate that biofouling elevates drag forces by 35.5–41.4 % across tested velocities ranging from 0.3 m/s to 0.8 m/s. In addition, biofouling fundamentally alters deformation and stress patterns, increasing peak equivalent stresses and intensifying local stress concentrations at knots and attachment points. It follows that the stress distribution becomes more heterogeneous, thus increasing the risk of twine failure. Furthermore, net solidity, aperture size and twine diameter critically influence hydrodynamic loading and have been analyzed and assesed.

本研究将实验室实验和数值模拟相结合，研究清洁和生物污染柔性尼龙网在不同流速和攻角下的水动力行为和结构响应。实验在循环水通道中进行，流固耦合模拟将大变形非线性结构模型与大涡模拟相结合。结果表明，在0.3 m/s到0.8 m/s的测试速度范围内，生物污垢使阻力增加了35.5-41.4 %。此外，生物污垢从根本上改变了变形和应力模式，增加了峰值等效应力，并加剧了结和附着点的局部应力集中。因此，应力分布变得更加不均匀，从而增加了麻绳断裂的风险。此外，净固体度、孔径大小和线径对水动力载荷有重要影响，并进行了分析和评估。

引用次数: 0

Pixel-level quantification of biofouling taxa associated with salmon aquaculture infrastructure using deep learning 利用深度学习对与鲑鱼养殖基础设施相关的生物污染类群进行像素级量化

IF 4.3 2区农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Aquacultural Engineering

Pub Date : 2026-03-30 Epub Date: 2025-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaeng.2025.102682

R. Cappaert , W. Yang , D.J. Ross , C. Johnston , C. MacLeod , C.A. White

Biofouling communities readily develop on infrastructure used in marine-based salmon. Knowing the composition of biofouling assemblages at specific locations provides valuable information to aid decision-making on what management practices should be prioritized. Analyzing large quantities of in situ footage of nets or processing taxonomic samples is time-consuming and a practical bottleneck for industry. This work developed deep learning methodologies to automatically segment batches of in situ images and visualize the relative abundance of important biofoulers, with the objective of providing industry with rapid-assessment tools to quantify the structure of in situ biofouling communities. The main tool developed in this paper, an Ensemble Soft Voting System that segments twelve biofouling classes along with water and unfouled netting, obtained a global accuracy of 86.7 % and a mean accuracy of 67.7 % across the test dataset. Consistent misclassification of stalked Pyura species as unstalked solitary ascidians and clumps of bryozoans as sponges led to discrepancy between global and mean accuracy. The “matrix” class considered by the Ensemble Soft Voting System was then further divided into two subclasses that pose different risks to farmed salmon depending on the abundance of hydrozoan taxa, using a single Convolutional Neural Network with a global accuracy of 81.8 % and a mean accuracy of 84.1 % across the test dataset. These tools provide industry with accurate, rapid data on the relative abundance of biofouling taxa relevant for fish health outcomes and allow industry to make operational decisions in near real-time with minimal manual input and disruption to operations.

生物污染社区很容易在用于海洋鲑鱼的基础设施上发展。了解特定地点的生物污染组合的组成，可以提供有价值的信息，帮助制定应优先考虑哪些管理实践的决策。分析大量的现场渔网片段或处理分类样本是耗时的，也是工业的实际瓶颈。这项工作开发了深度学习方法来自动分割批量的原位图像，并可视化重要生物污垢的相对丰度，目的是为行业提供快速评估工具来量化原位生物污垢群落的结构。本文开发的主要工具是一个集成软投票系统，它将12个生物污垢类别以及水和未受污染的网分开，在整个测试数据集中获得了86.7 %的全局精度和67.7 %的平均精度。一直以来，将有茎的Pyura物种误分类为无茎的孤立海鞘动物，将块状苔藓虫误分类为海绵动物，导致全球精度与平均精度的差异。然后，集成软投票系统考虑的“矩阵”类进一步分为两个子类，根据水生动物类群的丰度对养殖鲑鱼构成不同的风险，使用单个卷积神经网络，在整个测试数据集中具有81.8 %的全局精度和84.1 %的平均精度。这些工具为行业提供了与鱼类健康结果相关的生物污染分类群相对丰度的准确、快速数据，并允许行业在几乎实时的情况下做出操作决策，减少人工输入和作业中断。

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引用次数: 0

Design and performance verification of crab seedling automatic counting equipment based on improved YOLOv11+DeepSORT 基于改进型YOLOv11+DeepSORT的蟹苗自动计数设备设计及性能验证

