As the church and its members and its functionaries continues with its mission work, it must do that with the self-understanding of what the church is and its nature as a missional church, which has pastoral responsibilities, among its many dimensions. The mission is not that of the church, its members and functionaries but it is the Mission of God, the author of mission, who has mandated the church to be missional. As the church lives out its God-given mandate, the church does that in specific contexts, and in the case of this article, it is the context of the Covid-19 pandemic and poverty and associated suffering, using Zandspruit informal settlement as a case study.
{"title":"MISSIO-DEI IN THE CONTEXT OF COVID-19 AND POVERTY: TOWARDS A MISSIONAL-PASTORAL APPROACH USING THE INFORMAL SETTLEMENT OF ZANDSPRUIT AS A CASE STUDY","authors":"O. Buffel","doi":"10.7832/49-0-369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7832/49-0-369","url":null,"abstract":"As the church and its members and its functionaries continues with its mission work, it must do that with the self-understanding of what the church is and its nature as a missional church, which has pastoral responsibilities, among its many dimensions. The mission is not that of the church, its members and functionaries but it is the Mission of God, the author of mission, who has mandated the church to be missional. As the church lives out its God-given mandate, the church does that in specific contexts, and in the case of this article, it is the context of the Covid-19 pandemic and poverty and associated suffering, using Zandspruit informal settlement as a case study.","PeriodicalId":82022,"journal":{"name":"Missionalia hispanica","volume":"84 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80891173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article discusses the findings of an empirical study that investigated the attitudes of different sections of the membership of the Seventh-day Adventist (SDA) Church to the socio-economic and political struggles in Nigeria. The study sought to explore how this denomination’s theology and missional orientation have limited its role in the holistic development of Nigerians. The article argues that proclamation of the SDA Church’s unique message and its involvement in transformational development should not be mutually exclusive. There were three major findings of the empirical research. First, although SDA members, clergy and church leadership thought the church had a role to play in national development, there was a level of inhibition in their minds and actions. Second, SDA members, clergy and leadership upheld that involvement in national development should ultimately be for evangelisation purposes. Third, Nigerians who were not members of the SDA Church felt the SDA Church had not made any really significant impact on Nigerian society. Based on these findings, the article concludes by upholding the paradigm of transformational development as theological vision for the SDA Church becoming an actor of holistic development in Nigerian society.
{"title":"The Seventh-day Adventist Church and the quest for transformational development in contemporary Nigeria: Perspectives from an empirical study","authors":"I. Swart, Olugbenga Adetokunbo Efuntade","doi":"10.7832/49-0-429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7832/49-0-429","url":null,"abstract":"This article discusses the findings of an empirical study that investigated the attitudes of different sections of the membership of the Seventh-day Adventist (SDA) Church to the socio-economic and political struggles in Nigeria. The study sought to explore how this denomination’s theology and missional orientation have limited its role in the holistic development of Nigerians. The article argues that proclamation of the SDA Church’s unique message and its involvement in transformational development should not be mutually exclusive. There were three major findings of the empirical research. First, although SDA members, clergy and church leadership thought the church had a role to play in national development, there was a level of inhibition in their minds and actions. Second, SDA members, clergy and leadership upheld that involvement in national development should ultimately be for evangelisation purposes. Third, Nigerians who were not members of the SDA Church felt the SDA Church had not made any really significant impact on Nigerian society. Based on these findings, the article concludes by upholding the paradigm of transformational development as theological vision for the SDA Church becoming an actor of holistic development in Nigerian society.","PeriodicalId":82022,"journal":{"name":"Missionalia hispanica","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74377017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aspirational terms such as world-class, resilient, climate-friendly and a just city stand in contrast to adverse terms such unequal, divided, colonial, violent and segregated to describe the present and future state of the City of Cape Town. How do institutions offering tertiary qualifications in theology engage with the competing narratives of the city in the preparation of faith-based practitioners? The aim of this article is to explore the current landscape of theological education, offered in higher education institutions in Cape Town, in terms of an urban focus. The article will reflect how curricula, pedagogies and epistemologies engage the complexities of the urban context. The connection between theological education and ministry formation of faith-based practitioners will be explored in light of Cape Town’s urban futures.
