Apmis最新文献

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is linked to liver dysfunction and gut dysbiosis, and probiotics, especially Lactobacillus strains, are considered potential biotherapeutics for improving metabolic health. In this study, 15 lactic acid bacteria were isolated from traditional dairy products in Northwestern Iran and assessed for probiotic properties, including acid and bile tolerance, aggregation, hydrophobicity, antibacterial activity, and safety. Strain ad1 exhibited high acid (71.13% ± 0.62% at pH 2.5, 3 h) and bile tolerance (74.31% ± 0.65% at 0.3% oxgall, 4 h), strong autoaggregation (69.61%), and broad antibacterial activity, notably against Staphylococcus aureus (21.4 mm inhibition zone). Additionally, it was non-hemolytic and sensitive to all eight tested antibiotics. To evaluate its antidiabetic potential, ad1 was administered to streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats for 4 weeks. Results showed significant reductions in ALT (60.6 ± 1.3 to 45.5 ± 0.8 U/L), AST (93.5 ± 1.0 to 60.1 ± 1.2 U/L), ALP (264.1 ± 34.2 to 191.3 ± 28.2 U/L), and blood glucose (311.9 ± 37.2 to 153.1 ± 36.9 mg/dL, p < 0.05). Histopathological analysis confirmed reduced hepatic damage and steatosis. In conclusion, Lacticaseibacillus casei strain ad1 shows strong probiotic potential, along with hepatoprotective and antihyperglycemic effects, making it a promising candidate for T2DM management.

Fly ash concrete (FAC) biodeterioration caused by fungal biofilm is a major problem for the building sector. Both biodeterioration of FACs and the effectiveness of nanosilica coating for its prevention were assessed in laboratory conditions. According to preliminary tests, Aspergillus tamarii caused higher biodeterioration on FAC than Aspergillus niger. In subsequent tests, FAC cubes (10 cm × 10 cm × 10 cm) were utilised to create three setups: control (Set-C), biodeterioration infected with A. tamarii (Set-B), and preventive set (Set-P), which contained the growth of both A. tamarii on nanocoated cubes. After 6 months, the Set-B cubes had obvious fungal colonisation and surface damage, while the Set-P cubes exhibited less degradation. The Set-P cubes showed less calcium ion leaching and improved compressive strength than the Set-B. The concrete in Set-B lost 17.42% of its compressive strength, compared to 7.34% in Set-P. The biodeterioration caused by A. tamarii is successfully prevented by the silicon oxide nanocoating. The calcium leaching from the FAC as a result of carboxylic acids generated by the studied fungus was confirmed by the FTIR and EDXRF observation. This work reveals the mechanisms and potentiality of nano-silica coatings on concrete to control fungal biofilm growth.

Ultrasonic examinations showed significant limitations in the early detection and prognostic prediction of sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction (SIMD), needing assisting biomarkers. The diagnostic and prognostic potential of miR-324-3p in SIMD was evaluated in this study, aiming to explore a novel biomarker. The functional role of miR-324-3p in regulating myocardial cell injury was assessed in H9c2 cells. The study enrolled 210 sepsis patients, including 98 patients diagnosed with SIMD. The significance of miR-324-3p in SIMD risk prediction, screening, and prognosis prediction was evaluated. Moreover, ultrasonic parameters, involving LVEF, LVDd, LAD, and FS, were compared between sepsis and SIMD patients, and the diagnostic and prognostic values of these parameters were also assessed. Silencing miR-324-3p exerted significantly protective effects on myocardial cell injury. Increasing serum miR-324-3p was observed in SIMD patients and was positively correlated with Dallas grades. LVEF, LVDd, LAD, and FS also showed significance in discriminating SIMD patients, but a single parameter cannot possess both satisfactory sensitivity and specificity. Serum miR-324-3p could help improve the diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of ultrasonic parameters in screening SIMD, and miR-324-3p was also identified as an independent risk factor for the adverse prognosis of SIMD patients.

Ischemic stroke (IS), a life-threatening disease, carries a high risk of disability and death. Reverse transcription quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was utilized to measure the PART1 and miR-638 expression in patients with IS and oxygen–glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) model. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. Cell viability was assessed using the cell counting kit-8 assay. Apoptotic cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. To explore the interaction between PART1 and miR-638, luciferase reporter and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays were carried out. In patients with IS and OGD/R-treated cells, PART1 exhibited upregulation, whereas miR-638 showed downregulation; there was a negative correlation between these two molecules. Knockdown of PART1 increased cell viability, decreased apoptosis, lowered MDA, LDH, IL-6 and TNF-α levels, and increased SOD activity. PART1 negatively regulated miR-638 expression, and inhibition of miR-638 reduced the protective effect of the knockdown of PART1 on OGD/R-treated cells. This study demonstrated that knockdown of PART1 inhibits IS-induced neurological injury by regulating miR-638 expression, which promotes the understanding of IS disease and provides new options for the treatment of the disease.

Osteoporotic fractures (OPF) impose a significant socioeconomic burden. Therefore, identifying reliable molecular biomarkers for early prediction and precise treatment of OPF is crucial. This study investigated the role of miR-143-3p in OPF. We analyzed serum from 188 OPF and 110 osteoporotic (OP) patients. qRT-PCR and ROC analyses showed that miR-143-3p was significantly downregulated in OPF versus OP controls (AUC = 0.893). More importantly, its expression level was markedly higher in patients with normal healing compared to delayed healing, positioning it primarily as a prognostic biomarker for healing outcomes rather than a diagnostic tool for fracture identification. Functionally, miR-143-3p inhibited apoptosis, promoted proliferation, and upregulated osteogenic markers (OCN, OPN, RUNX2). Mechanistically, it directly targeted and negatively regulated VASH1, as confirmed by luciferase assays and rescue experiments. In conclusion, miR-143-3p may serve as a promising prognostic biomarker for predicting fracture healing outcomes, potentially by targeting VASH1.

CYLD Cutaneous syndrome (CCS) is a rare autosomal dominantly inherited disease associated with multiple nodular adnexal skin tumors, most commonly trichoepitheliomas and cylindromas. There is no evidence-based treatment for this disease. This study aimed to present the histological response and to investigate whether molecular and immunohistochemical analyses (exome sequencing) may provide insight into the rapid disease development and lack of response to treatment with Vismodegib. A patient treated with the Hedgehog Pathway Inhibitor Vismodegib. The CYLD (c.1437_1438del, p.Pro480PhefsTer16) frameshift deletion was identified in the family of our patient. In addition, our patient also lost the unaffected allele and was consequently homozygous for the deletion. Treatment with Vimodegib was unfortunately not effective. Furthermore, we observed no possible biomarkers of progression and/or treatment response. Hopefully, further studies will contribute to the genetic understanding of BSS and identify patients at high risk of developing severe disease, thereby supporting the stratification of patients who will benefit from early surgical treatment or treatment with Vismodegib.