IF 4.3 2区农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Aquacultural Engineering

Pub Date : 2026-03-30 Epub Date: 2025-12-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaeng.2025.102680

Changfeng Tian , Xuan Che , Lei Ge , Zhi Qu , Mengxia Han

In the current crab seedling aquaculture industry, the traditional weighing method for counting suffers from large errors and fails to meet the requirements of precise aquaculture density regulation. To address this issue, this study designed an equipment system comprising a segmented buffer slideway, an industrial camera, an image processor, and an LED diffused light source. Meanwhile, a crab seedling detection, recognition, and dynamic tracking algorithm based on improved YOLOv11 combined with DeepSORT was proposed to realize automated counting of crab seedlings. The results showed that the improved YOLOv11 model outperformed the original YOLOv11: its precision (P) increased by 1.0 %, recall (R) increased by 0.3 %, mAP50 reached 98.8 %, and mAP50–95 increased by 1.5 %. Additionally, the preprocessing time decreased from 3.1 to 2.6 ms, and the FLOPs increased from 3.1 to 3.2. The improved model also avoided the ID switch and missed detection issues of the original model. By quantifying the differences between target boxes and introducing a distance measurement factor, the problem of ID update after complete occlusion of crab seedlings in frame 78 was solved, ensuring stable IDs when occluded crab seedlings were re-detected. Furthermore, to verify the feasibility of the equipment, crab seedlings of three specifications were used for experiments. The results indicated that the average counting precision (ACP) of the equipment was 19.3, 16.6, and 12.3 % higher than that of the traditional weighing method for the three specifications, respectively, with a counting error rate≤ 1 %. The equipment could also distinguish active individuals from residual limbs and impurities. In terms of protection, the cumulative damage rate of the equipment was 10, 5, and 3 % lower than that of the weighing method for the three specifications, respectively, and the damage rate of crab seedlings with a specification of 10–15 g and above was reduced to 0. This equipment breaks the dependence of the weighing method on the uniformity of individuals, can meet the needs of precise counting in scenarios such as crab seedling density monitoring and transaction settlement, and provides equipment support for the intelligent management of the crab seedling industry.

在目前的蟹苗养殖行业中，传统的称重计数方法误差较大，不能满足精准养殖密度调节的要求。为了解决这个问题，本研究设计了一个由分段缓冲滑道、工业相机、图像处理器和LED漫射光源组成的设备系统。同时，提出了一种基于改进的YOLOv11结合DeepSORT的蟹苗检测、识别和动态跟踪算法，实现蟹苗自动计数。结果表明，改进后的YOLOv11模型优于原YOLOv11模型，其精度(P)提高了1.0 %，召回率(R)提高了0.3 %，mAP50达到98.8 %，mAP50 - 95提高了1.5 %。预处理时间从3.1 ms减少到2.6 ms， FLOPs从3.1 ms增加到3.2 ms。改进后的模型还避免了原模型的ID切换和漏检问题。通过量化目标框间的差异，引入距离测量因子，解决了第78帧蟹苗完全遮挡后的ID更新问题，保证了被遮挡蟹苗重新检测时ID稳定。此外，为了验证该设备的可行性，采用三种规格的蟹苗进行了实验。结果表明，该设备的平均计数精度（ACP）比传统称重法分别提高19.3%、16.6%和12.3 %，计数错误率≤ 1 %。该设备还可以从残肢和杂质中区分出活跃的个体。在保护方面，该设备的累计损失率比三种规格的称重法分别降低了10、5、3 %，10 - 15 g及以上规格的蟹苗损失率降至0。该设备打破了称量方法对个体均一性的依赖，能够满足蟹苗密度监测、交易结算等场景的精准计数需求，为蟹苗产业的智能化管理提供设备支持。

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引用次数: 0

Technological approaches to enhance water efficiency in aquaculture: Aiming towards sustainable intensification 提高水产养殖用水效率的技术方法：旨在实现可持续集约化

IF 4.3 2区农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Aquacultural Engineering

Pub Date : 2026-03-30 Epub Date: 2025-12-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaeng.2025.102679

Danielle de Bem Luiz , Hellen de Almeida Kato , Mariana Schneider , Viviane Rodrigues Verdolin dos Santos , Regina de Fátima Peralta Muniz Moreira

Sustainable aquaculture requires innovative water management systems that balance environmental conservation with product quality. This review explores advanced technologies such as photocatalysis, ozonation, integrated multitrophic aquaculture, and probiotics as strategies to diminish nutrient discharge, reduce off-flavor accumulation, and improve fish health. In addition to enhancing production efficiency, these solutions facilitate climate adaptability, decrease freshwater use, and promote circular economy strategies within aquatic food systems. The combination of these technologies may enhance water reuse, reduce organic contaminants such as antibiotics and geosmin, and optimize system resilience to climatic stressors. Nonetheless, numerous of these methodologies face limitations related to costs, scalability, and relevance in resource-limited environments. Although promising results, additional investigation is required to overcome these obstacles and enhance these systems for extensive deployment, guaranteeing likelihood of economic feasibility and long-term ecological equilibrium.