{"title":"“Just City-making” in Cape Town: Liberating Theological Education","authors":"Selena D. Headley","doi":"10.7832/49-0-358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7832/49-0-358","url":null,"abstract":"Aspirational terms such as world-class, resilient, climate-friendly and a just city stand in contrast to adverse terms such unequal, divided, colonial, violent and segregated to describe the present and future state of the City of Cape Town. How do institutions offering tertiary qualifications in theology engage with the competing narratives of the city in the preparation of faith-based practitioners? The aim of this article is to explore the current landscape of theological education, offered in higher education institutions in Cape Town, in terms of an urban focus. The article will reflect how curricula, pedagogies and epistemologies engage the complexities of the urban context. The connection between theological education and ministry formation of faith-based practitioners will be explored in light of Cape Town’s urban futures.","PeriodicalId":82022,"journal":{"name":"Missionalia hispanica","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76122967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Postmodern youth are deeply spiritual. These youth sometimes do not even call themselves religious, yet at the root of their postmodern pluralism and relativism, they do have a deep hunger for God. It is for this reason that congregations need to do all possible to engage these youth, assisting them in their quest for faith and growth in that faith, but this has to be done in a responsible and effective way. This paper will explore the relationship that culture has in the faith formation of the youth. In this sense, it reflects on the church’s mission to young people as they wrestle with the tensions they may experience between faith and culture. Due to the diversity of culture and faith in South Africa, our attention is focussed on examples of traditional practices which involve youth from various African cultures. Theological reflection on the religious aspects of culture and society as well as the spiritual dimension of individual life is prioiritized.
{"title":"Faith, culture and youth ministry in South Africa: The impact of traditional cultural practices on the faith formation of youth","authors":"Shantelle Weber","doi":"10.7832/49-0-198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7832/49-0-198","url":null,"abstract":"Postmodern youth are deeply spiritual. These youth sometimes do not even call themselves religious, yet at the root of their postmodern pluralism and relativism, they do have a deep hunger for God. It is for this reason that congregations need to do all possible to engage these youth, assisting them in their quest for faith and growth in that faith, but this has to be done in a responsible and effective way. This paper will explore the relationship that culture has in the faith formation of the youth. In this sense, it reflects on the church’s mission to young people as they wrestle with the tensions they may experience between faith and culture. Due to the diversity of culture and faith in South Africa, our attention is focussed on examples of traditional practices which involve youth from various African cultures. Theological reflection on the religious aspects of culture and society as well as the spiritual dimension of individual life is prioiritized.","PeriodicalId":82022,"journal":{"name":"Missionalia hispanica","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72774983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study discusses the critical issue of the relationship between Western Missionary Instituted Churches and African culture in Southern Africa. It argues that situated in Africa, dialogue between Western Missionary Instituted Churches and African culture is not an option but rather a matter of necessity in light of their missionary mandate. The necessity for dialogue with African culture has since the 1950s and 1960s been demonstrated by African Initiated Churches’ successful attempts of appropriating critical elements of African culture and values. This development demonstrates that the African context is dynamic with traditions which can enrich the Western Missionary Instituted Churches self-understanding and therefore make them capable of doing mission contextually and ipso facto more relevantly. The article argues that the concept of relationship in the form of a family can enrich the Western Missionary Instituted Churches’ self-understanding and the manner which it can engage mission. An ecclesiology centred on the African concept of family constitutes a key principle for missional praxis in Africa.
{"title":"The Western Missionary Instituted Churches: Any room for Dialogue with the African Instituted Churches (AICs) in South Africa?","authors":"H. Mbaya","doi":"10.7832/49-0-428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7832/49-0-428","url":null,"abstract":"This study discusses the critical issue of the relationship between Western Missionary Instituted Churches and African culture in Southern Africa. It argues that situated in Africa, dialogue between Western Missionary Instituted Churches and African culture is not an option but rather a matter of necessity in light of their missionary mandate. The necessity for dialogue with African culture has since the 1950s and 1960s been demonstrated by African Initiated Churches’ successful attempts of appropriating critical elements of African culture and values. This development demonstrates that the African context is dynamic with traditions which can enrich the Western Missionary Instituted Churches self-understanding and therefore make them capable of doing mission contextually and ipso facto more relevantly. The article argues that the concept of relationship in the form of a family can enrich the Western Missionary Instituted Churches’ self-understanding and the manner which it can engage mission. An ecclesiology centred on the African concept of family constitutes a key principle for missional praxis in Africa.","PeriodicalId":82022,"journal":{"name":"Missionalia hispanica","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77830252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Fleischmann, I. W. Ferreira, C. Gouws, Françoise Muller
As not much academic attention has been paid to the life and ministry of Erlo Hartwig Stegen (1935-present), his paper seeks to provide more insight into Erlo Stegen’s pioneering journey towards a self-sustainable protestant rural Zulu mission station, KwaSizabantu Mission, in an apartheid South Africa. Data was gleaned from interviews, documents, newsletters, reports and sermons. Thematic content analysis provided more insight into Stegen’s pioneering, missionary endeavours as well his journey towards an awakening among the Zulus. We argue that the missiological impact of Stegen’s ministry had benefitted the Zulu nation greatly.
{"title":"Erlo Hartwig Stegen: Pioneer, missionary and revival preacher in an apartheid South Africa","authors":"E. Fleischmann, I. W. Ferreira, C. Gouws, Françoise Muller","doi":"10.7832/49-0-422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7832/49-0-422","url":null,"abstract":"As not much academic attention has been paid to the life and ministry of Erlo Hartwig Stegen (1935-present), his paper seeks to provide more insight into Erlo Stegen’s pioneering journey towards a self-sustainable protestant rural Zulu mission station, KwaSizabantu Mission, in an apartheid South Africa. Data was gleaned from interviews, documents, newsletters, reports and sermons. Thematic content analysis provided more insight into Stegen’s pioneering, missionary endeavours as well his journey towards an awakening among the Zulus. We argue that the missiological impact of Stegen’s ministry had benefitted the Zulu nation greatly.","PeriodicalId":82022,"journal":{"name":"Missionalia hispanica","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85066342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Three wars stand out In Zimbabwean historiography with regards to the use and application of the just war tradition. The first was occasioned by the murder of Fr Gonzalo Da Silveira, a Portuguese Jesuit missionary, in 1560. After seeking the advice of the Ecclesiastical Council, the Portuguese King decided to send an expedition under the leadership of Francisco Barreto to wage war against the Mutapa Empire. Deliberations by the Council hand concluded that the military expedition would constitute a ‘just war’. The second war broke out in 1893, at the instigation of the British South Africa Company (BSAC). This war often referred to as the ‘Matabele war’ was a war of conquest against the Ndebele kingdom. Again, the ‘just war’ theory was applied. Thirdly, the concept was also utilised in writings by political and Church leaders in support of the Chimurenga/ Umfazo II (1966-1979). In this article, we argue that the three wars fell short of the moral bar to which the just war tradition aspires. Instead, the three wars were geared to and indeed succeeded in, serving parochial and sectarian interests of those behind the war at the expense of the lofty ideals espoused by the just war tradition. The study will rely on available secondary sources that form part of Zimbabwean historiography.
在津巴布韦的史学中，有三场战争与正义战争传统的使用和应用有关。第一次是1560年葡萄牙耶稣会传教士Gonzalo Da Silveira被谋杀引起的。在征求了教会委员会的意见后，葡萄牙国王决定派遣一支由弗朗西斯科·巴雷托率领的远征队，对穆塔帕帝国发动战争。安理会审议后得出结论，这次军事远征将构成一场“正义战争”。在英国南非公司(BSAC)的煽动下，第二次战争于1893年爆发。这场战争通常被称为“马塔贝莱战争”，是一场针对恩德贝莱王国的征服战争。再一次，“正义战争”理论被应用。第三，政治和教会领导人在支持奇穆伦加/乌姆法佐二世(1966-1979年)的著作中也使用了这一概念。在本文中，我们认为这三场战争都没有达到正义战争传统所追求的道德标准。相反，这三场战争都是为战争背后的狭隘和宗派利益服务的，并且确实取得了成功，牺牲了正义战争传统所支持的崇高理想。这项研究将依靠现有的二手资料，这些资料构成津巴布韦史学的一部分。
{"title":"The just war tradition in Zimbabwean historiography: Dis/entangling the Gordian knot between religion and morality of war","authors":"P. Gundani","doi":"10.7832/47-1-301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7832/47-1-301","url":null,"abstract":"Three wars stand out In Zimbabwean historiography with regards to the use and application of the just war tradition. The first was occasioned by the murder of Fr Gonzalo Da Silveira, a Portuguese Jesuit missionary, in 1560. After seeking the advice of the Ecclesiastical Council, the Portuguese King decided to send an expedition under the leadership of Francisco Barreto to wage war against the Mutapa Empire. Deliberations by the Council hand concluded that the military expedition would constitute a ‘just war’. The second war broke out in 1893, at the instigation of the British South Africa Company (BSAC). This war often referred to as the ‘Matabele war’ was a war of conquest against the Ndebele kingdom. Again, the ‘just war’ theory was applied. Thirdly, the concept was also utilised in writings by political and Church leaders in support of the Chimurenga/ Umfazo II (1966-1979). In this article, we argue that the three wars fell short of the moral bar to which the just war tradition aspires. Instead, the three wars were geared to and indeed succeeded in, serving parochial and sectarian interests of those behind the war at the expense of the lofty ideals espoused by the just war tradition. The study will rely on available secondary sources that form part of Zimbabwean historiography.","PeriodicalId":82022,"journal":{"name":"Missionalia hispanica","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75749979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In honour of Prof Nico Botha, this article is a contextual reading of Luke 4:16-19. The article addresses social issues like poverty, captivity, oppression and bondage not only as the mission of Christ but in the context of the poor and the marginalized in the city of Tshwane. These are the same social ills that the homeless in the city of Tshwane experience in their everyday life. Literature review on the topic of social justice demonstrates a relationship between social justice and social poverty. It also demonstrates that homelessness is associated with social factors like unemployment, poverty and inequality. However, the literature review on social justice demonstrates the research gap in studying the subject from Luke 4:16-19. Equally so the context of Luke 4:16-19 demonstrates a research gap in applying the text in the context of the homeless in the city of Tshwane. To address the two research gaps, this article reads Luke 4:16-19 in the context of the homeless in the city of Tshwane.