可持续水产养殖需要创新的水管理系统，以平衡环境保护与产品质量。本文综述了光催化、臭氧化、综合多营养养殖和益生菌等先进技术在减少营养物质排放、减少异味积累和改善鱼类健康方面的应用。除了提高生产效率外，这些解决方案还促进了气候适应性，减少了淡水的使用，并促进了水生粮食系统内的循环经济战略。这些技术的结合可以提高水的回用，减少抗生素和土臭素等有机污染物，并优化系统对气候压力的适应能力。尽管如此，这些方法中的许多都面临着与成本、可伸缩性和资源有限环境中的相关性相关的限制。虽然结果很有希望，但需要进一步的研究来克服这些障碍，并加强这些系统的广泛部署，保证经济可行性和长期生态平衡的可能性。

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引用次数: 0

Pilot outdoor cultivation of a marine haptophyte Tisochrysis lutea using a novel floating photobioreactor driven by electric rotary motor 利用电动旋转马达驱动的新型浮式光生物反应器对海洋褐藻进行户外培养试验

IF 4.3 2区农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Aquacultural Engineering

Pub Date : 2026-03-30 Epub Date: 2025-12-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaeng.2025.102666

Masashi Fujii , Yoshiki Takayama , Chiaki Tomatsu , Kashu Sano , Hidemi Kishinami , Minamo Hirahara , Abd Wahab Farahin , Razif Harun , Fatimah Md. Yusoff , Fadhil Syukri , Ken Furuya , Tatsuki Toda

Floating photobioreactors have recently attracted attention to utilize water surface areas such as estuaries, oceans, lakes, aquaculture ponds for microalgae biomass production. Outdoor cultivations of Tisochrysis lutea with a novel floating oscillation photobioreactor, named CRADLE, were conducted in triplicates under tropical climatic setting in Malaysia. The batch cultivations were performed in September 2022, November 2023, and March 2023. Biomass and fucoxanthin were analyzed using culture aliquot sampled every morning. The maximum dry weights of T. lutea were 0.99 ± 0.11–1.1 ± 0.0 g L⁻¹ under continuous mixing in November 2022 and March 2023. The dry weight and fucoxanthin yield under continuous mixing were significantly higher than that achieved under intermittent mixing (p < 0.05). Additionally, the November 2022 and March 2023 experiments showed higher maximum dry weight than that in September 2022 due to the supplementation of 0.01 M NaHCO₃. Considering the energy cost of mixing, the CRADLE demonstrated a 65.9–71.1 % reduction in mixing energy compared with aerated cultivation with bubble column photobioreactor and obtained fucoxanthin productivity per unit of mixing energy within the range of 1.2 ± 0.08–3.6 ± 0.48 mg kWh⁻¹ under continuous oscillation mixing. Overall, these results contribute to the understanding of how oscillation mixing affects microalgae production and fucoxanthin accumulation. The CRADLE, which uses the electric rotary motor for culture mixing, reduced mixing cost and did not require temperature control, thereby demonstrating its potential for energy-saving microalgal cultivation.

浮式光生物反应器利用河口、海洋、湖泊、水产养殖池塘等水面区域生产微藻生物量，近年来受到广泛关注。在马来西亚的热带气候环境下，用一种名为CRADLE的新型浮动振荡光生物反应器进行了三次室外栽培。批量培养分别于2022年9月、2023年11月和2023年3月进行。生物量和岩藻黄素每天早晨取样进行分析。2022年11月和2023年3月连续搅拌条件下，黄茶最大干重为0.99 ± 0.11-1.1 ± 0.0 g L−1。连续混合条件下的干重和岩藻黄素产量显著高于间歇混合条件（p <； 0.05）。此外，由于添加0.01 M NaHCO3, 2022年11月和2023年3月试验的最大干重高于2022年9月。考虑到混合的能量成本，与气泡柱光生物反应器的曝气培养相比，CRADLE的混合能量降低了65.9-71.1 %，在连续振荡混合下，单位混合能量的岩藻黄素产量在1.2 ± 0.08-3.6 ± 0.48 mg kWh−1范围内。总的来说，这些结果有助于理解振荡混合如何影响微藻的生产和岩藻黄素的积累。CRADLE采用电动旋转马达进行培养混合，降低了混合成本，不需要控制温度，从而显示了其节能微藻培养的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Performance characterization of a diffused aeration basin for carbon dioxide removal in RAS RAS扩散曝气池去除二氧化碳的性能表征