{"title":"MISSIOLOGY AS SOCIAL JUSTICE: A CONTEXTUAL READING OF THE MISSION OF CHRIST IN LUKE 4:16-19","authors":"M. S. Kgatle","doi":"10.7832/47-1-297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7832/47-1-297","url":null,"abstract":"In honour of Prof Nico Botha, this article is a contextual reading of Luke 4:16-19. The article addresses social issues like poverty, captivity, oppression and bondage not only as the mission of Christ but in the context of the poor and the marginalized in the city of Tshwane. These are the same social ills that the homeless in the city of Tshwane experience in their everyday life. Literature review on the topic of social justice demonstrates a relationship between social justice and social poverty. It also demonstrates that homelessness is associated with social factors like unemployment, poverty and inequality. However, the literature review on social justice demonstrates the research gap in studying the subject from Luke 4:16-19. Equally so the context of Luke 4:16-19 demonstrates a research gap in applying the text in the context of the homeless in the city of Tshwane. To address the two research gaps, this article reads Luke 4:16-19 in the context of the homeless in the city of Tshwane.","PeriodicalId":82022,"journal":{"name":"Missionalia hispanica","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89266135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The African Initiated Churches pose a challenge to the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Southern Africa/Central Diocese, regarding living up to the challenges of moratorium debate in missions in the 1970s. Among other things, the moratorium debate was advocating for values of autonomy such as; self-governing, self-support, self-propagating and self-theologising (Bigambo, 2001; Kendall, 1978 & Wagner, 1975). In its original sense, a full moratorium meant the cessation of all activity on the part of missionary personnel as well as financial assistance brought to the African churches from Europe and North America. It also means that the missionaries were to return to home from Africa for a period of five years Uka (1989:193). In this article, I do not align myself fully with this definition per se, however, I firmly believe that certain aspects of the moratorium debate illustrated by the African Initiated Churches in this article warrant attention in relation to Evangelical Lutheran Church in Southern Africa/Central Diocese.
{"title":"The African Initiated Churches as an embodiment of the moratorium debate: Lessons for the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Southern Africa Central Diocese","authors":"K. Makofane","doi":"10.7832/47-1-296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7832/47-1-296","url":null,"abstract":"The African Initiated Churches pose a challenge to the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Southern Africa/Central Diocese, regarding living up to the challenges of moratorium debate in missions in the 1970s. Among other things, the moratorium debate was advocating for values of autonomy such as; self-governing, self-support, self-propagating and self-theologising (Bigambo, 2001; Kendall, 1978 & Wagner, 1975). In its original sense, a full moratorium meant the cessation of all activity on the part of missionary personnel as well as financial assistance brought to the African churches from Europe and North America. It also means that the missionaries were to return to home from Africa for a period of five years Uka (1989:193). In this article, I do not align myself fully with this definition per se, however, I firmly believe that certain aspects of the moratorium debate illustrated by the African Initiated Churches in this article warrant attention in relation to Evangelical Lutheran Church in Southern Africa/Central Diocese.","PeriodicalId":82022,"journal":{"name":"Missionalia hispanica","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78779502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper analyses the Theological Declaration of the Belydende Kring (1979) in view of the South African context at the time. After sketching the credibility crisis facing black ministers of the Dutch Reformed ‘family’ of churches in the late 1970s, it outlines the vision of the Belydende Kring and the threefold purpose of its Declaration: an apologia to its critics, an exercise in contextual theologising, and an engagement with the ‘fathers’ of the Reformed tradition. The paper uses a ‘praxis matrix’ to explore the performance enacted by the Declaration, in terms of its own declared intentions
{"title":"Giving an account of hope in South Africa Interpreting the Theological Declaration (1979) of the ‘Broederkring van NG Kerke","authors":"K. Kritzinger","doi":"10.7832/47-1-335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7832/47-1-335","url":null,"abstract":"This paper analyses the Theological Declaration of the Belydende Kring (1979) in view of the South African context at the time. After sketching the credibility crisis facing black ministers of the Dutch Reformed ‘family’ of churches in the late 1970s, it outlines the vision of the Belydende Kring and the threefold purpose of its Declaration: an apologia to its critics, an exercise in contextual theologising, and an engagement with the ‘fathers’ of the Reformed tradition. The paper uses a ‘praxis matrix’ to explore the performance enacted by the Declaration, in terms of its own declared intentions","PeriodicalId":82022,"journal":{"name":"Missionalia hispanica","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79905079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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