IF 4.3 2区农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Aquacultural Engineering

Pub Date : 2026-03-30 Epub Date: 2025-12-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaeng.2025.102678

Laura Bailey , Brian Vinci

Fish produce dissolved carbon dioxide (CO₂) as a normal outcome of aerobic metabolism and transfer this gas through their gills into the surrounding water. Dissolved carbon dioxide control unit processes are necessary to maintain safe levels of CO₂ in the culture tanks of recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) with high stocking densities. The project's goal was to evaluate the removal of CO₂ using low-head technology and to identify design criteria for optimizing such technologies. The study examined an aeration basin that used diffused air as the stripping gas in a shallow water column. Diffused aeration basins are often used in current RAS designs after a moving bed biofilter. This research evaluated hydraulic loading rates (204, 306, 407, 611, 815, and 1182 L min⁻¹ m⁻² (5, 7.5, 10, 15, 20, and 29 gal min⁻¹ ft⁻²)), three influent CO₂ levels (10, 15, and 25 mg L⁻¹), two diffused airflow rates (G:L ratio of 2 and 5), and two basin depths (0.97 and 0.48 m (38 and 19 in)) to assess CO₂ removal efficiencies in a research-scale aeration basin. Results showed that aeration basins designed with hydraulic loadings of 407–815 L min⁻¹ m⁻² (10–20 gal min⁻¹ ft⁻²) and a G:L ratio of 5 achieved 50–60 % CO₂ removal but decreased to 30–35 % as hydraulic loading reached 1182 L min⁻¹ m⁻² (29 gal min⁻¹ ft⁻²). Basins with hydraulic loadings of 407–815 L min⁻¹ m⁻² (10–20 gal min⁻¹ ft⁻²) and a G:L ratio of 2 achieved 40–50 % CO₂ removal, but removals fell to 20–30 % at a hydraulic loading of 1182 L min⁻¹ m⁻² (29 gal min⁻¹ ft⁻²). These removal efficiencies suggest that aeration basins can be designed to control CO₂ over the typical range of concentrations found in RAS.

鱼类产生溶解的二氧化碳（CO2）是有氧代谢的正常结果，并通过鳃将这种气体转移到周围的水中。溶解二氧化碳控制单元过程对于维持高放养密度循环型水产养殖系统（RAS）培养池中CO2的安全水平是必要的。该项目的目标是评估使用低水头技术去除二氧化碳的情况，并确定优化此类技术的设计标准。该研究考察了在浅水柱中使用扩散空气作为溶出气体的曝气池。在目前的RAS设计中，在移动床生物滤池之后经常使用扩散曝气池。这项研究评估了水力载荷率(204、306、407、611、815和1182 L 分钟毒血症（5、7.5、10、15、20和29 加仑 分钟毒血症（⁻²））、三种流入的二氧化碳水平（10、15和25 毫克 L毒血症）、两种扩散气流率（G:L比为2和5）和两种池深（0.97和0.48 米（38和19英寸）），以评估研究规模的充气池中二氧化碳的去除效率。结果表明,曝气盆地设计液压载荷407 - 815 L  分钟⁻¹ m⁻²(10 - 20 加 分钟⁻¹英尺⁻²)和G: L 5的比例达到50 - 60 %二氧化碳去除但下降到- %作为液压加载达到1182 L 分钟⁻¹ m⁻²(29 加 分钟⁻¹英尺⁻²)。盆地水力载荷为407 - 815 L  分钟⁻¹ m⁻²(10 - 20 加 分钟⁻¹英尺⁻²)和G: L 2的比例达到40 - 50 %二氧化碳去除,但删除跌至20 - 30 %的液压加载1182 L 分钟⁻¹ m⁻²(29 加 分钟⁻¹英尺⁻²)。这些去除效率表明，可以设计曝气池来控制在RAS中发现的典型浓度范围内的二氧化碳。

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